CN119472021A - A flat-field conversion system for lobster-eye lenses - Google Patents
A flat-field conversion system for lobster-eye lenses Download PDFInfo
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- CN119472021A CN119472021A CN202411351075.4A CN202411351075A CN119472021A CN 119472021 A CN119472021 A CN 119472021A CN 202411351075 A CN202411351075 A CN 202411351075A CN 119472021 A CN119472021 A CN 119472021A
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- eye lens
- lobster eye
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
本发明公开的一种针对龙虾眼透镜的平场转换系统，属于探测领域。本发明包括光源、龙虾眼透镜、曲面光纤束、中继透镜组、中波红外探测器和基座。龙虾眼透镜用于接收视场范围内探测物体投射的光线。本发明将光源置于龙虾眼透镜的边缘视场处，龙虾眼透镜、曲面光纤束、中继透镜组和中波红外探测器从左到右依次同轴固定在基座上。龙虾眼透镜探测边缘视场的物体，物体发出的中波红外光经过龙虾眼透镜会聚在曲面光纤束的前端面上并进行一次成像，曲面光纤束将弯曲的像面转化为平场传输到中继透镜组的物面上，中继透镜组传输像面并与中波红外探测器进行冷阑匹配，从而解决龙虾眼透镜大视场与高分辨的矛盾，实现龙虾眼系统对边缘视场处目标的高精度探测。
The present invention discloses a flat field conversion system for a lobster eye lens, which belongs to the field of detection. The present invention includes a light source, a lobster eye lens, a curved optical fiber bundle, a relay lens group, a medium-wave infrared detector and a base. The lobster eye lens is used to receive light projected by a detection object within the field of view. The present invention places the light source at the edge field of view of the lobster eye lens, and the lobster eye lens, the curved optical fiber bundle, the relay lens group and the medium-wave infrared detector are coaxially fixed on the base in sequence from left to right. The lobster eye lens detects objects in the edge field of view, and the medium-wave infrared light emitted by the object is converged on the front end surface of the curved optical fiber bundle through the lobster eye lens and is imaged once. The curved optical fiber bundle converts the curved image plane into a flat field and transmits it to the object plane of the relay lens group. The relay lens group transmits the image plane and performs cold stop matching with the medium-wave infrared detector, thereby solving the contradiction between the large field of view and high resolution of the lobster eye lens, and realizing the high-precision detection of targets at the edge field of view by the lobster eye system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of detection, and relates to a flat field conversion system for lobster eye lenses.
Background
The bionic lobster eye lens (figure 1) is formed by a plurality of micro-channels to form a square plane, and is divided into Schmidt type and Angle type according to the composition mode of the micro-channels. Unlike traditional imaging optical system with large visual field, high resolution and other properties, the bionic lobster eye lens has the characteristics of small volume and low manufacturing cost, and solves the problems of large volume, more lenses and high cost of the traditional imaging optical system. Lobster eye optical systems are more applicable in the visible and infrared bands. The lobster eye optical system is a reflective optical system (figure 2), the problem of wave band characteristics of materials does not exist, wide spectrum, common aperture, large field of view and high resolution of target detection and imaging can be realized, and the bionic lobster eye technology has good application prospect in the aspect of guidance of a guide head.
However, the spherical symmetrical structure formed by the rectangular microchannel plates of the lobster eye lens widens the view field and simultaneously causes the bending of the image surface. Most of the detectors adopted at present are planar structures, and the larger the target off-axis angle is, the larger the deviation between the actual detection position of the detector and the image plane position is, and the more the focal spot is dispersed. This limits further expansion of the field of view of the lobster eye lens so that the large field detection characteristics of the lobster eye lens are impaired.
With the continuous development of optical fiber bundle imaging, the preparation of curved optical fiber bundles is coming into the field of vision of people. The curved optical fiber bundle (fig. 3) is coupled with the curved focal plane, so that the optical signals are independently transmitted along the respective optical fiber channels and finally become flat when reaching the exit end surface. The curved optical fiber bundle is applied to the lobster eye imaging system, so that the characteristic of a large field of view of the lobster eye lens can be maintained to a great extent, the curved image surface of the lobster eye lens is converted into a flat field and is received by the detector, and clear imaging is performed at the edge field of view.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that a lobster eye lens edge view field target imaging diffuse spot is large and accurate detection is difficult, and provides a flat field conversion system for a lobster eye lens.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
The invention discloses a flat field conversion system for a lobster eye lens, which comprises a light source, the lobster eye lens, a curved optical fiber bundle, a relay lens group, a medium wave infrared detector and a base.
The curvature radius range of the lobster eye lens is 100-800 mm, the focal length is half of the curvature radius of the lobster eye lens, the curvature radius of the imaging image surface is equal to the focal length, the view field range is 20-60 degrees, and the lobster eye lens is used for receiving light projected by a detection object in the view field range.
The curved optical fiber bundle is coupled with the image surface of the lobster eye lens, the curved optical fiber bundle with the front end surface curvature radius equal to the curvature radius of the imaging image surface of the lobster eye lens and the numerical aperture range of 0.3-0.7 is selected, and the front end surface center is placed at the focus of the central view field of the lobster eye lens. The curved optical fiber bundle is used for converting the curved image surface of the lobster eye lens into a plane image.
The relay lens group has an object space numerical aperture (equal to the numerical aperture of the curved optical fiber bundle) of 0.3-0.7 and comprises more than one concave lens or convex lens, and the relay lens group is used for adjusting light rays output by the curved optical fiber bundle, realizing cold stop matching of the medium wave infrared detector and enabling the image surface of the lobster eye lens to be completely imaged on the medium wave infrared detector on the basis.
The medium wave infrared detector can detect medium wave infrared light with the wavelength of 3-5 mu m, and is used for receiving an image which is output by the relay lens group after the equal proportion amplification of a plane image which is output by the curved optical fiber bundle positioned at the object plane of the relay lens.
The light source is arranged at the edge view field of the lobster eye lens, and the lobster eye lens, the curved optical fiber bundle, the relay lens group and the medium wave infrared detector are coaxially fixed on the base in sequence from left to right. The curved optical fiber bundle includes more than one optical fiber. The relay lens group includes one or more convex lenses or one or more concave lenses.
Further, the lobster eye lens is a square plane formed by a plurality of micro matrix channels, and light rays are reflected by the micro matrix channels and converged to a focus after entering the lobster eye. Since the lobster eye lens structure has the characteristic of independently converging light rays in two perpendicular directions, the focusing effect is not completely concentrated, but a special cross focal spot phenomenon is presented.
Further, the aspect ratio (ratio of length t to its channel width d) of the lobster eye satisfies:
where θ c is the critical glancing incidence angle. Epsilon is a constant close to 1, preferably the optimum value of the constant epsilon is epsilon 0.85.
Further, when the lobster eye lens receives the parallel light with the central view field, the parallel light passes through the lobster eye lens and is reflected once and is emitted to the focus, at this time, the rotation angle of the light is 2θ, θ is the opening angle of the axis of the single sub-channel of the lobster eye lens, the emergent light, the straight line where the channel wall of the single sub-channel reflects the light forms an isosceles triangle with the optical axis, when the parallel light passes through the center of the lobster eye lens and is converged to the focus through primary reflection, θ approaches to 0, and two waists of the isosceles triangle approximately coincide with the bottom edge (the curvature radius R of the lobster eye lens), so that the focal length of the lobster eye lens is always equal to half of the curvature radius R of the lobster eye lens. In the field of view, since parallel light incidence with different angles can be focused and imaged on a focal plane, the image is always imaged at a distance R/2 from the lobster eye lens, namely the image plane is a spherical surface with the radius R/2.
Further, the front end face of the curved optical fiber bundle has the same curvature as the curvature radius of the lobster eye image surface, and the front end face center of the curved optical fiber bundle is located at the focus of the lobster eye lens center field of view.
Further, the curved optical fiber bundle has a numerical aperture equal to the maximum value of the numerical aperture of the image side of the lobster eye lens, so that a large amount of energy loss caused by coupling of the curved optical fiber bundle and the image surface of the lobster eye lens is avoided.
Further, the magnification of the relay lens group is beta, and the magnification beta enables the image surface transmitted by the ray bundles of the telescopic curved surface to be completely imaged on the medium wave infrared detector.
The invention discloses a working method of a flat field conversion system for lobster eye lenses, which comprises the following steps: the light source is arranged at the edge view field of the lobster eye lens, and the lobster eye lens, the curved optical fiber bundle, the relay lens group and the medium wave infrared detector are coaxially fixed on the base in sequence from left to right. The lobster eye lens detects an object with an edge view field, medium-wave infrared light emitted by the object is converged on the front end face of the curved optical fiber bundle through the lobster eye lens and imaged once, the curved optical fiber bundle converts a curved image surface into a flat field and transmits the flat field to the object plane of the relay lens group, and the relay lens group transmits the image surface and carries out cold stop matching with the medium-wave infrared detector, so that the contradiction between the large view field and high resolution of the lobster eye lens is solved, and the high-precision detection of a target at the edge view field of the lobster eye system is realized.
The beneficial effects are that:
1. According to the flat field conversion system for the lobster eye lens, disclosed by the invention, under the condition that the self structure of the lobster eye lens is not changed, the curved optical fiber bundle is used, so that the lobster eye lens system is extended, and compared with a method for directly carrying out optical path design on the lobster eye lens, the system is low in design and processing difficulty and small in assembly difficulty, and the lobster eye lens system can be produced in batches.
2. According to the flat field conversion system for the lobster eye lens, disclosed by the invention, the curved optical fiber bundle is used for coupling with the curved image surface of the lobster eye lens, so that the problem that the image surface of the lobster eye lens is curved when imaging at the edge view field and is difficult to directly couple with a plane detector, so that the received focal spot diffuse spots are large is solved, and the capability of the lobster eye optical system for accurately detecting targets at the edge view field is improved.
3. The flat field conversion system for the lobster eye lens disclosed by the invention uses the relay lens group to receive the plane image output by the curved optical fiber bundle, transmits the image plane and carries out cold stop matching with the intermediate wave infrared detector, solves the problem that the optical fiber bundle can only be coupled with the intermediate wave infrared detector without the cold stop, and widens the application range of the optical fiber bundle in the intermediate wave infrared band optical system.
4. The invention discloses a flat field conversion system for a lobster eye lens, which is used for coupling a large-view-field high-resolution image surface with extremely large field curvature of the lobster eye lens with an image transmission optical fiber bundle with the front end surface being bent and the same curvature as that of the image surface, transmitting light rays by using the curved optical fiber bundle, and converting the bent image surface of the lobster eye lens into a plane. The invention can clearly image and accurately detect the target at the edge view field.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a lobster eye lens configuration.
Fig. 2 is a principle (section) of lobster eye lens reflection imaging.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a curved fiber optic bundle.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flat-field switching system for a lobster eye lens.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of lobster eye lens imaging.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 7 (a) is a schematic view of a lobster eye lens fringe field imaging, and fig. 7 (b) is a schematic view of a flat field switching system fringe field imaging for a lobster eye lens.
The device comprises a 1-lobster eye lens, a 2-curved optical fiber bundle, a 3-relay lens group, a 4-medium wave infrared detector, a 5-lobster eye lens, a 6-curved optical fiber bundle, a 7-relay lens group and an 8-medium wave infrared detector.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects and advantages of the present invention, the following description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1:
Lobster eye lens imaging is different from other traditional transmission type compound eye imaging modes. After entering the lobster eye, the light is reflected by the micro-channel and converged to a focus (see fig. 5). Since the lobster eye lens structure has the characteristic of independently converging light rays in two perpendicular directions, the focusing effect is not completely concentrated, but a special cross focal spot phenomenon is presented. Within the field of view, the image of the lobster eye is always imaged at a distance of R/2 from the lobster eye lens, i.e. the image plane is a sphere with O as the centre of sphere and R/2 as the radius, thus defining the focal length of the lobster eye as f=r/2. When light passes through the lobster eye lens, the light is reflected by the micro-channels to form a cross focal spot on the image plane. The energy is concentrated mainly at the center of the "cross focal spot" and is dispersed at the cross focal arm in a small portion. However, in the fringe field of view, the central bright spot of the "cross focal spot" is dispersed, mainly because the lobster eye surface has a large field curvature.
As shown in fig. 4, the flat field conversion system for a lobster eye lens disclosed in this embodiment includes a lobster eye lens 1, a curved optical fiber bundle 2, a relay lens group 3, and a medium wave infrared detector 4.
The curvature radius of the lobster eye lens 1 is 100mm, the focal length is 50mm, the curvature radius of the curved image surface is 50mm, and the field of view of the lobster eye lens 1 is 20 degrees.
In order to couple with the image surface of the lobster eye lens 1, the curved optical fiber bundle 2 is selected and has a numerical aperture of 0.5, wherein the radius of curvature of the front end surface is 50mm, and the center of the front end surface is arranged at the focus of the lobster eye lens 1.
The relay lens group 3 is an infrared relay lens with a zoom ratio of 1:1, and images 1:1 of the image transmitted by the curved optical fiber bundle 2 on the medium wave infrared detector 4.
The medium wave infrared detector 4 is antimonide medium wave infrared detector, and the distance between the window of the medium wave infrared detector 4 and the detector chip is 30mm.
Function of each component:
The lobster eye lens 1 is used for receiving light projected by a detection object in the field of view.
The curved optical fiber bundle 2 is used for converting the curved image surface of the lobster eye lens into a plane image.
The relay lens group 3 is used for adjusting light rays to be matched with the cold stop of the intermediate wave infrared detector 4.
The relay lens group 3 is used for expanding and shrinking an image plane of curved surface light beam transmission to enable the image plane to be completely imaged on the intermediate wave infrared detector 4.
The medium wave infrared detector 4 is used for receiving an image of the system.
The working method of the flat field conversion system for the lobster eye lens disclosed by the embodiment is as follows:
As shown in fig. 6, a lobster eye lens 1, a curved optical fiber bundle 2, a relay lens group 3 and a medium wave infrared detector 4 are coaxially fixed on a base in this order from left to right, and a light source is placed at the edge field of view of the lobster eye lens 1. The lobster eye lens 1 detects an object with an edge view field, medium wave infrared light emitted by the object is converged on the front end face of the curved optical fiber bundle 2 through the lobster eye lens and imaged once, the curved optical fiber bundle 2 converts a curved image surface into a flat field and transmits the flat field to the object plane of the relay lens group 3, and the relay lens group 3 transmits the image surface 1:1 and performs cold stop matching with the medium wave infrared detector 4, so that the contradiction between a large view field and high resolution of the lobster eye lens is solved, and the accurate detection of a target at the edge view field of the lobster eye system is realized.
Fig. 7 (a) shows a schematic view of the imaging of the edge field of view of the lobster eye lens, in which the cross focal spot on the image surface is dispersed and the energy is not concentrated, and fig. 7 (b) shows the imaging of the edge field of view of the flat field conversion system of the lobster eye lens, in which the cross focal spot is dispersed and reduced, so that obvious cross Jiao Bei appears, and the object position can be detected through clear cross Jiao Bei.
While the foregoing detailed description has described the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention in further detail, it should be understood that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the invention, and is intended to cover various modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411351075.4A CN119472021A (en) | 2024-09-26 | 2024-09-26 | A flat-field conversion system for lobster-eye lenses |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411351075.4A CN119472021A (en) | 2024-09-26 | 2024-09-26 | A flat-field conversion system for lobster-eye lenses |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN119472021A true CN119472021A (en) | 2025-02-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411351075.4A Pending CN119472021A (en) | 2024-09-26 | 2024-09-26 | A flat-field conversion system for lobster-eye lenses |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN119472021A (en) |
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- 2024-09-26 CN CN202411351075.4A patent/CN119472021A/en active Pending
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