CN119428069A - Control method of multi-evaporator thermal management system, thermal management system and vehicle - Google Patents
Control method of multi-evaporator thermal management system, thermal management system and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 137
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 32
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多蒸发器型热管理系统的控制方法、热管理系统以及车辆，涉及新能源汽车热管理系统及其控制方法技术领域，其包括若仅有驾驶室侧冷媒循环路径处于运行状态，且标定最低制冷量Qmin大于驾驶室侧的热管理需求时，则将驱动侧冷媒循环路径切换为运行状态，并逐渐提升驱动侧膨胀阀的开度，直至标定最低制冷量Qmin与驾驶室侧的热管理需求相等，实时监控电池组的温度，若电池组的温度低于预设的低温保护阈值时，则对电池组作温度保护处理；本发明主要解决如何为多蒸发器型热管理系统提供合理的控制方法的问题；本发明为多蒸发器型热管理系统在制冷量需求较低的场景下，提供合理的控制方法，提升热管理系统的可靠性和稳定性。
The present invention discloses a control method, a thermal management system and a vehicle of a multi-evaporator type thermal management system, and relates to the technical field of thermal management systems and control methods of new energy vehicles. The method comprises: if only the refrigerant circulation path on the cab side is in operation, and the calibrated minimum cooling capacity Qmin is greater than the thermal management demand on the cab side, the refrigerant circulation path on the driving side is switched to the operation state, and the opening of the expansion valve on the driving side is gradually increased until the calibrated minimum cooling capacity Qmin is equal to the thermal management demand on the cab side, the temperature of the battery pack is monitored in real time, and if the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a preset low temperature protection threshold, the battery pack is subjected to temperature protection treatment; the present invention mainly solves the problem of how to provide a reasonable control method for a multi-evaporator type thermal management system; the present invention provides a reasonable control method for a multi-evaporator type thermal management system in a scenario with low cooling capacity demand, so as to improve the reliability and stability of the thermal management system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a new energy automobile heat management system and a control method thereof, in particular to a control method of a multi-evaporator type heat management system, a heat management system and a vehicle.
Background
New energy automobiles using a motor as (one of) driving force have been increasingly in the market.
The thermal management system of the new energy automobile has a great difference from the thermal management system of the traditional automobile, for example, the thermal management system of the new energy automobile needs to meet the temperature control requirements of the electric driving devices such as the battery pack, the motor and the controller besides meeting the temperature control requirements of the cab, so that the thermal management system of the new energy automobile generally needs to be provided with at least two evaporators to meet the temperature control requirements of the different temperature areas (namely the cab and the electric driving devices).
In the running process of the multi-evaporator type heat management system, the rotation speed interval of the compressor is limited (for example, the variable frequency compressor needs to set the lowest rotation speed to meet the oil return amount requirement of lubricating oil and maintain the normal running of the heat management system), and in the scene of low overall heating value of the new energy automobile (for example, when a cab needs to be refrigerated and an electric drive device does not need to be refrigerated and cooled by phase change), the refrigerating capacity corresponding to the lowest rotation speed of the compressor can far exceed the integral refrigerating capacity requirement of the new energy automobile, so that the problems of overshoot of the heat management system and the like are caused.
In summary, how to provide a reasonable control method for a multi-evaporator thermal management system in a scenario with low refrigeration capacity requirement is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method of a multi-evaporator type heat management system, the heat management system and a vehicle, which can obtain a reasonable control method under the scene of low refrigeration capacity demand, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the heat management system while meeting the refrigeration capacity demand and energy consumption control.
The invention provides a control method of a multi-evaporator type heat management system, which can be applied to the heat management system, wherein a refrigeration module of the heat management system at least comprises a compressor, a condenser, a cab-side expansion valve, a cab-side evaporator, a driving-side expansion valve and a driving-side evaporator, wherein the compressor, the condenser, the cab-side expansion valve and the cab-side evaporator are sequentially and circularly communicated to form a cab-side refrigerant circulation path;
The method comprises the following steps:
S1, dividing a plurality of groups of working conditions for the compressor, respectively measuring the lowest rotating speed of the compressor capable of maintaining normal operation under each group of working conditions, marking as a calibrated lowest rotating speed n min, measuring the refrigerating capacity corresponding to the compressor under the calibrated lowest rotating speed n min, and marking as a calibrated lowest refrigerating capacity Q min;
S2, respectively under each group of working conditions, starting to increase the rotation speed of the compressor from the calibrated lowest rotation speed n min, dividing the rotation speed of the compressor into a plurality of gear rotation speeds n 1,2,…,n, respectively recording the refrigerating capacity of the compressor at each gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n, and recording the refrigerating capacity as gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n;
S3, recording the measured calibration minimum rotation speed n min, the calibration minimum refrigerating capacity Q min, the gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n and the gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n of the compressor under various working conditions to form a refrigerating capacity reference data model;
s4, controlling the rotation speed of the compressor, the opening of the cab-side expansion valve and the opening of the driving-side expansion valve according to the thermal management requirements of the vehicle in the running process of the vehicle;
S5, monitoring working condition of the compressor and rotating speed of the compressor in real time, and under any working condition, if the rotating speed of the compressor reaches a calibrated minimum rotating speed n min, acquiring a corresponding calibrated minimum refrigerating capacity Q min from the refrigerating capacity reference data model, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
S5.A, switching the driving side refrigerant circulation path into an operation state and gradually increasing the opening degree of the driving side expansion valve if only the driving side refrigerant circulation path is in the operation state and the calibrated minimum refrigerating capacity Q min is larger than the thermal management requirement of the driving side, and simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the battery pack in real time until the calibrated minimum refrigerating capacity Q min is equal to the thermal management requirement of the driving side, and performing temperature protection treatment on the battery pack if the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold;
S5.B, if only the refrigerant circulation path of the driving side is in an operation state and the calibrated minimum refrigerating capacity Q min is greater than the thermal management requirement of the driving side, performing temperature protection treatment on the battery pack;
S6, under any working condition, if the rotation speed of the compressor reaches a calibrated minimum rotation speed n min and the temperature of a variable frequency drive of the compressor exceeds a preset early warning threshold value, the rotation speed of the compressor is gradually increased according to a gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n recorded by the refrigerating capacity reference data model until the temperature of the variable frequency drive is below the early warning threshold value, and a gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n corresponding to the gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n is obtained from the refrigerating capacity reference data model, and the method comprises the following steps:
S6.A, if only the cooling medium circulation path at the cab side is in an operation state and the gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n is larger than the thermal management requirement at the cab side, switching the cooling medium circulation path at the driving side into the operation state, gradually increasing the opening degree of the expansion valve at the driving side until the gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n is equal to the thermal management requirement at the cab side, monitoring the temperature of the battery pack in real time, and if the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, performing temperature protection treatment on the battery pack;
And S6.B, if only the driving side refrigerant circulation path is in an operation state and the gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n is larger than the driving side thermal management requirement, performing temperature protection treatment on the battery pack.
In the above technical solution, in step s5.A, the temperature protection treatment is performed on the battery pack, specifically:
(1) If the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is provided with a gas-liquid separator, guiding a refrigerant to enter the gas-liquid separator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a preset low-temperature protection threshold;
(2) If the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is not provided with a gas-liquid separator, or after the part (1) of the step S5.A is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, but the thermal management system is provided with a low-temperature radiator, the battery pack is backheated from the air side through the low-temperature radiator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold;
(3) And if the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is not provided with a gas-liquid separator and the thermal management system is not provided with a low-temperature radiator, or after the part (2) of the step S5.A is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, heating the battery pack through a heater until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold.
In the above technical solution, in step s5.B, the temperature protection treatment is performed on the battery pack, specifically:
(1) If the thermal management system is provided with a low-temperature radiator, backheating the battery pack from the air side through the low-temperature radiator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a preset low-temperature protection threshold value;
(2) And (2) if the thermal management system is not provided with a low-temperature radiator, or after the part (1) of the step S5.B is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, and the battery pack is heated by a heater until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold.
In the above technical solution, in step s6.A, the temperature protection treatment is performed on the battery pack, specifically:
(1) If the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is provided with a gas-liquid separator, guiding a refrigerant to enter the gas-liquid separator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a preset low-temperature protection threshold;
(2) If the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is not provided with a gas-liquid separator, or after the part (1) of the step S6.A is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, but the thermal management system is provided with a low-temperature radiator, the battery pack is backheated from the air side through the low-temperature radiator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold;
(3) And if the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is not provided with a gas-liquid separator and the thermal management system is not provided with a low-temperature radiator, or after the part (2) of the step S6.A is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, heating the battery pack through a heater until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold.
In the above technical solution, in step s6.B, the temperature protection treatment is performed on the battery pack, specifically:
(1) If the thermal management system is provided with a low-temperature radiator, backheating the battery pack from the air side through the low-temperature radiator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a preset low-temperature protection threshold value;
(2) And (2) if the thermal management system is not provided with a low-temperature radiator, or after the part (1) of the step S6.B is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, and the battery pack is heated by a heater until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold.
In the above technical scheme, in step S2, the rotational speed of the compressor is divided into a plurality of gear rotational speeds n 1,2,…,n, and the specific method is that under each set of working conditions, the rotational speed of the compressor is increased from the calibrated lowest rotational speed n min, the change relation of the refrigerating capacity and the energy efficiency value of the compressor along with the rotational speed is measured, and the rotational speed of the compressor is divided into a plurality of gear rotational speeds n 1,2,…,n according to the grade of the energy efficiency value.
In the technical scheme, the working conditions comprise any one or a plurality of environmental temperature, evaporation temperature of the compressor and condensation temperature of the compressor.
In the above technical solution, in step S4, the thermal management requirements of the vehicle include any one or more of a temperature of the air conditioner given by the cab, a temperature of the battery pack, a temperature of the motor, and a temperature of the driving controller.
A thermal management system employing the control method of the multi-evaporator thermal management system.
A vehicle comprising the thermal management system described above.
Compared with the prior art, the control method, the thermal management system and the vehicle of the multi-evaporator type thermal management system have the advantages that the driving side refrigerant circulation path can be switched to the running state when the minimum refrigeration capacity Q min is calibrated to be larger than the thermal management requirement of the cab side, and the battery pack can be subjected to temperature protection treatment when the minimum refrigeration capacity Q min is calibrated to be larger than the thermal management requirement of the driving side.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural view of a thermal management system of the present invention.
The device comprises a compressor 1, a condenser 2, a cab-side expansion valve 3, a cab-side evaporator 4, a driving-side expansion valve 5, a driving-side evaporator 6, a first circulating pump 7, a second circulating pump 8, a four-way valve 9, a low-temperature radiator 10, a low-temperature radiator 11, a liquid heat exchanger 12, a third circulating pump 12, a heater 13, a heater 14, a three-way valve 15, an air heat exchanger 100, a battery pack 200, a motor 300 and a driving control device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment provides a control method of a multi-evaporator type thermal management system, which can be applied to the thermal management system and is used for controlling the operation of the thermal management system so as to avoid the problems of overshoot and the like of the thermal management system.
The thermal management system of the present embodiment is mounted on a vehicle using a motor as one of driving forces, and the thermal management object includes a battery pack 100, a motor 200, a drive control device 300 (e.g., a three-in-one controller), and an air conditioner of a cab, wherein each of the battery pack 100, the motor 200, and the drive control device 300 is provided with a liquid-cooling medium passage for heat exchange with the liquid-cooling medium.
Referring to fig. 1, as an exemplary example, the thermal management system of the present embodiment at least includes a refrigeration module, and the refrigeration module of the thermal management system at least includes a compressor 1, a condenser 2, a cab-side expansion valve 3, a cab-side evaporator 4, a driving-side expansion valve 5, and a driving-side evaporator 6.
The compressor 1 is a compressor for compressing a refrigerant in a refrigeration system, specifically a variable frequency compressor, the condenser 2 is a condenser in the refrigeration system, heat is radiated by a fan attached to the condenser, the fan is a precision electronic fan capable of controlling and feeding back the rotation speed of the fan, the cab-side expansion valve 3 and the driving-side expansion valve 5 are throttling devices in the refrigeration system, in the embodiment, the cab-side expansion valve 3 and the driving-side expansion valve 5 are electronic expansion valves, and the cab-side evaporator 4 and the driving-side evaporator 6 are evaporators in the refrigeration system, and can be used for evaporating the refrigerant therein, so that refrigeration is achieved.
The compressor 1, the condenser 2, the cab-side expansion valve 3 and the cab-side evaporator 4 are sequentially and circularly communicated to form a cab-side refrigerant circulation path, the compressor 1, the condenser 2, the driving-side expansion valve 5 and the driving-side evaporator 6 are sequentially and circularly communicated to form a driving-side refrigerant circulation path, the refrigeration module shares the compressor 1 and the condenser 2, and is also a common arrangement of a thermal management system of a vehicle, the output end of the condenser 2 is split into the cab-side expansion valve 3 and the driving-side expansion valve 5, and the output end of the cab-side evaporator 4 and the output end of the driving-side evaporator 6 are converged to the input end of the compressor 1.
The thermal management system of this embodiment further includes a liquid cooling module, which at least includes a first circulation pump 7, a second circulation pump 8, a four-way valve 9, a low-temperature radiator 10, and a liquid heat exchanger 11.
The four-way valve 9 is a liquid valve, which is provided with an a port, a b port, a c port and a d port which can be controlled by an upper computer (such as a vehicle controller or a thermal management system controller) to be opened, closed and switched to be communicated, the low-temperature radiator 10 is a metal radiator which is provided with a plurality of liquid flow channels, radiating fins are arranged between each liquid flow channel, and the radiator can radiate heat for the liquid medium flowing through the radiator in a forced convection or natural convection mode, in the embodiment, the low-temperature radiator 10 and the condenser 2 of the refrigeration module share one fan/a group of fans, in other embodiments, the condenser 2 of the refrigeration module and the low-temperature radiator 10 of the liquid cooling module can be respectively provided with a group of independent fans, and the liquid heat exchanger 11 is provided with two mutually independent liquid flow channels, so that the medium in the two liquid flow channels can exchange heat;
As shown in fig. 1, when the port a and the port b of the four-way valve 9 are communicated with each other and the port c and the port d are communicated with each other, one liquid-cooling medium circulation path is the first circulation pump 7, the port a and the port b of the four-way valve 9, the liquid-cooling medium passage of the driving side evaporator 6, the liquid heat exchanger 11, and the liquid-cooling medium passage of the battery pack 100, the liquid-cooling medium circulation path realizes phase-change refrigeration heat dissipation through the driving side evaporator 6, and the other liquid-cooling medium circulation path is the second circulation pump 8, the port c and the port d of the four-way valve 9, the liquid-cooling medium passage of the driving control device 300, the liquid-cooling medium passage of the motor 200, and the low-temperature radiator 10, and the liquid-cooling medium circulation path realizes air convection heat dissipation through the low-temperature radiator 10.
When the port a and the port d of the four-way valve 9 are mutually communicated and the port b and the port c are mutually communicated, the liquid cooling medium circulation path is that the first circulation pump 7, the port a and the port d of the four-way valve 9, the liquid cooling medium channel of the driving control device 300, the liquid cooling medium channel of the motor 200, the low-temperature radiator 10, the second circulation pump 8, the port c and the port b of the four-way valve 9, the liquid cooling medium channel of the driving side evaporator 6, the liquid heat exchanger 11 and the liquid cooling medium channel of the battery pack 100 are mutually communicated, and the liquid cooling medium circulation path realizes air convection heat dissipation through the low-temperature radiator 10, and at the moment, the refrigerating module does not operate.
The thermal management system of the present embodiment further includes a heating module including at least a third circulation pump 12, a heater 13, a three-way valve 14, and an air heat exchanger 15.
The third circulation pump 12 is a liquid pump capable of driving a liquid cooling medium to flow, such as an electronic water pump, the heater 13 is an electrothermal liquid heater 13 for heating the liquid cooling medium, the electrothermal liquid heater can be controlled by an upper computer to turn on/off and adjust heating power, the three-way valve 14 is a liquid valve, the liquid valve is provided with an a port, a b port and a c port, the a port, the b port and the c port can be controlled by the upper computer (such as a vehicle controller or a thermal management system controller) to turn on/off and switch communication, the air heat exchanger 15 is a metal heat exchanger with a plurality of liquid flow channels, and heat dissipation fins are arranged between the liquid flow channels, and the metal heat exchanger can emit heat of the liquid cooling medium flowing through the heater to the air in a forced convection mode.
As shown in fig. 1, when the port a and the port b of the three-way valve 14 are mutually communicated, the liquid cooling medium circulation path is that the third circulation pump 12, the heater 13, the port a and the port b of the three-way valve 14 and the air heat exchanger 15, the liquid cooling medium in the liquid cooling medium circulation path is heated by the heater 13 and is dispersed into the cab when flowing through the air heat exchanger 15, air conditioning warm air is provided for the cab, the port a and the port c of the three-way valve 14 are mutually communicated, the liquid cooling medium circulation path is that the third circulation pump 12, the heater 13, the port a and the port c of the three-way valve 14 and the liquid heat exchanger 11 of the liquid cooling module are arranged, the liquid cooling medium in the liquid cooling medium circulation path is heated by the heater 13 and can heat the liquid cooling medium in the liquid cooling module when flowing through the liquid heat exchanger 11, so as to heat/insulate the battery pack 100, and obviously, the port a, the port b and the port c of the three-way valve 14 are mutually communicated can provide air conditioning warm air for the cab and also heat/insulate the battery pack 100.
The thermal management system of the present embodiment is merely a typical example, and for example, in other embodiments, the driving side evaporator 6 may be a direct cooling heat exchanger, and for example, in other embodiments, a liquid cooling module and a heating module having other structures may be used, and in fact, only the refrigerating module having the compressor 1, the condenser 2, the driving side expansion valve 3, the driving side evaporator 4, the driving side expansion valve 5, and the driving side evaporator 6 may be disposed, so that the following control method may be implemented.
The control method of the multi-evaporator type thermal management system of the embodiment includes:
S1, dividing a plurality of groups of working conditions for the compressor, respectively measuring the lowest rotating speed of the compressor capable of maintaining normal operation under each group of working conditions, marking the lowest rotating speed as a calibrated lowest rotating speed n min, and measuring the refrigerating capacity of the compressor corresponding to the lowest rotating speed n min, and marking the refrigerating capacity as the lowest calibrated refrigerating capacity Q min.
The working conditions comprise any one or a plurality of environmental temperature, evaporation temperature of the compressor and condensation temperature of the compressor.
The method comprises the steps of dividing a plurality of groups of working conditions for the compressor, particularly dividing any one or a plurality of environmental temperatures, evaporating temperatures of the compressor and condensing temperatures of the compressor in a certain range to form the plurality of groups of working conditions, respectively/successively placing the compressor under the plurality of groups of working conditions, for example, dividing the environmental temperatures into-20 ℃ to 0 ℃,0 ℃ to 20 ℃ and 20 ℃ to 40 ℃ and respectively/successively placing the compressor in the environmental temperatures.
In this embodiment, the engine can maintain the lowest rotation speed (i.e. the calibrated lowest rotation speed n min) of normal operation, specifically, the lowest rotation speed of the compressor under the working condition, which can meet the oil return requirement of the lubricating oil.
S2, under the working conditions of each group, the rotation speed of the compressor is increased from the calibrated lowest rotation speed n min, the rotation speed of the compressor is divided into a plurality of gear rotation speeds n 1,2,…,n, the refrigerating capacity of the compressor under each gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n is recorded, and the refrigerating capacity is recorded as gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n.
Specifically, in step S2, the rotational speed of the compressor is divided into a plurality of gear rotational speeds n 1,2,…,n, and the specific method is as follows:
And respectively increasing the rotation speed of the compressor from the calibrated lowest rotation speed n min under the working conditions of each group, measuring the change relation of the refrigerating capacity and the energy efficiency value of the compressor along with the rotation speed, and dividing the rotation speed of the compressor into a plurality of gear rotation speeds n 1,2,…,n according to the grade of the energy efficiency value.
The energy efficiency value is classified into a range value, which can be defined by a national standard, an industry regulation and other scientific standards/scientific regulations as a class, or can be defined by a class made by a manufacturer.
The gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n is specifically a midpoint value of the rotation speed of the compressor under the level of a certain energy efficiency value, and the gear refrigeration capacity Q 1,2,…,n is specifically the refrigeration capacity of the compressor under a certain gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n.
And S3, recording the measured minimum calibrated rotating speed n min, the minimum calibrated refrigerating capacity Q min, the gear rotating speed n 1,2,…,n and the gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n of the compressor under various working conditions to form a refrigerating capacity reference data model.
In some possible embodiments, the refrigeration capacity reference data model is obtained by taking the minimum calibrated rotation speed n min as the starting point of the independent variable, taking the gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n as the discrete independent variable, taking the minimum calibrated refrigeration capacity Q min as the starting point of the independent variable, corresponding to the minimum calibrated rotation speed n min, taking the gear refrigeration capacity Q 1,2,…,n as the discrete independent variable, and corresponding to each gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n respectively.
And S4, controlling the rotation speed of the compressor, the opening degree of the cab-side expansion valve and the opening degree of the driving-side expansion valve according to the thermal management requirements of the vehicle during the running process of the vehicle.
Specifically, the thermal management requirements of the vehicle include any one or several of an air-conditioning given outlet air temperature of the cab, an air-conditioning given outlet air gear of the cab, a temperature of the battery pack, a temperature of the motor, and a temperature of the drive controller.
In this step, the rotation speed of the compressor, the opening degree of the cabin-side expansion valve, and the opening degree of the driving-side expansion valve are controlled, specifically, by a vehicle controller or a thermal management system controller.
S5, monitoring working condition of the compressor and rotating speed of the compressor in real time, under any working condition, if the rotating speed of the compressor reaches a calibrated minimum rotating speed n min, acquiring a corresponding calibrated minimum refrigerating capacity Q min from a refrigerating capacity reference data model, and:
S5.A, if only the cooling medium circulation path at the cab side is in an operation state and the calibrated minimum refrigerating capacity Q min is larger than the thermal management requirement at the cab side, switching the cooling medium circulation path at the driving side into the operation state, gradually increasing the opening of the expansion valve at the driving side until the calibrated minimum refrigerating capacity Q min is equal to the thermal management requirement at the cab side, simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the battery pack in real time, and if the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, performing temperature protection treatment on the battery pack.
As described above, the calibrated minimum cooling capacity Q min and the thermal management requirements on the cab side (e.g., the cab temperature, the ambient temperature, the air-conditioning given air-out temperature of the cab, the air-conditioning given air-out gear of the cab, etc.) are converted to the same thermodynamic unit, and the calibrated minimum cooling capacity Q min and the thermal management requirements on the cab side can be compared.
Above-mentioned, when the minimum cooling capacity Q min of demarcating is greater than the thermal management demand of driver's cabin side, the air conditioner of driver's cabin takes place to overshoot easily (appears as the refrigerating capacity too big on the sense of the body), will drive side refrigerant circulation path this moment and switch to running state, and drive side refrigerant circulation path can shunt the refrigerant of a part of driver's cabin side refrigerant circulation path, and through the aperture that promotes the driving side expansion valve gradually, can indirectly adjust the refrigerant flow of driver's cabin side refrigerant circulation path, until the minimum cooling capacity Q min of demarcating equals with the thermal management demand of driver's cabin side, can avoid the air conditioner of driver's cabin to take place to overshoot promptly.
S5.B, if only the refrigerant circulation path at the driving side is in an operation state and the calibrated minimum refrigerating capacity Q min is larger than the thermal management requirement at the driving side, performing temperature protection treatment on the battery pack.
S6, under any working condition, if the rotation speed of the compressor reaches the calibrated minimum rotation speed n min and the temperature of a variable frequency driver of the compressor exceeds a preset early warning threshold (for example, 0.9 times of the frequency-reducing temperature), the rotation speed of the compressor is gradually increased according to the gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n recorded by the refrigerating capacity reference data model until the temperature of the variable frequency driver is below the early warning threshold, and the gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n corresponding to the gear rotation speed n 1,2,…,n is obtained from the refrigerating capacity reference data model, and the method comprises the following steps:
S6.A, if only the cooling medium circulation path at the cab side is in an operation state and the gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n is larger than the thermal management requirement at the cab side, switching the cooling medium circulation path at the driving side into the operation state, gradually increasing the opening of the expansion valve at the driving side until the gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n is equal to the thermal management requirement at the cab side, simultaneously monitoring the temperature of the battery pack in real time, and if the temperature of the battery pack is lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, performing temperature protection treatment on the battery pack.
As described above, the gear refrigeration Q 1,2,…,n and the thermal management requirement on the cab side (e.g., the cab temperature, the ambient temperature, the air-conditioning given air-out temperature of the cab, the air-conditioning given air-out gear of the cab, etc.) are converted to the same thermodynamic unit, i.e., the gear refrigeration Q 1,2,…,n and the thermal management requirement on the cab side can be compared.
Above-mentioned, gear refrigerating output Q 1,2,…,n is greater than the thermal management demand of driver's cabin side, and the air conditioner of driver's cabin takes place to overshoot easily (appears as the refrigerating output on the sense of the body too big), will drive side refrigerant circulation path this moment and switch to running state, and drive side refrigerant circulation path can shunt the refrigerant of a part of driver's cabin side refrigerant circulation path, and through the aperture that promotes the driving side expansion valve gradually, can indirectly adjust the refrigerant flow of driver's cabin side refrigerant circulation path, when the thermal management demand of gear refrigerating output Q 1,2,…,n and driver's cabin side equals, can avoid the air conditioner of driver's cabin to take place to overshoot promptly.
And S6.B, if only the driving side refrigerant circulation path is in an operation state and the gear refrigerating capacity Q 1,2,…,n is larger than the driving side thermal management requirement, performing temperature protection treatment on the battery pack.
Specifically, in step s5.A, the battery pack is subjected to a temperature protection process, specifically:
(1) If the refrigerating module of the thermal management system is provided with a gas-liquid separator, guiding a refrigerant to enter the gas-liquid separator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a preset low-temperature protection threshold;
(2) If the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is not provided with a gas-liquid separator, or after the part (1) of the step S5.A is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold value, but the thermal management system is provided with a low-temperature radiator, the battery pack is backheated from the air side through the low-temperature radiator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold value;
(3) If the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is not provided with the gas-liquid separator and the thermal management system is not provided with the low-temperature radiator, or after the step S5.A of the step (2) is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, the battery pack is heated by the heater until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold.
Specifically, in step s5.B, the battery pack is subjected to a temperature protection treatment, specifically:
(1) If the thermal management system is configured with a low-temperature radiator, backheating the battery pack from the air side through the low-temperature radiator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a preset low-temperature protection threshold value;
(2) If the thermal management system is not provided with a low-temperature radiator, or after the part (1) of the step S5.B is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, the battery pack is heated by the heater until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold.
Specifically, in step s6.A, the battery pack is subjected to a temperature protection process, specifically:
(1) If the refrigerating module of the thermal management system is provided with a gas-liquid separator, guiding a refrigerant to enter the gas-liquid separator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a preset low-temperature protection threshold;
(2) If the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is not provided with a gas-liquid separator, or after the part (1) of the step S6.A is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold value, but the thermal management system is provided with a low-temperature radiator, the battery pack is backheated from the air side through the low-temperature radiator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold value;
(3) If the refrigeration module of the thermal management system is not provided with the gas-liquid separator and the thermal management system is not provided with the low-temperature radiator, or after the step S6.A of the step S2 is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than the preset low-temperature protection threshold value, the battery pack is heated by the heater until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold value.
Specifically, in step s6.B, the battery pack is subjected to a temperature protection process, specifically:
(1) If the thermal management system is configured with a low-temperature radiator, backheating the battery pack from the air side through the low-temperature radiator until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than a preset low-temperature protection threshold value;
(2) If the thermal management system is not provided with a low-temperature radiator, or after the step S6.B of the step (1) is implemented, the temperature of the battery pack is still lower than a preset low-temperature protection threshold, the battery pack is heated by the heater until the temperature of the battery pack is higher than the preset low-temperature protection threshold.
According to the control method of the multi-evaporator type heat management system, the heat management system and the vehicle, when the minimum cooling capacity Q min is calibrated to be larger than the heat management requirement of the cab side, the driving side refrigerant circulation path can be switched to be in an operation state, and when the minimum cooling capacity Q min is calibrated to be larger than the heat management requirement of the driving side, the battery pack can be subjected to temperature protection treatment, so that a reasonable control method is provided for the multi-evaporator type heat management system under the condition of lower cooling capacity requirement, the reliability and the stability of the heat management system are improved while the cooling capacity requirement and the energy consumption control are met, the problem that the compressor operates at the lowest rotation speed for a long time is effectively avoided, and the service life of the heat management system is prolonged.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
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