Be used under the low temperature by ethene and butylene system propylene with catalyst and method for making and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of being used under the low temperature by ethene and butylene catalyst by reversal disproportionation preparation of propene, use catalyst provided by the invention can high conversion, high selectivity and high stability ground produces propylene.
The present invention relates to above-mentioned Preparation of catalysts method.
The invention still further relates to above-mentioned Application of Catalyst.
Background technology
Propylene is one of important foundation raw material of development petrochemical industry, also is the fastest industrial chemicals of demand growth in the world, and world's propylene demand from 1,800 ten thousand tons of nearly 5,000 ten thousand tons of increasing to 2000 in 1980, expects 2010 and will reach 7,500 ten thousand tons.It with ethene and butene reaction system propylene one of method that increases propone output, because supply exceed demand for butylene at present, especially the butene-2 shortage is effectively utilized approach, so suit measures to local conditions to adopt this course of reaction can reasonably regulate the product layout of ethene, propylene and butylene.There is part to contain the crude ethylene of methane, ethane and small quantity of hydrogen in addition in the product of heavy oil catalytic pyrolysis, itself and butene reaction are made propylene, both can improve the output of propylene, and can reduce the energy consumption of cryogenic separation again, and this course of reaction is more favourable than propylene disproportionation as can be known by calculation of thermodynamics.This is a process with practicality and novelty, and it is succeeded in developing and can produce remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit.
United States Patent (USP) (USP:5877365) has been reported C
4Cut is converted into polyisobutene and propylene process.This process comprises following three steps: (1) butene-1 tautomerizes to butene-2; (2) isobutene polymerisation becomes polyisobutene; (3) the anti-disproportionation system propylene of butene-2 and ethene.The anti-disproportionation system propylene of butene-2 and ethene catalyst system therefor is the oxide carried on a mixed oxide of rhenium (0.01-20wt%), this mixed oxide comprises at least 75% aluminium oxide, other is a sieve and silica-sesquioxide, one or both in the oxide of molecular sieve and 0.01-30% niobium and tantalum.Reaction temperature is between 0-200 ℃, and pressure is higher than the saturated vapor pressure of gaseous mixture under the respective reaction temperature.
United States Patent (USP) (USP:5120894) has been reported the catalyst of ethene and butene inverse disproportionation system propylene, this catalyst is the oxide carried on silica supports of tungsten, this catalyst is used for the reaction by ethene and butene inverse disproportionation system propylene, and the range of reaction temperature of requirement is 274-360 ℃.
Chinese patent (CN1033246A) has been reported and has been applicable to C
6-C
60Monomer alkene prepares the catalyst of different carbon number alkene by disproportionated reaction, and mainly consisting of of it supports molybdenum oxide on the aluminium oxide, also contain the compound of phosphorus and/or sulphur simultaneously.
Chinese patent (application number is 1104355.5) has been reported the catalyst of ethene and butene inverse disproportionation system propylene, this catalyst is that molybdenum, tungsten and rhenium compound are carried on the molecular sieve carrier, and molecular sieve comprises Silicate-2, Y, HB, SAPO series, ZSM series and MCM series etc.Be reflected in fixed bed or the fluidized-bed reactor and carry out, reaction temperature 0-300 ℃; Weight space velocity is 0.01-3h
-1Ethylene/butylene in the reactor feed gas is than being 0.2-4; Reaction pressure is 0.1-2.0MPa.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of being used under the low temperature by ethene and butylene system propylene catalyst, use catalyst provided by the invention can high conversion, high selectivity and high stability ground produces propylene.
For achieving the above object, catalyst provided by the invention, it consists of A/D, active constituent A is the oxide of molybdenum and/or the oxide of tungsten, its weight loading is 0.5-20%, is preferably 1-15%, and carrier D is aluminium oxide or aluminium oxide and other hopcalites, the weight content of aluminium oxide is no less than 50% in the carrier, preferably is no less than 60%.Other oxides comprise one or more in silica, clay, alkaline earth oxide or the rare-earth oxide.
Another purpose of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned Preparation of catalysts method, its preparation method is: at first prepare the mixture carrier particle with conventional method, with the solution impregnation aforementioned particles that molybdenum and/or W elements are provided, dry back makes required catalyst in 400-850 ℃ of roasting then.Can also repeatedly repeat above-mentioned dipping and calcination steps.Sintering temperature is preferably 500-800 ℃.
Another object of the present invention is to provide above-mentioned catalyst to be used under the low temperature reaction by ethene and butene inverse disproportionation system propylene.During reaction, C
4Raw material can be a butene-2, can be butene-2 content greater than 50% mixed material, also can be butene-1.When being raw material with the butene-1, butene-1 need at first carry out isomerization reaction, to obtain butene-1, butene-2 mixed material near thermodynamic equilibrium value as anti-disproportionation raw material; Reaction condition is: temperature 0-200 ℃, be preferably 50-150 ℃; Pressure is 0.1-10.0Mpa, is preferably 0.3-6.5MPa; The butene-2 weight space velocity is 0.01-3h
-1Ethylene/butylene in the reaction raw materials-2 molecular proportion is 0.2-10.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further elaborated, but range of application of the present invention is not produced any restriction.
Embodiment 1
Prepare graininess with conventional method and have Al
2O
3Carrier takes out 10 grams and carries out vacuum impregnation with ammonium molybdate solution, through 120 ℃ of oven dry and 650 ℃ of roastings 3 hours, makes required catalyst A then, and the weight content of Mo is 6%.
Embodiment 2
Prepare graininess with conventional method and have Al
2O
3Carrier takes out 10 grams and carries out vacuum impregnation with ammonium molybdate solution, through 120 ℃ of oven dry and 700 ℃ of roastings 3 hours, makes required catalyst B then, and the weight content of Mo is 9%.
Embodiment 3
Prepare graininess with conventional method and have Al
2O
3Carrier, take out 10 grams and carry out vacuum impregnation with ammonium molybdate solution, then through 120 ℃ of oven dry and 700 ℃ of roastings 3 hours, with this calcining matter is carrier, carry out vacuum impregnation with ammonium molybdate solution once more, through 120 ℃ of oven dry and 700 ℃ of roastings 3 hours, make required catalyst C then, the weight content of Mo is 8%.
Embodiment 4
Prepare graininess with conventional method and have 70Al
2O
3-30SiO
2(70 and 30 represent weight content respectively) carrier takes out 10 grams and carries out vacuum impregnation with ammonium molybdate solution, through 120 ℃ of oven dry and 700 ℃ of roastings 3 hours, makes required catalyst D then, and the weight content of Mo is 9%.
Embodiment 5
The Al that has the certain granules degree with the conventional method preparation
2O
3Carrier takes out 10 grams and carries out vacuum impregnation with ammonium molybdate and ammonium tungstate mixed solution, through 120 ℃ of oven dry and 650 ℃ of roastings 3 hours, makes required catalyst E then, and the weight content of Mo and W is respectively 6% and 3%.
Embodiment 6
The Al that has the certain granules degree with the conventional method preparation
2O
3Carrier takes out 10 grams and carries out vacuum impregnation with ammonium molybdate solution, through 120 ℃ of oven dry and 750 ℃ of roastings 2 hours, makes required catalyst F then, and the weight content of Mo is 6%.
Embodiment 7
Is in the stainless steel fixed bed reactors of 10mm, at N with 5g according to the catalyst of the embodiment method preparation internal diameter of packing into
2Atmosphere in be warmed up to 550 ℃ and kept 1 hour, then at N
2Atmosphere drop to 100 ℃.With nitrogen reacting system pressure is upgraded to 1.0MPa, switching nitrogen is that ethene and butene-2 carry out anti-disproportionated reaction, and keeping the weight space velocity of butene-2 is 0.2, and ethylene/butylene-2 molecular proportion is 3.Switch and begin sample analysis after 20 minutes.The performance that A, B, C, D, E and six kinds of catalyst of F changed with the reaction time 1-table 6 (is criterion calculation propylene selectivity with the butene-2) of tabulating as follows.
The reactivity worth of table 1 catalyst A
Reaction time (hour) | X
C2H4(%)
| X
C4H8-2 (%)
| S
C3H6(%)
|
5 | 29.25 | 82.30 | 91.12 |
10 | 26.27 | 76.45 | 90.11 |
15 | 24.32 | 70.37 | 88.98 |
20 | 22.79 | 64.87 | 91.02 |
The reactivity worth of table 2 catalyst B
Reaction time (hour) | X
C2H4(%)
| X
C4H8-2(%)
| S
C3H6(%)
|
5 | 30.94 | 80.95 | 87.95 |
10 | 30.47 | 80.65 | 89.45 |
15 | 30.38 | 80.40 | 90.11 |
20 | 30.26 | 79.89 | 89.28 |
25 | 28.95 | 79.54 | 89.27 |
30 | 28.32 | 79.17 | 89.95 |
35 | 28.00 | 78.78 | 90.04 |
40 | 27.75 | 78.24 | 90.56 |
45 | 26.07 | 77.35 | 89.78 |
50 | 25.39 | 74.34 | 89.45 |
55 | 22.45 | 65.87 | 88.62 |
60 | 21.70 | 61.92 | 89.63 |
The reactivity worth (1) of table 3 catalyst C
Reaction time (hour) | X
C2H4(%)
| X
C4H8-2(%)
| S
C3H6(%)
|
5 | 29.45 | 83.65 | 89.91 |
10 | 27.68 | 80.15 | 90.18 |
15 | 27.53 | 79.42 | 90.00 |
20 | 26.43 | 75.98 | 89.69 |
25 | 25.87 | 73.42 | 89.35 |
30 | 23.46 | 68.51 | 89.18 |
35 | 22.65 | 63.27 | 90.24 |
The reactivity worth of table 4 catalyst D
Reaction time (hour) | X
C2H4(%)
| X
C4H8-2(%)
| S
C3H6(%)
|
5 | 28.92 | 83.19 | 89.32 |
10 | 27.57 | 81.34 | 88.65 |
15 | 26.96 | 79.06 | 90.78 |
20 | 25.47 | 74.62 | 89.45 |
25 | 24.15 | 69.25 | 89.99 |
30 | 22.07 | 64.02 | 89.96 |
The reactivity worth of table 5 catalyst E
Reaction time (hour) | X
C2H4(%)
| X
C4H8-2(%)
| S
C3H6(%)
|
5 | 28.38 | 83.95 | 89.65 |
10 | 28.05 | 82.65 | 90.32 |
15 | 27.36 | 81.96 | 89.41 |
20 | 26.94 | 80.21 | 90.85 |
25 | 26.47 | 78.69 | 89.67 |
30 | 24.75 | 73.54 | 90.78 |
35 | 24.07 | 69.45 | 89.87 |
40 | 22.30 | 65.77 | 90.11 |
The reactivity worth of table 6 catalyst F
Reaction time (hour) | X
C2H4(%)
| X
C4H8-2(%)
| S
C3H6(%)
|
5 | 29.82 | 83.40 | 90.14 |
10 | 27.96 | 81.07 | 89.66 |
15 | 25.74 | 74.90 | 90.30 |
20 | 23.61 | 69.88 | 89.99 |
25 | 21.96 | 63.2 | 90.36 |
Embodiment 8
Is in the stainless steel fixed bed reactors of 10mm, at N with 5g according to the catalyst C of the embodiment method preparation internal diameter of packing into
2Atmosphere in be warmed up to 550 ℃ and kept 1 hour, then at N
2Atmosphere drop to 50 ℃.With nitrogen reacting system pressure is upgraded to 6.0MPa, switching nitrogen is that ethene and butene-2 carry out anti-disproportionated reaction, and keeping the weight space velocity of butene-2 is 0.05, and ethylene/butylene-2 molecular proportion is 0.9.Switch and begin sample analysis after 20 minutes.The results are shown in Table 7 (are criterion calculation propylene selectivity with the butene-2).
The reactivity worth (2) of table 7 catalyst C
Reaction time (hour) | X
C2H4(%)
| X
C4H8-2(%)
| S
C3H6 (%)
|
5 | 73.46 | 80.24 | 93.42 |
10 | 72.18 | 80.07 | 93.59 |
15 | 72.00 | 79.80 | 92.87 |
20 | 71.87 | 79.65 | 94.00 |
25 | 71.28 | 79.04 | 92.98 |
30 | 70.94 | 78.56 | 93.24 |
35 | 70.37 | 77.99 | 93.00 |
40 | 69.74 | 77.32 | 93.57 |
45 | 67.28 | 74.57 | 94.20 |
50 | 63.57 | 70.37 | 92.98 |
55 | 59.42 | 65.83 | 93.00 |
60 | 57.00 | 63.17 | 93.87 |