CN120379047B - Method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication systemInfo
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- CN120379047B CN120379047B CN202510676182.2A CN202510676182A CN120379047B CN 120379047 B CN120379047 B CN 120379047B CN 202510676182 A CN202510676182 A CN 202510676182A CN 120379047 B CN120379047 B CN 120379047B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
- H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
- H04L1/1812—Hybrid protocols; Hybrid automatic repeat request [HARQ]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0053—Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
- H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
- H04W72/566—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria of the information or information source or recipient
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Abstract
The invention relates to wireless communication field, and discloses a method and a device for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, wherein the method comprises the following steps that a terminal detects an uplink control information set which needs to be transmitted currently; the method comprises the steps of estimating resource block demands by a terminal according to an uplink control information set and mapping the resource block demands into a hierarchical request value, sending a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to a base station by the terminal, constructing a terminal behavior prediction matrix by the base station based on a historical resource block request value, executing sparse optimization resource block allocation by the base station according to the prediction matrix and a preset control information type priority under the constraint of a total resource block, and issuing a scheduling result, and completing control information transmission by the terminal through an uplink by using the allocated resource block according to the scheduling result. The invention improves the dynamic adaptability and the resource allocation efficiency of the uplink control information transmission.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system.
Background
In the current wireless communication system, the control information is used as the core content of link reliability guarantee and resource management negotiation, and the transmission quality and timeliness of the uplink directly influence the overall stability of the communication system. The control information mainly includes ACK/NACK responses, channel State Information (CSI), scheduling Requests (SRs), etc., which are typically characterized by periodicity, event triggering, and urgency. Particularly in a multi-antenna and multi-user concurrent system such as 5GNR, the transmission frequency of control information is obviously improved, and higher requirements on timeliness and flexibility of resource allocation are provided.
In a conventional wireless communication system, in order to ensure timeliness of control information, a pre-configuration mode is generally adopted to allocate uplink control channel resources to a terminal. The system reserves a fixed number of resource blocks for various control information in advance, and enables the terminal to send the control information according to the preset position through the broadcasting parameters. The method has the advantages of simple implementation mechanism and clear scheduling logic, and can meet the uploading requirement of basic control information. However, with the diversification of service scenarios and the improvement of user density, the variety and quantity of control information have increased in volatility, and it has been difficult for the fixed resource allocation strategy to adapt to the frequently-changing demand structure.
In actual operation, the prior art often faces the problem of dynamic mismatch between resource allocation and actual control information requirements. On one hand, the static pre-allocation of resources is easy to cause resource vacancy and waste in light load, and on the other hand, the fixed allocation is likely to cause insufficient control signaling resources in heavy load or burst service high-transmission, so that key control information of part of terminals is difficult to transmit on time, and scheduling synchronization and data path establishment are even affected in serious cases. In addition, since most of the prior art lacks an effective prediction mechanism for terminal behaviors and demand trends, the system can only passively respond to the current resource request, and prospective allocation and overall optimization are difficult to carry out according to historical behaviors.
Therefore, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, which solve the problems of static stiffness of a resource allocation mechanism, delay of scheduling response and insufficient transmission reliability of key control information in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by a method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising the steps of:
the terminal detects an uplink control information set which is required to be transmitted currently;
the terminal estimates the resource block demand according to the uplink control information set and maps the resource block demand into a hierarchical request value;
The terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to the base station;
The base station builds a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on the historical resource block request value;
Under the constraint of the total resource blocks, the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and issues a scheduling result;
and the terminal completes the control information transmission through the uplink by using the allocated resource blocks according to the scheduling result.
Preferably, the set of uplink control information includes at least one of a hybrid automatic repeat request, channel state information, and a scheduling request.
Preferably, the step of estimating, by the terminal, the resource block requirement according to the uplink control information set and mapping the resource block requirement to a hierarchical request value includes:
determining a corresponding resource block demand range according to the control information type;
and selecting a hierarchical request value in a corresponding resource block requirement range based on the data amount of various control information in the uplink control information set.
Preferably, the step of the terminal sending a resource block request signaling including the hierarchical request value to the base station includes:
Performing joint coding on the hierarchical request value and a terminal identifier to generate a resource block request signaling;
and sending the resource block request signaling to the base station at the special resource position of the physical uplink shared channel PUCCH.
Preferably, the step of constructing the terminal behavior prediction matrix by the base station based on the historical resource block request value includes:
performing time window division on the historical resource block request value to generate a three-dimensional data tensor Wherein U represents the number of terminals, T represents the number of historical time slots, K represents the number of control information types;
expanding the three-dimensional data tensor into a two-dimensional matrix according to terminal dimensions And filling the missing values through a low-rank matrix completion algorithm to generate a terminal behavior prediction matrix P.
Preferably, the optimization objective of the low-rank matrix completion algorithm is:
Wherein, the For a time-smoothed regularization term,Representing a slice of the prediction matrix at time slot t; as a regular term of terminal similarity, Representing a predicted slice of the terminal i, s ij epsilon [0,1] representing the service quality similarity of the terminal i and the terminal j, and lambda 1,λ2 >0 being a time smoothing coefficient and a similarity constraint coefficient respectively.
Preferably, the step of the base station executing sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority under the constraint of the total resource blocks and issuing a scheduling result includes:
The base station sets an upper limit of resource block allocation according to the total number of the current available resource blocks;
the base station extracts resource block prediction requirement values of each control information type of each terminal from the terminal behavior prediction matrix;
under each priority, the base station performs sparse optimization on the corresponding control information of all terminals and preferentially allocates the terminals with higher predicted values;
when an overlapping request exists in part of the resource blocks, the base station performs conflict adjustment based on the historical scheduling saturation of the terminal;
And the base station executes overall sparse optimization resource block allocation on the premise of meeting the constraint of the total resource blocks, and sends a scheduling result to each terminal through a downlink control signaling.
Preferably, the optimization objective of the mathematical model of sparse optimization resource block allocation is defined as:
maximizing the weighted utility function:
and the following constraint conditions are used as optimization constraints:
Wherein, the Indicates the number of resource blocks allocated by terminal u on control information type k, and alpha k >0 indicates the priority weight of control information type k and satisfiesR total represents the total budget of the resource blocks of the current system, R max represents the maximum allocation value of the resource blocks of each terminal on each type of control information, and log (1+A u,k) is a logarithmic utility function for enhancing sparsity and improving allocation fairness.
Preferably, the step of the terminal completing control information transmission through the uplink by using the allocated resource block according to the scheduling result includes:
the terminal receives resource block allocation information contained in a scheduling result issued by the base station;
the terminal analyzes the position of the uplink resource block indicated in the resource block allocation information and the corresponding control information type;
The terminal carries out coding and modulation treatment on the control information to be sent according to a preset coding and modulation mode;
And the terminal executes uplink transmission of the control information according to the transmission time slot or the transmission period configured by the base station.
The present invention also provides an apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising:
the terminal-side device includes:
the control information detection module is configured to detect an uplink control information set which is required to be transmitted currently;
The resource demand mapping module is configured to estimate and map the resource block demand of the control information set into a hierarchical request value;
The base station side device includes:
The behavior prediction modeling module is configured to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on the historical resource block request values;
the sparse optimization allocation module is configured to execute sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority under the constraint of the total resource blocks;
the scheduling result issuing module is configured to send the resource block allocation result to the terminal through a downlink control signaling;
the terminal side device also comprises a control information transmission module which is configured to complete control information transmission through an uplink by using the allocated resource blocks according to the received scheduling result.
In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. The invention utilizes the long-term collection and statistical analysis of the historical resource block request values by the base station side to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix which is used as a decision basis for predicting the future scheduling demands. The prediction matrix is based on resource block requests, and the transition of a scheduling strategy from passive response to active prediction is realized by mapping request behavior trends of terminals on different control information types. The method breaks through the limitation of the traditional static configuration method, so that the resource scheduling process has prospective and adaptability, and the flexibility and scheduling accuracy of the whole system operation are improved.
2. The invention further introduces a control information type priority concept in a resource block allocation stage, sets weight parameters aiming at different types of uplink control information (such as HARQ-ACK, CSI, SR and the like), and combines with a resource block demand predicted value to form a scheduling objective function based on weighted sparse optimization. Under the condition of limited system resources, the base station can preferentially guarantee the transmission request of the high-priority control information, so that the linkage between the task level of the control information transmission and the resource scheduling is guaranteed, and the guarantee capability of the system on the key control flow is improved.
3. The sparse optimization allocation strategy adopted by the invention constructs a mathematical model with controllable sparsity and fairness, controls the distribution density of resource blocks among terminals through logarithmic utility function items in an objective function, and introduces a conflict adjustment mechanism by combining the historical scheduling saturation of the terminals. The optimization model not only has the capacity of carrying out allocation from the perspective of overall resources, but also can prevent the resource allocation from deviating to a certain terminal or type, thereby realizing dynamic load balance and improving the global fairness of scheduling and the utilization efficiency of system resources.
4. The invention defines the detailed control information transmission flow at the terminal side and covers the whole process from the receiving of the dispatching result, the position analysis of the resource block to the modulation coding of the control information and the emission of the physical layer. The terminal adopts the adaptive modulation and coding parameters according to the position of the resource block and the type of the control information carried in the scheduling signaling, and completes data transmission according to the transmission time slot or period, thereby realizing the fine utilization of uplink resources. Meanwhile, the closed loop response flow is matched with a base station side prediction and scheduling strategy forming mechanism, so that the uplink and downlink system coordination capability is enhanced, and the adaptability of control information transmission in time sequence and reliability is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device architecture according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 1 to 2.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, which comprises the following steps:
S1, a terminal detects an uplink control information set which needs to be transmitted currently;
s2, the terminal estimates the resource block requirement according to the uplink control information set and maps the resource block requirement to a hierarchical request value;
S3, the terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to the base station;
s4, the base station builds a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on the historical resource block request value;
S5, under the constraint of the total resource blocks, the base station combines the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority to execute sparse optimization resource block allocation, and issues a scheduling result;
and S6, the terminal completes control information transmission through an uplink by using the allocated resource blocks according to the scheduling result.
For step S1, in this embodiment, the implementation manner is specifically described as follows:
The terminal monitors the state of the control information to be transmitted through the uplink in real time or periodically through a control information management unit in the protocol stack. The detection procedure of the control information set is based on a predefined control information type classification mechanism covering at least one type of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ-ACK), channel State Information (CSI) and Scheduling Request (SR).
The detection of the hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ-ACK) is triggered by an acknowledgement feedback event of downlink data transmission, and after the physical layer of the terminal completes the decoding of a downlink transmission block, ACK or NACK indication information is generated according to a decoding result;
The detection of Channel State Information (CSI) is based on channel measurement period configuration, and a terminal periodically or semi-continuously executes channel quality measurement according to CSI reference signal (CSI-RS) measurement resource configuration issued by a base station to generate a composite report containing Channel Quality Indication (CQI), precoding Matrix Indication (PMI) and Rank Indication (RI);
The detection of a Scheduling Request (SR) is triggered by the terminal Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and an SR request flag is generated when the terminal has uplink data to be transmitted but does not obtain a scheduling grant.
And a control information buffer queue is maintained in the terminal and is used for temporarily storing various control information to be transmitted. And the cache queue adopts a priority management strategy, and sequences the simultaneous multi-type control information according to a preset urgency rule. Preferably, the priority rule satisfies:
Priority(HARQ-ACK)>Priority(CSI)>Priority(SR);
To ensure that high priority control information is prioritized into the detection and processing flow.
The control plane processor of the terminal accesses the buffer queue through an interrupt mechanism or a polling mechanism. And triggering a resource block demand estimation flow when detecting that the control information to be transmitted exists in the queue. Preferably, the detection process comprises the sub-steps of:
Event triggering detection, namely adopting event-driven detection, namely directly triggering detection operation by specific events (such as decoding completion or buffer state change) aiming at HARQ-ACK and SR;
periodic scanning detection, namely aiming at the CSI, periodically detecting by adopting a timer, wherein the timer period is aligned with the CSI report period configured by the base station;
And conflict resolution, namely selecting the highest priority type to enter subsequent processing according to the priority rule when the multi-type control information is detected at the same moment, and temporarily storing the other types in a queue to wait for the next detection period.
For step S2, in this embodiment, the implementation manner is specifically described as follows:
The terminal estimates the required resource block requirement through a series of mapping mechanisms and calculation flows according to the content and the characteristics of the uplink control information set, and maps the requirement into a hierarchical request value so as to facilitate the base station to optimize the resource allocation. The key of the process is to evaluate the corresponding resource block demand range according to different types of control information, and select corresponding hierarchical request values by combining the data volume and the network condition. The specific implementation steps are as follows:
First, the terminal recognizes and classifies the type of control information currently required to be transmitted. These control information include hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ-ACK), channel State Information (CSI), and Scheduling Request (SR), etc., where the number of resource blocks required for each control information may be different during transmission. Based on this, the terminal will determine its corresponding resource block requirement range according to the characteristics of each control information, the data amount, the transmission period, and other parameters.
For each control information type, the terminal sets a resource block requirement range based on a predefined rule, and the range is closely related to the size, the priority and the transmission condition of the information. Specifically:
for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ-ACK), the resource block requirement range mainly depends on the Transport Block (TB) size and the corresponding feedback information amount. And the terminal calculates the total amount of the required resources according to the quantity and the size of the HARQ feedback, and maps the total amount of the required resources to a specific resource block request level.
For Channel State Information (CSI), the resource block requirement is related to factors such as the size of the CSI report, the modulation and demodulation scheme, the coding scheme, and the measurement period used by the terminal. The terminal estimates the required resource block amount according to the measured fine-grained channel quality index in the reporting period of the channel state information, and then maps the required resource block amount to a corresponding hierarchical request value.
For Scheduling Requests (SRs), the resource requirement of this type of information is mainly determined by the presence or absence of uplink data. When the terminal needs to send uplink data, but has not yet obtained scheduling, the SR request triggers a resource block request and is mapped into a hierarchical request value according to the size of the requested resource.
And secondly, the terminal performs hierarchical mapping operation according to the resource requirement range of each control information type and the actual data quantity thereof. The operation maps specific resource requirements of the control information to a hierarchical request value via a predefined mapping function or mapping table. The request value is expressed in an integer or binary form, representing the resource level required by the current terminal. The terminal selects a most appropriate hierarchical request value according to the priority of various control information and the resource demand condition thereof. For example, in case of a higher resource block requirement, the terminal may choose a higher request level to ensure that sufficient uplink resources are obtained.
In order to ensure the high efficiency and accuracy of the resource request, the terminal can dynamically adjust based on various information in the control information set. For example, when a certain type of control information (e.g., HARQ-ACK) requires higher priority processing, the terminal may select a corresponding higher request value to acquire resources preferentially. Conversely, when the control information amount is smaller or the priority is lower, the request value is mapped to a lower level.
The implementation of the process ensures that the terminal can accurately estimate the resource requirement under the simultaneous transmission requirement of various control information, and can carry out efficient resource request on the base station through the hierarchical request value. The mapping mechanism not only improves the utilization efficiency of uplink resources, but also is beneficial to interference management and resource scheduling in the system, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the wireless communication system.
For step S3, in this embodiment, the implementation manner is specifically described as follows:
After finishing the resource block demand estimation based on the uplink control information set and mapping the resource block demand estimation to a hierarchical request value, the terminal needs to encapsulate the hierarchical request value as important content of the resource request in a certain coding mode to form a resource block request signaling, and sends the resource block request signaling to the base station on a specified uplink channel resource so as to realize closed-loop transmission of a resource request flow.
In order to ensure the identification and the uniqueness of the resource block request signaling, the terminal performs joint coding on the currently obtained hierarchical request value and the terminal identifier thereof in the process of generating the signaling. The terminal identifier is used to identify the originating terminal entity of the resource request, which may be implemented by a temporary identity (e.g., C-RNTI) or a persistent identity (e.g., UE ID) assigned by the Radio Access Network (RAN).
The joint coding mode preferably adopts a structured bit splicing or mapping mechanism, and bit fields of the terminal identifier and the hierarchical request value fields are assembled into one frame of resource block request information in a format template according to a preset sequence. Specifically, the request signaling may take the form of:
RB_Request=Encode(IDUE||LevelRequest);
The method comprises the steps of carrying out bit integration, error correction verification, modulation pre-processing and the like on a terminal identifier, wherein ID UE represents bit representation of the terminal identifier, level Request is a binary code value of a hierarchical request value, level is bit splicing operation, and Encode (-) is a coding function.
After the coding is completed, the terminal selects a PUCCH dedicated resource location for transmitting the request signaling according to PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) resource assignment information configured by the base station side through RRC. The PUCCH resource location preferably includes an uplink subframe number on a time domain, a physical resource block pair (PRBpair) index on a frequency domain, and an optional cyclic shift parameter, etc., to ensure reliable transmission and reception of signaling.
And the terminal schedules and transmits the resource block request signaling at the selected PUCCH resource position, modulates and codes the resource block request signaling through a physical layer signal processing flow and transmits the resource block request signaling in an uplink manner. The transmission flow of the physical layer includes a series of processes such as modulation mapping (e.g., QPSK), physical resource mapping, power control, and transmit precoding, so as to ensure that the signaling can be correctly received and decoded at the base station side.
And providing a basis for subsequent uplink resource scheduling according to the uplink resource request level of the terminal. The mechanism is helpful for realizing resource request management and collision avoidance in a multi-terminal environment.
It should be noted that, the sending mechanism of the resource block request signaling is closely related to the foregoing control information detection, resource estimation, and hierarchical mapping processes, so as to form a complete link management flow from the control information state monitoring to the uplink resource application.
For step S4, in this embodiment, the implementation manner is specifically described as follows:
After receiving the resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value from each terminal, the base station continuously records the request behavior of each terminal, and constructs a long-term behavior data structure based on the request behavior, and is used for analyzing the resource request mode and the control information change trend of the terminal, so as to assist the subsequent uplink resource allocation optimization decision.
In a specific implementation, a base station firstly performs time window division on a resource block request value collected by history. And constructing a multi-time-slot resource request behavior data structure by taking time as a sequence dimension, and capturing request characteristic changes of the terminal in different time slices. The data structure is preferably constructed as a three-dimensional data tensorThe method comprises the steps of carrying out statistics on resource request data, wherein U represents the number of terminals participating in uplink requests in a statistics period, T represents the number of divided historical time slots and is used for carrying out time sequence modeling on the resource request data, K represents the category number of control information types, comprises HARQ-ACK, CSI, SR and the like, and identifies the control information type corresponding to the request value.
In three-dimensional data tensorsEach element ofAnd the resource block request grade value sent by the ith terminal aiming at the kth type of control information in the kth time slice is indicated.
In order to realize matrix processing operation of unified modeling and subsequent prediction tasks, a base station expands the three-dimensional tensor according to terminal dimensions and converts the three-dimensional tensor into a two-dimensional matrixEach row of the matrix corresponds to a historical request behavior vector of a terminal, and the column vectors sequentially arrange request values corresponding to different types of control information in each time slot.
Because the terminal may not send a request in some time slots or for some control information types, so that there is partial missing data in the matrix, the missing items in the matrix MM need to be filled by a low-rank matrix complement algorithm to generate a behavior prediction matrixEach element (u, tk) of the matrix P is a predicted value of the resource block request level of the base station for the kth type control information of the kth terminal in a future time slot.
In order to ensure the time consistency of filling results and the behavior similarity between terminals, the matrix filling process is constrained based on a joint optimization objective function. Specifically, the optimization objective is as follows:
Wherein, the For a time-smoothed regularization term,Representing a slice of the prediction matrix at time slot t; as a regular term of terminal similarity, Representing a predicted slice of the terminal i, s ij epsilon [0,1] representing the service quality similarity of the terminal i and the terminal j, and lambda 1,λ2 >0 being a time smoothing coefficient and a similarity constraint coefficient respectively.
The optimization function forms a structured matrix complement model by introducing regular terms of time and space (terminal) dimensions, and can effectively fill missing resource request data and form a complete terminal behavior prediction matrix P. The base station can estimate the behavior mode of the future resource request of the terminal in advance according to the matrix, and further guide the pre-scheduling of the uplink resource and the optimization of the resource pool.
For step S5, in this embodiment, the implementation manner is specifically described as follows:
on the basis that the terminal behavior prediction matrix is completely constructed, the base station sets a global resource block allocation upper limit according to the total number of available resource blocks of the uplink in the current time slot, and marks the global resource block allocation upper limit as R total, so that the global resource block allocation upper limit is used as a constraint boundary in the sparse optimization scheduling process.
Subsequently, the base station predicts the matrix from the terminal behaviorExtracting each terminal U e {1, & gt, U } for each control information type K e {1, predicted resource block demand value for K, noted asThe predicted values reflect the potential request strength of various control information of the terminal in the current scheduling period, and are the basis of the subsequent resource allocation decision.
After the base station acquires the prediction requirement, the control information type priority weight alpha k pre-configured by the system is further introduced to reflect the relative importance of different control information in scheduling. For example, higher priority weights may be preferably given for HARQ-ACK signaling for maintaining physical link layer reliability, and medium or secondary weights may be preferably given for periodically reported CSI or the like.
In a specific scheduling flow, the base station processes various control information types in sequence from high priority to low priority. For each type of control information k, the base station predicts the required value according to the predictionAnd sequencing all the terminals, and preferentially considering the terminals with higher predicted values to allocate resource blocks. The process can be realized through a sparse optimization algorithm, so that the aim of achieving both allocation sparsity and fairness is fulfilled.
To this end, the system builds a sparse optimization objective function aimed at maximizing the weighted utility function as follows:
and the following constraint conditions are used as optimization constraints:
Wherein, the Indicates the number of resource blocks allocated by terminal u on control information type k, and alpha k >0 indicates the priority weight of control information type k and satisfiesR total represents the total budget of the resource blocks of the current system, R max represents the maximum allocation value of the resource blocks of each terminal on each type of control information, the maximum allocation value is used for preventing the system unbalance caused by the centralized allocation of the resources, and log (1+A u,k) is a logarithmic utility function and is used for enhancing sparsity and improving allocation fairness.
In the actual solution, if there are multiple terminals that make resource requests for the same control information, and there is a conflict or overlap of the resources, the base station will adjust the saturation level based on the historical scheduling of the terminals. The scheduling saturation may be statistically derived based on the resource acquisition of the terminal in the previous scheduling period, and preferably the scheduling underallocated terminal is prioritized to maintain long-term fairness.
After the sparse optimization process is completed, the base station obtains a resource block scheduling result A, generates downlink control signaling according to the result, and respectively informs the corresponding terminal of available resource block configuration. The control signaling completes transmission through a downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or a downlink control channel (PDCCH), and is analyzed and executed by the terminal, so that the dispatching result can be ensured to be effective in the next uplink dispatching period.
The resource block allocation mechanism comprehensively considers the terminal prediction behavior, the control information priority, the total quantity constraint of the resource blocks and the terminal scheduling history characteristics, forms a stable and efficient resource scheduling result in a joint optimization mode, and ensures that the system realizes the fine transmission guarantee of the control information under the condition of limited resources.
For step S6, in this embodiment, the implementation manner is specifically described as follows:
after the base station completes sparse optimization resource block allocation and issues a scheduling result to the terminal through a downlink control signaling, the terminal acquires resource block allocation information according to the received scheduling signaling. The fields included in the scheduling result preferably include, but are not limited to, a resource block location identifier, a control information type identifier, a starting time slot, a periodic transmission parameter, and the like. After receiving the control signaling, the terminal needs to complete the analysis operation of the scheduling information first.
In the analysis process, the terminal identifies the frequency domain and the time position of the allocated resource block, and determines the control information type corresponding to each resource block. The control information types may include, but are not limited to, hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgement information (HARQ-ACK), channel State Information (CSI), and Scheduling Request (SR), etc. And the terminal respectively retrieves the content of the to-be-transmitted control information according to the control information type identification result, and prepares to enter a physical layer transmission flow.
Aiming at different types of control information, the terminal executes physical layer processing according to a preset coding and modulation mode. The coding mode may preferably include a channel coding algorithm based on LDPC (low density parity check code) or Polar (Polar code), and the modulation mode may include a mainstream modulation technique such as QPSK, 16QAM, and the like. The specific selection of coding and modulation can be determined according to the type of control information, the transmission reliability requirement and the current network configuration strategy, and the terminal synchronizes through the system broadcast parameters or the pre-configuration parameters.
The modulated control information is mapped to a Physical Resource Block (PRB), and the terminal uploads the data to the corresponding time-frequency resource position according to the analyzed resource block position. In the uplink transmission process, the terminal completes signal transmission through its Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) or Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH). The signal transmission process follows the current frame structure and the uplink subframe configuration, and ensures that the transmitting behavior is consistent with the system scheduling maintaining time sequence.
In terms of transmitting time slot selection, the terminal confirms which time slot the current control information should be transmitted in according to a transmitting time slot configuration field in the control signaling issued by the base station. For the periodically reported control information, such as CSI, the terminal also needs to perform repeated transmission operation in the designated periodic time slot according to the configured transmission period or trigger mechanism.
In order to improve the robustness of signaling transmission, when the terminal performs control information transmission, the terminal needs to set the transmitting power according to the power control parameters of the base station configuration channel, and introduces a frequency domain precoding and power allocation strategy if possible, so as to adapt to the physical channel condition change and ensure the information receiving reliability.
In summary, the terminal can efficiently complete the uplink transmission task of the required control information within a limited resource block range according to the scheduling result issued by the base station. The flow and the resource block prediction and sparse optimization strategy at the base station side jointly construct a closed-loop scheduling response mechanism, and the closed-loop scheduling response mechanism has good uplink and downlink cooperative adaptability.
The present invention also provides an apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising:
the terminal-side device includes:
the control information detection module is configured to detect an uplink control information set which is required to be transmitted currently;
The resource demand mapping module is configured to estimate and map the resource block demand of the control information set into a hierarchical request value;
The base station side device includes:
The behavior prediction modeling module is configured to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on the historical resource block request values;
the sparse optimization allocation module is configured to execute sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority under the constraint of the total resource blocks;
the scheduling result issuing module is configured to send the resource block allocation result to the terminal through a downlink control signaling;
The terminal side device also comprises a control information transmission module configured to complete control information transmission through an uplink by using the allocated resource blocks according to the received scheduling result
The apparatus of this embodiment may be used to execute the above method embodiments, and the principle and technical effects are similar, and are not repeated herein.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising the steps of:
the terminal detects an uplink control information set which is required to be transmitted currently;
the terminal estimates the resource block demand according to the uplink control information set and maps the resource block demand into a hierarchical request value;
The terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to the base station;
The base station builds a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on the historical resource block request value;
Under the constraint of the total resource blocks, the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and issues a scheduling result;
the terminal completes control information transmission through an uplink by using the allocated resource blocks according to the scheduling result;
the step of constructing a terminal behavior prediction matrix by the base station based on the historical resource block request value comprises the following steps:
performing time window division on the historical resource block request value to generate a three-dimensional data tensor
Wherein U represents the number of terminals, T represents the number of historical time slots, K represents the number of control information types;
expanding the three-dimensional data tensor into a two-dimensional matrix according to terminal dimensions And filling the missing values through a low-rank matrix completion algorithm to generate a terminal behavior prediction matrix P.
2. The method of transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the set of uplink control information includes at least one of a hybrid automatic repeat request, channel state information, and a scheduling request.
3. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the step of the terminal estimating resource block requirements from the set of uplink control information and mapping to a hierarchical request value comprises:
determining a corresponding resource block demand range according to the control information type;
and selecting a hierarchical request value in a corresponding resource block requirement range based on the data amount of various control information in the uplink control information set.
4. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the step of the terminal transmitting resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to the base station comprises:
Performing joint coding on the hierarchical request value and a terminal identifier to generate a resource block request signaling;
and sending the resource block request signaling to the base station at the special resource position of the physical uplink shared channel PUCCH.
5. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the optimization objective of the low rank matrix completion algorithm is:
Wherein, the For a time-smoothed regularization term, Representing a slice of the prediction matrix at time slot t; as a regular term of terminal similarity, The method comprises the steps of representing a predicted slice of a terminal i, s ij epsilon [0,1 representing the service quality similarity of the terminal i and the terminal j, and lambda 1,λ2 >0 being a time smoothing coefficient and a similarity constraint coefficient respectively.
6. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the step of the base station executing sparse optimized resource block allocation in combination with the prediction matrix and a preset control information type priority under total resource block constraint and issuing a scheduling result comprises:
The base station sets an upper limit of resource block allocation according to the total number of the current available resource blocks;
the base station extracts resource block prediction requirement values of each control information type of each terminal from the terminal behavior prediction matrix;
The base station processes each control information type in sequence from high to low according to the priority according to the preset control information type priority;
under each priority, the base station performs sparse optimization on the corresponding control information of all terminals, and preferentially allocates terminals with higher predicted values;
when an overlapping request exists in part of the resource blocks, the base station performs conflict adjustment based on the historical scheduling saturation of the terminal;
And the base station executes overall sparse optimization resource block allocation on the premise of meeting the constraint of the total resource blocks, and sends a scheduling result to each terminal through a downlink control signaling.
7. The method of transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 6, wherein the optimization objective of the mathematical model of sparse optimization resource block allocation is defined as:
maximizing the weighted utility function:
and the following constraint conditions are used as optimization constraints:
Wherein, the Indicates the number of resource blocks allocated by terminal u on control information type k, and alpha k >0 indicates the priority weight of control information type k and satisfiesR total represents the total budget of the resource blocks of the current system, R max represents the maximum allocation value of the resource blocks of each terminal on each type of control information, and log (1+A u,k) is a logarithmic utility function for enhancing sparsity and improving allocation fairness.
8. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, wherein the step of the terminal completing the transmission of control information through the uplink using the allocated resource blocks according to the scheduling result comprises:
the terminal receives resource block allocation information contained in a scheduling result issued by the base station;
the terminal analyzes the position of the uplink resource block indicated in the resource block allocation information and the corresponding control information type;
The terminal carries out coding and modulation treatment on the control information to be sent according to a preset coding and modulation mode;
The terminal executes uplink transmission according to the coding and modulation result at the time-frequency resource position corresponding to the allocated resource block;
And the terminal executes the uplink transmission process of the control information according to the transmission time slot or the transmission period configured by the base station.
9. An apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, applied to a method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
the terminal-side device includes:
the control information detection module is configured to detect an uplink control information set which is required to be transmitted currently;
the resource demand mapping module is configured to estimate and map the resource block demands of the control information set into a hierarchical request value;
a request signaling sending module configured to send resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to a base station;
The base station side device includes:
The behavior prediction modeling module is configured to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on the historical resource block request values;
the sparse optimization allocation module is configured to execute sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority under the constraint of the total resource blocks;
the scheduling result issuing module is configured to send the resource block allocation result to the terminal through a downlink control signaling;
the terminal side device also comprises a control information transmission module which is configured to complete control information transmission through an uplink by using the allocated resource blocks according to the received scheduling result.
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