CN119604194A - 除草组合物 - Google Patents
除草组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN119604194A CN119604194A CN202380055896.0A CN202380055896A CN119604194A CN 119604194 A CN119604194 A CN 119604194A CN 202380055896 A CN202380055896 A CN 202380055896A CN 119604194 A CN119604194 A CN 119604194A
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- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN ABVVEAHYODGCLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O SZHOJFHSIKHZHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRZWQKGABZFFKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsulfonium Chemical compound C[S+](C)C NRZWQKGABZFFKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRYSAWZMIRQUBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsulfoxonium Chemical compound C[S+](C)(C)=O YRYSAWZMIRQUBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOLZXLYYPCOPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylsulfanium Chemical compound CCC[S+](CCC)CCC OOLZXLYYPCOPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及组合物,其包含具有式(I)的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐作为组分(A):以及至少一种选自由以下组成的组的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐作为组分(B):并且涉及它们在控制植物或抑制植物生长中的用途。
Description
本发明涉及新颖的除草组合及其在控制植物或抑制植物生长中的用途。除草异噁唑烷酮披露于例如US 4405357中。
根据本发明的第一方面,提供了一种组合物,其包含具有式(I)化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐作为组分(A):
以及,至少一种选自由以下组成的组的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐作为组分(B):
在第二方面,本发明提供了本发明的组合物作为除草剂的用途。
在第三方面,本发明提供了(i)抑制植物生长,以及(ii)控制植物的方法,所述方法包括向这些植物、其部分或其场所施用除草有效量的本发明的组合物。
在第四方面,本发明提供了一种选择性地控制有用植物的作物中的草和/或杂草的方法,该方法包括向有用植物、其部分或其场所或向栽培区域施用除草有效量的本发明的组合物,优选地除了通过手术或疗法治疗人体或动物体的方法以及在人体或动物体上实施的诊断方法之外。
在该方法的一些实例中,组分(A)和组分(B)以0.05至5000g/ha、优选1至3000g/ha、优选5至1000g/ha的量施用。
在该方法的一些实例中,组分(A)以10至1000g/ha的量施用,并且组分(B)以1至4000g/ha的量施用。
在第五方面,本发明提供了一种包含本发明的组合物的配制品,该配制品包含按重量计0.01%至90%的活性剂、0至25%的农业上可接受的表面活性剂以及10%至99.9%的固体或液体配制惰性剂和一种或多种辅助剂。
在第六方面,本发明提供了一种用于由使用者稀释的浓缩组合物,该浓缩组合物包含本发明的组合物,浓缩组合物包含按重量计2%至80%、优选地在约5%与70%之间的活性剂。
在某些实例中,组分(A)和组分(B)以0.001:1至1000:1、0.01:1至100:1、0.1:1至10:1、0.5:1至5:1、约1:1、约0.5:1或约0.1:1的重量比存在。
在某些实例中,具有式(A)的化合物和具有式(B)的化合物是组合物中仅有的除草活性化合物。相应地,在某些实施例中,该组合物由组分A和组分B组成,可选地额外地由一种或多种农业上可接受的配制辅助剂和/或农用化学上可接受的稀释剂或载体组成。
当将活性成分组合时,对于任何给定的活性成分组合,预期的作用(E)服从所谓的科尔比(Colby)公式并且可以按以下进行计算(Colby,S.R.,Calculating synergisticand antagonistic responses of herbicide combination[计算除草剂组合的协同和拮抗反应],Weeds[杂草],第15期,第20-22页;1967):
ppm=每升的活性成分(a.i.)的毫克数
X=使用p ppm的活性成分按第一活性成分计的%作用
Y=使用q ppm的活性成分按第二活性成分计的%作用。
根据科尔比,使用p+q ppm的活性成分,预期的活性成分A+B的作用是由下式表示:
如果实际观察到的作用(O)大于预期的作用E,那么该组合的作用是超级加性的,即存在协同作用。在数学方面,协同作用对应于(O-E)的差的正值。在纯互补性添加活性物(期待的活性)的情况下,所述差(O-E)为零。所述差(O-E)的负值标志着与期待的活性相比,活性的损失。
具有式I的化合物和具有式B-1至B-20的化合物都是有效的除草化合物。具有式I的化合物被称为CAS号2766607-82-1,并且可以通过FR 2483406和US 4405357中所述的方法制备。
化合物B-1描述于EP 239414A1中。化合物B-2描述于EP 239414A1中。化合物B-3描述于GB 917253A中。化合物B-4描述于EP 186118A2中。化合物B-5描述于US 3244501A中。化合物B-6描述于DE 2232263A中。化合物B-7描述于FR 1328112A中。化合物B-8描述于DE19933260A中。化合物B-9描述于WO 02062770A1中。化合物B-10描述于DE 3422346A中。化合物B-11描述于WO 0236595A2中。化合物B-12描述于US2655445A中。化合物B-13描述于WO9213845A1中。化合物B-14描述于DE 4335297A中。化合物B-15描述于GB 2192877A中。化合物B-16描述于EP 0348737A1中。化合物B-17描述于DE 2137992A1中。化合物B-18描述于EP0477808A1中。化合物B-19描述于EP 0044808A2中。化合物B-20描述于EP 0053011A1中。
因此,本发明的组合利用了任何叠加的除草活性,并且某些实施例甚至可以展现出协同作用。只要活性成分组合的作用大于单独组分的作用之和,就存在协同作用。
本发明的组合还可以提供与每个单独组分所获得的活性相比扩大的活性谱,和/或当与单独使用时相比组合使用时允许使用更低比率的单独组分,以便调节有效除草活性。
此外,当与单独的组分(A)或组分(B)的作用相比时,本发明的组合物也可以示出增加的作物耐受性。当活性成分组合的作用比单独的活性成分之一的作用对有用作物的损害更小时,发生这种情况。
在组分(A)和(B)的化合物中一个或多个可能的不对称碳原子的存在意味着化合物可以手性异构体形式存在,即对映异构体或非对映异构体的形式。作为围绕单键的受限旋转的结果,还可能存在阻转异构体。式(I)和B-1至B-20旨在包括所有那些可能的异构体形式及其混合物。本发明包括所有那些可能的异构体形式及其混合物。同样地,式(I)和B-1至B-20旨在包括(在可能的情况下)所有酯及其混合物,例如羧酸甲基酯、羧酸丙-2-丙炔基酯和羧酸氰基甲基酯及其混合物。同样地,上述式旨在包括所有可能的互变异构体(包括内酰胺-内酰亚胺互变异构和酮-烯醇互变异构)(当存在时)。本发明包括化合物的所有可能的互变异构体形式。本发明包括所有这些可能的异构体形式及其混合物。
本发明的组合物的化合物将典型地以农艺学上可接受的盐、两性离子或农艺学上可接受的两性离子的盐的形式所提供。本发明涵盖所有此类农艺学上可接受的盐、两性离子及其全部比例的混合物。
如在本发明中所使用的,用于组分(A)和(B)的合适的农艺学上可接受的盐包括阴离子,这些阴离子选自但不限于氯化物、溴化物、碘化物、氟化物、2-萘磺酸盐、乙酸盐、己二酸盐、甲醇盐、乙醇盐、丙醇盐、丁醇盐、天冬氨酸盐、苯磺酸盐、苯甲酸盐、碳酸氢盐、硫酸氢盐、酒石酸氢盐、丁基硫酸盐、丁基磺酸盐、丁酸盐、樟脑酸盐、樟脑磺酸盐、癸酸盐、己酸盐、辛酸盐、碳酸盐、柠檬酸盐、二磷酸盐、依地酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、庚酸盐、乙二磺酸盐、乙磺酸盐、乙基硫酸盐、甲酸盐、富马酸盐、葡庚糖酸盐、葡糖酸盐、葡糖醛酸盐、谷氨酸盐、甘油磷酸盐、十七烷酸盐、十六烷酸盐、硫酸氢盐、氢氧化物、羟萘甲酸盐、羟乙磺酸盐、乳酸盐、乳糖酸盐、月桂酸盐、苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、扁桃酸盐、甲磺酸盐、甲二磺酸盐、甲基硫酸盐、粘酸盐、肉豆蔻酸盐、萘磺酸盐、硝酸盐、十九烷酸盐、十八烷酸盐、草酸盐、壬酸盐、十五烷酸盐、五氟丙酸盐、高氯酸盐、磷酸盐、丙酸盐、丙基硫酸盐、丙基磺酸盐、琥珀酸盐、硫酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲苯磺酸盐、十三烷酸盐、三氟甲磺酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、十一烷酸盐和戊酸盐;并且对于组分(A)和(B)中的每一个可以相同或可以不同。
合适的阳离子包括但不限于金属、胺的共轭酸和有机阳离子,并且对于组分(A)和(B)中的每一个可以相同或可以不同。合适的金属的实例包括铝、钙、铯、铜、锂、镁、锰、钾、钠、铁和锌。合适的胺的实例包括烯丙胺、氨、戊胺、精氨酸、苯乙苄胺、苄星青霉素、丁烯基-2-胺、丁胺、丁基乙醇胺、环己胺、癸胺、二戊胺、二丁胺、二乙醇胺、二乙胺、二乙三胺、二庚胺、二己胺、二异戊胺、二异丙胺、二甲胺、二辛胺、二丙醇胺、二炔丙胺、二丙胺、十二胺、乙醇胺、乙胺、乙基丁胺、乙二胺、乙基庚胺、乙基辛胺、乙基丙醇胺、十七胺、庚胺、十六胺、己烯基-2-胺、己胺、己基庚胺、己基辛胺、组氨酸、吲哚啉、异戊胺、异丁醇胺、异丁胺、异丙醇胺、异丙胺、赖氨酸、葡甲胺、甲氧基乙胺、甲胺、甲基丁胺、甲基乙胺、甲基己胺、甲基异丙胺、甲基壬胺、甲基十八胺、甲基十五胺、吗啉、N,N-二乙基乙醇胺、N-甲基哌嗪、壬胺、十八胺、辛胺、油胺、十五胺、戊烯基-2-胺、苯氧基乙胺、甲基吡啶、哌嗪、哌啶、丙醇胺、丙胺、丙二胺、吡啶、吡咯烷、仲丁胺、硬脂酰胺、牛脂胺、十四胺、三丁胺、三癸胺、三甲胺、三庚胺、三己胺、三异丁胺、三异癸胺、三异丙胺、三甲胺、三戊胺、三丙胺、三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷和十一胺。合适的有机阳离子的实例包括苄基三丁基铵、苄基三甲基铵、苄基三苯基鏻、胆碱、四丁基铵、四丁基鏻、四乙基铵、四乙基鏻、四甲基铵、四甲基鏻、四丙基铵、四丙基鏻、三丁基锍、三丁基氧化锍、三乙基锍、三乙基氧化锍、三甲基锍、三甲基氧化锍、三丙基锍和三丙基氧化锍。
组分(A)和(B)的除草剂是本领域熟知的并且可以商购获得或使用本领域可得的方法来制造。表1描述了根据本发明的组分(A)和(B)的具体组合。
表1-包含具有式(I)的化合物作为组分(A)以及选自由具有式B-1至B-20的化合物组成的组的除草剂作为组分(B)的本发明组合物。
贯穿本文件,表述“组合物”应被解释为意指组分(A)和(B)的不同混合物或组合,例如以单一的“掺水即用”的形式,以组合的喷洒混合物(其由单一活性成分的单独配制品构成,如“桶混剂”),以及当以顺序的方式(即,一个在另一个之后,以适度短的时间段,如几小时或几天)施用时组合使用这些单一活性成分。对于实现本发明,施用组分(A)和(B)的顺序并不是重要的。
如本文所用,术语“除草剂”意指控制或改变植物生长的化合物。术语“除草有效量”意指能够对植物生长产生控制或改变效果的此种化合物或此类化合物的组合的量。控制或改变的作用包括所有从自然发育的偏离,例如,杀死、阻滞、叶灼伤、白化病、矮化病等。
如本文所用,术语“场所”意指植物在其中或其上生长的地方,或栽培植物的种子被播种的地方,或者种子将要被置于土壤中的地方。它包括土壤、种子和幼苗,以及建立的植被。
术语“植物”是指植物的所有有形部分,包括种子、幼苗、幼树、根、块茎、茎、秆、叶子、和果实。
术语“植物繁殖材料”表示植物的所有生殖部分,例如植物的种子或营养性部分如插条以及块茎。它包括严格意义上的种子、以及根、果实、块茎、球茎、根茎和植物各部分。
如本文所用,术语“安全剂”意指化学品,该化学品在与除草剂组合使用时减少了除草剂对非目标有机体的不期望的作用,例如,安全剂保护作物免受抗除草剂的损伤,但是不会防止除草剂杀死杂草。
根据本发明的组合物可以用于其中的有用植物作物包括多年生和一年生作物,如浆果植物,例如黑莓、蓝莓、蔓越莓、树莓以及草莓;谷物,例如大麦、玉蜀黍(玉米)、粟、燕麦、稻、黑麦、高粱、黑小麦以及小麦;纤维植物,例如棉花、亚麻、大麻、黄麻以及剑麻;大田作物,例如糖甜菜和饲料甜菜、咖啡豆、啤酒花、芥菜、油菜(卡诺拉(canola))、罂粟、甘蔗、向日葵、茶以及烟草;果树,例如苹果、杏、鳄梨、香蕉、樱桃、柑橘、油桃、桃、梨以及李子;草,例如百慕达草、蓝草、本特草、蜈蚣草、牛毛草、黑麦草、圣奥古斯丁草以及结缕草;药草,如罗勒、琉璃苣、细香葱、胡荽、薰衣草、独活草、薄荷、牛至、荷兰芹、迷迭香、鼠尾草以及百里香;豆类,例如菜豆、小扁豆、豌豆以及大豆;坚果,例如杏仁、腰果、落花生、榛子、花生、山核桃、开心果以及核桃;棕榈植物,例如油棕榈;观赏植物,例如花卉、灌木以及树木;其他树木,例如可可树、椰子树、橄榄树以及橡胶树;蔬菜,例如芦笋、茄子、西兰花、卷心菜、胡萝卜、黄瓜、大蒜、莴苣、西葫芦、甜瓜、秋葵、洋葱、胡椒、马铃薯、南瓜、大黄、菠菜以及番茄;和葡萄藤,例如葡萄。
作物应当被理解为是天然存在的、通过常规的育种方法获得或通过基因工程获得的那些。它们包括具有所谓的产出(output)性状(例如改善的储存稳定性、更高的营养价值以及改善的风味)的作物。
作物应被理解为还包括通过常规的育种方法或通过基因工程已经赋予对除草剂或多种类别的除草剂(例如ALS-抑制剂、GS-抑制剂、EPSPS-抑制剂、PPO-抑制剂、ACC酶-抑制剂和HPPD-抑制剂)的耐受性的那些作物。通过常规的育种方法已经赋予对咪唑啉酮(例如,甲氧咪草烟)的耐受性的作物的实例是夏季油菜(卡诺拉)。通过基因工程方法已经赋予对除草剂的耐受性的作物的实例包括例如具有草甘膦和草铵膦抗性的玉米品种,这些玉米品种以商标名和是可商购的。
农作物还应理解为通过基因工程方法已经赋予其对有害昆虫有抗性的那些农作物,例如Bt玉蜀黍(对欧洲玉米螟有抗性)、Bt棉花(对棉铃象鼻虫有抗性)和还有Bt马铃薯(对科罗拉多甲虫有抗性)。Bt玉米的实例是的Bt 176玉米杂交体(先正达种子公司(Syngenta Seeds))。Bt毒素是由苏芸金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)土壤细菌天然形成的蛋白质。毒素或能够合成此类毒素的转基因植物的实例描述于EP-A-451 878、EP-A-374 753、WO 93/07278、WO 95/34656、WO 03/052073和EP-A-427 529中。包含一个或多个编码杀昆虫抗性和表达一种或多种毒素的基因的转基因植物的实例是(玉米)、Yield(玉米)、(棉花)、(棉花)、(马铃薯)、以及植物作物或其种子材料均可以是抗除草剂的并且同时是抗昆虫摄食的(“叠加的”转基因事件)。例如,种子可以具有表达杀昆虫Cry3蛋白的能力,而同时对草甘膦是耐受的。
本发明的组合物典型地可以用于控制多种单子叶和双子叶杂草物种。典型地可以被控制的单子叶物种的实例包括大穗看麦娘(Alopecurus myosuroides)、野燕麦(Avenafatua)、车前臂形草(Brachiaria plantaginea)、旱雀麦(Bromus tectorum)、油莎草(Cyperus esculentus)、马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis)、稗草(Echinochloa crus-galli)、黑麦草属物种(Lolium spp)(包括多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne)、多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)和硬直黑麦草(Lolium rigidum))、黍稷(Panicum miliaceum)、一年生早熟禾(Poa annua)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis)、大狗尾草(Setaria faberi)和两色蜀黍(Sorghum bicolor)。可以被控制的双子叶物种的实例包括:苘麻(Abutilontheophrasti)、反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus)、鬼针草(Bidens pilosa)、藜草(Chenopodium album)、白苞猩猩草(Euphorbia heterophylla)、猪殃殃(Galiumaparine)、碗仔花(Ipomoea hederacea)、地肤(Kochia scoparia)、卷茎蓼(Polygonumconvolvulus)、刺金午时花(Sida spinosa)、新疆野生油菜(Sinapis arvensis)、龙葵(Solanum nigrum)、繁缕(Stellaria media)、波斯婆婆纳(eronica persica)和苍耳(Xanthium strumarium)。
在本发明的所有方面,在任何特定实施例中,例如有待控制和/或抑制生长的杂草可以是耐受一种或多种其他除草剂或对其有抗性的单子叶或双子叶杂草,这些除草剂例如,HPPD抑制剂除草剂如硝草酮、PSII抑制剂除草剂如莠去津、ACC酶抑制剂除草剂或EPSPS抑制剂如草甘膦。这样的杂草包括但不限于抗性苋属生物型。在实施例中,此类杂草包括抗ACC酶抑制剂的草。
本发明的组合物也可以与一种或多种另外的农药混合,这些农药包括除草剂(不同于具有式(I)的除草剂和组分(B)的那些)、杀真菌剂、杀昆虫剂、杀线虫剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂、生长调节剂、化学不育剂、化学信息素、驱虫剂、引诱剂、信息素、取食刺激剂或其他生物活性化合物以形成给出甚至更广谱农业保护的多组分农药。
类似地,本发明的组合物(包括包含一种或多种如前段所述的额外的农药的那些)可以进一步包含一种或多种安全剂。特别地,以下安全剂是尤其优选的:AD 67(MON 4660)、解草嗪、解毒喹、解草胺腈、环丙磺酰胺、二氯丙烯胺、二环酮(dicyclonon)、增效磷、解草唑、解草啶、解草安、氟草肟、解草恶唑、呋烟腙(furilazome)、双苯恶唑酸、吡唑解草酯、甲酚盐(mephenate)、解草腈、萘二甲酸酐(CAS RN 81-84-5)、TI-35、N-异丙基-4-(2-甲氧基-苯甲酰基氨磺酰基)-苯甲酰胺(CAS RN 221668-34-4)和N-(2-甲氧基苯甲酰基)-4-[(甲基氨基羰基)氨基]苯磺酰胺。此类安全剂还可以呈酯或盐的形式,如在The PesticideManual[农药手册](第15版(BCPC),2009)中所提及的。因此,提及甲基解毒喹还适用于解毒喹以及一种锂、钠、钾、钙、镁、铝、铁、铵、季铵、锍或其鏻盐(如在WO 02/34048中披露的),并且提及乙基解草唑还适用于解草唑等。
本发明的组合物可以在作物种植之前或之后,杂草出现之前(出苗前施用)或者在杂草出现之后(出苗后施用)施用。当安全剂与本发明的混合物组合时,优选的是具有式(I)的化合物与安全剂的混合比为100:1至1:10,尤其是20:1至1:1。
本发明的安全剂和组合物可以同时施用。例如,可以将本发明的安全剂和组合物在出苗前施用至场所或者可以在出苗后施用至作物上。本发明的安全剂和组合物还有可能顺序施用。例如,可以在播种种子之前施用安全剂以作为种子处理,并且可以将本发明的组合物在出苗前施用至场所或者可以在出苗后施用至作物上。
然而,技术人员将理解本发明的组合物可以进一步用于非选择性燃尽(burn-down)应用,并且因此也可用于控制自生自长(volunteer)或逃逸作物(escape crop)植物。在这种情况下,显然没有必要在本发明的组合物中包含安全剂。
总体上,具有式(I)的化合物与组分B的化合物的混合比(按重量计)是0.001:1至1000:1、优选地0.001:1至500:1、更优选地0.01:1至50:1、甚至更优选地0.1:1至5:1。本发明的优选组合物1.001至1.020的示例性A:B比率范围在下表2中给出。
表2:本发明的特定组合物的示例性比率范围
技术人员将理解,对于在以上表2中所述的组合物编号1.001至1.020中的任一个的A:B的最优选的比率范围为1:1000至5:1,并且表2中所述的组合物编号1.001至1.020中的每一个可以以下列单个比率中的任一个使用:1:1000、1:50、1:100、1:50、1:30、1:15、1:10、1:8、2:15、3:20、1:6、1:5、1:4、4:15、3:10、1:3、5:14、3:8、2:5、8:15、3:5、5:7、3:4、4:5、1:2、1:1、16:15、6:5、4:3、10:7、3:2、8:5、5:3、2:1、12:5、8:3、20:7、16:5、10:3、4:1、和8:1。
在一些实施例中,组分(B)选自B-4、B-6、B-7、B-9、B-16和B-20。
在一些实施例中,具有式(I)的化合物与组分(B)的重量比在约1:8至8:1的范围内,优选是约1:8、1:6、1:4、1:2、1:1、2:1、4:1、6:1或8:1。
在实施例中,组合物编号1.004用于控制大穗看麦娘、马唐、稗草、大狗尾草、反枝苋、苘麻、藜草、多年生黑麦草和/或碗仔花。在实施例中,组合物编号1.004的A:B的比率范围是4:1至1:1,如约4:1、3:1、2:1或1:1,优选是4:1至2:1。
在实施例中,组合物编号1.006用于控制大穗看麦娘、马唐、稗草、大狗尾草、反枝苋、苘麻、藜草、多年生黑麦草和/或碗仔花。在实施例中,组合物编号1.006的A:B的比率范围是4:1至1:1,如约4:1、3:1、2:1或1:1。
在实施例中,组合物编号1.007用于控制大穗看麦娘、马唐、稗草、大狗尾草、反枝苋、苘麻、藜草、多年生黑麦草和/或碗仔花。在实施例中,组合物编号1.007的A:B的比率范围是1:8至1:1,如约1:8、1:6、1:4、1:2或1:1。
在实施例中,组合物编号1.009用于控制大穗看麦娘、马唐、稗草、大狗尾草、反枝苋、苘麻、藜草、多年生黑麦草和/或碗仔花。在实施例中,组合物编号1.009的A:B的比率范围是4:1至1:1,如约4:1、3:1、2:1或1:1。在实施例中,包含比率为1:1、2:1或4:1的化合物A和B-9的组合物用于控制多年生黑麦草。在实施例中,该组合物在出苗前施用。
在实施例中,组合物编号1.016用于控制大穗看麦娘、马唐、稗草、大狗尾草、反枝苋、苘麻、藜草、多年生黑麦草和/或碗仔花。在实施例中,组合物编号1.016的A:B的比率范围是8:1至1:1,如约8:1、6:1、4:1、3:1、2:1或1:1。
在实施例中,组合物编号1.020用于控制大穗看麦娘、马唐、稗草、大狗尾草、反枝苋、苘麻、藜草、多年生黑麦草和/或碗仔花。在实施例中,组合物编号1.020的A:B的比率范围是4:1至1:1,如约4:1、3:1、2:1或1:1。
当在本发明的组合物中施用时,组分(A)典型地以至少5g/ha或至少10g/ha、优选地至少20g/ha、更优选地至少50g/ha、还更优选地至少75g/ha的量,特别地以100至2500g/ha、更特别地200、250、300、400、500、600、700、750、800、1000、1250、1500、1800、或2000g/ha的量施用。在示例性实施例中,组分(A)以10-1000g/ha的量、优选地以50-500g/ha的量、更优选地以100-200g/ha的量施用。
这样的组分(A)的量典型地与至少0.05g/ha、优选地至少0.1g/ha、更优选地至少1g/ha的组分B,典型地5至4000g/ha的组分B结合施用,并且更具体地与0.1、0.5、1、5、10、15、20、25、30、50、75、100、125、140、150、200、250、300、400、500、750、850、1000、1250、1400、1500、1800、2000、2500、3000、3500、4000或5000g/ha的组分(B)结合施用。在示例性实施例中,组分(B)以0.1-5000g/ha的量、优选地以1-500g/ha的量、更优选地以5-200g/ha的量施用。
本文所述的实例说明但不限制可用于本发明中的组分(A)与(B)的比率范围。
本发明的优选组合物的示例性施用量(以g/ha计)在下表3中给出。
表3:本发明组合物的组分的示例性施用量
待施用的根据本发明的组合物的量将取决于各种因素,如所使用的化合物;处理的对象,例如像植物、土壤或种子;处理的类型,例如像喷雾、撒粉或拌种;或施用时间。在农业实践中,根据本发明的组合物的施用量取决于所期望的作用的类型,并且典型地在10至4000g、并且更通常地在55与2000g/ha之间的总组合物/公顷的范围内。通常通过喷洒该组合物进行施用,典型地是通过用于大面积的装在拖拉机上的喷洒机,但是还可以使用其他方法如撒粉(针对粉末)、滴加或浸灌。
本发明的组合物可以有利地用于下述配制品中(在这种情况下,“活性成分”涉及具有式(I)的化合物与组分B的化合物的相应混合物,或,当还使用安全剂时,具有式(I)的化合物与组分B的化合物和安全剂的相应混合物)。
本发明组合物的单独组分可以用作所生产的技术活性成分。然而,更典型地,根据本发明的组合物可以使用配制辅助剂(如载体、溶剂和表面活性物质)以多种方式配制。这些配制品可以呈不同的实体形式,例如,呈以下形式:撒粉粉末、凝胶、可湿性粉末、水可分散性颗粒剂、水可分散性片剂、泡腾压缩片剂、可乳化的浓缩物、可微乳化的浓缩物、水包油乳剂、可流动油、水性分散体、油性分散体、悬乳剂、胶囊悬浮液、可乳化的颗粒剂、可溶性液体、水可溶性浓缩物(以水或水混溶性有机溶剂作为载体)、浸渍的聚合物膜或呈已知的其他形式,例如从Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHO Specifications forPesticides[关于农药的FAO和WHO标准的发展和使用的手册],联合国,第1版,二次修订(2010)中已知的。此类配制品可以直接使用或者可以使用前稀释再使用。可以例如用水、液体肥料、微量营养素、生物有机体、油或溶剂进行稀释。
可以通过例如将活性成分与配制辅助剂混合来制备这些配制品以便获得以精细分散固体、颗粒、溶液、分散体或乳剂形式的组合物。这些活性成分还可以与其他辅助剂(如精细分散固体、矿物油、植物或动物来源的油、改性的植物或动物来源的油、有机溶剂、水、表面活性物质或其组合)一起配制。
这些活性成分还可以被包含于非常精细的微胶囊中。微胶囊在多孔载体中含有活性成分。这使得活性成分能够以受控的量释放(例如,缓慢释放)到环境中。微胶囊通常具有0.1至500微米的直径。它们包含的活性成分的量按重量计是胶囊重量的约25%至95%。这些活性成分可以处于整体性的固体的形式、处于固体或液体分散体中的精细颗粒的形式或处于合适的溶液的形式。包囊的膜可以包含例如天然的或合成的橡胶、纤维素、苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯酸酯、聚酯、聚酰胺、聚脲、聚氨酯或化学改性的聚合物以及淀粉黄原酸酯、或本领域的技术人员已知的其他聚合物。可替代地,可以形成非常精细的微胶囊,其中活性成分是以精细分散颗粒的形式被包含在基础物质的固体基质中,但这些微胶囊本身未经包裹。
适合于制备根据本发明的组合物的配制辅助剂本身是已知的。作为液体载体可以使用:水、甲苯、二甲苯、石油醚、植物油、丙酮、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、酸酐、乙腈、乙酰苯、乙酸戊酯、2-丁酮、碳酸亚丁酯、氯苯、环己烷、环己醇、乙酸烷基酯、二丙酮醇、1,2-二氯丙烷、二乙醇胺、对-二乙基苯、二甘醇、松香酸二乙二醇酯、二甘醇丁基醚、二甘醇乙基醚、二甘醇甲醚、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜、1,4-二噁烷、二丙二醇、二丙二醇甲基醚、双丙甘醇二苯甲酸酯、二丙二醇、烷基吡咯烷酮、乙酸乙酯、2-乙基己醇、碳酸亚乙酯、1,1,1-三氯乙烷、2-庚酮、α-蒎烯、d-苧烯、乳酸乙酯、乙二醇、乙二醇丁基醚、乙二醇甲基醚、γ-丁内酯、丙三醇、乙酸甘油酯、二乙酸甘油酯、三乙酸甘油酯、十六烷、己二醇、乙酸异戊基酯、乙酸异冰片基酯、异辛烷、异佛尔酮、异丙苯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、乳酸、月桂胺、异亚丙基丙酮、甲氧基丙醇、甲基异戊基酮、甲基异丁基酮、月桂酸甲酯、辛酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、二氯甲烷、间二甲苯、正己烷、正辛胺、十八烷酸、辛胺乙酸酯、油酸、油烯基胺、邻二甲苯、苯酚、聚乙二醇、丙酸、乳酸丙酯、碳酸亚丙酯、丙二醇、丙二醇甲基醚、对-二甲苯、甲苯、磷酸三乙酯、三乙二醇、二甲苯磺酸、石蜡、矿物油、三氯乙烯、全氯乙烯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇甲基醚、二乙二醇甲基醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇以及更高分子量的醇,例如戊醇、四氢呋喃醇、己醇、辛醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、甘油、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮等。
合适的固体载体是例如滑石、二氧化钛、叶蜡石黏土、硅石、凹凸棒石粘土、硅藻土、石灰石、碳酸钙、膨润土、钙蒙脱土、棉籽壳、小麦粉、大豆粉、浮石、木粉、经研磨的胡桃壳、木质素和类似的物质。
许多表面活性物质可以有利地用在固体和液体配制品两者中,尤其是在使用前可被载体稀释的那些配制品中。表面活性物质可以是阴离子的、阳离子的、非离子的或聚合的并且它们可以用作乳化剂、湿润剂或悬浮剂或用于其他目的。典型的表面活性物质包括例如烷基硫酸酯的盐,如十二烷基硫酸二乙醇铵;烷基芳基磺酸酯的盐,如十二烷基苯磺酸钙;烷基苯酚/氧化烯加成产物,如乙氧基化壬基苯酚;醇/氧化烯加成产物,如乙氧基化十三烷醇;皂,如硬脂酸钠;烷基萘磺酸酯的盐,如二丁基萘磺酸钠;磺基琥珀酸二烷基酯的盐,如二(2-乙基己基)磺基琥珀酸钠;山梨糖醇酯,如山梨糖醇油酸酯;季铵,如氯化十二烷基三甲基铵;脂肪酸的聚乙二醇酯,如聚乙二醇硬脂酸酯;环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物;以及磷酸单烷基酯和二烷基酯的盐;以及还有另外的物质,例如描述于:McCutcheon'sDetergents and Emulsifiers Annual[麦卡琴清洁剂和乳化剂年鉴],MC出版公司(MCPublishing Corp.),里奇伍德,新泽西州(Ridgewood New Jersey)(1981)。
可以用于杀有害生物配制品的另外的辅助剂包括结晶抑制剂、粘度调节剂、悬浮剂、染料、抗氧化剂、发泡剂、光吸收剂、混合助剂、消泡剂、络合剂、中和或改变pH的物质和缓冲液、腐蚀抑制剂、芳香剂、润湿剂、吸收增强剂、微量营养素、增塑剂、助流剂、润滑剂、分散剂、增稠剂、防冻剂、杀微生物剂、以及液体和固体肥料。
根据本发明的配制品可以包括添加剂,该添加剂包括植物或动物来源的油、矿物油、此类油的烷基酯或此类油与油衍生物的混合物。在根据本发明的组合物中的油添加剂的量通常是基于该待施用的混合物的0.01%到10%。例如,可以在喷雾混合物制备好以后将油添加剂以所期望的浓度添加到喷雾桶中。优选的油添加剂包括矿物油或植物来源的油,例如菜籽油、橄榄油或葵花籽油;乳化的植物油;植物来源的油的烷基酯,例如甲基衍生物;或动物来源的油,如鱼油或牛脂。优选的油添加剂包括C8C22脂肪酸的烷基酯,尤其是C12-C18脂肪酸的甲基衍生物,例如月桂酸、棕榈酸和油酸的甲基酯(分别是月桂酸甲酯、棕榈酸甲酯和油酸甲酯)。许多油衍生物获知于Compendium of Herbicide Adjuvants[除草剂辅助剂纲要],第10版,南伊利诺伊大学,2010。
这些配制品通常包含按重量计0.1%至99%的,尤其是按重量计0.1%至95%的化合物(A)和(B)以及按重量计1%至99.9%的配制辅助剂,该配制辅助剂优选地包括按重量计0至25%的表面活性物质。而商业产品可以优选地被配制为浓缩物,最终使用者将通常使用稀释配制品。
施用量在宽范围之内变化并且取决于土壤的性质、施用方法、作物植物、待控制的有害生物、主要气候条件、以及受施用方法、施用时间以及目标作物支配的其他因素。一般来讲,可以将化合物以1至2000l/ha、尤其是10至1000l/ha的量施用。
优选的配制品可以具有以下组成(重量%),其中术语“活性成分”是指组合物中所有活性成分的组合的总重量%:
可乳化的浓缩物:
活性成分: 1%至95%、优选60%至90%
表面活性剂: 1%至30%、优选5%至20%
液体载体: 1%至80%、优选1%至35%
粉剂:
活性成分: 0.1%至10%、优选0.1%至5%
固体载体: 99.9%至90%、优选99.9%至99%
悬浮液浓缩物:
活性成分: 5%至75%、优选10%至50%
水: 94%至24%、优选88%至30%
表面活性剂: 1%至40%、优选2%至30%
可湿性粉末:
活性成分: 0.5%至90%,优选地1%至80%
表面活性剂: 0.5%至20%、优选1%至15%
固体载体: 5%至95%、优选15%至90%
颗粒剂:
活性成分: 0.1%至30%、优选0.1%至15%
固体载体: 99.5%至70%、优选97%至85%
现在将通过举例更详细地说明本发明的不同方面和实施例。应当理解的是,在不偏离本发明范围的情况下,可以对细节做出修改。
实例
配制品实例
可湿性粉末 | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 25% | 50% | 75% |
木质素磺酸钠 | 5% | 5% | - |
十二烷基硫酸钠 | 3% | - | 5% |
二异丁基萘磺酸钠 | - | 6% | 10% |
苯酚聚乙二醇醚 | - | 2% | - |
(7-8mol的环氧乙烷) | |||
高度分散的硅酸 | 5% | 10% | 10% |
高岭土 | 62% | 27% | - |
将该组合与这些辅助剂充分混合并且将混合物在适合的研磨机中充分研磨,从而获得了可以用水稀释而给出所期望的浓度的悬浮液的可湿性粉末。
干种子处理用的粉末 | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 25% | 50% | 75% |
轻质矿物油 | 5% | 5% | 5% |
高度分散的硅酸 | 5% | 5% | - |
高岭土 | 65% | 40% | - |
滑石 | - | 20 |
将该组合与辅助剂充分混合并且将该混合物在适合的研磨机中充分研磨,从而获得可以直接用于种子处理的粉末。
在植物保护中可以使用的具有任何所要求的稀释度的乳液可以通过用水稀释从这种浓缩物中获得。
粉剂 | a) | b) | c) |
活性成分 | 5% | 6% | 4% |
滑石 | 95% | - | - |
高岭土 | - | 94% | - |
矿物填料 | - | - | 96% |
通过将该组合与载体混合并且将混合物在适合的研磨机中研磨而获得即用型粉剂。此类粉剂还可以用于种子的干拌种。
挤出的颗粒剂 | |
活性成分 | 15% |
木质素磺酸钠 | 2% |
羧甲基纤维素 | 1% |
高岭土 | 82% |
将该组合与这些辅助剂混合并且研磨,并且将混合物用水湿润。
将混合物挤出并且然后在空气流中干燥。
包衣的颗粒剂 | |
活性成分 | 8% |
聚乙二醇(摩尔重量200) | 3% |
高岭土 | 89% |
将该精细研磨的组合在混合器中均匀地施用于用聚乙二醇湿润的高岭土中。以此方式获得无尘的包衣的颗粒剂。
将该精细研磨的组合与辅助剂紧密地混合,得到悬浮液浓缩物,从该悬浮液浓缩物可以通过用水稀释获得任何所期望的稀释度的悬浮液。使用此类稀释物,可以对活的植物以及植物繁殖材料进行处理并且对其针对微生物侵染通过喷雾、浇灌或浸渍进行保护。
将该精细研磨的组合与辅助剂紧密地混合,得到悬浮液浓缩物,从该悬浮液浓缩物可以通过用水稀释获得任何所期望的稀释度的悬浮液。使用此类稀释物,可以对活的植物以及植物繁殖材料进行处理并且对其针对微生物侵染通过喷雾、浇灌或浸渍进行保护。
缓释的胶囊悬浮液
将28份的组合与2份的芳香族溶剂以及7份的甲苯二异氰酸酯/多亚甲基-聚苯基异氰酸酯-混合物(8:1)进行混合。将此混合物在1.2份的聚乙烯醇、0.05份的消泡剂以及51.6份的水的混合物中进行乳化直至达到所期望的粒度。向此乳液中添加在5.3份的水中的2.8份的1,6-己二胺的混合物。将混合物搅拌直至聚合反应完成。将获得的胶囊悬浮液通过添加0.25份的增稠剂和3份的分散剂进行稳定。该胶囊悬浮液配制品含有28%的活性成分。介质胶囊的直径是8-15微米。将所得配制品作为适用于此目的的装置中的水性悬浮液施用到种子上。
生物学实例
将反枝苋(AMARE)、稗草(ECHCG)、马唐(DIGSA)、多年生黑麦草(LOLPE)、大穗看麦娘(ALOMY)、藜草(CHEAL)、大狗尾草(SETFA)、苘麻(ABUTH)、狗尾草(SETVI)和碗仔花(IPOHE)的种子播种在盆中的标准消毒土壤中。在温室中的受控条件(24℃/16℃,白天/夜晚;14小时光照;65%湿度)下培育1天后,用如下得到的水性喷雾溶液以500l/Ha喷洒植物:将工业级活性成分在少量丙酮和称为IF50(11.12% Emulsogen EL360 TM+44.44%N-甲基吡咯烷酮+44.44% Dowanol DPM乙二醇醚)的溶剂和乳化剂混合物中配制,以产生50g/l溶液,然后使用0.2% Genapol XO80(CAS号:9043-30-5)作为稀释剂将其稀释以得到所需最终剂量的测试化合物。当活性成分作为混合物施用时,如上制备含有两种活性成分的水性喷雾溶液。然后使这些测试植物在温室中的受控条件(24℃/16℃,白天/夜晚;14小时光照;65%湿度)下生长,并且每日浇水两次。13天后,在与未处理的对照植物相比时,针对植物的百分比植物毒性,视觉上评估该测试(其中100=对植物完全性的损害;0=对植物没有损害)。在随机化区组试验设计中,对每种处理进行两到四次重复。
为了确定活性成分的混合物是否对测试植物的百分比植物毒性具有协同作用,应用了科尔比公式:S.R.Colby(1967)“Calculating synergistic and antagonisticresponses of herbicide combinations[计算除草剂组合的协同和拮抗反应]”,Weeds[杂草],15,第22页,E=X+Y-(X*Y/100),其中
X=以一定量施用时除草剂A的平均百分比植物毒性
Y=以一定量施用时除草剂B的平均百分比植物毒性
E=根据科尔比公式所计算的除草剂A和B的混合物的预期效果。
A+B-4
ALOMY
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 5 | - | - |
A | 15.63 | 10 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 21 | - | - |
B-4 | 3.91 | 0 | - | - |
B-4 | 7.81 | 3 | - | - |
A+B-4 | 7.81+7.81 | 30 | 7 | 23 |
A+B-4 | 15.63+3.91 | 38 | 10 | 28 |
A+B-4 | 31.25+7.81 | 35 | 23 | 12 |
DIGSA
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 3 | - | - |
B-4 | 3.91 | 70 | - | - |
A+B-4 | 7.81+3.91 | 91 | 71 | 20 |
ECHCG
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 25 | - | - |
B-4 | 3.91 | 5 | - | - |
A+B-4 | 7.81+3.91 | 70 | 29 | 41 |
SETFA
AMARE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 5 | - | - |
A | 15.63 | 5 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 21 | - | - |
A | 62.5 | 31 | - | - |
B-4 | 3.91 | 53 | - | - |
B-4 | 7.81 | 85 | - | - |
B-4 | 15.63 | 85 | - | - |
B-4 | 31.25 | 85 | - | - |
A+B-4 | 31.25+31.25 | 100 | 88 | 12 |
A+B-4 | 7.81+3.91 | 90 | 55 | 35 |
A+B-4 | 15.63+3.91 | 83 | 55 | 28 |
A+B-4 | 31.25+7.81 | 99 | 88 | 11 |
A+B-4 | 62.5+15.63 | 100 | 90 | 10 |
ABUTH
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 6 | - | - |
B-4 | 3.91 | 78 | - | - |
A+B-4 | 7.81+3.91 | 95 | 79 | 16 |
IPOHE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 1 | - | - |
A | 15.63 | 0 | - | - |
B-4 | 3.91 | 10 | - | - |
A+B-4 | 7.81+3.91 | 65 | 11 | 54 |
A+B-4 | 15.63+3.91 | 35 | 10 | 25 |
A+B-6ALOMY
DIGSA
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 5 | - | - |
A | 62.5 | 68 | - | - |
B-6 | 15.63 | 0 | - | - |
A+B-6 | 15.63+15.63 | 15 | 5 | 10 |
A+B-6 | 62.5+15.63 | 78 | 68 | 10 |
ECHCG
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 34 | - | - |
B-6 | 3.91 | 0 | - | - |
A+B-6 | 7.81+3.91 | 55 | 34 | 21 |
SETVI
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 10 | - | - |
A | 15.63 | 26 | - | - |
B-6 | 3.91 | 0 | - | - |
B-6 | 15.63 | 3 | - | - |
A+B-6 | 15.63+15.63 | 50 | 28 | 22 |
A+B-6 | 7.81+3.91 | 30 | 10 | 20 |
AMARE
CHEAL
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 21 | - | - |
B-6 | 15.63 | 10 | - | - |
A+B-6 | 15.63+15.63 | 45 | 29 | 16 |
IPOHE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 0 | - | - |
A | 15.63 | 5 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 1 | - | - |
B-6 | 3.91 | 20 | - | - |
B-6 | 7.81 | 18 | - | - |
B-6 | 31.25 | 10 | - | - |
A+B-6 | 7.81+7.81 | 35 | 18 | 17 |
A+B-6 | 31.25+31.25 | 38 | 13 | 25 |
A+B-6 | 7.81+3.91 | 30 | 20 | 10 |
A+B-6 | 15.63+7.81 | 42 | 22 | 20 |
A+B-7ALOMY
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 10 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 16 | - | - |
A | 62.5 | 40 | - | - |
B-7 | 125 | 15 | - | - |
B-7 | 250 | 10 | - | - |
A+B-7 | 62.5+250 | 75 | 46 | 29 |
A+B-7 | 15.63+125 | 38 | 24 | 14 |
A+B-7 | 31.25+250 | 58 | 25 | 33 |
LOLPE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 13 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 35 | - | - |
A | 62.5 | 43 | - | - |
B-7 | 62.5 | 10 | - | - |
B-7 | 125 | 8 | - | - |
B-7 | 250 | 10 | - | - |
A+B-7 | 31.25+62.5 | 60 | 42 | 18 |
A+B-7 | 62.5+125 | 58 | 47 | 11 |
A+B-7 | 62.5+250 | 63 | 48 | 15 |
A+B-7 | 15.63+125 | 38 | 19 | 19 |
DIGSA
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 5 | - | - |
A | 62.5 | 68 | - | - |
B-7 | 62.5 | 13 | - | - |
B-7 | 125 | 3 | - | - |
A+B-7 | 62.5+125 | 80 | 68 | 12 |
A+B-7 | 15.63+62.5 | 28 | 17 | 11 |
A+B-7 | 15.63+125 | 25 | 7 | 18 |
SETVI
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 26 | - | - |
B-7 | 31.25 | 5 | - | - |
B-7 | 125 | 8 | - | - |
A+B-7 | 15.63+31.25 | 50 | 30 | 20 |
A+B-7 | 15.63+125 | 58 | 32 | 26 |
AMARE
CHEAL
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 21 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 16 | - | - |
B-7 | 62.5 | 9 | - | - |
B-7 | 125 | 15 | - | - |
B-7 | 250 | 15 | - | - |
A+B-7 | 31.25+62.5 | 60 | 24 | 26 |
A+B-7 | 15.63+62.5 | 55 | 29 | 26 |
A+B-7 | 31.25+125 | 40 | 29 | 11 |
A+B-7 | 31.25+250 | 53 | 29 | 24 |
ABUTH
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 20 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 5 | - | - |
B-7 | 62.5 | 8 | - | - |
B-7 | 125 | 15 | - | - |
A+B-7 | 15.63+62.5 | 43 | 26 | 17 |
A+B-7 | 31.25+125 | 43 | 19 | 24 |
A+B-7 | 15.63+125 | 75 | 32 | 43 |
IPOHE
A+B-9LOLPE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 3.91 | 8 | - | - |
A | 7.81 | 13 | - | - |
A | 15.63 | 13 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 18 | - | - |
A | 62.5 | 30 | - | - |
B-9 | 1.95 | 14 | - | - |
B-9 | 3.91 | 40 | - | - |
B-9 | 7.81 | 44 | - | - |
B-9 | 15.63 | 48 | - | - |
B-9 | 31.25 | 66 | - | - |
A+B-9 | 3.91+3.91 | 68 | 45 | 23 |
A+B-9 | 7.81+7.81 | 84 | 51 | 33 |
A+B-9 | 15.63+15.63 | 95 | 55 | 40 |
A+B-9 | 31.25+31.25 | 100 | 72 | 28 |
A+B-9 | 3.91+1.95 | 68 | 20 | 48 |
A+B-9 | 7.81+3.91 | 75 | 48 | 27 |
A+B-9 | 15.63+7.81 | 84 | 51 | 33 |
A+B-9 | 31.25+15.63 | 90 | 57 | 33 |
A+B-9 | 15.63+3.91 | 58 | 48 | 10 |
A+B-9 | 31.25+7.81 | 88 | 54 | 34 |
A+B-9 | 62.5+15.63 | 90 | 64 | 26 |
DIGSA
AMARE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 3.91 | 11 | - | - |
B-9 | 1.95 | 40 | - | - |
A+B-9 | 3.91+1.95 | 70 | 47 | 23 |
ABUTH
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 6 | - | - |
B-9 | 3.91 | 40 | - | - |
B-9 | 7.81 | 55 | - | - |
A+B-9 | 7.81+7.81 | 70 | 58 | 12 |
A+B-9 | 7.81+3.91 | 58 | 44 | 14 |
IPOHE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 7.81 | 1 | - | - |
A | 15.63 | 0 | - | - |
B-9 | 7.81 | 53 | - | - |
B-9 | 15.63 | 73 | - | - |
A+B-9 | 7.81+7.81 | 68 | 53 | 15 |
A+B-9 | 15.63+15.63 | 83 | 73 | 10 |
A+B-16LOLPE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 13 | - | - |
B-16 | 3.91 | 45 | - | - |
A+B-16 | 15.63+3.91 | 68 | 52 | 16 |
AMARE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 62.5 | 50 | - | - |
B-16 | 31.25 | 70 | - | - |
A+B-16 | 62.5+31.25 | 95 | 85 | 10 |
CHEAL
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 31.25 | 16 | - | - |
B-16 | 15.63 | 48 | - | - |
A+B-16 | 31.25+15.63 | 68 | 56 | 12 |
ABUTH
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 125 | 31 | - | - |
B-16 | 15.63 | 23 | - | - |
A+B-16 | 125+15.63 | 60 | 47 | 13 |
IPOHE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 5 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 1 | - | - |
B-16 | 3.91 | 5 | - | - |
B-16 | 7.81 | 8 | - | - |
A+B-16 | 15.63+3.91 | 23 | 10 | 13 |
A+B-16 | 31.25+7.81 | 20 | 9 | 11 |
A+B-20
DIGSA
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 31.25 | 11 | - | - |
B-20 | 31.25 | 68 | - | - |
A+B-20 | 31.25+31.25 | 83 | 71 | 12 |
ECHCG
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 48 | - | - |
B-20 | 15.63 | 10 | - | - |
A+B-20 | 15.63+15.63 | 68 | 53 | 15 |
CHEAL
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 31.25 | 34 | - | - |
B-20 | 15.63 | 8 | - | - |
A+B-20 | 31.25+15.63 | 76 | 39 | 37 |
ABUTH
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 15.63 | 5 | - | - |
A | 31.25 | 11 | - | - |
B-20 | 3.91 | 8 | - | - |
B-20 | 15.63 | 20 | - | - |
B-20 | 31.25 | 18 | - | - |
A+B-20 | 31.25+31.25 | 40 | 27 | 13 |
A+B-20 | 31.25+15.63 | 63 | 29 | 34 |
A+B-20 | 15.63+3.91 | 38 | 12 | 26 |
IPOHE
化合物 | 量(g/ha) | 观察到的 | 预期的 | 差 |
A | 62.5 | 1 | - | - |
B-20 | 31.25 | 5 | - | - |
A+B-20 | 62.5+31.25 | 23 | 6 | 17 |
Claims (20)
1.一种组合物,其包含具有式(I)的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐作为组分(A):
以及至少一种选自由以下组成的组的化合物或其农用化学上可接受的盐作为组分(B):
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中,组分(A)与组分(B)的重量比是0.001:1至1000:1、优选0.001:1至500:1、更优选0.01:1至50:1、甚至更优选0.1:1至5:1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的组合物,其中,组分(A)与组分(B)的重量比是约1:1000、1:50、1:100、1:50、1:30、1:15、1:10、1:8、2:15、3:20、1:6、1:5、1:4、4:15、3:10、1:3、5:14、3:8、2:5、8:15、3:5、5:7、3:4、4:5、1:2、1:1、16:15、6:5、4:3、10:7、3:2、8:5、5:3、2:1、12:5、8:3、20:7、16:5、10:3、4:1、6:1或8:1。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的组合物,其中,组分(B)选自B-4、B-6、B-7、B-9、B-16和B-20。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的组合物,其中,所述具有式(I)的化合物与组分(B)的重量比在约1:8至8:1的范围内,优选是约1:8、1:6、1:4、1:2、1:1、2:1、4:1、6:1或8:1。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的组合物,其中,组分(B)包含化合物B-9,优选地其中,所述具有式(I)的化合物与化合物B-9的重量比是约4:1至1:1,如约4:1、3:1、2:1或1:1。
7.一种农用化学组合物,其包含除草有效量的如权利要求1至6中任一项所定义的组合物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的组合物,其进一步包含至少一种额外的活性成分。
9.根据权利要求8所述的组合物,其中,所述至少一种额外的活性成分包括至少一种额外的农药。
10.根据权利要求9所述的组合物,其中,所述额外的农药是除草剂或除草剂安全剂。
11.根据权利要求6至10中任一项所述的组合物,其额外地包含农业上可接受的配制辅助剂和/或农用化学上可接受的稀释剂或载体。
12.一种控制不想要的植物生长的方法,所述方法包括向所述不想要的植物、其部分或其场所施用除草有效量的根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的组合物。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,组分(A)以10-1000g/ha的量、优选地以50-500g/ha的量、更优选地以100-200g/ha的量施用。
14.根据权利要求12或13所述的方法,其中,组分(B)以0.1-5000g/ha的量、优选地以1-500g/ha的量、更优选地以5-200g/ha的量施用。
15.根据权利要求12-14中任一项所述的方法,其中,组分(B)包含组分B-9,并且其中所述方法包括控制黑麦草属物种,优选多年生黑麦草、多花黑麦草或硬直黑麦草。
16.根据权利要求12-15中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述具有式(I)的化合物与化合物B-9的重量比是约4:1至1:1。
17.根据权利要求12-16中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述组合物在出苗前施用。
18.如权利要求1至11中任一项所定义的组合物作为除草剂的用途。
19.一种配制品,其包含根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的组合物,所述配制品包含按重量计0.01%至90%的活性剂、0%至25%的农业上可接受的表面活性剂以及10%至99.9%的固体或液体配制惰性剂和一种或多种辅助剂。
20.一种用于由使用者稀释的浓缩组合物,其包含根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的组合物,所述浓缩组合物包含按重量计2%至80%、优选地在约5%与70%之间的活性剂。
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