CN119844047A - Horizontal well level-separation pressure-drive exploitation method - Google Patents
Horizontal well level-separation pressure-drive exploitation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN119844047A CN119844047A CN202311339606.3A CN202311339606A CN119844047A CN 119844047 A CN119844047 A CN 119844047A CN 202311339606 A CN202311339606 A CN 202311339606A CN 119844047 A CN119844047 A CN 119844047A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
- E21B43/20—Displacing by water
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/122—Multiple string packers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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Abstract
本发明涉及石油开采方法技术领域，是一种水平井隔级压驱开采方法，该方法包括以下步骤：（1）优选适合目标的油藏；（2）选取在生产一段时间后地层能量不足的水平井，对其进行注水；（3）对水平井的水平段末端进行注水；（4）待末端注水完成后，继续对水平段注水，循环作业直至将连续油管将整个水平段注水完成；注水时依据储层特征及时调节水平井注水参数，形成注采平衡。本发明所述水平井隔级压驱开采方法，不仅考虑了油藏物性、储层岩石脆性等参数对注水吞吐开发的影响，在对注入方式改进的同时，对注入压力、注入量以及焖井时间也进行了优化研究，对于水平井注水吞吐提高采收率具有重要的指导意义。
The present invention relates to the technical field of oil production methods, and is a horizontal well inter-stage pressure-driven production method, which includes the following steps: (1) preferably selecting a suitable oil reservoir; (2) selecting a horizontal well with insufficient formation energy after a period of production, and injecting water into it; (3) injecting water into the end of the horizontal section of the horizontal well; (4) after the end water injection is completed, continue to inject water into the horizontal section, and cycle the operation until the continuous oil pipe injects water into the entire horizontal section; when injecting water, timely adjust the horizontal well water injection parameters according to the reservoir characteristics to form an injection-production balance. The horizontal well inter-stage pressure-driven production method described in the present invention not only takes into account the influence of parameters such as reservoir physical properties and reservoir rock brittleness on water injection throughput development, but also optimizes the injection pressure, injection volume and well soaking time while improving the injection method, which has important guiding significance for improving the recovery rate of horizontal well water injection throughput.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation methods, in particular to a horizontal well spacer level pressure flooding exploitation method.
Background
The water injection huff and puff is a development mode for injecting water and extracting oil from the same well, and is an oil extraction method which is suitable for small oil reservoirs with low natural energy and no energy supplement and needs to improve recovery ratio by injecting water into a production well to restore formation pressure when the formation energy is reduced and the yield is very low, then injecting water and crude oil for replacement by means of imbibition after the well is closed for a certain time, and then producing the crude oil by opening the well. Because of the complex artificial cracks formed after the horizontal well is subjected to multistage fracturing, the effective seepage passage of the reservoir crude oil flowing into the bottom of the well is increased, the area of a seepage area is enlarged, gas injection or water injection is carried out in the adjacent well of the production well, gas channeling or water flooding is easy to cause, and the oil production capacity of the oil well is reduced. The water injection huff and puff is implemented on the fractured horizontal well, the complex fracture net of the horizontal well can be fully relied on, the contact area between the horizontal well and an oil reservoir is enlarged, crude oil is replaced through the imbibition effect of injected water, and the displacement multiple is increased through repeated water injection and well stewing and imbibition oil extraction, so that the crude oil recovery ratio is improved. However, the current horizontal well water injection throughput mainly adopts a general water injection mode, and is faced with reservoirs with strong heterogeneity, particularly reservoirs with large crack development degree difference between horizontal well sections, which easily causes over-injection in a high-permeability section and under-injection in a low-permeability section, so that the water injection throughput development effect of the horizontal well is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a horizontal well interval pressure-driving exploitation method, which overcomes the defects of the prior art, and can effectively solve the problems of over-injection of a high-permeability section and under-injection of a low-permeability section caused by different opening degrees of a horizontal well perforation section of a low-permeability super-low-permeability oil reservoir in the conventional horizontal well water injection throughput.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures that the horizontal well interval pressure driving mining method is carried out according to the following steps:
Step (1), preferably a suitable target reservoir;
Step (2), selecting a horizontal well with insufficient stratum energy after a period of production, and carrying out water injection huff-puff production on the horizontal well to improve the single well recovery ratio;
step (3), a continuous oil pipe with a differential pressure packer at the bottom end is put into the horizontal well, and water is injected into the tail end of the horizontal section of the horizontal well by utilizing the packing function of the differential pressure packer;
Step (4), dragging the continuous oil pipe to the front end of the horizontal well after the end water injection is completed, continuing to inject water to the horizontal section, performing cyclic operation until the continuous oil pipe is used for injecting water to the whole horizontal section, stewing the well after the horizontal section is injected, and continuously producing the horizontal well until the production is finished;
In the steps (3) to (4), water injection parameters of the horizontal well are timely adjusted according to reservoir characteristics during water injection, so that a gas injection and mining balance is formed.
The following are further optimizations and/or improvements to the above-described inventive solution:
Further, in the step (1), coarse screening of oil reservoirs is performed, the thickness of the selected oil layer is more than 10m, the porosity of the oil layer is more than 0.2, the horizontal permeability is more than 5mD, the oil saturation is more than 0.40, a non-continuous argillaceous interlayer is not developed in the oil layer, the viscosity of stratum crude oil is less than 10000 Pa.s, the brittleness index of rock is less than 40%, planar double-wing cracks are mainly formed during fracturing, and oil reservoirs with complex fracture networks are difficult to form.
Further, in the step (2), according to different oil reservoir conditions and different production and development conditions of the horizontal wells, the horizontal well with low single well yield and insufficient stratum energy is selected.
Further, in the steps (3) to (4), the water injection parameters of the horizontal well are adjusted during water injection, the injection pressure is smaller than the extension pressure, the water injection amount is 0.3 to 0.5 times of the pore volume, and meanwhile, the pressure balance is kept, so that the overall injection ratio is controlled.
The water injection pressure is only greater than the closing pressure, so that the original crack can be opened again, and the original crack is smaller than the extension pressure (FPP) to avoid re-manufacturing the crack.
Further, in the step (4), considering the situation of the fracture initiation threshold pressure and the bottom hole pressure drop during the well closing, the comprehensive determination of the soaking time from 25 days to 30 days has better effect.
The horizontal well interval level pressure flooding exploitation method not only considers the influences of parameters such as physical properties of oil reservoirs, rock fragility of reservoirs and the like on water injection huff and puff exploitation, but also optimizes and researches injection pressure, injection quantity and well soaking time while improving injection modes, and has important guiding significance on improving recovery ratio of water injection huff and puff of the horizontal well.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of water injection of a water injection pipe at the bottom end of a horizontal section.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of water injection in the middle of the horizontal section for water injection pipe injection.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of water injection fold versus recovery ratio.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the time to kill versus recovery ratio.
The codes in the drawing are respectively that 1 is a differential pressure packer and 2 is a well-killing sliding sleeve.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments can be determined according to the technical scheme and practical situations of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the tools used are all known and commonly used tools such as differential pressure type packers.
The invention provides a horizontal well interval pressure flooding exploitation method, which not only considers the influence of parameters such as physical properties of oil reservoirs, rock fragility of reservoirs and the like on water injection huff and puff exploitation, but also optimizes and researches injection pressure, injection quantity and well soaking time while improving injection modes, and has important guiding significance on improving recovery ratio of water injection huff and puff of a horizontal well. Compared with the traditional general water injection huff and puff, the method fully considers the influences of parameters such as the heterogeneity of the oil reservoir, the rock brittleness of the reservoir and the like on the water injection huff and puff development of the horizontal well, is more fit with the field reality, has more obvious yield increasing effect, and has lower investment cost and better economic benefit compared with the surfactant and repeated fracturing.
The invention is further described below with reference to examples:
example 1 horizontal well spacer pressure flooding mining method is carried out according to the following steps:
Step (1), preferably a suitable target reservoir;
Step (2), selecting a horizontal well with insufficient stratum energy after a period of production, and carrying out water injection huff-puff production on the horizontal well to improve the single well recovery ratio;
step (3), a continuous oil pipe with a differential pressure packer at the bottom end is put into the horizontal well, and water is injected into the tail end of the horizontal section of the horizontal well by utilizing the packing function of the differential pressure packer;
Step (4), dragging the continuous oil pipe to the front end of the horizontal well after the end water injection is completed, continuing to inject water to the horizontal section, performing cyclic operation until the continuous oil pipe is used for injecting water to the whole horizontal section, stewing the well after the horizontal section is injected, and continuously producing the horizontal well until the production is finished;
In the steps (3) to (4), water injection parameters of the horizontal well are timely adjusted according to reservoir characteristics during water injection, so that a gas injection and mining balance is formed.
In the step (3), the coiled tubing is provided with differential pressure type packers at the bottom, water can be injected between the differential pressure type packers, and a string which cannot be injected externally is shown as figure 1.
In the step (4), after the coiled tubing is lowered into the horizontal well, water injection is started from the tail end of the horizontal well section, after the tail end water injection is completed, the coiled tubing is dragged to the front end, water injection is continued to the horizontal section, and the circulation operation is carried out until the water injection of the whole horizontal section is completed, as shown in fig. 2.
Example 2 As an optimization of the above example, in step (1), a suitable reservoir coarse screening is performed, the selected reservoir thickness is >10m, the reservoir porosity is >0.2, the horizontal permeability is >5mD, the oil saturation is >0.40, a non-continuous argillaceous interlayer is not developed in the reservoir, the formation crude oil viscosity is less than 10000mpa.s, the rock brittleness index is less than 40%, and a planar double-wing seam is mainly formed during fracturing, so that a reservoir with a complex fracture network is difficult to form.
Example 3 As the optimization of the above example, in the step (2), according to different oil reservoir conditions and different production and development conditions of horizontal wells, horizontal wells with low single well production and insufficient formation energy are selected.
Example 4 As the optimization of the above examples, in the steps (3) to (4), the water injection parameters of the horizontal well are adjusted during water injection, the injection pressure is smaller than the extension pressure, the water injection amount is 0.3 to 0.5 times of the pore volume, and meanwhile, the pressure balance is kept, so that the overall mining and injection ratio is controlled.
In the water injection process, the relation between the water injection multiple and the recovery ratio is shown in fig. 3, and the numerical simulation result of fig. 3 shows that the design of the water injection quantity is 0.3 to 0.5 times.
Example 5 As the optimization of the above example, in the step (4), considering the situation of the crack initiation threshold pressure and the bottom hole pressure drop during the well closing, the comprehensive determination of the dead time from 25 days to 30 days is better.
The relation between the time of the well shut-in and the recovery ratio is shown in fig. 4, and the situation of the bottom hole pressure drop during the fracture initiation threshold pressure and the well shut-in is considered, and as can be seen from fig. 4, the comprehensive determination of the time of the well shut-in should be better in 25 days to 30 days.
Description of the preferred embodiments
The embodiment provides a horizontal well interval level pressure flooding exploitation method, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) And (3) carrying out crude oil reservoir screening, wherein the thickness of the selected continuous oil layer is 20m, the porosity of the oil layer is 0.30, the horizontal permeability is 24mD, the oil saturation is 0.72, the continuous mudstone and shale interlayer does not develop in the oil layer, the viscosity of the crude oil of the stratum is 5000 Pa.s, and the brittleness index is 22.1%.
A horizontal well for more than one year is selected in the oil reservoir, the water content is more than 90%, the liquid amount is reduced by 50%, and the oil yield and the liquid yield are both at lower levels.
And (3) filling water into the continuous oil pipe with the differential pressure packer from the bottom end, continuously dragging the continuous oil pipe after the bottom water injection is completed, continuously filling water into the horizontal section until the water injection of the whole horizontal section is completed, simultaneously adjusting water injection parameters according to the characteristics of each section of reservoir, and keeping the whole water injection speed to be 240m 3/d, the water injection pressure to be 9MPa and the wheel water injection quantity to be 6000m 3.
After water injection is completed, the well is closed for 22 days, and after the well is closed, the production is carried out, the cyclic throughput production is carried out, and the overall mining and injection ratio is controlled to be about 1.2 until the end.
Compared with the conventional horizontal well water injection throughput, the peak oil yield is increased from 25t/d to 46t/d, the peak oil recovery speed is increased by 77%, the final recovery ratio is increased by 7.9%, and the oil-gas ratio is increased by 0.02.
According to the embodiment, the horizontal well interval pressure flooding exploitation method can remarkably improve the recovery ratio.
The technical characteristics form the embodiment of the invention, have stronger adaptability and implementation effect, and can increase or decrease unnecessary technical characteristics according to actual needs so as to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (9)
1. The horizontal well interval level pressure flooding exploitation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
Step (1), preferably a suitable target reservoir;
Step (2), selecting a horizontal well with insufficient stratum energy after a period of production, and carrying out water injection huff-puff production on the horizontal well to improve the single well recovery ratio;
step (3), a continuous oil pipe with a differential pressure packer at the bottom end is put into the horizontal well, and water is injected into the tail end of the horizontal section of the horizontal well by utilizing the packing function of the differential pressure packer;
Step (4), dragging the continuous oil pipe to the front end of the horizontal well after the end water injection is completed, continuing to inject water to the horizontal section, performing cyclic operation until the continuous oil pipe is used for injecting water to the whole horizontal section, stewing the well after the horizontal section is injected, and continuously producing the horizontal well until the production is finished;
In the steps (3) to (4), water injection parameters of the horizontal well are timely adjusted according to reservoir characteristics during water injection, so that a gas injection and mining balance is formed.
2. The horizontal well interval-level pressure-flooding exploitation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), coarse screening of oil reservoirs is carried out, the thickness of the selected oil layer is more than 10m, the porosity of the oil layer is more than 0.2, the horizontal permeability is more than 5mD, the oil saturation is more than 0.40, a non-continuous argillaceous interlayer is not developed in the oil layer, the viscosity of crude oil in a stratum is less than 10000mpa.s, the brittleness index of rock is less than 40%, and the oil reservoirs with planar double-wing cracks mainly are formed in fracturing, so that a complex fracture network is difficult to form.
3. The method for producing the horizontal well by the pressure-driving method according to the claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (2), according to different oil reservoir conditions and production and development conditions of different horizontal wells, the horizontal well with low single well yield and insufficient stratum energy is selected.
4. The method of horizontal well interval pressure flooding exploitation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step (3) to step (4), the water injection parameters of the horizontal well are adjusted during water injection, the injection pressure is smaller than the extension pressure, the water injection amount is 0.3 to 0.5 times of pore volume, and meanwhile, the pressure balance is kept, and the overall exploitation ratio is controlled.
5. The method of horizontal well interval pressure flooding exploitation according to claim 3, wherein in step (3) to step (4), the water injection parameters of the horizontal well are adjusted during water injection, the injection pressure is smaller than the extension pressure, the water injection amount is 0.3 to 0.5 times of pore volume, and meanwhile, the pressure balance is kept, and the overall exploitation ratio is controlled.
6. The horizontal well interval pressure flooding mining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (4), the soaking time is comprehensively determined to be 25 days to 30 days in consideration of the fracture initiation threshold pressure and the bottom hole pressure drop during the well closing.
7. The horizontal well interval pressure flooding extraction method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (4), the soaking time is comprehensively determined to be 25 days to 30 days in consideration of the fracture initiation threshold pressure and the bottom hole pressure drop during the well closing.
8. The method of horizontal well interval pressure flooding mining according to claim 4, wherein in step (4), the time to soak the well is comprehensively determined to be 25 days to 30 days in consideration of the fracture initiation threshold pressure and the bottom hole pressure drop during well shut-in.
9. The method of horizontal well interval pressure flooding mining according to claim 5, wherein in step (4), the time to soak the well is determined comprehensively from 25 days to 30 days taking into account the fracture initiation threshold pressure and the bottom hole pressure drop during shut-in.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN120211762A (en) * | 2025-05-26 | 2025-06-27 | 东北石油大学三亚海洋油气研究院 | Huff-and-Puff mining experimental equipment and method based on pressure-driven fracture expansion |
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