CN119695527A - Device and method for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed source of ground station antenna - Google Patents
Device and method for realizing S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed source of ground station antenna Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请属于高轨卫星通信技术领域。一种地面站天线S、Q、V多频段双极化馈源实现装置包括S频段双极化馈源网络，包括极化开关、第一双工器、第一和差网络、极化器组件，以及S馈源喇叭，其中，极化开关分别与两个第一双工器连接，每个第一双工器连接有第一和差网络，一个第一和差网络的输出连接到极化器组件的左旋极化端口，另一个第一和差网络的输出连接到极化器组件的右旋极化端口，每个极化器组件连接一S馈源喇叭；Q/V频段馈源网络，包括两个第二双工器分别与正交器连接，极化器分别与正交器和跟踪器连接，跟踪器分别与差信号合成网络和Q/V波纹喇叭连接；Q/V波纹喇叭四周布置有S馈源喇叭。具有空间和信号收发效率的最优利用效果。
The present application belongs to the field of high-orbit satellite communication technology. A ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarization feed realization device includes an S-band dual-polarization feed network, including a polarization switch, a first duplexer, a first sum-difference network, a polarizer assembly, and an S feed horn, wherein the polarization switch is respectively connected to two first duplexers, each first duplexer is connected to a first sum-difference network, an output of a first sum-difference network is connected to a left-handed polarization port of a polarizer assembly, and an output of another first sum-difference network is connected to a right-handed polarization port of a polarizer assembly, and each polarizer assembly is connected to an S feed horn; a Q/V band feed network includes two second duplexers respectively connected to an orthogonalizer, a polarizer is respectively connected to an orthogonalizer and a tracker, and a tracker is respectively connected to a difference signal synthesis network and a Q/V corrugated horn; and S feed horns are arranged around the Q/V corrugated horn. It has the optimal utilization effect of space and signal transceiver efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of high orbit satellite communication, and particularly relates to a device and a method for realizing a multi-band dual-polarized feed source of a ground station antenna S, Q, V.
Background
In the field of high-orbit satellite communication, along with the increasing shortage of Ka and Ku frequency band resources, the Q/V frequency band gradually becomes a main choice for high-speed data transmission due to the advantages of small interference, wide bandwidth, contribution to equipment miniaturization and the like.
But the Q/V band is sensitive to rain degradation and may cause communication disruption in severe weather. Therefore, it is necessary to use an S-band insensitive to weather changes as a communication guarantee. In addition, in order to improve the use efficiency of frequency, the requirement of multi-band and dual polarization technology is also presented to meet the complex requirement of satellite-ground communication.
The Q/V band is widely used for its advantages, but at the same time, the S band is also required as a backup, and multi-band and dual-polarization techniques are pursued to optimize communication efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a device and a method for implementing a multi-band dual-polarized feed source of a ground station antenna S, Q, V to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a device for implementing a multi-band dual-polarized feed of a ground station antenna S, Q, V, where the device includes:
The S-band dual-polarized feed source network comprises a polarization switch, a first duplexer, a first sum-difference network, a polarizer assembly and S feed source horns, wherein the polarization switch is respectively connected with two first duplexers, each first duplexer is connected with the first sum-difference network, the output of one first sum-difference network is connected to a left-hand polarization port of the polarizer assembly, the output of the other first sum-difference network is connected to a right-hand polarization port of the polarizer assembly, and each polarizer assembly is connected with one S feed source horn;
The Q/V frequency band feed source network comprises a second duplexer, an orthogonalizer, a polarizer, a tracker, a difference signal synthesis network and Q/V corrugated horns, wherein the two second duplexers are respectively connected with the orthogonalizer, the polarizer is respectively connected with the orthogonalizer and the tracker, the tracker is respectively connected with the difference signal synthesis network and the Q/V corrugated horns,
The S feed source horns are arranged around the Q/V corrugated horns.
In some implementations, the polarization switch is configured to select a polarization state of the signal, where the polarization state includes a left-hand polarization signal and a right-hand polarization signal;
The two first diplexers are respectively a first diplexer I and a first diplexer II, wherein the first diplexer I is used for receiving a left-hand polarization signal selected by the polarization switch and sending the left-hand polarization signal to a first sum-difference network I, the first diplexer II is used for receiving a right-hand polarization signal selected by the polarization switch and sending the right-hand polarization signal to the first sum-difference network II, in addition, the first diplexer I is also used for receiving a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network I, and the first diplexer II is also used for receiving a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network II.
In some implementations, the first sum-difference network includes:
The first sum-difference network I is used for sending left-hand polarization signals sent by the first duplexer I to the polarizer components and receiving the left-hand polarization signals output by the polarizer components;
The first sum-difference network II is used for sending right-hand polarization signals sent by the first duplexer II to the polarizer components and receiving the right-hand polarization signals output by the polarizer components.
In some embodiments, a plurality of the polarizer assemblies include a plurality of polarizer compensation segments, and a number of separator polarizers corresponding to the polarizer compensation segments, wherein,
The separator polarizer is connected with the polarizer compensation section;
The left-hand polarization port of the separator polarizer is connected with the first sum-difference network I and is used for sending a left-hand polarization signal sent by the first duplexer I to the polarizer compensation section;
The right-hand polarization port of the separator polarizer is connected with the first sum-difference network II and is used for transmitting a right-hand polarization signal sent by the first duplexer II to the polarizer compensation section,
The separator polarizer is also used for sending the polarized signals sent by the polarizer compensation section to the first sum and difference network I or the first sum and difference network II.
In some implementation manners, the S feed source horns are feed source horns which are formed through cutting angles and are octagonal when seen from top to bottom, wherein the number of the S feed source horns is four, and the Q/V corrugated horns are surrounded by the four S feed source horns.
In some implementations, the second diplexer includes a second diplexer I and a second diplexer II, wherein,
The second duplexer I is used for separating a transmitting signal and a receiving signal, and receiving and transmitting a left-hand polarized signal;
the second duplexer II is used for separating a transmitting signal and a receiving signal, and receiving and transmitting a right-hand polarized signal;
the orthogonalizer is respectively connected with the second duplexer I and the second duplexer II and is used for combining or separating two signals with orthogonal polarization and has a receiving mode and a transmitting mode, wherein in the receiving mode, two independent polarization signals can be converted into two orthogonal polarization signals;
The polarizer is used for converting the orthogonal linear polarization component into a left-hand circular polarization signal and a right-hand circular polarization signal, or separating the TE11 mode signal into the left-hand circular polarization signal and the right-hand circular polarization signal.
In some implementations, the tracker is an optical wall circular waveguide mode-selective coupler, wherein,
When the antenna beam is aligned with a satellite, the tracker is used for receiving a signal from the satellite, exciting a fundamental mode signal and transmitting the fundamental mode signal to the polarizer;
When the satellite deviates from the beam axis of the antenna, the tracker is used for receiving signals from the satellite, exciting the fundamental mode signal and the higher order mode signal, sending the fundamental mode signal to the polarizer, and sending the higher order mode signal to the difference signal synthesis network.
In some embodiments, the differential signal synthesis network is connected to the tracker through a plurality of rectangular waveguide coupling hole arrays, so that the differential signal synthesis network receives the higher-order mode signal, couples out two orthogonal components, forms a circularly polarized differential mode signal, and outputs the circularly polarized differential mode signal.
In some implementations, the Q/V corrugated horn is a conical multimode corrugated horn.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for implementing a multi-band dual-polarized feed of a ground station antenna S, Q, V, which is applied to the foregoing apparatus for implementing a multi-band dual-polarized feed of a ground station antenna S, Q, V, where the method includes:
When the S frequency band transmits signals:
Selecting a left-handed or right-handed transmitting polarized signal by using a polarized switch, and transmitting the signal to a corresponding first duplexer;
Transmitting the left-handed or right-handed transmission polarization signal to a corresponding first sum-difference network by using the corresponding first duplexer;
transmitting the left-handed or right-handed transmission polarization signal to a corresponding polarizer assembly by using the corresponding first sum-difference network;
The corresponding polarizer component is utilized to control and isolate the left-handed or right-handed emission polarization signals, square waveguides are utilized to conduct polarization phase difference compensation treatment, the processed left-handed or right-handed emission polarization signals are obtained, and the processed left-handed or right-handed emission polarization signals are output to an S feed source loudspeaker;
the S feed source loudspeaker is utilized to send the processed left-handed or right-handed emission polarization signal to a target;
When the S frequency band receives signals:
receiving a signal sent by the target by using the S feed source loudspeaker and sending the signal to the polarizer component;
The polarizer component is utilized to carry out compensation processing on the signal sent by the target, and a left-hand polarization signal or a right-hand polarization signal is output to the corresponding first sum-difference network;
Processing the left-hand polarization signal or the right-hand polarization signal by using the first sum-difference network to obtain a pitch difference signal, a azimuth difference signal and a sum signal, and sending the sum signal to the corresponding first duplexer;
when the V band transmits a signal:
Directing the transmit signal to an orthogonalizer using a second diplexer;
using the orthogonalizer to orthogonalize the transmitting signal into two paths of orthogonal linear polarization components and transmitting the two paths of orthogonal linear polarization components to a polarizer;
converting the orthogonal linear polarization component into a left-hand circular polarization signal and a right-hand circular polarization signal by using the polarizer;
Transmitting the left-hand circularly polarized signal and the right-hand circularly polarized signal generated by the polarizer to a Q/V corrugated loudspeaker by using a tracker;
transmitting a left-hand circularly polarized signal and a right-hand circularly polarized signal to a satellite by using the Q/V corrugated horn;
When the Q band receives a signal:
receiving signals of a target satellite by using the Q/V corrugated horn, and exciting a basic mode and a higher order mode;
extracting a corresponding TE11 mode signal from the received basic mode by using a tracker as a main receiving mode, and transmitting the TE11 mode signal to a polarizer;
Separating the TE11 mode signal into a left-hand circularly polarized signal and a right-hand circularly polarized signal by using the polarizer;
Separating the left-hand circularly polarized signal and the right-hand circularly polarized signal into two paths of orthogonal linear polarized signals by using the orthogonalizer;
The separated orthogonal linear polarization signals are led to a receiving port by using a first duplexer, so that signal transmission is completed;
using a differential signal synthesis network to process signals generated by the higher order modes to form differential mode information of the pitching direction and the azimuth direction;
and dynamically adjusting the antenna beam direction by using the differential mode information.
The ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarized feed realizing device comprises an S-band dual-polarized feed network and a Q/V-band feed network, wherein the S-band dual-polarized feed network comprises a polarization switch, first diplexers, first sum-difference networks, a polarizer component and an S feed horn, the polarization switch is respectively connected with the two first diplexers, each first diplexer is connected with the first sum-difference networks, the output of one first sum-difference network is connected to a left-hand polarization port of the polarizer component, the output of the other first sum-difference network is connected to a right-hand polarization port of the polarizer component, each polarizer component is connected with one S feed horn, the Q/V-band feed network comprises a second diplexer, an orthorhombic device, a polarizer, a tracker and a difference signal synthesis network, and Q/V corrugated horns, the two second diplexers are respectively connected with the orthorhombic device and the tracker, the polarizer is respectively connected with the orthorhombic device and the tracker, the Q/V corrugated horns are respectively connected with the Q/V corrugated horns, and the Q/V corrugated horns are respectively connected with the Q/V corrugated horns. Through the structure, not only the S-band left-handed and right-handed signal selective transmission and the left-handed and right-handed signal frequency division multiplexing reception are realized, but also the V-band dual-polarized transmission and the Q-band dual-polarized reception are realized, and the optimal utilization effect of space and signal receiving and transmitting efficiency is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques of the present application, the drawings required for the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional techniques will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an S-band dual-polarized feed network structure of a ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarized feed implementation device in one embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a Q/V band feed network structure of a ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarized feed implementation device in one embodiment;
Fig. 3 is a method for spatial arrangement of S, Q, V multi-band feeds of a ground station antenna S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarized feed implementation device in an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the application may be readily understood, a more complete description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. Embodiments of the application are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all couplings of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood that the terms first, second, etc. as used herein may be used to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another element.
The following terms are used to explain the present application in order to understand the present application:
left-hand and right-hand are terms describing the direction of polarization of an electromagnetic wave, which refer to the direction in which an electric field vector rotates during propagation of the electromagnetic wave, wherein right-hand polarization is referred to as right-hand polarization if the electric field vector rotates clockwise from the perspective of an observer when the electromagnetic wave propagates to the observer. Left-hand polarization, conversely, if the electric field vector of an electromagnetic wave is rotated counterclockwise from the perspective of the observer, then such polarization is referred to as left-hand polarization.
Feed Network (Feed Network) refers to a set of components and circuits in an antenna system that connect an antenna to a signal source (or receiver).
A diaphragm polarizer is a device used for controlling the polarization state of signals. It is capable of converting a linear polarization signal into a circular polarization signal or converting a circular polarization signal into a linear polarization signal.
A polarizer compensation section for compensating for any phase differences or amplitude imbalance introduced by the polarizer. This compensation ensures that the left-hand and right-hand polarized signals remain consistent in amplitude and phase.
RHCP, right-hand circular polarization right-hand polarization.
LHCP, left-hand circular polarization, left-hand polarization.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in a first aspect, the present application provides a device for implementing a ground station antenna S, Q, V with a multi-band dual-polarized feed, where the device includes an S-band dual-polarized feed network and a Q/V-band feed network.
The S-band dual-polarized feed source network comprises a polarization switch, a first duplexer, a first sum-difference network, a polarizer component and an S feed source loudspeaker.
Specifically, the polarization switch is respectively connected with two first diplexers, each first diplexer is connected with a first sum-difference network, the output of one first sum-difference network is connected to a left-hand polarization port of the polarizer assembly, the output of the other first sum-difference network is connected to a right-hand polarization port of the polarizer assembly, and each polarizer assembly is connected with one S feed horn.
The polarization switch is used for selecting the polarization state of the signal, wherein the polarization state comprises a left-hand polarization signal and a right-hand polarization signal;
The two first diplexers are respectively a first diplexer I and a first diplexer II, wherein the first diplexer I is used for receiving a left-hand polarization signal selected by the polarization switch and sending the left-hand polarization signal to a first sum-difference network I, the first diplexer II is used for receiving a right-hand polarization signal selected by the polarization switch and sending the right-hand polarization signal to the first sum-difference network II, in addition, the first diplexer I is also used for receiving a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network I, and the first diplexer II is also used for receiving a sum signal sent by the first sum-difference network II.
The first sum-difference network comprises the first sum-difference network I and the first sum-difference network II. The first sum and difference network I is used for sending left-hand polarization signals sent by the first duplexer I to a plurality of polarizer components, the first sum and difference network I is also used for receiving the left-hand polarization signals output by the polarizer components, the first sum and difference network II is used for sending right-hand polarization signals sent by the first duplexer II to the polarizer components, and the first duplexer II is also used for receiving right-hand polarization signals output by the polarizer components.
The polarizer components comprise a plurality of polarizer compensation sections and partition plate polarizers, wherein the number of the partition plate polarizers is corresponding to that of the polarizer compensation sections, left-hand polarization ports of the partition plate polarizers are connected with the first sum-difference network I and used for sending left-hand polarization signals sent by the first diplexer I to the polarizer compensation sections, right-hand polarization ports of the partition plate polarizers are connected with the first sum-difference network II and used for sending right-hand polarization signals sent by the first diplexer II to the polarizer compensation sections, and the partition plate polarizers are further used for sending polarization signals received by the polarizer compensation sections to the first sum-difference network I or the first sum-difference network II.
The S feed source horns are formed through cutting angles and are octagonal feed source horns when seen from top to bottom, wherein the number of the S feed source horns is four, and the Q/V corrugated horns are surrounded by the four S feed source horns.
The Q/V frequency band feed source network comprises a second duplexer, a quadrature device, a polarizer, a tracker, a difference signal synthesis network and a Q/V corrugated loudspeaker.
Specifically, the two second diplexers are respectively connected with the orthogonalizer, the polarizer is respectively connected with the orthogonalizer and the tracker, and the tracker is respectively connected with the difference signal synthesis network and the Q/V corrugated horn.
The second diplexer comprises a second diplexer I and a second diplexer II, wherein the second diplexer I is used for separating a transmitting signal and a receiving signal, receiving and sending a left-hand polarized signal, the second diplexer II is used for separating the transmitting signal and the receiving signal, receiving and sending a right-hand polarized signal, the orthogonalizer is respectively connected with the second diplexer I and the second diplexer II and used for combining or separating two orthogonal polarized signals and has a receiving mode and a transmitting mode, the two independent polarized signals can be converted into two orthogonal polarized signals in the receiving mode, the two paths of signals can be converted into the orthogonal polarized signals in the transmitting mode, and the polarizer is used for converting the orthogonal linear polarized components into the left-hand circular polarized signal and the right-hand circular polarized signal or separating the TE11 mode signal into the left-hand circular polarized signal and the right-hand circular polarized signal.
The tracker is an optical wall circular waveguide mode-selecting coupler, when an antenna beam is aligned to a satellite, the tracker is used for receiving signals from the satellite and exciting a base mode signal to send the base film signal to the polarizer, and when the satellite deviates from an antenna beam axis, the tracker is used for receiving signals from the satellite and exciting the base film signal and a higher order mode signal to send the base film signal to the polarizer and the higher order mode signal to the difference signal synthesis network.
The differential signal synthesis network is connected with the tracker through a plurality of rectangular waveguide coupling hole arrays, so that the differential signal synthesis network receives the high-order mode signals, couples out two orthogonal components, forms circularly polarized differential mode signals and outputs the circularly polarized differential mode signals.
In one embodiment, the Q/V corrugated horn is a conical multimode corrugated horn.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for implementing a multi-band dual-polarized feed of a ground station antenna S, Q, V, which is applied to the foregoing apparatus for implementing a multi-band dual-polarized feed of a ground station antenna S, Q, V, where the method includes:
When the S frequency band transmits signals:
Selecting a left-handed or right-handed transmitting polarized signal by using a polarized switch, and transmitting the signal to a corresponding first duplexer;
Transmitting the left-handed or right-handed transmission polarization signal to a corresponding first sum-difference network by using the corresponding first duplexer;
transmitting the left-handed or right-handed transmission polarization signal to a corresponding polarizer assembly by using the corresponding first sum-difference network;
The corresponding polarizer component is utilized to control and isolate the left-handed or right-handed emission polarization signals, square waveguides are utilized to conduct polarization phase difference compensation treatment, the processed left-handed or right-handed emission polarization signals are obtained, and the processed left-handed or right-handed emission polarization signals are output to an S feed source loudspeaker;
and transmitting the processed left-handed or right-handed transmitting polarized signal to a target by using the S feed source loudspeaker.
When the S frequency band receives signals:
receiving a signal sent by the target by using the S feed source loudspeaker and sending the signal to the polarizer component;
The polarizer component is utilized to carry out compensation processing on the signal sent by the target, and a left-hand polarization signal or a right-hand polarization signal is output to the corresponding first sum-difference network;
And processing the left-hand polarization signal or the right-hand polarization signal by using the first sum-difference network to obtain a pitch difference signal, a azimuth difference signal and a sum signal, and sending the sum signal to the corresponding first duplexer.
When the V band transmits a signal:
Directing the transmit signal to an orthogonalizer using a second diplexer;
using the orthogonalizer to orthogonalize the transmitting signal into two paths of orthogonal linear polarization components and transmitting the two paths of orthogonal linear polarization components to a polarizer;
converting the orthogonal linear polarization component into a left-hand circular polarization signal and a right-hand circular polarization signal by using the polarizer;
Transmitting the left-hand circularly polarized signal and the right-hand circularly polarized signal generated by the polarizer to a Q/V corrugated loudspeaker by using a tracker;
And transmitting the left-hand circularly polarized signal and the right-hand circularly polarized signal to a satellite by using the Q/V corrugated horn.
When the Q band receives a signal:
receiving signals of a target satellite by using the Q/V corrugated horn, and exciting a basic mode and a higher order mode;
extracting a corresponding TE11 mode signal from the received basic mode by using a tracker as a main receiving mode, and transmitting the TE11 mode signal to a polarizer;
Separating the TE11 mode signal into a left-hand circularly polarized signal and a right-hand circularly polarized signal by using the polarizer;
Separating the left-hand circularly polarized signal and the right-hand circularly polarized signal into two paths of orthogonal linear polarized signals by using the orthogonalizer;
The separated orthogonal linear polarization signals are led to a receiving port by using a first duplexer, so that signal transmission is completed;
using a differential signal synthesis network to process signals generated by the higher order modes to form differential mode information of the pitching direction and the azimuth direction;
and dynamically adjusting the antenna beam direction by using the differential mode information.
Examples
The application provides a device for realizing a multi-band dual-polarized feed source of a ground station antenna S, Q, V, wherein the ground station antenna is in the form of a 13-meter Cassegrain double-reflecting-surface antenna. The feed source network mainly comprises an S frequency band feed source network and a Q/V frequency band feed source network, wherein the S feed source is formed by splicing four corner-cut pyramid horns, and the composition block diagram of the S feed source is shown in figure 1.
In the S-band signal transmitting process, a left-hand polarization (LHCP) signal or a right-hand polarization (RHCP) signal can be selected as a transmitting mode by selecting the transmitting polarization direction of the signal through a polarization switch. And then, the receiving and transmitting signals are subjected to combining or branching operation through a duplexer and are connected with a sum-difference network, so that the transmitting signals can be effectively guided to corresponding transmitting paths, and right-handed or left-handed polarized signals are respectively transmitted.
After the signals enter the separator polarizer, the polarizer performs accurate polarization control on the left-hand or right-hand polarized signals, and realizes isolation of signal paths so as to avoid mutual interference between the transmitted signals and the received signals. In addition, in order to optimize the polarization characteristics of the signals, the compensation section of the polarizer performs phase difference compensation on the polarized signals by designing accurate special square wave guides. The processing step can effectively reduce polarization errors and improve the polarization performance of signals, so that the emission signals output to the corner-cut pyramid horns are ensured to have excellent polarization axial ratio (polarization axial ratio).
Finally, the left-handed or right-handed polarized signals optimized through the process are efficiently transmitted to the target direction through the S-band feed source loudspeaker, so that the energy concentration and the direction performance of the signals are ensured to meet the requirements of satellite communication, and meanwhile, the stability and the reliability of the signals in a complex propagation environment are improved.
In the S-band signal receiving process, a left-hand polarization signal (LHCP) and a right-hand polarization signal (RHCP) are received through the corner cut pyramid loudspeaker. The received signal then enters a polarization supplementing stage, at which stage the system compensates for the polarization properties of the signal to improve the quality and polarization characteristics of the received signal.
The compensated signals are directed to a bulkhead polarizer which separates and processes the left and right hand polarized signals, respectively, and transmits the separated signals to corresponding sum and difference networks, respectively. In the sum and difference network, the left-hand and right-hand signals are further resolved, generating the following three signals:
Pitch difference signal, R △EL (Elevation DIFFERENCE SIGNAL), reflecting the deviation information of the received signal in the vertical direction, for adjusting the antenna pitch angle;
A Azimuth difference signal, R △AZ (Azimuth DIFFERENCE SIGNAL), representing deviation information of the signal in the horizontal direction, for correcting the Azimuth angle of the antenna;
And a Sum Signal, R ∑ (Sum Signal), representing the intensity and main direction of the received Signal, for precisely locating the source of the target Signal.
Finally, the generated sum signal is transmitted to a duplexer, and the duplexer branches the signal to a corresponding left-handed or right-handed receiving port (S left-handed or S right-handed receiving) according to the polarization state of the signal, so that the signal receiving and distributing are completed.
Through the processing flow, the system can effectively separate, compensate and analyze the left-hand and right-hand polarization signals, so that the receiving precision of the signals is improved, key support is provided for subsequent antenna adjustment and target locking, and the reliability and stability under a complex communication environment are ensured.
In summary, through the above method, the S-band left-handed and right-handed signals are selectively transmitted, and the left-handed and right-handed signals are received in a frequency division multiplexing manner.
The Q/V frequency band feed source network consists of a corrugated conical horn, a tracker, a difference signal synthesis network, a polarizer, an orthorhombic device, a duplexer, a connecting waveguide and the like. A block diagram of the Q/V frequency band feed source network is shown in figure 2.
The Q, V frequency band feed source network adopts a working system of a multimode circularly polarized feed source, and the core design is based on the working principle of a conical multimode corrugated loudspeaker. By utilizing the field pattern distribution and radiation characteristics of the fundamental mode and the higher order mode in the circular waveguide, the high-efficiency transmission and reception of signals are realized. In this design, the fundamental mode (HE 11 mode) is used primarily to form the main beam pattern, responsible for the energy concentration of the signal in the main direction, while the higher order mode (HE 21 mode) forms the difference pattern, which is used to provide difference information from the main beam direction.
When the antenna beam axis is precisely aligned with the target (satellite), the incoming wave signal excites only the fundamental mode (HE 11 mode) in the conical corrugated horn, thereby focusing the primary direction signal. While when the target deviates from the antenna beam axis, the incoming wave signal excites both fundamental mode and Gao Cimo (HE 21 mode). At this time, the primary mode continues to keep the signal energy concentrated in the main direction, while the higher order mode provides deviation information for subsequent beam correction and target tracking, so as to ensure the dynamic response capability of the system.
To further optimize mode selection and signal separation, the Q/V band feed network is designed with an optical wall circular waveguide mode-selecting coupler (also known as a tracker). The pass-through arm of the tracker allows only the TE11 mode signal to pass through, which enables the main mode signal to be the primary mode of transmission and reception in an efficient manner. And two orthogonal TE21 mode signals are coupled out by using eight rectangular waveguide coupling hole arrays through the side arms. These signals are then fed into a differential signal synthesis network, which generates circularly polarized differential mode signals in pitch and azimuth directions for real-time correction of the antenna beam direction.
In the main mode signal processing part, TE11 mode signals output by the straight-through arm sequentially pass through the polarizer and the orthogonalizer. The polarizer converts TE11 mode signals into left-hand circularly polarized signals (LHCP) and right-hand circularly polarized signals (RHCP), so that the polarization characteristics of the signals are ensured to meet the requirements of a dual-polarization system. The orthogonalizer further orthogonalizes the signals to form orthogonal components, and signal processing efficiency is optimized. In order to realize high isolation of the receiving and transmitting signals, the system is provided with a duplexer, the interference between the receiving and transmitting signals is obviously reduced through accurate path isolation, and the stability and the reliability of the system are improved.
Through the design, the Q/V frequency band feed source network successfully realizes the working system of the multimode circularly polarized feed source. The V frequency band supports efficient transmission of dual-polarized signals, and accuracy and coverage capability of the transmitted signals are ensured through energy concentration characteristics of a fundamental mode and direction correction capability of a higher order mode. In the Q frequency band, the system can accurately separate and process the received signals, and dynamically adjust the beam direction of the antenna by combining the direction deviation information generated by the differential mode signals, so as to ensure the stability and accuracy of signal reception. The design fully embodies the advantages of the multimode feed source in a complex communication scene, not only improves the reliability of the system, but also meets the requirements of multi-band and multi-polarization communication.
Examples
In the design of the multi-frequency band feed source, the center of each feed source is located at the center of the antenna shaft, so that requirements of different frequency bands are required to be weighed in the arrangement of feed source horns, the feed source horns of which frequency bands are reasonably selected to be arranged at the center of the antenna shaft, and the feed source horns of which frequency bands can be split and symmetrically arranged at the periphery. The arrangement scheme not only relates to the physical structure of the antenna system, but also has important influence on the signal receiving and transmitting efficiency of each frequency band.
Firstly, the S-band is mainly used for satellite measurement and control, and the requirements of the communication requirements on EIRP (effective omnidirectional radiation power) and G/T (antenna gain to noise temperature ratio) are relatively low. In addition, the S-band feed source loudspeaker is large in size and occupies more space. If the antenna is arranged at the center of the antenna axis, the feed source arrangement of other frequency bands can be limited, and the space utilization of the whole system can be reduced. Therefore, in the design scheme, the S-band feed source horn is split into four small horns, and the four small horns are symmetrically arranged in the peripheral area of the antenna shaft.
In contrast, the Q/V frequency band is mainly used for high-speed data transmission, and has higher performance requirements on EIRP and G/T. Meanwhile, the Q/V frequency band feed source loudspeaker is small in size, and limited space can be utilized more efficiently. In order to meet the performance requirement and optimize the signal transmission efficiency to the maximum extent, a feed source loudspeaker of a Q/V frequency band is directly arranged at the center of an antenna shaft in the design. The layout mode not only ensures the high performance requirement of the Q/V frequency band, but also provides space flexibility for realizing the multi-frequency band shared antenna.
The hollow position surrounded by four symmetrically arranged S-band feed source horns can be just used for installing Q/V cone multimode corrugated horns. The design fully utilizes the feed source space, so that the antenna has compact structure, and meanwhile, the functional integration of the S frequency band and the Q/V frequency band is realized, and the optimal balance of space utilization and signal receiving and transmitting efficiency is achieved.
Through the feed source arrangement mode, the system not only meets the respective functional requirements of the S frequency band and the Q/V frequency band, but also optimizes the space layout to the maximum extent, improves the overall performance of the multi-band antenna, and provides reliable guarantee for complex satellite communication application.
In summary, in the design of a certain high-orbit wideband communication satellite, the Q/V frequency band is adopted as the main frequency band for realizing high-speed data transmission and high-bandwidth communication according to the measurement and control and data transmission requirements of satellite-to-ground communication. The selection fully utilizes the advantages of rich Q/V frequency band resources, wide bandwidth and few interference sources, thereby remarkably improving the communication efficiency and capacity. However, the sensitivity of the Q/V frequency band to the atmospheric environment is high, and the Q/V frequency band is easily influenced by weather factors such as rain attenuation and the like, and communication interruption can be caused under extreme weather conditions, so that the system also introduces the S frequency band as a backup frequency band for measurement and control. The S frequency band has strong penetrating power to the atmosphere, can keep stable satellite-ground communication in severe weather, and provides reliable guarantee for satellite measurement and control, thereby overcoming the defect of Q/V frequency band.
In order to meet the requirement of S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarized frequency multiplexing in satellite communication, the application comprehensively designs and optimizes the ground station antenna feed source network. Specifically, the feed source network realizes the communication function of simultaneously supporting S, Q, V three frequency bands, and has dual polarization capability of left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) for each frequency band. The design not only improves the utilization efficiency of the frequency spectrum, but also ensures that the signal transmission of satellite-to-ground communication is more stable and efficient.
Through the implementation of the multi-band dual-polarized feed source network, the system can flexibly cope with complex communication environments, namely under normal conditions, a main Q/V band provides high-performance support for satellite-ground high-speed data transmission, and under extreme conditions, an S band is used as an emergency measure for measurement and control, so that the reliability and the continuity of a communication link are ensured. Meanwhile, the dual-polarization design of the feed source network also provides important technical support for the separation, receiving and transmitting isolation and anti-interference capability improvement of the multi-band signals.
The solution to S, Q, V multi-band dual-polarized frequency multiplexing requirement successfully realizes the function integration and performance optimization of inter-satellite multi-band communication, fully meets the comprehensive requirement of the high-orbit broadband communication satellite in the aspects of measurement and control and data transmission, and provides powerful support for the stable operation and high-efficiency communication of the satellite.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory. The nonvolatile memory can include Read Only Memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (SYNCHLINK) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM), among others.
The various embodiments in this disclosure are described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of the various embodiments are all referred to each other, and each embodiment is mainly described as different from other embodiments.
The scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
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