CN120068557A - Gridless simulation method, device and medium for calculating landslide surge of soil body - Google Patents
Gridless simulation method, device and medium for calculating landslide surge of soil body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于堤防地质灾害模拟技术领域，具体涉及一种计算土体滑坡涌浪的无网格模拟方法、装置及介质，本发明解决了耦合界面局部水体压强、土体轮廓发育过程的反演不精确的问题，能够有效表征滑坡体、水体间双相耦合作用，能合理模拟耦合界面的压强分布，消除非物理高压间隙，对土体大变形运动过程、涌浪传播过程均能进行准确预测，对于局部的水体冲击翻卷流态也能进行精确反演，并提供可视化分析材料。本发明所提供的一种计算土体滑坡涌浪的无网格模拟装置能够精确模拟快速、慢速土体滑坡涌浪等多种工况，应用于典型断面、区域内的相关研究分析，为厘清土体滑坡涌浪演化规律及涌浪灾害防治提供指导。本发明能够准确模拟土体滑坡涌浪全过程。
The present invention belongs to the technical field of embankment geological disaster simulation, and specifically relates to a gridless simulation method, device and medium for calculating soil landslide surge. The present invention solves the problem of inaccurate inversion of local water pressure and soil contour development process at the coupling interface, can effectively characterize the two-phase coupling between the landslide body and the water body, can reasonably simulate the pressure distribution of the coupling interface, eliminate the non-physical high-pressure gap, can accurately predict the large deformation movement process of the soil body and the surge propagation process, can also accurately invert the local water impact and rollover flow state, and provide visual analysis materials. The gridless simulation device for calculating soil landslide surge provided by the present invention can accurately simulate various working conditions such as fast and slow soil landslide surges, and is applied to relevant research and analysis in typical sections and regions, and provides guidance for clarifying the evolution law of soil landslide surges and the prevention and control of surge disasters. The present invention can accurately simulate the entire process of soil landslide surges.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the technical field of dike geological disaster simulation, and particularly relates to a gridless simulation method, device and medium for calculating landslide surge of soil.
The background technology is as follows:
In the construction of embankments and the early warning analysis of geological disasters, landslide surge secondary disasters are very important research contents. The process of inducing the landslide and landslide body water inflow to surge caused by the instability and damage of the waterfront soil bank slope involves complex fluid-solid coupling action, and the detection of the action mechanism is significant for effectively inverting the landslide surge evolution process and establishing a geological disaster early warning system.
In the existing numerical simulation research, the method is limited by the large deformation characteristics of the controlled soil body and the water body and different control equations between the large deformation characteristics and the water body, certain technical problems exist in developing related multiphase coupling calculation, the existing coupling algorithm is unreliable in inversion of the local water body pressure and soil body contour development process, and the obtained surge evolution amplitude and soil body contour development track have larger errors. Therefore, the existing numerical simulation method cannot accurately simulate the whole process of landslide surge of the soil body.
The invention comprises the following steps:
The invention aims to provide a gridless simulation method, a gridless simulation device and a gridless simulation medium for calculating landslide surge of a soil body, and the gridless simulation method, the gridless simulation device and the gridless simulation medium can solve the technical problem that the existing numerical simulation method can not accurately simulate the whole process of landslide surge of the soil body.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following scheme:
the invention designs a gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of a soil body, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, accurately modeling a researched engineering area, and determining landslide and water body shape characteristics of a site;
Step 2, discretizing the calculation region, and carrying out secondary correction on irregular soil body and water body boundary particles to determine relevant material characteristic parameters required by calculation;
Step 3, calculating the stress of the landslide unsteady soil body area, selecting a proper discrete element contact model and a discrete element scale on the premise of ensuring landslide simulation accuracy, and calculating by adopting a discrete element method to obtain the acceleration of each area of the landslide body;
step 4, simulating and calculating the water body and the surge by adopting a smooth particle dynamics method, dispersing a river channel water body area into a series of fluid particles, and calculating by using a Navier-Stokes equation in an integral format to ensure that the fluid particle size is close to a discrete element;
And 5, calculating normal coupling force between the soil body and the water body, wherein the calculation process is developed by referring to an optimized full-analysis format algorithm, and the normal coupling acceleration calculation is performed based on the following formula:
Wherein Du i/Dt represents the coupling acceleration, i represents the discrete particles i, j represents the discrete particles j, u i represents the calculated particle i velocity, t is time, p i and p j are the fluid pressures of particles i and j, respectively (the soil mass particle pressure calculation reference formula (3) in the coupling calculation process), ρ i is the density of particle i, W is the kernel function, In the displacement partial differential form of the kernel function, W ij represents the kernel function value under the relative position of particles i and j, V j is the volume of the particle j, mu i and mu j are the viscosity coefficients of the particles i and j respectively, r ij is the distance between the particles i and j, h is the smooth length, g is the gravity acceleration, the value of-9.81 m/s 2,γ＝7,c0 is the artificial sound velocity, rho 0χ is the reference density of X, F coupling is the coupling force, m i is the mass of the particle i, gamma is the particle set which has the coupling effect with the particle i, and the tangential coupling force calculation process between soil and water refers to the discrete format of a non-analytic empirical formula;
And step 6, calculating the combined acceleration of each particle in the discrete calculation domain, updating the speed and the position in a single time step, storing the target moment data, and repeating the steps 1-3 until the calculation duration requirement is met.
And 7, reading the derived data, performing visualization processing, and performing subsequent image analysis meeting calculation requirements.
Preferably, the gridless simulation method for calculating the landslide and the surge of the soil body can be characterized in that in the step 2, the dispersion of the landslide and the water body can be realized by means of the existing pretreatment tool, a series of coordinate nodes with similar distances and even distribution are generated, so that the actual contours of the landslide and the water body are represented, and initial conditions are provided for subsequent calculation.
Preferably, the gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body provided by the invention can be further characterized in that in the step 3, the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 3.1, setting a series of discrete nodes in a soil body area as discrete element (DISCRETE ELEMENT Method, DEM) particles, wherein the radius is 0.5 times of the distance of the discrete nodes, and acquiring a macroscopic soil body deformation process by calculating the stress accumulated microscopic displacement of the particles;
and 3.2, calculating a contact force between the discrete particles according to the following formula:
Fn＝knδnn+Fndamp (4)
In the formula F t＝max|(Ft)T-Δt+ktδt+Ftdamp,μ||Fn, F n is normal contact force, F t is tangential contact force, delta n is normal overlap vector among particles, n is the direction of connecting line of circle centers of two particles, delta t is tangential overlap vector among particles, delta t is relative displacement between contact positions in a single time step, F ndamp and F tdamp respectively represent normal and tangential damping force, (F t)T-Δt is tangential contact force born by a particle contact surface at the end of the last time step, mu is dynamic friction coefficient among particles, a smaller value of dynamic friction coefficient of the two is taken, k n and k t are normal rigidity and tangential rigidity of a contact interface respectively, and Hertz-Mindlin contact model is calculated and selected:
Wherein ：G*＝0.5(Gi+Gj),R*＝2RiRj/(Ri+Rj),v*＝0.5(vi+vj),i and j respectively represent particles i and j, G is shear modulus, G i and G j respectively represent shear modulus of particles i and j, R is particle radius, R i and R j respectively represent particle radius of particles i and j, v is Poisson's ratio, v i and v j respectively represent Poisson's ratio of particles i and j, and s overlap represents contact overlapping distance of particles i and particles j;
Step 3.3, calculating the resultant force of the contact of the single particles, wherein the formula is as follows:
Wherein F n total,i is the normal resultant force of contact of single particles, F t total,i is the tangential resultant force of contact of single particles, F n,ij is the normal contact force between particles i and j, F t,ij is the tangential contact force between particles i and j, and N represents the particle set in contact with particles i.
Preferably, the gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body provided by the invention can be further characterized in that in the step 4, the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
Step 4.1, a water discrete method selects a smooth particle fluid dynamics (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, SPH) method, a series of discrete nodes positioned in a water region are set as SPH particles, the radius is the distance between the discrete nodes, and the macroscopic water evolution process is obtained by calculating the stress accumulated microscopic displacement of the particles;
Step 4.2, calculating the stress of the fluid particles by referring to the following formula:
Wherein Dρ i/Dt is the density gradient of particle i, du i/Dt is the coupling acceleration of particle i, ρ i and ρ j are the densities of particles i and j, respectively, t is time, u j and u i are the velocity vectors of particles j and i, respectively, In order to ensure that the fluid weak pressure assumption is made, the density change gradient of SPH particles needs to be less than 1%, so that the value of C 0 needs to be not less than 10 times of the maximum speed of a flow field, r i and r j are displacement vectors of particles i and j respectively, ρ 0 is a reference density (20 ℃ under a standard atmospheric pressure, the water density value is 1000kg/m 3),uij is the velocity vector difference of particles i and j, delta is a density diffusion term, mu is a viscosity coefficient, gamma= 7,g is a gravitational acceleration, and-9.81 m/s 2, W is a kernel function, and the format is that:
Wherein q= |r i-rj||/h,αdim is a parameter related to a calculation dimension, 7/(4pi h 2) is taken under a two-dimensional working condition, 21/(16pi h 3) is taken under a three-dimensional working condition, 1.5-2 times of initial particle spacing is generally taken under the two-dimensional working condition, 1.5 times of particle spacing is taken under the three-dimensional working condition, and the calculation precision can be ensured;
step 4.3, calculating the internal force of the single fluid particle according to the following formula:
where u i is the calculated single particle velocity vector.
Preferably, the gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body provided by the invention can be further characterized in that in the step 5, the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 5.1, carrying out coupled interface solid-liquid phase particle retrieval, carrying out attribute correction on solid-phase particles in the influence domain of fluid particles, and endowing the solid-phase particles with the same density fluid SPH particle characteristics;
Step 5.2, calculating the coupling force between the soil body and the water body, and respectively calculating the normal and tangential calculation forces among particles according to different analysis formats, wherein the normal force calculation refers to a full analysis format algorithm, and the specific calculation is shown in a formula (1) to a formula (3);
And 5.3, the tangential force calculation formula is in a non-analytic empirical format, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein i and k respectively represent fluid particles i and soil particles k, For the tangential force to which the particles k are subjected,For the tangential force to which particle i is subjected, V i and V j are the volumes of particles i and j, respectively, m i is the mass of fluid particle i, p i is the fluid particle pressure, W is the kernel function, εk is the local porosity of particle k, uk is the average velocity of particle k,For the average velocity of fluid particles around particle k after interpolation, Ω and Ω' each represent the particle set that acts with the target particle, and W ik and W jk represent the values of the kernel function at the relative positions of particles i, k and j, k, respectively, η being the inter-phase momentum transfer coefficient, which is related to the local average porosity and relative velocity:
Wherein mu f is the fluid viscosity coefficient (20 ℃ C., under a standard atmospheric pressure condition, water is taken to be 1.0X10: 10 -3Pa·s),Rk as DEM particle radius, rho f is fluid density (under a standard working condition, water is taken to be 1.0X10: 10 3kg/m3),Cd as resistance coefficient, more calculation details are as follows:
Where ε k is the local porosity of particle k, ε i is the local porosity of particle i, W ik is the kernel function value at the relative position of particle i and k, V k is the volume of particle k, m i is the mass of fluid particle i, R k is the DEM particle radius, and Re k is the flow field Reynolds number near the particle.
Preferably, the gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body provided by the invention can be further characterized in that in the step 6, the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 6.1, carrying out the update of the prediction step and the correction step in a single time step:
Wherein: is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2), For the velocity vector of particle i after step (n), deltat is the time step,Is the acceleration vector of particle i after step (n),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the angular acceleration vector of particle i after step (n),For the rotation angle of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the corner of particle i after step (n),For the density of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the density of particle i after step (n),A gradient of density change of the particles i after the (n) th step,Is the displacement vector of the particle i after the (n+1/2) th step, r i n is the displacement vector of the particle i after the (n) th step,Is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the fluid pressure after the (n+1/2) th step,Calculating a format reference formula (12) for the density after the (n+1/2) th step, f being a proportionality coefficient;
Wherein, the formula (23) is a simplified expression of a state equation, and parameters such as a speed u, an angular speed omega, an angular displacement theta, a density rho, a linear displacement r, a fluid pressure p and the like of the (n+1/2) th step can be obtained after the prediction step, and the parameters are used for calculating a continuity equation and a momentum equation of the SPH and the DEM so as to obtain parameters such as an acceleration a i n+1/2, a density gradient (Drho/Dt) i n+1/2 and the like of the (n+1/2) th step, so as to prepare for the next correction;
step 6.2, correction:
Wherein: is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2), For the velocity vector of particle i after step (n), deltat is the time step,Is the acceleration vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the angular acceleration vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the rotation angle of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the corner of particle i after step (n),For the density of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the density of particle i after step (n),Is the gradient of the density change of the particles i after the (n+1/2) th step,The displacement vector of the particle i after the (n+1/2) th step, and r i 2 is the displacement vector of the particle i after the (n) th step;
step 6.3, parameter updating:
p n+1＝f(ρn+1) (27) formula: Is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1), Is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the rotation angle of the particle i after the (n+1) th step,For the rotation angle of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the corner of particle i after step (n),For the density of particle i after step (n + 1),For the density of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the density of particle i after step (n), r i n+1 is the displacement vector of particle i after step (n+1),For the displacement vector of the particle i after the (n+1/2) th step, r i n is the displacement vector of the particle i after the (n) th step, p n+1 is the fluid pressure after the (n+1) th step, ρ n+1 is the density after the (n+1) th step, and f is the proportionality coefficient, calculating the format reference formula (12);
In the DEM-SPH framework, the time steps of the two modules remain identical and are determined according to the following equation (28):
Wherein Δt is single-step duration, Δt DEM is single-step duration of DEM particles, Δt SPH is single-step duration of SPH particles, m i is mass of discrete element i of the particles, k ni is maximum contact stiffness of discrete element i, h i is smooth length of SPH particles, v is fluid motion viscosity coefficient, a i is particle acceleration, c 0 is artificial sound velocity, and u max is maximum flow velocity of flow field.
Preferably, the gridless simulation method for calculating landslide and surge of the soil body can be characterized in that in the step 6, the soil body and the water body frames in the whole simulation method are calculated independently, and the coupling force calculated in the step 5 is added into the two frames at each time step as an additional item. In the whole, the coupling model is a semi-analytic model, the buoyancy calculation is directly solved by adopting a multiphase flow model, and the drag calculation is based on a non-analytic empirical formula.
In step 7, the process of deriving data can be realized by means of the existing open-source post-processing software, and the subsequent analysis research is carried out in specific local, plane, three-dimensional, animation and other forms, so that the model update is visualized.
The invention also designs a gridless simulation device for calculating landslide surge of soil mass, which can automatically realize the method, and comprises the following steps:
The modeling module is used for accurately modeling the researched engineering area and determining landslide and water body shape characteristics of the site;
The pretreatment module is used for carrying out discretization treatment on the calculation area, carrying out secondary correction on irregular soil body and water body boundary particles, and determining relevant material characteristic parameters required by calculation;
the soil landslide simulation module calculates the stress of the landslide unsteady soil body area, selects a proper discrete element contact model and a discrete element scale on the premise of ensuring landslide simulation precision, and calculates by adopting a discrete element method to obtain the acceleration of each area of the landslide body;
the surge simulation module adopts a smooth particle dynamics method to simulate and calculate the water body and the surge, the river water body area is discretized into a series of fluid particles, and the calculation is carried out through a Navier-Stokes equation in an integral format, so that the fluid particle size is ensured to be close to the discrete element;
The landslide and surge coupling calculation module is used for calculating normal coupling force between soil and water, the calculation process is developed by referring to an optimized full-analysis format algorithm, and normal coupling acceleration calculation is carried out based on the following formula:
Where Du i/Dt represents the coupled acceleration of particle i, i represents discrete particle i, j represents discrete particle j, u i represents the calculated particle i velocity, t is time, p i and p j are the fluid pressures of particles i and j, respectively, ρ i is the density of particle i, W is the kernel function, In the form of partial differential displacement of the kernel function, W ij represents the value of the kernel function at the relative position of the particles i and j, V j is the volume of the particle j, mu i and mu j are viscosity coefficients of the particles i and j respectively, r ij is the distance between the particles i and j, h is the smooth length, g is the gravitational acceleration, the value of-9.81 m/s 2,γ＝7,c0 is the artificial sound velocity, ρ 0χ is the reference density of the phase χ, F coupling is the coupling force, m i is the mass of the particle i, and Γ is the particle set which has a coupling effect with the particle i;
The time step updating module calculates the combined acceleration of each particle in the discrete calculation domain, updates the speed and the position in a single time step and stores the data of the target moment, and repeats the steps 1-3 until the calculation duration requirement is met;
the post-processing module reads the derived data, performs visual processing and performs subsequent image analysis meeting the calculation requirement;
the control module is in communication connection with the modeling module, the preprocessing module, the soil landslide simulation module, the surge simulation module, the landslide surge coupling calculation module, the time step updating module and the post-processing module, and controls the operation of the modeling module, the pre-processing module, the soil landslide simulation module, the surge simulation module, the landslide surge coupling calculation module, the time step updating module and the post-processing module.
Preferably, the gridless simulation device for calculating landslide and surge of the soil body can be characterized by carrying out generalized modeling on actual engineering, dividing key research areas, generating a numerical model in an STL format or a DXF format, guiding the numerical model into preprocessing software for gridding division, generating node coordinates and guiding the node coordinates into a subsequent calculation module.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The gridless simulation method, device and medium for calculating the landslide surge solve the problem of inaccurate inversion of the local water pressure and the soil contour development process of the coupling interface, can effectively represent the biphase coupling effect between the landslide body and the water body, and accurately simulate the induction propagation process of the landslide surge. The pressure distribution of the coupling interface can be reasonably simulated, the non-physical high-pressure gap is eliminated, the large deformation movement process and the surge propagation process of the soil body can be accurately predicted, the local water body impact rolling flow state can be accurately inverted, and the visual analysis material is provided. The gridless simulation device for calculating the landslide surge of the soil body can accurately simulate various working conditions such as rapid and slow landslide surge and the like, is applied to relevant research and analysis in a typical section and an area, and provides guidance for clear soil body landslide surge evolution law and surge disaster prevention. Therefore, the invention can accurately simulate the whole process of landslide surge of the soil body.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the gridless simulation method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a landslide body, a water body and a topography according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a particle search method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of particle contact search according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the result of modeling the contour of a body of water and a landslide according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the change in surge height at the wave height meter in condition 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of the change in surge height at the wave height meter in condition 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects achieved by the invention more clear, the technical scheme of the invention is further described below by specific embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the drawings related to the present invention are shown.
The discrete element (DISCRETE ELEMENT Method, DEM) Method and the smooth particle fluid dynamics (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, SPH) Method are suitable for the research of the mechanical properties of soil and water body because of no grid dependency property, and the DEM-SPH coupling frame is also gradually applied to the landslide surge simulation field.
The invention relates to a gridless simulation method, a gridless simulation device and a gridless simulation medium for calculating landslide surge of a soil body, which are based on a soil body-water body solid-liquid coupling algorithm, can effectively represent the biphase coupling effect between a landslide body and a water body, and accurately simulate the landslide surge induction propagation process of the soil body. The invention can solve the technical problem that the existing numerical simulation method can not accurately simulate the whole landslide surge process of the soil body.
The invention relates to a gridless simulation method, a gridless simulation device and a gridless simulation medium for calculating landslide surge of a soil body, which are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
< Example >
As shown in FIG. 1, the gridless simulation method, device and medium for calculating landslide and surge of soil body according to the embodiment include the following implementation steps (step I corresponds to step 1 of the "summary of the invention" part, steps II-III correspond to step 2 of the "summary of the invention" part, steps IV-VI correspond to steps 3-5 of the "summary of the invention" part, steps VIII-IX correspond to steps 6-7 of the "summary of the invention" part, and details of the "summary of the invention" part are not described again).
Step I, determining a research scale as three dimensions, determining a research area, as shown in fig. 2, and carrying out numerical modeling on the area by using common modeling software SolidWorks;
And II, selecting a proper size to carry out grid division on the numerical model, ensuring uniform distribution of grid nodes in the area, deriving grid node coordinates after the division is successful, assigning 1 to node retrieval attributes in the landslide body and 2 to node coordinate retrieval attributes in the water body, and assigning different particle material parameters according to landslide body parameters and water body parameters to finish a pretreatment stage, wherein the particle parameter assignment is shown in a table 1.
Table 1 three-dimensional soil landslide surge calculation parameter values
And III, carrying out pairing search on the particles with different attributes, judging whether the particles with the attributes being 1 are contacted with the particles with the same attributes, and judging whether the particles with the attributes being 2 are in the range of the influence domain of the smooth kernel function. Both types of particle retrieval methods select a linked list retrieval method, and all paired particle pairs in the full computing domain are stored. The principle and flow diagram of the linked list retrieval method are shown in fig. 3 and 4, background grids are arranged in a calculation domain, grids where all particles are located are numbered, the grid size with the attribute value of 1 is DEM particle diameter, and the grid size with the attribute value of 2 is kernel function radius. After the processing is carried out by the method, only 26 grids near the target grid need to be searched for possible action particles under the three-dimensional working condition, and then whether the particles in the nearby range have actual action with the target unit is further searched for.
And IV, filtering particle pairs with attribute assignment of 1, and calculating internal force of soil particles, wherein the calculation process refers to a formula (4) to a formula (9), and the total force of the internal force born by DEM particles is updated in a traversing way.
And V, filtering particle pairs with attribute assignment of 2, and calculating internal force of the water body, wherein the calculation process refers to a formula (10) to a formula (14), and the total force of the internal force born by the SPH particles is traversed and updated.
And VI, filtering particle pairs with attribute assignment of 1 and 2 respectively, performing coupling calculation between soil and water, referring to a formula (15) to a formula (22) in the calculation process, storing the calculated coupling force in an additional force form, and calculating the resultant force of particles in the whole calculation domain.
And VII, updating motion parameters such as acceleration, speed, displacement and the like of the whole calculation domain, wherein in the calculation process, the time step parameter updating of the soil landslide, the water body surge and the coupling calculation module are simultaneously carried out, and the integration format is a prediction-correction method.
And step VIII, according to the output time interval and the target parameter required by the calculation of the subsequent analysis, a series of dat format files are derived in the calculation process until the calculation is finished.
Step IX, importing post-processing software to perform visualization processing, as can be seen in FIGS. 5 to 7, by analyzing the flow pattern, landslide body track and along-path surge height values, the accuracy of the proposed method and apparatus can be verified. Fig. 5 is a flow state and landslide mass contour simulation result diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 and fig. 7 are graphs of the results of the change in surge heights at three wave height meters in two sets of working conditions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes disclosed in the present invention is an example of exemplary approaches. Based on design preferences, it is understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the processes may be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in a sample order, and are not meant to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.
In summary, the invention provides a gridless simulation method, a gridless simulation device and a gridless simulation medium for calculating landslide surge of a soil body, which can accurately simulate the fluid-solid coupling effect between the soil body and the water body, accurately simulate the pressure distribution of a coupling interface, solve the problem of inaccurate inversion of the local water body pressure and the soil body contour development process of the coupling interface, reasonably simulate the pressure distribution of the coupling interface, eliminate non-physical high-pressure gaps, accurately predict the large deformation movement process and the surge propagation process of the soil body, and accurately invert the local water body impact rolling flow state, and select the selected initial parameters to obtain through field investigation and laboratory experiments, has lower calculation cost, and can provide a reliable numerical calculation means for soil body landslide surge disaster assessment and embankment design.
The invention also provides a gridless simulation device for calculating the landslide surge of the soil body, the device capable of automatically realizing the method comprises a modeling module, a preprocessing module, a soil landslide simulation module, a surge simulation module, a landslide surge coupling calculation module, a time step updating module, a post-processing module and a control module.
And the modeling module is used for executing the content described in the step I, accurately modeling the researched engineering area, determining landslide and water body shape characteristics of the field, and determining and calculating relevant material characteristic parameters.
And the preprocessing module executes the contents described in the steps II-III, discretizes the calculation area and secondarily corrects irregular soil and water boundary particles.
And (3) a soil landslide simulation module, executing the content described in the step IV, calculating the stress of the landslide unstably soil body region, selecting a proper discrete element contact model and a discrete element scale on the premise of ensuring the landslide simulation precision, and calculating by adopting a discrete element method to obtain the acceleration of each region of the landslide body.
And C, a surge simulation module is used for executing the content described in the step V, a smooth particle dynamics method is adopted for simulating and calculating the water body and the surge, the river water body area is discretized into a series of fluid particles, and the calculation is carried out through a Navier-Stokes equation in an integral format, so that the fluid particle size is ensured to be close to the discrete element.
And (3) a landslide and surge coupling calculation module, which executes the content described in the step VI, calculates the normal coupling force between the soil body and the water body, and performs the calculation process by referring to an optimized full-analysis format algorithm.
And the time step updating module is used for executing the contents described in the steps VII-VIII, calculating the total acceleration of each particle in the discrete calculation domain, updating the speed and the position in a single time step, storing the target moment data, and repeating the updating process of the module until the calculation duration requirement is met.
And the post-processing module is used for executing the content described in the step IX, reading the derived data, performing visual processing and performing subsequent image analysis meeting the calculation requirements.
The control module is in communication connection with the modeling module, the preprocessing module, the soil landslide simulation module, the surge simulation module, the landslide surge coupling calculation module, the time step updating module and the post-processing module, and controls the operation of the modeling module, the pre-processing module, the soil landslide simulation module, the surge simulation module, the landslide surge coupling calculation module, the time step updating module and the post-processing module.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program realizes the steps in the gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body when being executed by a processor.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-readable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein. The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention. The gridless simulation method, device and medium for calculating landslide surge of soil body according to the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, but the scope of the invention is defined by the claims. Any modifications, additions or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on this embodiment are within the scope of the invention as claimed in the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body is characterized by comprising the following steps,
Step 1, modeling a researched engineering area, and determining the shape characteristics of soil landslide and water body of a site;
step 2, discretizing the calculation area, correcting irregular soil landslide and water boundary particles, and determining relevant material characteristic parameters required by calculation;
Step 3, calculating the stress of the landslide unsteady soil body area, selecting a proper discrete element contact model and a discrete element scale, and calculating the contact force between the particle discrete elements by adopting a discrete element method to obtain the acceleration of each area of the landslide body;
step 4, simulating and calculating the whole water body and the surge by adopting a smooth particle dynamics method, wherein the river water body area is discretized into a series of fluid particles for ensuring that the fluid particle size is close to the discrete element;
Step 5, calculating the coupling acceleration and the coupling force between the soil body and the water body based on the following formula,
Where Du i/Dt represents the coupled acceleration of particle i, i represents discrete particle i, j represents discrete particle j, u i represents the calculated particle i velocity, t is time, p i and p j are the fluid pressures of particles i and j, respectively, ρ i is the density of particle i, W is the kernel function,In the form of partial differential displacement of the kernel function, W ij represents the value of the kernel function at the relative position of the particles i and j, V j is the volume of the particles, mu i and mu j are the viscosity coefficients of the particles i and j respectively, r ij is the distance between the particles i and j, h is the smooth length, g is the gravitational acceleration, the value of-9.81 m/s 2,γ＝7,c0 is the artificial sound velocity, ρ 0χ is the reference density of the phase χ, F coupling is the coupling force, m i is the mass of the particles i, and Γ is the particle set which has a coupling effect with the particles i;
Step 6, calculating the combined acceleration of each particle in the discrete calculation domain, updating the speed and the position in a single time step, storing the target moment data, and repeating the steps until the calculation duration requirement is met;
and 7, reading the derived data, performing visualization processing, and performing subsequent image analysis meeting calculation requirements.
2. The gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1, setting a series of discrete nodes in a soil body area as discrete element (DISCRETE ELEMENT Method, DEM) particles, wherein the radius is 0.5 times of the distance of the discrete nodes, and acquiring a macroscopic soil body deformation process by calculating the stress accumulated microscopic displacement of the particles;
and 3.2, calculating a contact force between the discrete particles according to the following formula:
Fn＝knδnn+Fndamp (4)
Ft＝max[(Ft)T-Δt+ktδt+Ftdamp,μ||Fn||] (5)
Wherein F n is normal contact force, F t is tangential contact force, delta n is normal overlap vector among particles, n is the direction of connecting line of centers of two particles, delta t is tangential overlap vector among particles, delta t is relative displacement between contact positions in a single time step, F ndamp and F tdamp respectively represent normal and tangential damping forces, (F t)t-Δt is tangential contact force born by a particle contact surface at the end of the last time step, mu is dynamic friction coefficient among particles, smaller values of dynamic friction coefficients of the two are taken, k n and k t are normal rigidity and tangential rigidity of a contact interface respectively, and Hertz-Mindlin contact model is calculated and selected:
Wherein ：G*＝0.5(Gi+Gj),R*＝2RiRj/(Ri+Rj),v*＝0.5(vi+vj),i and j respectively represent particles i and j, G is shear modulus, G i and G j respectively represent shear modulus of particles i and j, R is particle radius, R i and R j respectively represent particle radius of particles i and j, v is Poisson's ratio, v i and v j respectively represent Poisson's ratio of particles i and j, and s overlap represents contact overlapping distance of particles i and particles j;
Step 3.3, calculating the resultant force of the contact of the single particles, wherein the formula is as follows:
Wherein F n total,i is the normal resultant force of contact of single particles, F t total,i is the tangential resultant force of contact of single particles, F n,ij is the normal contact force between particles i and j, F t,ij is the tangential contact force between particles i and j, and N represents the particle set in contact with particles i.
3. The gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
Step 4.1, a water discrete method selects a smooth particle fluid dynamics (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, SPH) method, a series of discrete nodes positioned in a water region are set as SPH particles, the radius is the distance between the discrete nodes, and the macroscopic water evolution process is obtained by calculating the stress accumulated microscopic displacement of the particles;
Step 4.2, calculating the stress of the fluid particles by referring to the following formula:
Wherein Dρ i/Dt is the density gradient of particle i, du i/Dt is the coupling acceleration of particle i, ρ i and ρ j are the densities of particles i and j, respectively, t is time, u j and u i are the velocity vectors of particles j and i, respectively, In the form of partial differential displacement of the kernel function, W ij represents the kernel function value at the relative position of the particles i and j, m j is the mass of the particle j, p i and p j are the fluid pressure of the particles i and j, respectively, C 0 is the artificial sound velocity, the SPH particle density change gradient is less than 1%, so that the value of C 0 is not less than 10 times the maximum speed of the flow field, r i and r j are the displacement vectors of the particles i and j, respectively, ρ 0 is the reference density (20 ℃ under a standard atmospheric pressure, the water density value is 1000kg/m 3),uij is the velocity vector difference of the particles i and j, δ is the density diffusion term, μ is the viscosity coefficient, γ= 7,g is the gravitational acceleration, and-9.81 m/s 2, W is the kernel function, W ij＝W(ri-rj, h), and the format is:
Wherein q= |r i-rj||/h,αdim is a parameter related to a calculation dimension, 7/(4pi h 2) is taken under a two-dimensional working condition, 21/(16pi h 3) is taken under a three-dimensional working condition, 1.5-2 times of initial particle spacing is generally taken under the two-dimensional working condition, 1.5 times of particle spacing is taken under the three-dimensional working condition, and the calculation precision can be ensured;
step 4.3, calculating the internal force of the single fluid particle according to the following formula:
where u i is the calculated single particle velocity vector.
4. The gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 5.1, carrying out coupled interface solid-liquid phase particle retrieval, carrying out attribute correction on solid-phase particles in the influence domain of fluid particles, and endowing the solid-phase particles with the same density fluid SPH particle characteristics;
Step 5.2, calculating the coupling force between the soil body and the water body, and respectively calculating the normal and tangential calculation forces among particles according to different analysis formats, wherein the normal force calculation refers to a full analysis format algorithm, and the specific calculation is shown in a formula (1) to a formula (3);
And 5.3, the tangential force calculation formula is in a non-analytic empirical format, and the specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein i and k respectively represent fluid particles i and soil particles k, F i d is the tangential force to which particle k is subjected, V i and V j are the volumes of particles i and j, respectively, m i is the mass of fluid particle i, p i is the fluid particle pressure, W is the kernel function, ε k is the local porosity of particle k, u k is the average velocity of particle k,For the average velocity of fluid particles around particle k after interpolation, Ω and Ω' each represent the particle set that acts with the target particle, and W ik and W jk represent the values of the kernel function at the relative positions of particles i, k and j, k, respectively, η being the inter-phase momentum transfer coefficient, which is related to the local average porosity and relative velocity:
Wherein mu f is the fluid viscosity coefficient (20 ℃ C., under a standard atmospheric pressure condition, water is taken to be 1.0X10: 10 -3Pa·s),Rk as DEM particle radius, rho f is fluid density (under a standard working condition, water is taken to be 1.0X10: 10 3kg/m3),Cd as resistance coefficient, more calculation details are as follows:
Where ε k is the local porosity of particle k, ε i is the local porosity of particle i, W ik is the kernel function value at the relative position of particle i and k, V k is the volume of particle k, m i is the mass of fluid particle i, R k is the DEM particle radius, and Re k is the flow field Reynolds number near the particle.
5. The gridless simulation method for calculating landslide surge of soil body according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6, the method specifically comprises the following substeps:
step 6.1, carrying out the update of the prediction step and the correction step in a single time step:
Wherein: is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2), For the velocity vector of particle i after step (n), deltat is the time step,Is the acceleration vector of particle i after step (n),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the angular acceleration vector of particle i after step (n),For the rotation angle of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the corner of particle i after step (n),For the density of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the density of particle i after step (n),A gradient of density change of the particles i after the (n) th step,Is the displacement vector of the particle i after the (n+1/2) th step, r in is the displacement vector of the particle i after the (n) th step,Is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the fluid pressure after the (n+1/2) th step,The density after the (n+1/2) th step is given, and f is a proportionality coefficient;
Wherein, the formula (23) is a simplified expression of a state equation, and parameters such as a speed u, an angular speed omega, an angular displacement theta, a density rho, a linear displacement r, a fluid pressure p and the like of the (n+1/2) th step can be obtained after the prediction step, and the parameters are used for calculating a continuity equation and a momentum equation of the SPH and the DEM so as to obtain parameters such as an acceleration a i n+1/2, a density gradient (Drho/Dt) i n+1/2 and the like of the (n+1/2) th step, so as to prepare for the next correction;
step 6.2, correction:
Wherein: is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2), For the velocity vector of particle i after step (n), deltat is the time step,Is the acceleration vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the angular acceleration vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the rotation angle of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the corner of particle i after step (n),For the density of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the density of particle i after step (n),Is the gradient of the density change of the particles i after the (n+1/2) th step,The displacement vector of the particle i after the (n+1/2) th step, and r i n is the displacement vector of the particle i after the (n) th step;
step 6.3, parameter updating:
p n+1＝f(ρn+1) (27) formula: Is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1), Is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n + 1/2),Is the angular velocity vector of particle i after step (n),Is the rotation angle of the particle i after the (n+1) th step,For the rotation angle of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the corner of particle i after step (n),For the density of particle i after step (n + 1),For the density of particle i after step (n + 1/2),For the density of particle i after step (n), r i n+1 is the displacement vector of particle i after step (n+1),Is particle, displacement vector after the (n+1/2) th step,P n+1 is the fluid pressure after the (n+1) th step, ρ n+1 is the density after the (n+1) th step, and f is the proportionality coefficient;
In the DEM-SPH framework, the time steps of the two modules remain identical and are determined according to the following equation (28):
Wherein Δt is single-step duration, Δt DEM is single-step duration of DEM particles, Δt SPH is single-step duration of SPH particles, m i is mass of discrete element i of the particles, k ni is maximum contact stiffness of discrete element i, h i is smooth length of SPH particles, v is fluid motion viscosity coefficient, a i is particle acceleration, c 0 is artificial sound velocity, and u max is maximum flow velocity of flow field.
6. A gridless simulation device for calculating landslide surge of soil body is characterized by comprising the following modules,
The modeling module is used for modeling the researched engineering area and determining the soil landslide and water body shape characteristics of the site;
The pretreatment module is used for carrying out discretization treatment on the calculation area, correcting irregular soil landslide and water boundary particles and determining relevant material characteristic parameters required by calculation;
The soil landslide simulation module is used for calculating the stress of a landslide unsteady soil body area, selecting a proper discrete element contact model and a discrete element scale, and calculating the contact force between the particle discrete elements by adopting a discrete element method to obtain the acceleration of each area of the landslide body;
The surge simulation module is used for simulating and calculating the whole water body and surge by adopting a smooth particle dynamics method, and the river water body area is discretized into a series of fluid particles for ensuring that the fluid particle size is close to the discrete element;
A landslide surge coupling calculation module for calculating the coupling acceleration and coupling force between soil and water based on the following formula,
Where Du i/Dt represents the coupled acceleration of particle i, i represents discrete particle i, j represents discrete particle j, u i represents the calculated particle i velocity, t is time, p i and p j are the fluid pressures of particles i and j, respectively, ρ i is the density of particle i, W is the kernel function,In the form of partial differential displacement of the kernel function, W ij represents the value of the kernel function at the relative position of the particles i and j, V j is the volume of the particles, mu i and mu j are the viscosity coefficients of the particles i and j respectively, r ij is the distance between the particles i and j, h is the smooth length, g is the gravitational acceleration, the value of-9.81 m/s 2,γ＝7,c0 is the artificial sound velocity, ρ 0χ is the reference density of the phase χ, F coupling is the coupling force, m i is the mass of the particles i, and Γ is the particle set which has a coupling effect with the particles i;
The time step updating module is used for calculating the combined acceleration of each particle in the discrete calculation domain, updating the speed and the position in a single time step and storing the data of the target moment until the requirement of calculating the time length is met;
and the post-processing module is used for reading the derived data, performing visual processing and performing subsequent image analysis meeting the calculation requirement.
7. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of a gridless simulation method of calculating landslide swells of a soil body according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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