CN119776864A - Anode segmented visualized proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and application method thereof - Google Patents
Anode segmented visualized proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种阳极分段式可视化质子交换膜电解槽，包括依次叠装的阳极端板、密封盖板、流场分隔板、阳极分段流场板、五合一膜电极层、阴极双极板、不锈钢板、绝缘垫片和阴极端板。密封盖板和流场分隔板均为透明的聚碳酸酯板，阳极分段流场板由八个独立的且带有阳极极耳的钛流场板组成，五合一膜电极层由八个独立的膜电极和一张聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯薄膜构成，阴极双极板表面设有8个独立的流道，两个侧面各留有4组用于插入热电偶探针和加热棒的孔和4个阴极极耳。本发明能监测测量电流、电压、温度等局部参数，并能精确控制反应水温度；此外，密封盖板和流场分隔板均采用透明材质，为观察阳极两相流流型并分析其对电解槽性能影响提供了条件。
The present invention provides an anode segmented visualized proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, comprising an anode terminal plate, a sealing cover plate, a flow field separator plate, an anode segmented flow field plate, a five-in-one membrane electrode layer, a cathode bipolar plate, a stainless steel plate, an insulating gasket and a cathode terminal plate stacked in sequence. The sealing cover plate and the flow field separator plate are both transparent polycarbonate plates, the anode segmented flow field plate is composed of eight independent titanium flow field plates with anode tabs, the five-in-one membrane electrode layer is composed of eight independent membrane electrodes and a polyethylene terephthalate film, and the surface of the cathode bipolar plate is provided with 8 independent flow channels, and each of the two sides has 4 groups of holes for inserting thermocouple probes and heating rods and 4 cathode tabs. The present invention can monitor and measure local parameters such as current, voltage, and temperature, and can accurately control the temperature of reaction water; in addition, the sealing cover plate and the flow field separator plate are both made of transparent materials, which provides conditions for observing the flow pattern of the anode two-phase flow and analyzing its influence on the performance of the electrolyzer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrolytic tank and application thereof, in particular to an anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank, belonging to the technical field of electrochemical testing.
Background
Hydrogen energy is a secondary energy source which is attractive, and has great application prospect by virtue of high energy density, wide sources and applications and potential in large-scale energy storage. The green hydrogen prepared by electrolyzing water can realize zero carbon emission in hydrogen production. In a plurality of water electrolysis hydrogen production technologies, the proton exchange membrane water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is rapid in start and stop and adjustable in load, and can be flexibly combined with renewable energy power generation systems such as wind energy and solar energy to realize efficient utilization of energy. In addition, the proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMEC) is relatively small in volume and flexible in operation, which also makes it more advantageous in the production of green hydrogen. With the development of PEMEC technology, the measurement of local parameters is also receiving more and more attention. Researches show that PEMEC has a complex coupling relation between internal reaction and a plurality of physical fields such as an electric field, a thermal field, a mass transfer field and the like in the actual operation process. Specifically, the electric field drives the electrolytic reaction by applying voltage, the thermal field determines the temperature distribution, and the mass transfer field involves processes such as gas diffusion and proton transfer. The complex interactions between these physical fields further increase the complexity of the system analysis. Therefore, under different operating conditions, the coupling effect between multiple physical fields needs to be comprehensively considered to accurately evaluate the operation state of PEMEC. To optimize the performance of the electrolyzer, the operating strategy must be concerned with key parameters such as current density, voltage, two-phase flow pattern, temperature, etc. Measurement of these parameters has been an important topic in PEMEC research areas for many years, and has profound significance for improving the performance and durability of the electrolytic cell. Therefore, the technology of measuring the current and the temperature in the proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, the technology of observing the two-phase flow and the structure of the existing electrolytic cell will be described next.
First, a technique for measuring the current of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is described, VAN DER MERWE et al (Van derMerwe J,Uren K,Van Schoor G,et al.Characterisation tools development for PEM electrolysers[J].International Journal ofHydrogen Energy,2014,39(26):14212-14221.), which uses a method based on the permeability of magnetic materials to map the current density in an electrolyzer with serpentine flow fields. The method captures the spatial distribution of current density by the magnitude of the induction coil local permeability to reflect the local current density of PEMEC using a custom device with 49 independent sensors. Cleghorn et al (Cleghorn S J C,Derouin C R,Wilson M S,et al.Aprinted circuit board approach to measuring current distribution in a fuel cell[J].Journal ofApplied Electrochemistry,1998,28:663-672.) first attempted to measure current density distribution in PEMFCs using PCB technology, but this required fabrication of segmented anode flow fields and current collector plates. Stumper et al (Stumper J,Campbell S A,Wilkinson D P,et al.In-situ methods for the determination of current distributions in PEM fuel cells[J].Electrochimica Acta,1998,43(24):3773-3783.) propose methods to determine the current density distribution in a fuel cell, including partial MEA methods, current density mapping methods, and subunit methods. The partial MEA method breaks the overall structure of the MEA by masking a partial area of the MEA or making several partially catalyzed MEA's for independent testing, the current density mapping rule is to place passive graphite resistors between the flow plates and the current collector plates to measure the current density distribution, and the subcell method arranges individual load controls on each separate subcell and on the main cell and is electrically isolated from each other, allowing independent regulation of the respective cell currents. In addition, hall effect sensors can also be used to measure the current of the fuel cell, wieser et al (Wieser C,Helmbold A,Gülzow E.A new technique for two-dimensional current distribution measurements in electrochemical cells[J].Journal of Applied Electrochemistry,2000,30:803-807.) use hall effect sensors to measure the current of each section of the fuel cell.
Temperature profile testing techniques have also been developed, including He et al (He S,Mench MM,Tadigadapa S.Thin film temperature sensor for real-time measurement of electrolyte temperature in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell[J].Sensors andActuatorsA:Physical,2006,125(2):170-177.) developed thin film Jin Remin resistance using micromachining techniques for in situ temperature measurements during operation of 5cm 2 Nafion-based fuel cells. The thin film temperature sensor has a linear response over a temperature range of 20-100 ℃. But after the temperature sensor is embedded in the fuel cell, the performance of the fuel cell is significantly deteriorated. Lee et al (Lee CY,HsiehW J,Wu GW.Embedded flexible micro-sensors in MEA for measuring temperature and humidity in a micro-fuel cell[J].Journal ofPower Sources,2008,181(2):237-243.) fabricated micro-film temperature sensors based on Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) principles using microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology for monitoring in situ temperatures in micro-fuel cell flow channel ribs and MEAs. Li et al (Li,Y.,Yang,G.,Yu,S.,Kang,Z.,Talley,D.A.,Zhang,F.-Y.,2019.Direct thermal visualization of micro-scale hydrogen evolution reactions in proton exchange membrane electrolyzer cells.Energy Convers.Manag.199,111935) propose an infrared thermal imaging method, a comprehensive visualization experiment is performed by using a thermal infrared imager and a high-speed visualization system, and the temperature change of the cathode side of PEMEC is captured. Ali et al (Ali S T,J,Nielsen L P,et al.Thin film thermocouples for in situ membrane electrode assembly temperature measurements in a polybenzimidazole-based high temperature proton exchange membrane unit cell[J].Journal of Power Sources,2010,195(15):4835-4841.) Thermocouple probe methods are presented. Lee et al (Lee C Y,Chen C H,Li S C,et al.Development and application of flexible integrated microsensor as real-time monitoring tool in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer[J].Renewable Energy,2019,143:906-914.) developed a flexible integrated microsensor suitable for high temperature resistant electrochemical environments inside PEMEC using MEMS technology, integrated microsensors of temperature, flow, voltage and current into a 20 μm thick PI film substrate and used as a protective layer, reducing the impact on the operation of the electrolyzer.
Among two-phase flow observation techniques, j.bedet et al (Bedet J,Maranzana G,Leclerc S,et al.Magnetic resonance imaging of water distribution and production in a 6cm2 PEMFC under operation[J].International Journal ofHydrogen Energy,2008,33(12):3146-3149.) used nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMR) techniques to observe water distribution in PEMFC in operation, the only yield was to replace graphite (or metal) bipolar plates with PMMA scaffolds only, but it appeared to be applicable to small fuel cells only. Ous and Arcoumanis(Ous T,Arcoumanis C.Visualisation ofwater accumulation in the flow channels of PEMFC under various operating conditions[J].Journal ofPower Sources,2009,187(1):182-189.) and Zhan et al (Zhan Z,Wang C,FuW,et al.Visualization ofwatertransport in a transparent PEMFC[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2012,37(1):1094-1105.) propose a transparent cell design that allows light to enter the flow channel and investigate the effect of operating conditions on liquid water accumulation.
For the structural design of the whole electrolytic tank, chinese patent CN216838210U discloses a proton exchange membrane water electrolytic tank which has simple structure and small occupied area, but because of no transparent end plate, the condition of anode two-phase flow is difficult to observe, in addition, the electrolytic tank also has no function of monitoring and readjusting the temperature of reaction water, which can cause the temperature of the reaction water to be difficult to be stabilized near a set value, chinese patent CN214937843U discloses a pure water hydrogen production PEM electrolytic tank which unitizes the electrolytic tank, a sliding block is fixedly connected to a shell at two sides of the electrolytic tank, and a pull ring is arranged outside the electrolytic tank. The method is favorable for the installation and the disassembly of the electrolytic cell, ensures that the electrolytic cell cannot be separated during the reaction, and ensures the electrolytic efficiency. However, the patent discloses a jack screw back pressure type PEM electrolytic cell mechanism, the electrolytic cell is improved in the installation and fixation mode of the traditional jack screw back pressure type electrolytic cell, the volume of the electrolytic assembly is successfully reduced by connecting clamping positions among compression plates, the utilization rate of the electrolytic assembly is improved, the inside of the electrolytic cell is not provided with a device for monitoring and feeding back the temperature of reaction water and carrying out secondary regulation, so that the accurate maintenance of the temperature of the reaction water near the set temperature parameter cannot be guaranteed, the electrolytic cell is formed by longitudinally superposing a plurality of unit electrolytic cells and a partition plate, the internal gas-liquid transmission capacity of the electrolytic cell is improved, the volume power density is increased, the performance of the electrolytic cell is effectively improved, the electrolytic assembly is not required to be punched on the electrolytic assembly, the utilization rate of the electrolytic assembly is successfully improved, the inside of the electrolytic cell is not provided with a device for monitoring and feeding back the temperature of the reaction water and carrying out secondary regulation, and the accurate maintenance of the temperature of the reaction water is not guaranteed, and the electrolytic cell is difficult to observe the performance of the anode flow pattern by the electrolytic cell is difficult to analyze due to the fact that the transparent performance of the electrolytic cell is difficult to observe.
Therefore, it is necessary to use a proper proton exchange membrane electrolyzer structure to accurately measure various parameters and dynamic behaviors of PEMEC, and the research not only helps to understand the coupling effect of multiple physical fields more deeply, but also facilitates real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis in the operation process. In addition, it may provide a reference for optimizing the structural design of PEMEC.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell, which is used for realizing monitoring and measurement of local parameters such as local current, temperature and the like and carrying out visualized analysis on anode two-phase flow, and the temperature of reaction water is monitored and managed again by adding a thermocouple and a heating rod into a cathode bipolar plate, so that the temperature of the reaction water is ensured to be near a set value to the greatest extent, and the specific technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
The visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank is characterized by comprising an anode end plate, a sealing cover plate, a flow field partition plate, an anode sectional flow field plate, a five-in-one membrane electrode layer, a cathode bipolar plate, a stainless steel plate, an insulating gasket and a cathode end plate which are sequentially stacked, wherein the five-in-one membrane electrode layer consists of a membrane electrode and a PET film, the membrane electrode sequentially consists of an anode diffusion layer, a catalyst coating film and a cathode diffusion layer, an anode water supply inlet, an anode water (gas) outlet and a runway type sealing groove are formed on the sealing cover plate, an inward groove array is carved on the flow field partition plate, rectangular sealing grooves are respectively arranged around each groove in a surrounding manner, through holes are respectively punched at opposite angles, grooves for connecting through holes on two adjacent grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the runway type sealing grooves on the sealing cover plate, the anode sectional flow field plate consists of 8 independent titanium flow field plates, the outlets of the channels on the titanium flow field plate are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes on the flow field partition plate, the five-in-one membrane electrode consists of 8 independent hot-press membrane electrodes and the PET film, 4X 2 flow channels corresponding to the membrane electrodes are carved on the cathode bipolar plate, rectangular flow channels are respectively arranged around each rectangular flow channel, the surrounding grooves are respectively, and the sealing grooves are respectively provided with water channels (are respectively provided with water-permeable grooves) and the same as the water outlet and the sealing cover plate and the water outlet and the sealing cover plate.
Preferably, the groove array on the flow field division plate is a 4 multiplied by 2 groove array, and corresponds to the positions of the following 8 independent titanium flow field plates, 8 independent hot-pressing membrane electrodes, a cavity on the PET film, a flow channel on the cathode bipolar plate and a diffusion cavity on the anode and cathode gaskets.
Preferably, the titanium flow field plate is provided with an anode tab which extends outwards from the electrolytic tank.
The PET film is provided with a cavity array corresponding to the membrane electrode in a penetrating way along the thickness direction, and the membrane electrode is embedded in the cavity;
preferably, 4 groups of holes for inserting thermocouple probes and heating rods and 4 lugs are symmetrically distributed on two side surfaces of the cathode bipolar plate, and a fin is further arranged in the middle of the end surface of the upper end.
The anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell also comprises an anode gasket and a cathode gasket, wherein a diffusion cavity corresponding to the membrane electrode is arranged on the gasket in a penetrating way along the thickness direction, and the membrane electrode is embedded in the diffusion cavity.
The invention also discloses an application method of the electrolytic cell, and the electrolytic cell is based on the anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention uses sectional design on the design of anode, the anode is divided into eight blocks, and anode lugs extending out of the electrolytic tank are arranged on each anode sectional flow field plate. The method has the advantages of effectively reducing experimental consumables and allowing local current and voltage parameters to be measured and monitored.
(2) According to the invention, transparent polycarbonate plates are adopted on the materials of the sealing cover plate and the flow field separation plate, and sealing grooves are reserved on the sealing cover plate and the flow field separation plate. Compared with a transparent acrylic end plate adopted by a common visual electrolytic tank, the polycarbonate plate has higher mechanical strength, can bear the working environment of high temperature and high pressure, has better applicability, and the transparent sealing cover plate and the flow field separation plate also provide conditions for observing the two-phase flow condition in an anode flow field. In addition, the grooves on the flow field division plates are matched with the runway type sealing grooves on the sealing cover plate, so that the air tightness of the electrolytic tank is ensured.
(3) The invention is provided with 4 groups of holes which are symmetrically distributed and are used for inserting thermocouple probes and heating rods on two side surfaces of the cathode bipolar plate. The method has the advantages of allowing the working temperature of the battery to be measured, assisting in adjusting the temperature of the reaction water, and ensuring that the temperature of each part of the electrolytic tank is uniform and stable near the set parameter value.
(4) The number of the assembly bolt through holes is 19, and the assembly bolt through holes are uniformly distributed around the flow field and do not pass through the anode segmented flow field plate. The method has the advantages that the uniformity of pressure distribution in the electrolytic tank is improved, and the influence of the assembly process on the pressure distribution in the electrolytic tank is reduced to the greatest extent.
(5) The outer surface of the bolt matched with the invention is subjected to electric insulation treatment. The advantage is that the battery can be effectively prevented from being shorted.
(6) The membrane electrode is a five-in-one membrane electrode, namely, a PET membrane is taken as a carrier, 4 multiplied by 2 diffusion chambers are engraved on the PET membrane, 8 membrane electrodes are placed in the chambers, and hot pressing is uniformly carried out once, so that each gas diffusion layer is uniformly and tightly attached to the corresponding catalyst coating membrane. The method has the advantages that each membrane electrode accurately corresponds to the corresponding flow field area, so that the assembly of the membrane electrode layer is greatly facilitated, the assembly success rate is improved, the air tightness of the core reaction area is enhanced, the gas crossing is reduced, and the occurrence of the short circuit condition is avoided. In addition, the mode improves the conductivity, and compared with the traditional single-chip membrane electrode, the 4×2 membrane electrode array provides possibility for realizing various electrochemical tests on local areas in the plane of the electrolytic cell.
(7) The invention adopts fluororubber gaskets on both the cathode side and the anode side. The advantage is that the cell tightness can be further ensured and the addition of gaskets helps to eliminate thickness differences caused by the membrane electrodes.
(8) The flow field division plate and the anode segmented flow field plate of the invention both adopt an integral cutting process. Has the advantages that the surface of the two nested parts is smooth to the greatest extent, fitting and sticking.
(9) The invention discloses an electrolytic tank sealing structure, which belongs to a high-pressure-resistant structure. Compared with a common electrolytic tank, the electrolytic tank has the advantages that the sustainable pressure range of the electrolytic tank is larger, and leakage is not needed after the electrolytic tank stably works under a continuous higher pressure, so that the measurement of parameters such as local current density, temperature and the like of the electrolytic tank under a wider pressure range is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective exploded view of an anode segmented visual proton exchange membrane electrolyzer;
FIG. 2a is an assembled view of the anode side components of an electrolyzer with 8 titanium flow field plates mated with an array of grooves on the flow field separator plate;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of an assembly of a flow field separator plate and an anode segment flow field plate, which can intuitively reflect the coordination situation and the flow of the anode side reaction water (gas);
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a five-in-one membrane electrode layer;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a single membrane electrode structure;
FIG. 4a is a front view of a cathode bipolar plate;
FIG. 4b is a side rear view of a cathode bipolar plate;
FIG. 5 is a recommended bolt assembly sequence diagram;
FIG. 6 is a physical diagram of an anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolyzer;
FIG. 7 is a system configuration diagram of the operation of an essentially proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell comprises an anode end plate, a sealing cover plate, a flow field division plate, an anode sectional flow field plate, a polytetrafluoroethylene gasket, a five-in-one membrane electrode layer, a cathode bipolar plate, a stainless steel plate, an insulating gasket and a cathode end plate which are sequentially stacked. The transparent sealing end plate and the flow field separation plate provide conditions for observing the two-phase flow condition of the anode flow field in the working state of the battery.
The thickness of the cathode and anode gaskets is matched with the thickness of the corresponding gas diffusion layers, so that the diffusion layers are ensured to have a certain compression amount, the electric contact is improved, and meanwhile, the redundant height difference is eliminated, so that the tightness of the electrolytic tank is improved. The pad is penetrated and provided with a 4 multiplied by 2 diffusion cavity array along the thickness direction, the size of the diffusion cavity corresponds to that of the membrane electrode, and the diffusion layer is embedded in the diffusion cavity, so that the contact between the membrane electrode and the flow field plate is not affected. The arrangement of the gasket not only facilitates the installation and fixation of the membrane electrode, but also can exert the effect of the sealing ring at the edge of the membrane electrode.
In addition, the surfaces of 19 bolts for fixing the inside of the electrolytic cell are all insulated to prevent the electrolytic cell from being shorted, and the bolts do not pass through the anode segment flow field plate, thereby reducing the influence of the assembly operation on the flow field plate.
As shown in fig. 2a, the anode water supply inlet and the anode water (gas) outlet on the sealing cover plate respectively correspond to the water inlet and the water (gas) outlet on the flow field division plate, and the flow field division plate is carved with a4×2 groove array matched with the anode sectional flow field plate in size for embedding the flow field plate, and rectangular sealing grooves are surrounded on the circumference of the grooves so as to ensure the tightness of the electrolytic tank. In addition, through holes are punched on opposite angles of the grooves, the through holes correspond to water inlet and outlet holes of the flow channels on the anode segmented flow field plate, grooves are formed between two adjacent through holes and are connected with each other to connect the flow of water and gas in the electrolytic cell in series, and the positions of the grooves correspond to the runway type sealing grooves on the sealing cover plate, so that the sealing performance of the electrolytic cell is ensured. The anode lug on the anode segmented flow field plate is used for connecting an anode power supply wire and an anode feedback wire.
As shown in fig. 2b, the water inlet on the flow field separator corresponds to the inlet of the flow channel on the first titanium flow field plate, the reaction water enters the inlet of the flow channel on the first titanium flow field plate from the water inlet, flows through the flow channel to the outlet of the first titanium flow field plate, then flows into the inlet of the flow channel on the second titanium flow field plate through the groove on the flow field separator, and finally flows to the outlet on the last titanium flow field plate, the outlet on the last titanium flow field plate is opposite to the water (gas) outlet on the flow field separator, and the rest reaction water flows out of the electrolytic tank together with the generated oxygen.
As shown in fig. 3a, the five-in-one membrane electrode layer in the proton exchange membrane electrolytic tank comprises 8 independent membrane electrodes and a PET film, wherein the active area of each membrane electrode is 18×22mm 2 to form a4×2 array, the PET film is provided with a cavity array corresponding to the membrane electrode in a penetrating manner along the thickness direction, the area of each single diffusion cavity is 23×27mm 2, the membrane electrode is embedded in the cavity, and the use of the PET film is beneficial to the installation and positioning of the membrane electrode.
As shown in fig. 3b, each membrane electrode is prepared by hot pressing a catalyst coated membrane and two gas diffusion layers;
as shown in fig. 4a, the front surface of the cathode bipolar plate is carved with a flow channel matrix corresponding to the membrane electrode matrix, and rectangular sealing grooves are formed around each flow channel. The two sides of the cathode bipolar plate are respectively provided with 4 cathode lugs for connecting a cathode power supply wire. In addition, because the area of the cathode lug on the cathode bipolar plate is smaller, a fin is arranged in the middle of the upper end face of the cathode bipolar plate and can be connected with a negative feedback line, and the fin and the positive feedback line on the anode lug can be used for measuring current and voltage together.
As shown in fig. 4b, the outer walls of both sides of the cathode bipolar plate are respectively provided with 4 groups of heating holes and thermocouple holes. The heating holes are used for inserting heating elements such as heating rods, the thermocouple holes are used for inserting thermocouples so as to monitor the temperature of the electrode plates and heat the electrode plates, and therefore the temperature is regulated and controlled according to the control requirement of water electrolysis. In addition, two water (gas) outlet holes are arranged at the back of the cathode bipolar plate.
As shown in fig. 5, the recommended bolt assembly sequence has been indicated, and such assembly sequence helps to reduce damage due to uneven assembly pressure and improve the uniformity of assembly pressure of the electrolyzer.
As shown in fig. 6, in testing the voltage and current of the electrolyzer, the positive feed line and positive feedback line are connected to the positive tab of the anode segmented flow field plate, the negative feed line is connected to the negative tab of the cathode bipolar plate, and the negative feedback line can be connected to the negative tab of the cathode bipolar plate or to the fin above the cathode bipolar plate.
When the positive and negative power supply wires are connected, the positive and negative power supply wires are respectively connected to the positive lugs of the anode segmented flow field plates and the negative lugs of the cathode bipolar plates which are opposite in front-back positions, so that the distances of voltages passing through the media are the same. It is also suggested to wrap insulation around the inlet pipe to reduce the heat loss due to heat exchange between the reaction water and the environment.
As shown in fig. 7, in the power supply line, voltage is supplied by a multichannel direct current power supply through an anode and cathode power supply line, and then the voltage and current data measured in real time are summarized into a computer by an anode and cathode feeder line; in the water supply and exhaust system, purer deionized water is used as experimental water, the deionized water is heated by a peristaltic pump and enters the electrolytic tank for electrolysis after passing through the preheater, and finally, the residual water and the generated oxygen after reaction and the electric water seepage and the hydrogen are discharged from a cathode water (gas) outlet on a stainless steel plate. In addition, the digital camera system in front of the electrolytic tank is used for monitoring the state of the anode two-phase flow in real time, the lighting lamp provides a strong illumination environment for the camera, and the high-speed camera is used for recording the flow pattern of the two-phase flow in the anode flow channel of the electrolytic tank.
The working process of the anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell comprises the steps that deionized water is adopted, after the reaction water is heated to a set temperature through a peristaltic pump, the reaction water enters an anode water supply inlet on a sealing cover plate, enters an inlet of a first titanium flow field plate through a water inlet on a flow field partition plate, flows through a flow channel to reach an outlet of the first titanium flow field plate, flows into an inlet on a second titanium flow field plate through a groove on the flow field partition plate, circulates in this way, finally flows to an outlet on a last titanium flow field plate, the outlet on the last titanium flow field plate is opposite to a water (gas) outlet on the flow field partition plate and an anode water (gas) outlet on the sealing cover plate, and the rest reaction water flows out of the electrolytic cell together with generated oxygen. In the process, 8 sub-membrane electrodes on the five-in-one membrane electrode simultaneously electrolyze water, namely, water on the titanium flow field plate reaches the catalyst coating membrane through the anode diffusion layer to perform oxidation reaction, oxygen is generated and hydrogen ions (protons) are released, and the oxygen and unreacted water continue to flow downstream along the flow channel and the groove until being discharged from an anode water (gas) outlet on the sealing cover plate. The generated protons pass through the proton exchange membrane to undergo a reduction reaction at the corresponding cathode to generate hydrogen, and the hydrogen and the electroosmosis water flow downwards in the flow field of the cathode bipolar plate together, and finally are discharged from a cathode water (gas) outlet on the stainless steel plate. In the process, a thermocouple and a heating rod on the cathode bipolar plate detect and secondarily adjust the temperature of the electrolytic cell so as to ensure the uniformity of the reaction temperature and stabilize the reaction temperature near a given value.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell comprises an anode end plate, a sealing cover plate, a flow field separation plate, an anode sectional flow field plate, a five-in-one membrane electrode layer, a cathode bipolar plate, a stainless steel plate, an insulating gasket and a cathode end plate which are sequentially stacked, and is characterized in that the five-in-one membrane electrode layer consists of a membrane electrode and a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, and the membrane electrode consists of an anode diffusion layer, a catalyst coating film and a cathode diffusion layer.
2. The anode segment type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of claim 1 wherein the flow field separator plate is made of transparent polycarbonate material and is engraved with an inward array of 4X 2 grooves in one-to-one correspondence with the anode segment flow field plates.
3. The anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell of claim 2, wherein the groove ring is provided with a rectangular sealing groove, the opposite corners of the groove are punched with through holes, and the positions of the through holes correspond to water inlet and outlet holes on the anode separation flow field plate.
4. The anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell according to claim 3, wherein grooves are connected between the through holes and the through holes on the adjacent grooves, and the positions of the grooves are in one-to-one correspondence with the runway type sealing grooves on the sealing cover plate.
5. The anode segment type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of claim 1 wherein the anode segment flow field plate consists of 8 independent titanium flow field plates positioned in one-to-one correspondence with the groove arrays on the anode segment flow field plate.
6. The anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of claim 5, characterized in that the surface of the titanium flow field plate is carved with a runner, and the titanium flow field plate is provided with an anode tab, and the anode tab extends out of the anode sectional type proton exchange membrane electrolyzer.
7. The anode segment type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of claim 1, wherein the PET film is provided with a cavity array corresponding to the membrane electrode in a penetrating way along the thickness direction, and the membrane electrode is embedded in the cavity.
8. The anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolyzer of claim 1, wherein the front surface of the cathode bipolar plate is carved with a 4X 2 runner array corresponding to the position of the membrane electrode, and rectangular sealing grooves are arranged around each runner;
Two sides of the cathode bipolar plate are respectively provided with 4 groups of holes which are symmetrically distributed and used for inserting thermocouple probes and heating rods;
two sides of the cathode bipolar plate are respectively provided with 4 cathode lugs which are symmetrically distributed, and a fin is arranged in the middle of the end face of the upper end.
9. The anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell of claim 4, wherein the electrolytic cell further comprises an anode gasket and a cathode gasket, wherein the anode gasket and the cathode gasket are respectively provided with a diffusion cavity corresponding to the membrane electrode in a penetrating manner along the thickness direction, and the size and the position of the diffusion cavity correspond to the membrane electrode.
10. An application method of an electrolytic cell based on the anode sectional type visualized proton exchange membrane electrolytic cell of any one of claims 1-9 is characterized in that deionized water is adopted as reaction water, the reaction water enters an anode water supply inlet on a sealing cover plate after being heated to a set temperature by a peristaltic pump through a preheater, then enters an inlet of a first titanium flow field plate through a through hole on a flow field separation plate, flows through a runner to reach an outlet of the first titanium flow field plate, then flows into a through hole on a second titanium flow field plate through a groove on the flow field separation plate, and finally flows to an outlet on a last titanium flow field plate after being circulated in this way; the outlet of the last titanium flow field plate is opposite to the anode water (gas) outlet of the sealing cover plate, the rest reaction water and the generated oxygen flow out of the electrolytic tank, in the process, 8 sub-membrane electrodes on the five-in-one membrane electrode simultaneously perform electrolysis water, namely, the water on the titanium flow field plate reaches the catalyst coating membrane through the anode diffusion layer to perform oxidation reaction to generate oxygen and release hydrogen ions, the oxygen and the unreacted water continue to flow downstream along the flow channel and the groove until being discharged from the anode water (gas) outlet of the sealing cover plate, the generated protons pass through the proton exchange membrane to perform reduction reaction at the corresponding cathode to generate hydrogen, flow downwards in the flow field of the cathode bipolar plate together with electroosmosis water, finally are discharged from the two cathode water (gas) outlets on the stainless steel plate, in the process, the thermocouple and the heating rod on the cathode bipolar plate detect and secondarily regulate the temperature of the electrolytic tank, to ensure uniformity of the reaction temperature and to stabilize the reaction temperature around a given value.
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