CN119582646A - Light response photovoltaic power generation device based on nano tungsten oxide and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light response photovoltaic power generation device based on nano tungsten oxide and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN119582646A CN119582646A CN202411626697.3A CN202411626697A CN119582646A CN 119582646 A CN119582646 A CN 119582646A CN 202411626697 A CN202411626697 A CN 202411626697A CN 119582646 A CN119582646 A CN 119582646A
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Abstract
The invention provides a photoresponse water-based photovoltaic power generation device based on nano tungsten oxide and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the field of new energy power generation and novel photoelectric detection induced by water evaporation; the photovoltaic power generation device is formed by a substrate, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a slurry layer, wherein the slurry layer is formed by drying slurry formed by mixing tungsten oxide, nafion solution and deionized water, and the photovoltaic power generation device can generate an open-circuit voltage of 1.4-1.8V and a short-circuit current of 100 nA-140 nA under the induction of evaporation of the deionized water. Under 435nm wavelength illumination, the output voltage and current change along with illumination intensity, and the light response characteristic is obvious, and the light response characteristic is expected to be used for light detection and research on the mechanism of the photovoltaic power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic evaporation power generation device based on a tungsten oxide light response material.
Background
The hydro-voltaic effect is an emerging technology for generating electricity through direct interaction between materials and various forms of water (e.g., rain drops, waves, rivers, etc.). The principle of the technology is based on the directional movement of carriers in a conductor by ion flow induced by boundary movement of an electric double layer at the interface of water and a material, so that water energy is converted into electric energy. Through development for several years, the photovoltaic technology covers a wide material system mainly comprising nano carbon materials, but the currently reported photovoltaic materials have lower output power, which severely restricts the commercial application of the photovoltaic power generation device.
In the study of unbalanced carriers, it was shown that light absorption causes unbalanced carriers to be formed in the semiconductor, and an increase in carrier concentration necessarily increases conductivity. This phenomenon of increased semiconductor conductivity caused by light irradiation is called photoconduction. Because the resistance of the photovoltaic device has obvious influence on the voltage and current, the phenomenon of changing the photo-conductivity has wide application prospect in the crossing field of the photovoltaic evaporation power generation technology.
Tungsten oxide is a cleaning material which is used for photocatalytic decomposition after titanium dioxide, and has better absorption capacity on blue light and ultraviolet light wave bands, electrochromic property and thus is applied to the field of new energy sources such as photocatalysis, batteries and the like. At present, a photovoltaic power generation device is prepared based on the light response characteristic of tungsten oxide, and no report is yet made.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a light response photovoltaic power generation device based on a tungsten oxide material, which couples photoconduction and photovoltaic to realize photovoltaic power generation with light response. The voltage and the current generated by the device can change along with illumination with a certain wavelength, so that the illumination can regulate and control the photovoltaic evaporation power generation output, and excellent power output and voltage are obtained.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
Firstly, the application provides a photoresponsive water-based power generation device based on nano tungsten oxide, which comprises a substrate, wherein the surface of the substrate is provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a slurry layer, the slurry layer is positioned between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and covers part of the positive electrode and part of the negative electrode, and the slurry layer is obtained by drying slurry formed by mixing tungsten oxide (WO 3), nafion solution and deionized water at 600 ℃.
Preferably, the substrate material comprises ceramics and quartz, and the electrode material is gold.
Preferably, in the slurry solution, the mass volume ratio of tungsten oxide to Nafion solution is 20:9, the mass volume ratio unit is mg/ul, and the volume ratio of Nafion solution to deionized water is 9:91.
Secondly, the application provides a preparation method of the light response photovoltaic power generation device, which comprises the following specific steps:
S01, uniformly mixing tungsten oxide nanoparticle powder, nafion solution and deionized water by using a magnetic stirrer and an ultrasonic cleaner to prepare slurry for coating for later use;
S02, preparing an electrode template, wherein the hollowed-out part of the electrode template is the shape of a target electrode, then attaching the template to the surface of a substrate, sputtering metal on the surface of the substrate by utilizing a metal sputtering instrument, and forming a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the power generation device by the hollowed-out part of the template, wherein the sputtered metal is preferably gold, and is high-temperature resistant and stable. In the examples of the present application, the distance between the positive electrode and the negative electrode was 1.5cm, the length of the electrode was 2cm, and the width was 2mm.
S03, coating the slurry on the surface of a substrate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, covering part of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and then placing the substrate on a heat table for heating and drying at 90 ℃ to form a porous film;
s04, placing the mixture into a muffle furnace to heat for 1 hour at 600 ℃, carrying out pyrolysis on Nafion in the mixture, naturally cooling the mixture, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture into deionized water to soak the mixture for 5 hours (enabling the pore structure of the mixture to be stable), taking out the mixture, and drying the mixture to obtain the light-response photovoltaic power generation device.
Preferably, in the step S01, the three raw materials are uniformly mixed by a magnetic stirrer for 20 minutes at the rotating speed of 600r/min, then the three raw materials are put into an ultrasonic cleaner for further vibration dispersion by using the power of 80W and the frequency of 40KHz for 20 minutes, and finally the three raw materials are put into the magnetic stirrer for stirring for 6 hours at the rotating speed of 600r/min.
As a preferred embodiment, the slurry in step S01 is mixed by weighing tungsten oxide powder, pouring the tungsten oxide powder into a glass bottle, adding deionized water, and finally adding Nafion solution.
Preferably, the sputtering time in step S02 is 30 minutes, and the sputtering time is too short to lose conductivity when the electrode is heated Shi Jin at high temperature. Before sputtering, the shape of the electrode template is cut out by an acrylic plate on a laser cutting machine, and then covered on a ceramic substrate and bonded by an adhesive tape.
Preferably, the concentration applied in step S03 is preferably 40ul/cm 2, which does not crack or become uneven after application. In the embodiment of the application, the smearing length of the slurry along the positive and negative electrode directions is 1.5cm so as to be matched with the capillary height limit when the water-based photovoltaic power generation is carried out, and the power generation effect is improved.
Preferably, the heating procedure of step S04 is to heat up to 600℃from room temperature (about 20 ℃) over a 30 minute constant speed (a heating rate of 19.3℃per minute), and then to heat up for 1 hour at 600 ℃. The heating is finished and the furnace is slowly cooled naturally in the muffle furnace until the temperature is lower than 100 ℃, and the furnace is preferably cooled to room temperature and can be taken out.
Compared with the traditional water evaporation induced power generation, the application couples illumination and water evaporation induced power generation, and can realize that voltage and current can respond under the action of illumination while the evaporation power generation is performed. Not only has good voltage and current performance, but also has one more light corresponding characteristic. Realizes the regulation and control function of voltage and current under the illumination function. Specifically, the application has the following beneficial effects:
1. The method for preparing the material is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, and the preparation period is short.
2. The generated voltage is stable and has long duration, and the voltage can last for more than 72 hours.
3. In the process of carrying out the photovoltaic power generation, when the material is irradiated by light waves with the wavelength of 300-500 nm, the voltage can be reduced, and the current can be increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for fabricating a tungsten oxide device.
Fig. 2 is a physical view of an electrode sputtering template and a physical view after the template is placed on a substrate and sputtered.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the device structure prepared in example 1;
wherein, the cathode of the 1-electrode, the anode of the 2-electrode, the 3-substrate and the 4-slurry layer.
Fig. 4 is a photograph of a real object of the preparation of a photovoltaic evaporation device of example 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a test of the photovoltaic evaporation device (using alumina ceramic as a substrate) prepared in example 1 under light irradiation with wavelength of 300nm to 500 nm.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the voltage levels obtained for the photovoltaic evaporation device (based on alumina ceramic) prepared in example 1 in deionized water.
Fig. 7 is a graph showing the measured current levels in deionized water for the photovoltaic evaporation device prepared in example 1 (with alumina ceramic as the substrate).
FIG. 8 shows the voltage change (voltage drop, voltage rise recovery after removal of light) of the photovoltaic device (alumina ceramic as substrate) prepared in example 1 when irradiated with blue light of 430nm in deionized water. Fig. 9 is a graph showing the current change of the photovoltaic evaporation device (using alumina ceramic as a substrate) prepared in example 1 when irradiated with blue light of 430nm in deionized water. (the current rises when illumination, and the current drops when illumination is removed and then returns).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical scheme of the invention. Embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The method provided by the embodiment of the invention can easily adhere a layer of tungsten trioxide material film with the thickness of 150um on the surface of the substrate. The tungsten trioxide film has good rigidity strength, is not easy to fall off on the surface of a substrate, and can perform power generation work in high-humidity, low-humidity and high-temperature environments without being damaged. The voltage and current are relatively stable to collect, the preparation is very easy, and the method has the potential of large-scale industrial production.
The raw material sources involved in the examples:
the alumina ceramic wafer was purchased from Guangzhou City, yunyi electronics, inc., and was a conventional ceramic wafer containing 96% alumina and was white. The thermal conductivity was 29.3W/mK. Insulation is below 22.5kV, and temperature resistance is up to 1600 ℃.
The nano tungsten trioxide powder was purchased from Alatine (www.aladdin-e.com) and had a particle size <200nm,99.9%metals basis,CAS No. 1314-35-8.
Deionized water was prepared by using a commercially available filtration machine (UNIQUE-R20 water purifier) and the tap water was brought to a degranulated state by means of cyclic filtration, and the resistivity was 18.25 M.OMEGA.cm.
The Nafion (D520) solution was purchased from the materials science station (wwscimage materials. Cn) and the parameters are shown in table 1 below as a conventional commercially available Nafion solution.
TABLE 1Nafion D520 parameters
Ultrasonic cleaners were purchased from the alliance under the model number YM-008.
The laser engraving machine was purchased from foster under the model number FST-4060.
Dust free paper was purchased from Enlaishi.
High vacuum ion sputtering was purchased from Quorum, model 150T Plus.
Electronic analytical balances were purchased from LICHEN/force, model FA2004.
The heating station was purchased from OHAUS/Orhaus under the model e-G31HS07C.
Muffle furnace was purchased from Koeho under the model KSL-1100C-S.
Example 1 preparation of an alumina ceramic wafer substrate photovoltaic Power Generation device
The preparation flow of the photovoltaic power generation device of this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the specific steps are as follows:
1) An alumina ceramic wafer is selected as a substrate, an ultrasonic cleaner is utilized to clean the surface of the alumina ceramic at 40KHz middle wave frequency for 10 minutes, and then dust-free paper is used for wiping for standby.
2) Drawing a target template shape on a computer by using RD works software, then carving the template shape (the hollowed part of the template is the target electrode shape) by using a laser carving machine, wherein the template material is an acrylic plastic plate with the thickness of 3mm, the laser power is 50W, the maximum power is 80%, and the speed is 20mm/s. The template physical diagram obtained is shown in fig. 2a.
3) Sticking the carved template on the alumina ceramic substrate cleaned in the step 1) by using an adhesive tape, then placing an alumina ceramic sheet in a sputtering chamber by using a high vacuum ion sputtering instrument, selecting gold (Au) as a metal target material, sputtering the template for 1800 seconds under the condition that the vacuum degree is10 -3 mbar, sputtering the template to form a target electrode (Au) on an unmasked area of the substrate by using a sputtering time of 1800 seconds, and then taking down the template to obtain the substrate containing the electrode for standby.
5) 400Mg of nano tungsten trioxide powder were weighed out using an electronic analytical balance and poured into a brown light-resistant glass bottle (volume 10ml, height 51mm, bottom diameter 22 mm). Then, 1820ul (microliter) deionized water, 180ul Nafion (D520) solution and polytetrafluoroethylene (10 mm long, 4mm wide, ellipsoidal) are sequentially added, finally, the mixture is placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred at 600r/min for 20 minutes, then the mixture is placed on an ultrasonic cleaner for further vibration dispersion, the power of 80W is used, the ultrasonic with 40KHz frequency is carried out for 20 minutes, and then the mixture is placed on the magnetic stirrer and stirred at 600rpm for 6 hours, so that slurry is obtained for standby.
6) Preheating a heating table to 90 ℃, placing a substrate containing electrodes, smearing slurry between the surface of the substrate and the positive and negative electrodes, wherein one end of the slurry covers part of the positive electrode and one end of the slurry covers part of the negative electrode, the smearing area is rectangular with the length of 2cm and the width of 1.5cm in the embodiment, the smearing amount is 120ul, and after smearing, placing a sample on the heating table to wait for drying and solidification of the sample.
7) And (3) placing the prepared sample into a muffle furnace, setting a heating program at 20 ℃ and heating for 30 minutes to 600 ℃ (the heating rate is 19.3 ℃ per minute), keeping the temperature in the furnace at 600 ℃ for 1 hour, stopping heating, and waiting for the sample to naturally cool to the room temperature for about 2-3 hours.
8) And (3) soaking the heated sample in deionized water for 5 hours, taking out the sample, and naturally drying the sample to obtain a finished product of the photovoltaic power generation device, wherein the structure schematic diagram is shown in fig. 3, and the physical photograph is shown in fig. 4.
The performance of the power generation device is tested, a universal meter is connected to the anode and the cathode of the photovoltaic power generation device, and the test is carried out under the irradiation of 300-500 nm wavelength light, and a test schematic diagram is shown in figure 5. In the figure, the red line is the positive electrode and the black line is the negative electrode.
The photovoltaic power generation device is obliquely placed in a container filled with deionized water, the bottom end of the device is immersed in the deionized water (water just goes beyond the lower end of the negative electrode), the positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected with a digital multimeter (Jili DMM 6500), the voltage of the photovoltaic power generation device is detected, the detection result is shown in figure 6, and the current detection result is shown in figure 7.
The power generation device was irradiated with blue light of 430nm at a distance of 5cm perpendicular to the surface of the ceramic sheet using LED beads, the voltage variation of which is shown in fig. 8, and the current variation of which is shown in fig. 9. The conventional voltage is about 1.8V, the voltage is reduced to about 0.5V during illumination, and the illumination voltage is removed and then is increased to recover. When the current is irradiated, the current rises from the original 100nA to 160nA, and the irradiation current is removed and then the current is reduced again.
Example 2
1) In this example, a frosted quartz plate (available from the company of Bobang quartz products, inc. of Liyun Kong, size 3 cm. Times.3 cm, thickness 1 mm) was selected as the substrate, and the frosted quartz plate had a light transmittance of >90%, a finish of 60/40, and was able to withstand 1200 ℃ high temperatures, and was a conventional quartz plate.
2) Ultrasonic cleaning (40 KHz) the surface of the frosted quartz plate for 10 minutes, and then placing the quartz plate on a hot table to dry the surface moisture.
3) And drawing a target template shape on a computer by using RD works software, then carving the template shape (the hollowed part of the template is the target electrode shape) by using a laser carving machine, wherein the template material is an acrylic plastic plate with the thickness of 3mm, the laser power is 50W, the maximum power is 80%, and the speed is 20mm/s.
4) And (3) sticking the cut template on a frosted quartz sheet substrate subjected to cleaning treatment by using an adhesive tape, then placing the frosted quartz substrate into a high-vacuum ion sputtering instrument chamber, selecting gold (Au) as a metal target, and sputtering with the sputtering current of 20mA and the sputtering time of 1800s under the condition of the vacuum degree of 10 < -3 > mbar.
5) 400Mg of nano tungsten trioxide powder are weighed into a brown light-resistant glass bottle. Then adding 1820ul deionized water, 180ul Nafion (D520) solution and polytetrafluoroethylene magnetic particles, finally placing the mixture on a magnetic stirrer, stirring the mixture for 20 minutes at the speed of 600r/min, placing the mixture on an ultrasonic cleaner for further vibration dispersion, and placing the mixture on the magnetic stirrer for stirring for 6 hours after ultrasonic treatment for 20 minutes to obtain slurry;
6) The heating station was preheated to 90 ℃. The prepared slurry solution is smeared in the middle according to the shape of the sputtered electrode, the smearing area is 2cm long and 1.5cm high, and the smearing amount is 120ul. The solution is evenly smeared on a frosted quartz sheet substrate and then is placed on a hot table to wait for drying and solidification.
7) And (3) placing the prepared sample into a muffle furnace, setting a heating program to heat for 10 minutes to 600 ℃, keeping the temperature in the muffle furnace at 600 ℃ for 1 hour, stopping heating, and waiting for cooling to room temperature for about 2-3 hours.
8) And (5) soaking the heated sample in deionized water for 5 hours, and taking out. Obtaining the final product.
Claims (8)
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