CN119543460A

CN119543460A - A method and device for buoyancy-assisted gravity energy storage for marine use

Info

Publication number: CN119543460A
Application number: CN202411678672.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 凌长明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2024-11-22
Filing date: 2024-11-22
Publication date: 2025-02-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a buoyancy auxiliary gravity energy storage method and device for offshore use, which comprises a movable or fixed ocean platform, wherein a pulley block and a motor unit are arranged on the ocean platform, a first transmission cable which is linked with the motor unit is arranged on the pulley block in a penetrating way, a speed regulating floating body and a speed reducing buffer device are respectively fixed at two ends of the first transmission cable, and a weight is arranged at the lower end of the speed regulating floating body. When the buoyancy energy storage device is in an initial state, a heavy object is sunk on a seabed or sags in sea water and is positioned at a low point, when energy is stored, an electric driving motor unit lifts the heavy object to a high point and is fixed, electric energy is converted into potential energy to be stored, when energy is released, the heavy object is released, after a speed-regulating floating body contacts sea water, the sinking speed of the heavy object is regulated until the heavy object is sunk at a uniform speed, finally a speed-reducing buffer device is used for controlling the heavy object to reduce speed until the heavy object is stopped, so that the heavy object returns to the low point, in the sinking process of the heavy object, a first driving cable drives the motor unit to generate electricity, the potential energy is converted into electric energy, and the electric energy storage of buoyancy auxiliary gravity is realized through energy storage energy release circulation.

Description

Buoyancy auxiliary gravity energy storage method and device for offshore use

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a buoyancy-assisted gravity energy storage method and device for offshore use.

Background

The mechanical energy storage (including solid gravitational potential energy storage and water pumping energy storage) technology is to transport solid weights or water to a high place to store potential energy, release the weights or water when power generation is needed, convert the weights or water into mechanical energy through corresponding transmission devices, and finally convert the mechanical energy into electric energy through a generator.

The traditional mechanical energy storage engineering needs to rely on a large height difference, and the best engineering position is to build engineering according to the existing terrain environment (such as building a solid gravitational potential energy storage engineering on cliffs, deep pits and the like, and storing water by using a high-altitude reservoir for pumping water and storing energy), but the conditions are special and cannot be used as a common solution for large-scale energy storage, so that the existing conventional mode is to artificially build a high platform or dig a deep well, but the existing conventional mode has a large engineering amount, and in addition, precious land resources can be occupied or interference is caused to peripheral production and life due to the fact that solid heavy object energy storage is used.

In the technical aspect, in the process of discharging, a water pumping energy storage project can adopt a regulating valve, a speed regulator and the like to accurately control the flow of water so as to control the stability of power generation, but in the process of discharging, for a solid gravitational potential energy storage project, a solid heavy object falls down to follow a free fall law and moves in an accelerating way, and power generation needs to move at a uniform speed, so that a reverse force needs to be applied in the process of power generation to slow down acceleration, so that the speed of the power generation is changed into a uniform speed, the stability of power generation is maintained, and although the speed can be controlled by a method similar to that of a balance iron block in an elevator shaft, a part of electric energy is consumed, and meanwhile, the complexity of control project and equipment is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a buoyancy auxiliary gravity energy storage method and device for offshore use.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:

A buoyancy assisted gravity energy storage method for offshore use comprises the steps of establishing a movable or fixed ocean platform on the sea, installing a pulley block and a motor unit on the ocean platform, penetrating a first transmission cable linked with the motor unit on the pulley block, fixing a speed regulation floating body at one end of the first transmission cable, fixing a speed reduction buffer device at the other end of the first transmission cable, and installing a weight at the lower end of the speed regulation floating body. In an initial state, the weight is sunk on the seabed or sagged in the sea water and is positioned at a low point, when the energy is stored, the motor unit is driven by electricity to lift the weight to a high point and fix the high point, the electric energy is converted into potential energy to be stored, when the energy is released, the weight is sunk under the action of gravity, after the speed regulating floating body contacts the sea water, the sinking speed of the weight is regulated by the speed regulating floating body until the speed is sunk at a uniform speed, finally, the speed reducing buffer device is used for controlling the weight to buffer and slow down until the weight is stopped, so that the weight returns to the low point, and in the sinking process of the weight, the first transmission cable drives the motor unit to generate electricity, the potential energy is converted into the electric energy, and the buoyancy auxiliary gravity electric energy storage is realized through the energy storage energy release circulation.

The buoyancy auxiliary gravity energy storage device for the sea comprises a movable or fixed ocean platform which is built on the sea, a pulley block and a motor unit are installed on the ocean platform, a first transmission cable which is in linkage with the motor unit is arranged on the pulley block in a penetrating mode, one end of the first transmission cable is fixed with a speed regulation floating body, the other end of the first transmission cable is fixed with a speed reduction buffer device, and a weight is installed at the lower end of the speed regulation floating body.

The pulley block comprises a first pulley, a second pulley, a third pulley and a fourth pulley, the installation heights of the third pulley and the fourth pulley are the same, the installation height of the second pulley is the lowest, the first transmission cable sequentially passes through the first pulley, the second pulley, the third pulley and the fourth pulley, and the second pulley is in transmission connection with the motor unit.

The motor unit comprises a generator motor unit and a driving motor unit, wherein the generator motor unit and the driving motor unit are connected with a first gear through a clutch speed change gear box in a transmission mode, and the first gear and the second pulley synchronously rotate.

The ocean platform is provided with a heavy object launching area corresponding to the heavy object, the heavy object launching area is provided with a movable bearing plate used for placing the heavy object, the middle of the bearing plate is provided with a groove similar to the lower end of the heavy object, the lower end of the heavy object is placed on the groove, and an elastic buffer cushion is placed between the heavy object and the groove.

The speed reduction buffer device comprises a slide rail seat and a buffer floating body, wherein the slide rail seat and the buffer floating body are arranged on the ocean platform, a sliding block which is pushed downwards by a spring is arranged in the slide rail seat, a through hole is formed in the center of the sliding block, a clamping block is arranged after a first transmission cable passes through the through hole, the size of the clamping block is larger than that of the through hole, and the buffer floating body is connected with the sliding block through a first reversing wheel and a second transmission cable.

The speed reduction buffer device comprises a second reversing wheel set, a third reversing wheel set, a slide rail seat and a buffer floating body, wherein the slide rail seat and the buffer floating body are arranged on the ocean platform, a slide block pushed downwards by a spring is arranged in the slide rail seat, a through hole is formed in the center of the slide block, a clamping block is arranged after a first transmission cable passes through the through hole, the size of the clamping block is larger than that of the through hole, a first balancing weight is arranged between the second reversing wheel set and the third reversing wheel set, a third transmission cable is arranged in the second reversing wheel set in a penetrating manner, the first balancing weight is connected with the slide block, a fourth transmission cable is arranged in the third reversing wheel set in a penetrating manner, and a second balancing weight which is identical to the first balancing weight in gravity is arranged on the buffer floating body.

And a spring washer is fixed at the end part of the spring.

The speed reduction buffer device comprises a winch support, a winch disc driven by a wire collecting motor is mounted on the winch support, and the first transmission cable is wound on the winch disc.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

The invention is built on an offshore platform, has small influence on inland environment, does not occupy land or land, does not influence surrounding traffic and production living environment, and provides sufficient space in wide sea areas without worrying about occupation.

The space problem of ascending and descending of the heavy object can be easily solved by utilizing the characteristic of ocean depth without constructing a high tower or digging a deep well, and the method is suitable for large-scale engineering construction.

The buoyancy of the fixed speed-regulating floating body is matched with the flow resistance of the heavy object which increases along with the speed increase and the sinking of the speed-regulating floating body, and the flow resistance of the heavy object and the sinking gravity of the heavy object are balanced, so that the heavy object can move at a uniform speed in the shortest time, the device is more suitable for power generation, and the buoyancy potential energy can be more effectively utilized for energy conversion.

The speed reduction buffer device is used for gradually reducing the speed of the heavy object, so that the stability and the safety of the device are improved.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of embodiment 1 (energy storage state);

FIG. 2 is a second schematic structural view of embodiment 1;

fig. 3 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of embodiment 2 (energy storage state);

FIG. 4 is a second schematic structural view of embodiment 2;

fig. 5 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of embodiment 3 (energy storage state);

FIG. 6 is a second schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 (energy storage state);

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a clutch transmission gearbox;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a load bearing plate;

FIG. 10 is a graph of the effect of a conventional speed governing float on speed variation;

fig. 11 is a graph of the change in speed before and after the addition of a particular speed regulating float.

Detailed Description

The objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by the following detailed description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

It is to be understood that this description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

A description of one provided by some embodiments of the invention is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to figures 1-11, a buoyancy assisted gravity energy storage method for offshore use is characterized in that a movable or fixed ocean platform is established at sea, a pulley block and a motor unit are installed on the ocean platform, a first transmission cable which is in linkage with the motor unit is arranged on the pulley block in a penetrating mode, one end of the first transmission cable is fixed with a speed regulation floating body, the other end of the first transmission cable is fixed with a speed reduction buffer device, and a weight is installed at the lower end of the speed regulation floating body. In an initial state, the weight is sunk on the seabed or sagged in the sea water and is positioned at a low point, when the energy is stored, the motor unit is driven by electricity to lift the weight to a high point and fix the high point, the electric energy is converted into potential energy to be stored, when the energy is released, the weight is sunk under the action of gravity, after the speed regulating floating body contacts the sea water, the sinking speed of the weight is regulated by the speed regulating floating body until the speed is sunk at a uniform speed, finally, the speed reducing buffer device is used for controlling the weight to buffer and slow down until the weight is stopped, so that the weight returns to the low point, and in the sinking process of the weight, the first transmission cable drives the motor unit to generate electricity, the potential energy is converted into the electric energy, and the buoyancy auxiliary gravity electric energy storage is realized through the energy storage energy release circulation.

The buoyancy auxiliary gravity energy storage device for offshore comprises a movable or fixed ocean platform 1, wherein a pulley block and a motor unit are installed on the ocean platform 1, a first transmission cable 2 which is in linkage with the motor unit is arranged on the pulley block in a penetrating mode, one end of the first transmission cable 2 is fixed with a speed regulation floating body 3, the other end of the first transmission cable is fixed with a speed reduction buffer device 5, and a weight 4 is installed at the lower end of the speed regulation floating body 3.

The ocean platform 1 can be a sea water sea fixed platform, such as a boost cabin of offshore wind power, an oil drilling platform and the like, can also be a sea floating body of a large ship and the like, has small influence on inland environment, does not occupy land or land, does not influence surrounding traffic and production living environment, provides sufficient space in wide sea area, does not need to worry about occupation, does not need to build a high tower or excavate a deep well like an energy storage engineering such as solid gravitational potential energy storage, can easily solve the problem of space for lifting and descending of heavy objects by only utilizing the characteristic of ocean depth, and is more suitable for large-scale engineering construction.

The corresponding fixing device, the power generation device and the like are arranged on the ocean platform 1, if electric equipment such as a motor and the like is contacted with seawater for a long time, the maintenance frequency is high, and the service life is greatly reduced.

The pulley block comprises a first pulley 6, a second pulley 7, a third pulley 8 and a fourth pulley 9, the installation heights of the third pulley 8 and the fourth pulley 9 are the same, the installation height of the second pulley 7 is the lowest, the first transmission cable 2 sequentially passes through the first pulley 6, the second pulley 7, the third pulley 8 and the fourth pulley 9, and the second pulley 7 is in transmission connection with the motor unit.

Referring to fig. 1-6, in this embodiment, the installation heights of the first pulley 6, the third pulley 8 and the fourth pulley 9 are consistent, the installation height of the second pulley 7 is lower than that of the three pulleys, and the two sides of the second pulley 7 are parallel to the tangent lines of the first pulley 6 and the third pulley 8, so that after the first transmission cable 2 passes through each pulley, the central angle of the second pulley 7 covered by the first transmission cable 2 reaches 180 °, the torque transmission to the shaft is more balanced, and by using the arrangement herein, the stability and safety of the system operation can be improved.

In addition, the invention can also adopt different pulley block designs, and only the same effect can be realized by ensuring.

The motor unit comprises a generator motor unit 10 and a driving motor unit 11, the generator motor unit 10 and the driving motor unit 11 are connected with a first gear 12 through a clutch speed change gearbox in a transmission mode, and the first gear 12 and the second pulley 7 synchronously rotate.

Referring to fig. 5, the clutch speed change gearbox comprises a clutch gear 28, a speed increasing gear set 29 and a speed reducing gear set 30, the clutch gear 28 is always meshed with the first gear 12, an output shaft of the generator motor set 10 is connected with a second gear 32 through a coupler 31, the second gear 32 is meshed with the speed increasing gear set 29, an output shaft of the drive motor set 11 is fixedly provided with a third gear 33, the third gear 33 is meshed with the speed reducing gear set 30, when the clutch gear 28 is shifted to enable the clutch gear to be meshed with the speed reducing gear set 30, namely, the drive motor set 11 is in transmission connection with the device, at the moment, the drive motor set 11 is driven to start, the heavy object 4 can be lifted and lifted, and due to the action of the speed reducing gear set 30, the rotating speed of the first gear 12 is reduced, the torque is increased, and the heavy object 4 is lifted and is sufficiently guaranteed, when the clutch gear 28 is shifted to enable the clutch gear set 11 to be meshed with the speed increasing gear set 29, namely, the generator motor set 10 is in transmission connection with the device, the heavy object 4 is released, the heavy object 4 is driven to sink the electric motor, the electric generator set 10 is driven to rotate at the same speed as the actual speed of the generator set 10, the actual speed of the generator set is not required to be increased, and the actual speed of the generator set is required to be rotated, and the speed of the generator set is increased, the actual speed is not is achieved, due to the speed of the electric generator set is compared with the generator set 10, and the actual speed is required to be increased.

The ocean platform 1 is provided with a weight launching area 13 corresponding to the weight 4, the weight launching area 13 is provided with a movable bearing plate 14 used for placing the weight 4, the middle part of the bearing plate 14 is provided with a groove 15 similar to the lower end of the weight 4, the lower end of the weight 4 is placed on the groove 15, and an elastic buffer cushion 16 is placed between the weight 4 and the groove 15, so that the weight 4 is prevented from sliding, and the stability and safety of system operation are further improved.

The weight launching area 13 may be rectangular, the bearing plate 14 may translate along the length direction on the weight launching area 13, when the weight 4 needs to be placed, the bearing plate 14 may be moved to the position right below the weight 4, when the weight 4 needs to be launched, the bearing plate 14 may be moved away from the weight launching area 13, the bearing plate 14 may also be composed of two hanging bridges, when the weight 4 needs to be placed, the two hanging bridges are placed down, the weight 4 is placed on the hanging bridges, the structure is simple, and the method is suitable for construction of large-scale projects, in addition, a conventional manner such as a boom, where the weight 4 is moved from the position above the weight launching area 13 to the rest position of the ocean platform for placement, etc. may be used for placing objects with large weight.

In the system, a flywheel energy storage system can be connected in series, when the sinking speed of the weight 4 fluctuates, the flywheel energy storage system can absorb or release energy to maintain the speed of the whole system relatively stable, so that the weight 4 is ensured to move at a uniform speed, and the stability of power generation is further improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the deceleration buffer device 5 comprises a sliding rail seat 17 and a buffer floating body 22 which are installed on the ocean platform 1, a sliding block 19 pushed downwards by a spring 18 is installed in the sliding rail seat 17, a through hole 20 is formed in the center of the sliding block 19, a clamping block 21 is installed after the first transmission cable 2 passes through the through hole 20, the size of the clamping block 21 is larger than that of the through hole 20, and the buffer floating body 22 is connected with the sliding block 19 through a first reversing wheel 23 and a second transmission cable 34.

The first reversing wheel 23 is fixed on the ocean platform 1, when the heavy object 4 sinks to be close to a low point position, the clamping block 21 at the tail end of the first transmission cable 2 is clamped in the through hole 20, so that the sliding block 19 is driven to move upwards together, finally, the buffer floating body 22 is pulled to sink through the first reversing wheel 23 and the second transmission cable 34, the water draining area of the buffer floating body 22 is increased, the buoyancy is gradually increased, and a gradually increased pulling force is applied to the heavy object 4 through the first transmission cable, so that the heavy object 4 gradually slows down until stopping, and the stability and the safety of the device are further improved.

In this embodiment, the buffer floating body 22 is towed downward, so that the height of the first diverting wheel 23 is below the buffer floating body 22, and the buffer floating body 22 is below the sea, so that the first diverting wheel 23 needs to be positioned in the sea.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the deceleration buffer device 5 includes a second reversing wheel set 44, a third reversing wheel set 45, a sliding rail seat 17 installed on the ocean platform 1, and a buffer floating body 22, a sliding block 19 pushed downward by a spring 18 is installed in the sliding rail seat 17, a through hole 20 is provided in the center of the sliding block 19, a clamping block 21 is installed after the first driving cable 2 passes through the through hole 20, the size of the clamping block 21 is larger than that of the through hole 20, a first balancing weight 35 is installed between the second reversing wheel set 44 and the third reversing wheel set 45, a third driving cable 36 is installed in the second reversing wheel set 44 in a penetrating manner to connect the first balancing weight 35 with the sliding block 19, a fourth driving cable 42 is installed in the third reversing wheel set 45 in a penetrating manner to connect the first balancing weight 35 with the buffer floating body 22, and a second balancing weight 37 having the same gravity as the first balancing weight 35 is installed on the buffer floating body 22.

The second reversing wheel set 44 comprises a second reversing wheel 38 and a third reversing wheel 39, the second reversing wheel 38 is installed on the lower position of the ocean platform 1, such as the ground, the third reversing wheel 39 is installed on the high position of the ocean platform 1, the third reversing wheel set 45 comprises a fourth reversing wheel 40 and a fifth reversing wheel 41, the fourth reversing wheel 40 and the fifth reversing wheel 41 are the same as the third reversing wheel 39, and the first balancing weight 35 is lower than the third reversing wheel 39 and the fourth reversing wheel 40 after being installed.

In the initial state, the third driving cable 36 receives the tension of the first balancing weight 35 as 0, the gravity of the second balancing weight 37 acts on the first balancing weight 35 through the fourth driving cable 42 and balances, the buffer floating body 22 floats on the water surface (it can be understood that the third driving cable 36 is not tensioned, the first balancing weight 35 is pulled up by the second balancing weight 37, as shown in fig. 3B, the whole first balancing weight 35 is inclined to one side of the third driving cable 36), at this time, the buoyancy of the buffer floating body 22 is equal to the gravity of itself, when the speed is required to be reduced, the sliding block 19 rises and pulls up the first balancing weight 35 through the third driving cable 36, at this time, the tension received by the third driving cable 36 gradually increases from 0, the first weight 35 is shifted from an inclined state to a parallel state, correspondingly, the tension of the fourth driving cable 42 on the first weight 35 is reduced, the weight force of the second weight 37 is unchanged, that is, the balance between the second weight 37 and the first weight 35 is broken, the second weight 37 begins to sink, at the same time, the buffer floating body 22 descends synchronously, the liquid discharge amount thereof increases, so that the buoyancy force increases, thereby maintaining the balance between the second weight 37 and the first weight 35, and the tension applied by the third driving cable 36 gradually increases, and acts on the weight 4 through the first driving cable 2, the weight 4 is shifted from the balanced state (that is, the uniform motion stage of the weight 4) to have an upward tension, thereby starting to slow down until being stationary, that is, the actual deceleration process is to gradually convert the tensile force received by the fourth transmission cable 42 into the tensile force received by the third transmission cable 36, so that the first transmission cable 2 acts on the weight 4 again to achieve the effect of decelerating the weight 4.

The deceleration process of embodiments 1 and 2 is not an instantaneous process, but a process of gradually decelerating the weight 4 as the pulling force gradually increases, which is a flexible process, so that the damage to the transmission cable is less, and the buffer floating body 22 may be a closed cavity or an upper open floating body (such as a ship), but it is required to ensure that no water can enter the inside of the floating body during the operation of the whole system, so that the whole floating body is completely submerged, thereby affecting the buoyancy.

The end of the spring 18 is fixed with a spring washer 24, when the slider 19 rises, it will first contact with the spring washer 24 and then compress the spring 18, and at this time, the restoring force generated by the spring 18 is also opposite to the moving direction of the weight 4, that is, the restoring force also plays a role in buffering and decelerating.

In embodiments 1and 2, the buffer floating body 22 may be used independently for the buffer deceleration, and the spring 18 may be used independently for the buffer deceleration, but the service life of the spring may be short, or both may be used together.

Embodiment 3 the deceleration buffer 5 comprises a winch support 25, a wire twisting disc 27 driven by a wire winding motor 26 is mounted on the winch support 25, the first transmission cable 2 is wound on the wire twisting disc 27, and the end part of the first transmission cable 2 is fixed on the ocean platform 1, even when the weight 4 is still not stopped after the first transmission cable 2 on the wire twisting disc 27 is completely paid out, the weight 4 directly acts on the ocean platform 1 through the force conducted by the first transmission cable 2, so that the protection of the wire twisting disc 27 is further improved.

The generator-motor unit 10 is controlled to generate excitation effect through external electric power intervention, so that torque in the opposite direction is provided, and finally the torque is transmitted to the weight 4 through the first transmission cable 2, so that the weight 4 needs to overcome larger and larger resistance when being lowered, and finally the weight is slowly stopped.

As shown in fig. 6, the twisted wire reel 27 is a short shaft, and when the twisted wire reel 27 rotates, the first transmission cable 2 can be wound and unwound.

As shown in fig. 5, the wire twisting disc 27 is a long shaft, the left end and the right end of the rotating shaft of the wire twisting disc 27 adopt threaded shafts, when the wire twisting disc 27 rotates, the wire twisting disc 27 is controlled to move to the left side or the right side through the threaded shafts, the middle part of the shaft is a polished rod for winding the first transmission cable 2, when the wire twisting disc 27 winds and releases the first transmission cable 2, the wire twisting disc 27 synchronously moves to the left side or the right side, so that each winding of the first transmission cable 2 is achieved, the rotating shaft moves a distance (namely, the pitch of the threaded shafts), a large number of first transmission cables 2 are prevented from being wound on the same position of the rotating shaft, the first transmission cables 2 are uniformly wound on the rotating shaft, the stress of the rotating shaft is relatively balanced, and the service life of the rotating shaft is prolonged.

The length and the diameter of the polish rod are mainly determined by the limit of the weight 4 needing energy storage, and after the weight 4 reaches the highest height, the first transmission cable 2 can be wound on the polish rod just fully.

It should be noted that, when the first transmission cable 2 is wound around the polish rod, a smaller gap exists between the first transmission cables 2, so that the first transmission cables 2 cannot be tightly adhered to each other, the first transmission cables 2 can be further uniformly distributed and wound around the whole polish rod, the calculation needs to be performed according to the diameter of the first transmission cables 2 and the position moved when the rotation shaft rotates for one circle, and the length and the diameter of the polish rod are only designed to be relatively adhered to each other, so that specific size and geometric parameters and the like are not limited.

The complete energy storage steps of the invention are as follows:

S1, in an initial state, the heavy object is sunk on the seabed or hung in the sea water and is positioned at a low point, the clutch speed change gear box is regulated to be a speed reduction gear box and is in transmission connection with the driving motor unit 11, the driving motor unit 11 is driven by a power supply/net to lift the heavy object 4 to a high point (the process is carried out when the electricity price is cheaper, so that the energy is stored with the lowest cost), and the primary fixing is carried out;

s2, moving the bearing plate 14, covering the heavy object launching area 13, and driving the driving motor unit 11 reversely to enable the heavy object 4 to slowly descend until the heavy object 4 is placed in the groove 15;

the complete energy release step of the invention is as follows:

A1, driving the weight 4 to be lifted by the driving motor unit 11, completely leaving from the groove 15, and primarily fixing;

a2, removing the bearing plate 14 from the heavy object launching area 13;

A3, adjusting the clutch speed change gear box to be an acceleration gear box and being in transmission connection with the generator motor unit 10;

A4, releasing the weight 4, assisting the weight 4 to sink at a constant speed by the speed regulating floating body 3, and driving the clutch speed changing gearbox through the first transmission cable 2 so as to drive the generator motor unit 10 to rotate and generate electricity;

a5, controlling the weight 4 to buffer and decelerate by the deceleration buffer device 5 until stopping.

In the invention, the movement of the weight 4 comprises an initial acceleration stage, a middle constant speed stage and a later deceleration stage, wherein the constant speed stage is suitable for generating electricity, so that the time of the constant speed stage needs to be increased to the greatest extent, the weight 4 needs to be balanced by the stress of the weight 4 when the weight 4 reaches the constant speed stage, the weight 4 is subjected to gravity G and buoyancy F1, and when the weight 4 is sunk, the weight 4 is also subjected to a flow resistance F2 under the conditions of the same material and geometric dimension, the flow resistance, the instantaneous sinking speed and the medium density of the weight 4 are positively correlated, so that when the weight is sunk, the sea water is used as the medium, the weight 4 is subjected to the flow resistance which is far greater than that provided by air, namely, in theory, after the weight 4 is sunk to a certain depth, the gravity G, the buoyancy F1 and the flow resistance F2 can be balanced (namely, g=f1+f2), and the work at the moment can be used for generating electricity when the weight 4 is sunk.

However, this acceleration process will take a long time, which is equivalent to a deep path where the weight 4 cannot perform work, and at the same time, this also requires a longer first transmission cable 2 to ensure the power generation efficiency, which will significantly increase the construction cost, in order to solve the technical problem that the weight 4 can achieve uniform motion faster without external electric intervention control, the method is to attach the speed regulating floating body 3 above the weight 4, and when the speed regulating floating body 3 is immersed in water, it can provide two forces to the weight 4, namely, the buoyancy force F3 generated by the liquid discharge of the speed regulating floating body 3 and the flow resistance F4 (the weight of the speed regulating floating body 3 is too small compared with that of the weight, ignoring the moment), and by introducing new two forces F3 and F4, the weight 4 can achieve uniform motion faster, and the speed accelerating process of the weight 4 can be further shortened, so as to greatly reduce the path where the weight 4 cannot perform work, that the gravity energy is converted to the power generation efficiency f=f2+f4 in the method.

In the present invention, the speed adjusting floating body 3 and the weight 4 are connected by the fifth transmission cable 43 to have a certain length, and it is assumed that when the speed of the weight 4 reaches 10m/s, the speed adjusting floating body 4 can be pulled into water by the fifth transmission cable 43 when the speed of the weight 4 reaches 10m/s, and after the speed adjusting floating body 3 is added, the acceleration of the weight 4 is reduced, so that the best solution is that only in the acceleration stage, the weight 4 moves, and when the speed adjusting floating body 3 just added into the weight 4 (the moment when the speed adjusting floating body 3 completely enters water), the weight 4 enters the constant speed stage, therefore, in the initial stage, the speed adjusting floating body 3 is placed on the ocean platform 1, and when the speed of the constant speed movement is reached, the speed adjusting floating body 3 is just pulled into water by the fifth transmission cable 43, and the force of the weight 4 needs to meet the requirement, and the force of the weight 4 is converted from gravity G, buoyancy F1 and flow resistance F2 of the weight itself, and the buoyancy force F1 and the flow resistance F2, the flow resistance F2 and the flow resistance of the weight 4 are related to the flow resistance, the flow resistance and flow density and flow resistance of the flow resistance and flow media.

The weight 4 in the present application is a double bullet-shaped cylinder, which is approximately a long ellipsoid of the same length and width, and the calculation of the volume of a double bullet-shaped cylinder can be performed by the steps of the dimensions of the ellipsoid, which generally include length (L), width (W) and height (H).

The volume V can be calculated as v= (2pi×lwh)/9, and the double bullet-shaped cylinder in the present application can be understood as an ellipsoid whose cross section in the vertical direction is circular, so assuming that the centremost cross section, i.e., the radius of the largest cross section, is R ', the above formula can be modified to v= (2pi×r' ² H)/9.

Assuming that the weight is 100 tons, the material is selected to be lead, and according to the density of lead being 11.34×10 ³ kg/m3, the volume of 100 tons of lead is about 8.82m3, and according to the above formula v= (2pi×r ' ² H)/9, it can be deduced that the relationship between the radius and the height is about R ' ² h= 12.6337, that is, when the maximum section radius of the weight is selected to be R ' to be 1.5m, the height H of the weight is about 5.61m.

Since the weight in the present application is a large weight, the flow resistance only considers the wave resistance, ignoring the viscous resistance, so the flow resistance f2=0.5ρv ²C_d a, where ρ represents the density of seawater, the density of seawater is about 1.025× ³kg/m³,C_d at standard conditions (i.e. temperature is 4 degrees celsius, salinity is 35%) representing the drag coefficient of the object (the present weight is a double bullet cylinder, both ends bullet are biased to streamline, and the general coefficient is 0.5 to 1), where the coefficient is taken to be an intermediate value of 0.75, a represents the cross-sectional area of the weight in the direction of the moving speed of the weight in seawater, and since R' is taken to be 1.5m, the area a is about 7.0686m2, v represents the speed of the weight in seawater.

The speed of the weight when the weight descends in the sea water at a constant speed, namely the terminal speed Vt, is taken to be 9.8m/s2 at the moment, and the buoyancy f1=pgv= 88597N of the weight after the weight completely enters the water can be deduced from the above, and the gravity g=mg= 980000N of the weight.

From the empirical formula, it is calculated that:

without the introduction of the adjustable float 3, the weight 4 needs to be accelerated to 18.11m/s to reach a constant velocity stage.

From v=at, a is acceleration, t is acceleration time, we can construct the following calculation formula:

After the introduction of the speed regulating float 3, assuming that the radius of the speed regulating float 3 is 1.5m, the volume thereof is 14.14m3, the buoyancy force F3 provided is 142036N, the flow resistance F4 is also a function of the speed change, the spherical resistance coefficient C _d is known to be 0.5, the flow buoyancy thereof is 1811.32v2, and the formula of the overall weight speed v with respect to the time t at this time becomes:

Considering that the speed v is always changed along with the change of the falling time t, the calculation difficulty is high, so that the curve of the speed with respect to the time change is obtained after adopting the MATLAB programming method as shown in fig. 10.

In the prior art, the resistance provided by the speed regulating floating body 3 to the weight 4 is additionally increased, the time for the weight 4 to reach a uniform speed is reduced to a certain extent, and as can be seen from the figure, under the condition that the speed regulating floating body 3 is not needed to be sunk for 80 seconds, the weight gradually tends to move at a uniform speed (namely, the change of the speed is not obvious compared with the prior art), and after the speed regulating floating body 3 is added, the weight tends to move at a uniform speed after being sunk for about 40 seconds, and is reduced by about 40 seconds, but considering that the speed of the weight is very fast, the weight is sunk for about 434m in the accelerating movement of the prior 40 seconds, which means that the height of 434m is wasted, so that the simple introduction of the speed regulating floating body 3 still consumes too much unused gravitational potential energy in the specific implementation process, and the simple introduction of the speed regulating floating body 3 only can roughly judge the time for the specific time to reach the uniform speed, and no accurate and credible data exists.

Therefore, a shorter and accurate acceleration time is needed, and the following improved calculation method is adopted:

Firstly, we need to preset a constant speed required by the weight, for example, if it is required to accelerate the weight 4 to 10m/s (i.e. the weight 4 is manually controlled to reach 10m/s and then enters a constant speed stage), then constant speed work is performed to generate electricity, i.e. before the weight 4 does not reach 10m/s, the speed regulating floating body 3 does not enter water, and at this time, the change function of speed with respect to time can be calculated by the above formula.

After MATLAB calculation, it is known that 2.92s is required to accelerate to this speed, and by integrating the speed profile, it is known that the total distance taken when reaching 2.92s is 6.33m, so the length L of the fifth drive cable 43 connecting the weight 4 and the speed adjusting float 3 is 6.33m.

Ignoring the time from the time when the speed regulating floating body 3 is completely immersed into water to the time when the weight of the speed regulating floating body 3 is completely immersed, and at the moment, if the weight descends to just reach a uniform speed after the speed regulating floating body 3 is required to be completely immersed, a specific design is required to be made for the geometric dimension of the speed regulating floating body 3.

The principle of the method of the application is that the buoyancy F3 and the flow resistance F4 additionally provided by the external speed regulating floating body 3 can balance the weight 4, and the designed radius of the speed regulating floating body 3 is R, the radius can be calculated by the relation of G=F1+F2+F3+F4:

619704.32-80503.31R2-42076.4R3=0

I.e. the design method of the speed governing float body 3 described in this patent, since this equation is relatively complex, we can use the fzero function of MATLAB, which is a function for finding the zero point of the nonlinear equation, solving for r=1.952 m.

The curve again plotted by MATLAB is shown in fig. 11.

That is, when the radius of the speed adjusting floating body 3 is designed to be 1.952m, the weight is accelerated to 10m/s after the falling time of the weight reaches 2.92s, regardless of the time for which the weight and the speed adjusting floating body 3 are submerged. By solving the integral, the weight drops by 6.33m in total during this time, i.e. the length l=6.33 m of the fifth drive cable 43 connecting the adjustable-speed float 3 and the weight 4. The specific design of the speed regulating floating body 3 and the specific length L can enable the weight to be accelerated to 10m/s, the speed regulating floating body 3 is dragged into water, and the weight keeps sinking at a constant speed of 10m/s all the time.

As can be seen from fig. 10 and 11, compared with the conventional scheme without adding the speed adjusting floating body 3 and the scheme without designing the speed adjusting floating body 3 with a specific size, the novel scheme can enable the weight to reach uniform motion more quickly, saves more gravitational potential energy which is wasted originally, and further improves the energy conversion efficiency.

In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, as they are used in a fixed or removable connection, or as they are integral with one another, as they are directly or indirectly connected through intervening media. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "mounted," "secured" or "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not meant to be the only embodiment.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "particular embodiments," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A buoyancy assisted gravity energy storage method for offshore use is characterized in that a movable or fixed ocean platform is established at sea, a pulley block and a motor unit are installed on the ocean platform, a first transmission cable linked with the motor unit is arranged on the pulley block in a penetrating mode, one end of the first transmission cable is fixed with a speed regulation floating body, the other end of the first transmission cable is fixed with a speed reduction buffer device, and a weight is installed at the lower end of the speed regulation floating body. In an initial state, the weight is sunk on the seabed or sagged in the sea water and is positioned at a low point, when the energy is stored, the motor unit is driven by electricity to lift the weight to a high point and fix the high point, the electric energy is converted into potential energy to be stored, when the energy is released, the weight is sunk under the action of gravity, after the speed regulating floating body contacts the sea water, the sinking speed of the weight is regulated by the speed regulating floating body until the speed is sunk at a uniform speed, finally, the speed reducing buffer device is used for controlling the weight to buffer and slow down until the weight is stopped, so that the weight returns to the low point, and in the sinking process of the weight, the first transmission cable drives the motor unit to generate electricity, the potential energy is converted into the electric energy, and the buoyancy auxiliary gravity electric energy storage is realized through the energy storage energy release circulation.

2. The buoyancy auxiliary gravity energy storage device for the sea is characterized by comprising a movable or fixed ocean platform (1) established at sea, wherein a pulley block and a motor unit are arranged on the ocean platform (1), a first transmission cable (2) which is in linkage with the motor unit is arranged on the pulley block in a penetrating mode, one end of the first transmission cable (2) is fixed with a speed regulation floating body (3), the other end of the first transmission cable is fixed with a speed reduction buffer device (5), and a weight (4) is arranged at the lower end of the speed regulation floating body (3).

3. The buoyancy-assisted gravity energy storage device for the sea according to claim 2, wherein the pulley block comprises a first pulley (6), a second pulley (7), a third pulley (8) and a fourth pulley (9), the installation heights of the third pulley (8) and the fourth pulley (9) are the same, the installation height of the second pulley (7) is the lowest, the first transmission cable (2) sequentially passes through the first pulley (6), the second pulley (7), the third pulley (8) and the fourth pulley (9), and the second pulley (7) is in transmission connection with the motor unit.

4. A buoyancy assisted gravity energy storage device for offshore use according to claim 3, characterised in that the motor unit comprises a generator motor unit (10) and a drive motor unit (11), the generator motor unit (10) and the drive motor unit (11) are in transmission connection with a first gear (12) through a clutch speed change gearbox, and the first gear (12) rotates synchronously with the second pulley (7).

5. The buoyancy-assisted gravity energy storage device for the sea according to claim 2, wherein a weight launching area (13) is arranged on the ocean platform (1) corresponding to the weight (4), a movable bearing plate (14) for placing the weight (4) is arranged on the weight launching area (13), a groove (15) similar to the lower end of the weight (4) is arranged in the middle of the bearing plate (14), the lower end of the weight (4) is placed on the groove (15), and an elastic buffer cushion (16) is placed between the weight (4) and the groove (15).

6. The buoyancy-assisted gravity energy storage device for the sea according to claim 2, wherein the deceleration buffer device (5) comprises a sliding rail seat (17) installed on the ocean platform (1) and a buffer floating body (22), a sliding block (19) pushed downwards by a spring (18) is installed in the sliding rail seat (17), a through hole (20) is formed in the center of the sliding block (19), a clamping block (21) is installed after a first transmission cable (2) passes through the through hole (20), the size of the clamping block (21) is larger than that of the through hole (20), and the buffer floating body (22) is connected with the sliding block (19) through a first reversing wheel (23) and a second transmission cable (34).

7. The device for buoyancy assisted gravity energy storage for the sea according to claim 2, characterized in that the deceleration buffer device (5) comprises a second reversing wheel set (44), a third reversing wheel set (45), a sliding rail seat (17) installed on the ocean platform (1) and a buffering floating body (22), wherein a sliding block (19) pushed downwards by a spring (18) is installed in the sliding rail seat (17), a through hole (20) is formed in the center of the sliding block (19), a clamping block (21) is installed after the first transmission cable (2) passes through the through hole (20), the size of the clamping block (21) is larger than that of the through hole (20), a first balancing weight (35) is installed between the second reversing wheel set (44) and the third reversing wheel set (45), a third transmission cable (36) is arranged in the second reversing wheel set (44) in a penetrating mode to connect the first balancing weight (35) with the sliding block (19), and a fourth transmission cable (42) is arranged in the third reversing wheel set (45) in a penetrating mode to connect the first balancing weight (35) with the buffering floating body (37) with the first floating body (37).

8. Device for buoyancy assisted gravity energy storage at sea according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the spring (18) is fastened with a spring washer (24) at its end.

9. Device for buoyancy assisted gravity energy storage at sea according to claim 2, characterized in that the decelerator buffer device (5) comprises a winch frame (25), on which winch frame (25) a wire reel (27) driven by a wire reeling motor (26) is mounted, the first transmission cable (2) being wound on the wire reel (27).