CN1197794C - Oil-containing sludge treating method - Google Patents
Oil-containing sludge treating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1197794C CN1197794C CN 02133117 CN02133117A CN1197794C CN 1197794 C CN1197794 C CN 1197794C CN 02133117 CN02133117 CN 02133117 CN 02133117 A CN02133117 A CN 02133117A CN 1197794 C CN1197794 C CN 1197794C
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a method for treating oil sludge, particularly a treating method for coking oil sludge after oil sludge is treated. In the method process of the present invention, mechanical dehydration is carried out for oil sludge, and then, the oil sludge and extraction solvent oil are mixed and preheated. The treatment of heat extraction and dehydration is carried out after uniformly mixing, and then, solid and liquid are separated. Liquid phase enters a coking device, and solid phase can be used as fuel. The oil-water separation is carried out after condensation for vapor phase of heat extraction and dehydration, water phase can be directly discharged into a sewage treatment plant, oil phase is treated and utilized further. The method of the present invention, which has simple process, no special equipment, low investment expense, low operation expense, effective treatment of oil sludge, and sufficient utilization of valuable component, can not bring unfavourable influence at an after-treatment device and can be used for treating various oil sludge in refineries, oilfields, etc.
Description
1, technical field
The present invention relates to the sewage-farm in a kind of treatment process of oily sludge, particularly refinery, oil field and the oily sludge of tank field generation and advance the method that reduces coke volatile component and ash content when coking is handled.
2, background technology
In the oily(waste)water treating processes, produce a large amount of oily sludges, as API oil trap bed mud, dissolved air floatation scum silica frost, electric desalting sump oil, oil tank bed mud and residual active sludge etc.Because the technological process difference that oily sludge produces, its oil-containing, aqueous difference are bigger, and wherein " oil " is made up of the organic compound of number of different types, and majority is poisonous and harmful and is difficult to degradable chemical; Solid particulate in mud, usually is emulsified state Gu oil-water-three mixes with minimum particle distribution, and conventional demulsification technology is difficult to prove effective, and environment is had great hazardness.
Present many oil and chemical enterprise sewage-farm all have mud to store or treatment facility, and to high mud of oleaginousness such as pond bed mud, scum silica frost, sump oil emulsifications, the employing that has concentrates---centrifugal dehydration treatment.Dehydration back filter cake is given other enterprise, usually brings secondary pollution.In order to prevent secondary pollution, the enterprise that has has set up sludge dewatering and dehydration back mud cake burning facility, but this technological operation complexity, equipment failure rate height, undesirable, the burning facility energy consumption height of treatment effect mostly are difficult to keep long-term normal operation.Up to the present, still there are not the oily sludge treatment technology and the method proposition of economical rationality.
U.S. Pat P4666585 proposes one oily sludge is sent into the technological line that coker is handled, get coking distillate and oily sludge and stir, be mixed and made into slurry oil, deliver to the coking opening for feed, allow oily sludge experience high temperature be handled, but this process is introduced more water, one limits the treatment capacity of oily sludge, and two influence the normal running of coker.
In many cases, the moisture that removes in the oily sludge is one of important factor that realizes oily sludge processing and utilization, oily sludge still contains large quantity of moisture (can reach more than 80% usually) after dewatering through mechanical means, the form that water exists is comparatively complicated, except that free-water, most water is that the form with interstitial water and internal junction Heshui or attached water exists, and these moisture form highly stable emulsified state with oil and solid, adopts general method to be difficult to breakdown of emulsion and removes.Therefore the method for prior art employing evaporation removes the moisture in the oily sludge, but because the singularity of oily sludge system, produce serious boiling explosion phenomenon during heating, common normal pressure heating evaporation method can't normal running, in addition because the flowability of oily sludge is poor, heat transfer efficiency is low, also is unsuitable for the normal pressure heating evaporation method, and greatly reduces the speed of dehydration.Patent 97118778.9 discloses a kind of method of underpressure distillation and has handled oily sludge, and isolated light constituent and water carry out oily water separation, and fuel tank is gone in heavy constituent.
U.S. Pat P4994169 proposes refinery's oily sludge is carried out pre-processed, advances pyrogenic technological line then.The oily sludge that will produce from petroleum refining process mixes with pyrogenic distillate after stirring system is with the bulk sludge crushing at first through strainer filtering, and purpose is to increase the flowability of material, so that carry.For preventing that water in the mud is to pyrogenic influence, (50～250mmHg) remove moisture to non-pressurized multistage evaporation system (in the specification sheets being 4 grades) to adopt decompression, dehydrated sludge is sent at the bottom of coking cat head or the coking tower, to be converted into coking distillate than light constituent through pyroprocessing, heavy constituent change into coke, solids in the mud is attached on the coke, thus the problem that exists of this technology just the introducing of solids influence the volatile matter and the ash content index of coke.Particularly concerning the manufacturing enterprise that produces the high quality refinery coke, the use of this technology is restricted.In addition, remove the vapo(u)rization system complexity of moisture, need special evaporation equipment, the equipment cost height, power consumption is big, operational difficulty.
3, summary of the invention
At the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly can make full use of various valuable constituents in the oily sludge, and the component that reclaims is convenient to utilize, to after-treatment device have no adverse effects, the process for treating oil-containing sludge of equipment and operation less investment.
Lot of experiments through the contriver is found, if carry out the dehydration by evaporation processing again after in oily sludge, adding relatively large solvent oil, not only can improve dewatering speed greatly, and in dehydration, solvent oil extracts the oil in the oily sludge, makes that the solid in the oily sludge is easier to separate with oil, in addition because the adding of a large amount of solvent oils, broken the emulsified state between oil-solid-water in the oily sludge, the dehydration by evaporation operation can steadily be carried out under normal pressure fast.Based on above-mentioned discovery, the present invention proposes the processing scheme of following oily sludge.
The inventive method process comprises: (1) oily sludge is through mechanical dehydration, (2) oily sludge behind the mechanical dehydration and all or part of extraction solvent oil mix, (3) mixture adding residue extraction solvent oil extracts-processed, (4) carry out solid-liquid separation after the extraction-processed, liquid phase send coker to handle, and solid phase acts as a fuel.Wherein the oil of the extraction solvent described in step (2), (3) is one or more in normal decompression kerosene(oil)fraction, diesel oil distillate, coker gas oil and the wax tailings etc.Solvent oil is 10: 1～1: 1 with total mixed volume ratio of mud, and best ratio is 4: 1～2: 1.The described extraction of step (3)-dehydration is carried out in a device simultaneously, can adopt normal pressure or decompression operation, preferred atmospheric operation, and service temperature is 100～150 ℃.
The present invention adopts " extraction heat-dehydration-solid-liquid separation " to send pyrogenic process integration.Its advantage is, oily sludge is carried out processed after, significantly reduced moisture influence in the oily sludge to coking operation; And after solid-liquid separation,, like this, can not increase the ash content and the volatile matter index of refinery coke behind the employing coker processing oily sludge because solids is gone out not enter coking by extracting.Solve oily sludge and sent a series of problems of bringing in the coking treating processes, realized the recovery and the utilization of organic constituent in the mud simultaneously, improved processing efficiency.The present invention plays rheomorphism on the one hand by selecting suitable extraction solvent oil kind and consumption, makes material be easy to carry, and the more important thing is dehydration by evaporation and extraction are combined.Find that after deliberation the effect of mutually promoting has been played in extraction of the inventive method and dehydration: the operational condition of dehydration (temperature more than 100 ℃) helps accelerating extraction, and removing of moisture helps the mud breakdown of emulsion, then is easier to extraction behind the breakdown of emulsion; After oil phase in the mud was extracted out simultaneously, moisture was wherein broken away from the coating of oil, and velocity of evaporation is accelerated.In addition, after the water in the mud removed, solid wherein was very easy to separate with oil phase, makes later separation easy to implement.Flow process of the present invention is short, technology is simple, does not need special equipment, and process cost is low, obvious processing effect.
4, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a process for treating oil-containing sludge schematic flow sheet of the present invention.Wherein 1 is oily sludge, the 2nd, and stirring mixer, the 3rd, extraction-dehydration tower, the 4th, condenser, the 5th, water-and-oil separator, the 6th, refiltered oil, the 7th, sewage, the 8th, solid-liquid separator, the 9th, isolated solid phase, the 10th, turning oil, the 11st, extraction solvent oil.
5, embodiment
Oily sludge treating processes of the present invention is " extraction heat-dehydration-solid-liquid separation-coking ".Detailed process is as follows: oily sludge 1 and extraction solvent oil 11 through mechanical dehydration mix in stirring mixer 2, in the mixing process material is preheated, usually be heated to 50 ℃～100 ℃, be transported to then in extraction-dehydration tower 3 and extract-processed, can adopt normal pressure or decompression operation mode, preferred atmospheric operation, the service temperature during atmospheric operation is generally 100～150 ℃, is preferably 105～125 ℃.Extraction-dehydration tower 3 can adopt batch operation also can adopt the continous way operation, and the time of extraction-dehydration can be according to sludge nature and operational condition adjustment, generally about 10～60 minutes.The vapour phase of coming out from extraction-dehydration tower 3 becomes liquid phase and enters water-and-oil separator 5 through condenser 4, profit layering in water-and-oil separator 5, oil phase 6 can further be recycled or return as solvent oil, oil-contg＜30mg/l in the water 7, COD＜500mg/l, can directly advance the treatment system of wastewater treatment field, not need special processing.Mud after the dehydration of discharging from extraction-dehydration tower 3 enters solid-liquid separator 8, and solid-liquid separator can be conventional horizontal helical type centrifuge separator, vertical separator etc., also can adopt settling process to separate.The oil phase that comes out from solid-liquid separator mainly advances the coking processing, also can be with part as circulating solvent oil 10.The solid phase of coming out from solid-liquid separator contains higher calorific value, and general calorific value can reach 8000cal/g, the use that can directly act as a fuel, as the postcombustion of the boiler that acts as a fuel.The inventive method is applicable to the processing of various oily sludges such as refinery or oil field, and the required equipment for the treatment of processes mainly contains: mixing tank, extraction heat-water knockout, solid-liquid separating equipment and gun barrel etc.
Below by embodiment the inventive method is carried out the detail explanation.
Embodiment 1
Get oil trap bed mud 10L behind certain refinery's mechanical dehydration (water yield is 81.2%, solid content is 5.5%, oleaginousness be 13.3%), with normal pressure kerosene 30L, send into greasy filth mixing stirred pot and be heated to 75 ℃, with pump the material that mixes is sent into extraction heat tower dehydration carrying out operate continuously, extraction-dehydration operation condition is: normal pressure, 105 ℃, the residence time is 40 minutes.Removing the water sample presentation, to analyze its COD be 140mg/l, and oil is 17mg/l in the water.The calorific value of the solids after the separation is 8120cal/g, is higher than general standard coal, and is all not moisture in solid and the oil phase.
Certain refinery scum silica frost oil-containing 10.3% after centrifuge dehydration, moisture 84.3%, getting the normal line distillate 10L of scum silica frost 4L and Saudi Arabia is solvent oil, in mixing tank, heat mixing, when temperature reaches 100 ℃, send into extraction/dehydration tower and carry out continuous extraction/processed, the extraction of under 110 ℃ of normal pressures, dewatering, the residence time is 25 minutes, water and part light constituent oil enter gun barrel from cat head through condenser condenses, and analyzing oil from the bottom water sampling is 24mg/l, and COD is 310mg/l, meet the biochemical water inlet of wastewater treatment field requirement, can directly advance the bio-oxidation facility and enter further processing.Organic constituent and solids in solvent oil and the mud enter solid-liquid separator and since moisture remove and oil phase is extracted, solids is easy to separating of oil, adopting settlement separate, separated solids mensuration calorific value is 8234cal/g.
Dirt at the bottom of certain refinery oil trap, three kinds of mixtures of scum silica frost and residual active sludge oil-containing 13.3% behind filter press, moisture 80.3%, get scum silica frost 4L and wax tailings 25L, in mixing tank, heat mixing, when temperature reaches 100 ℃, sending into extraction/dehydration tower handles continuously, the extraction of under 125 ℃ of normal pressures, dewatering, the residence time is 15 minutes, water and part light constituent oil enter gun barrel from cat head through condenser condenses, and analyzing oil from the bottom water sampling is 19mg/l, and COD is 221mg/l, meet the biochemical water inlet of wastewater treatment field requirement, can directly advance the bio-oxidation facility and enter further processing.Organic constituent and solids in solvent oil and the mud enter solid-liquid separator and since moisture remove and oil phase is extracted, solids is easy to adopt centrifugation with separating of oil, it is 8554cal/g that separated solids is measured calorific value.
Claims (9)
1, a kind of treatment process of oily sludge, may further comprise the steps: (1) oily sludge is through mechanical dehydration, (2) oily sludge behind the mechanical dehydration mixes with part or all of extraction solvent oil, (3) mixture adding residue extraction solvent oil extracts-processed, (4) carry out solid-liquid separation after the extraction-processed, liquid phase send coker to handle;
Wherein said extraction solvent oil is 10: 1～1: 1 with total mixed volume ratio of oily sludge.
2, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described extraction solvent oil is one or more in normal decompression kerosene(oil)fraction, diesel oil distillate, coker gas oil and the wax tailings.
3, in accordance with the method for claim 1, the solid phase that it is characterized in that the described solid-liquid separation of step (4) acts as a fuel.
4, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described solvent oil and total mixed volume ratio of mud are 4: 1～2: 1.
5, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the described extraction of step (3)-dehydration carries out simultaneously in a device, adopt atmospheric operation, service temperature is 100～150 ℃.
6, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that in the described mixing process of step (2) material being preheated, temperature is 50 ℃～100 ℃.
7, in accordance with the method for claim 5, it is characterized in that described service temperature is 105～125 ℃.
8, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the vapour phase that the described extraction-dehydration tower of step (4) comes out becomes liquid phase and carries out oily water separation through condensation, water directly enters wastewater treatment field.
9, in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the described solid-liquid separation of step (4) adopts centrifugation or settlement separate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 02133117 CN1197794C (en) | 2002-10-10 | 2002-10-10 | Oil-containing sludge treating method |
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| CN 02133117 CN1197794C (en) | 2002-10-10 | 2002-10-10 | Oil-containing sludge treating method |
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| CN1488591A CN1488591A (en) | 2004-04-14 |
| CN1197794C true CN1197794C (en) | 2005-04-20 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106966561A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-21 | 大连建华污泥处理有限公司 | Oil-bearing sludge treatment equipment and technique |
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| CN100340503C (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2007-10-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oil-containing sludge disposal method |
| CN101684011B (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2013-02-06 | 广东省电力设计研究院 | Physical and chemical treatment method of Orimusion sewage |
| CN101823824B (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2011-09-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Treatment process of oily sludge |
| CN102050556B (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2013-02-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Treatment method of oily sludge |
| CN102092907B (en) * | 2009-12-09 | 2012-03-07 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for resource treatment of oily sludge |
| CN102408176B (en) * | 2010-09-25 | 2013-07-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | System and method for treating oil-containing sludge |
| CN102452776B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2013-06-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for treating oil sludge |
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| CN103693833B (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-10-28 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment method for oily sludge |
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| CN114538725B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-06-02 | 西安交通大学 | Super-critical CO of oil sludge and oil-containing soil 2 Extraction recovery comprehensive treatment process |
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2002
- 2002-10-10 CN CN 02133117 patent/CN1197794C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106966561A (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2017-07-21 | 大连建华污泥处理有限公司 | Oil-bearing sludge treatment equipment and technique |
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