CN119422816A - A plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN119422816A CN119422816A CN202510039162.4A CN202510039162A CN119422816A CN 119422816 A CN119422816 A CN 119422816A CN 202510039162 A CN202510039162 A CN 202510039162A CN 119422816 A CN119422816 A CN 119422816A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- matrix
- plant
- retention time
- good mechanical
- water retention
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920000936 Agarose Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940045110 chitosan Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940014259 gelatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000292 pectin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 52
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 23
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 22
- 241000208822 Lactuca Species 0.000 description 21
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000703 anti-shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000208 phytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000885 phytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008636 plant growth process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种保水时间长和力学性能好的植物基质及其制备方法，涉及植物培育技术领域，植物基质由一种保水时间长和力学性能好的植物基质的制备方法制备得到，制备方法包括以下步骤，S1、向模具内加入混合液和基质原料，其中，基质原料由泥炭、珍珠岩和蛭石组成，混合液体积：基质原料体积为0.7~1.22，其中，混合液由第一固化材料和第二固化材料组成；S2、对模具内的混合液和基质原料进行至少两次冻融循环，得到植物基质，其中，冷冻温度为‑30℃~‑4℃，持续时间为14~16h，融化温度为10℃~40℃，持续时间为7~9h。The invention discloses a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of plant cultivation. The plant matrix is prepared by a preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, adding a mixed liquid and a matrix raw material into a mold, wherein the matrix raw material consists of peat, perlite and vermiculite, and the volume of the mixed liquid is 0.7-1.22 of the volume of the matrix raw material, wherein the mixed liquid consists of a first solidified material and a second solidified material; S2, performing at least two freeze-thaw cycles on the mixed liquid and the matrix raw material in the mold to obtain the plant matrix, wherein the freezing temperature is ‑30°C-‑4°C, the duration is 14-16h, and the melting temperature is 10°C-40°C, the duration is 7-9h.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the increasing level of town, the area of cultivated land is reduced and the field of vertical greening is continuously rising. At present, the gardening matrix is mainly a loose matrix and is difficult to apply to vertical greening, and on the other hand, the loose matrix is easy to wash by rain to cause the loss of the matrix, thereby affecting the growth and development of plants.
Solidifying the loose matrix by a certain technical means to prepare the matrix raw material. Compared with the traditional loose culture medium, the medium raw material has certain rain wash resistance, is nontoxic and harmless, can meet the growth requirement of plants, and can also meet the requirement of the vertical greening field on the medium.
When the matrix raw material is prepared by the prior art, three means are generally adopted for curing the matrix, namely heating curing, compression curing and glue bonding curing. The heat curing technology generally adds a certain amount of hot-melt fibers into a matrix, wherein the hot-melt fibers are a substance formed by semi-melt polyester fibers according to a sheath-core structure, and a three-dimensional network structure is formed in the matrix in the melting process. The preparation requires heating the matrix material to melt the hot melt fibers therein, and then press-molding the matrix using a pressing apparatus. Compression curing is achieved by physically compressing the matrix raw material to obtain a shaped matrix block. And the glue is adhered and solidified by uniformly gluing the periphery of the matrix block, so as to achieve the molding effect.
In summary, the matrix curing technology in the prior art mainly adopts three schemes, namely, 1. Adding hot-melt fibers into a matrix material, and then heating the material added with the hot-melt fibers to obtain a cured matrix block. In this case, the equipment expenditure is high, and the energy consumption is also high because of the heating required, as in CN105367216B, CN 105297178B. 2. The matrix material is compressed to compact the matrix material, so that the solidification effect is achieved. In this case, the compression equipment needs to have higher precision expenditure, and in addition, the effect after compression has larger difference due to different matrix raw materials, so that the overall curing effect is poor. 3. The plastic effect, such as CN112335489A, is realized by uniformly gluing the periphery of the matrix block and utilizing the adhesive property of the glue. However, glues are generally phytotoxic and can only be cured easily from the outer layer, making it difficult to achieve an overall uniform curing effect of the matrix block.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding mixed liquor and matrix raw materials into a mould, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite, the volume of the mixed liquor is 0.7-1.2, and the mixed liquor consists of a first curing material and a second curing material;
S2, performing freeze thawing cycle on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold at least twice to obtain the plant matrix, wherein the freezing temperature is-30 ℃ to-4 ℃, the duration time is 14-16 h, the melting temperature is 10-40 ℃, and the duration time is 7-9 h.
The concentration of the first curing material is 0.25% -2%, and the concentration of the second curing material is 0.5% -3%.
The first solidifying material is one or more of agarose, sodium alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, pectin and gelatin.
The second curing material is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium alginate.
The weight ratio of peat to perlite to vermiculite in the matrix raw material is 8:4:1.
The method further comprises a step S0, wherein the step S0 is to add the first curing material and the second curing material into deionized water, and mix the materials uniformly at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution.
A plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property is prepared by a preparation method of the plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the technology is a technology for curing the common loose matrix raw material by utilizing the first curing material and the second curing material so as to obtain the cured soilless culture matrix. The principle of formation of the first and second cured materials by freeze-thaw cycles is primarily dependent on the molecular structure and crystallization ability of the second cured material. During the freeze-thawing process, the second solidified material solution freezes at low temperatures forming tiny ice crystals that melt upon thawing, causing the second solidified material molecules to rearrange and form crystalline regions. With the increase of the freeze thawing cycle times, the hydrogen bond and crystallization area among the molecules of the second curing material are gradually increased, and finally a stable three-dimensional network structure is formed, so that the matrix block has good mechanical strength and elasticity. The addition of the first curable material may further improve the physical properties and biocompatibility of the matrix block. Under the technical support, the matrix can be easily solidified into different forms, and the overall mechanical property of the matrix can be easily regulated and controlled, so that the excellent mechanical property is ensured, and meanwhile, the better water holding air permeability is ensured, thereby being beneficial to plant growth. And the first curing material and the second curing material are materials with good biocompatibility and environmental friendliness, so that the prepared plant matrix is easy to recover and degrade and cannot cause secondary pollution.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and stirring and mixing uniformly at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 1.5%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 1%;
s2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10cm, 10cm and 6cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 0.7;
S3, carrying out three freeze-thawing cycles on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold, wherein each cycle is frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours, and thawing at normal temperature for 8 hours to obtain the plant matrix 1.
Example 2
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and uniformly stirring and mixing at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 1.5%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 0.5%;
S2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10 cm-6 cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 0.9
S3, carrying out three freeze-thawing cycles on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold, wherein each cycle is frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours, and thawing at normal temperature for 8 hours to obtain the plant matrix 2.
Example 3
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and uniformly stirring and mixing at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 1%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 1%;
S2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10 cm-6 cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 1.1
S3, carrying out three freeze-thawing cycles on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold, wherein each cycle is frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours, and thawing at normal temperature for 8 hours to obtain the plant matrix 3.
Example 4
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and stirring and mixing uniformly at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 1%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 0.5%;
S2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10cm, 10cm and 6cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 1.2;
s3, carrying out three freeze-thawing cycles on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold, wherein each cycle is frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours, and thawing at normal temperature for 8 hours to obtain the plant matrix 4.
Example 5
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and stirring and mixing uniformly at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 3%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 0.25%;
s2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10 cm-6 cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 0.7
S3, carrying out three freeze-thawing cycles on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold, wherein each cycle is frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours, and thawing at normal temperature for 8 hours to obtain the plant matrix 5.
Example 6
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and uniformly stirring and mixing at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 3%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 2%;
S2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10 cm-6 cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 0.9
S3, carrying out three freeze-thawing cycles on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the die, wherein each cycle is frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours, and thawing at normal temperature for 8 hours to obtain the plant matrix 6.
Example 7
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and uniformly stirring and mixing at 95 to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 1%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 0.25%;
S2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10 cm-6 cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 1.1
S3, carrying out three freeze-thawing cycles on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold, wherein each cycle is frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours, and thawing at normal temperature for 8 hours to obtain the plant matrix 7.
Example 8
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and stirring and mixing uniformly at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 0.5%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 2%;
s2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10 cm-6 cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 1.2
S3, carrying out three freeze-thawing cycles on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the die, wherein each cycle is frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours, and thawing at normal temperature for 8 hours to obtain the plant matrix 8.
Example 9
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and uniformly stirring and mixing at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 1%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 1%;
S2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10 cm-6 cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 1.1
S3, performing freeze-thawing cycle on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold twice, wherein the mixed solution and the matrix raw material are frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours and thawed at normal temperature of 25 ℃ for 8 hours in each cycle, so as to obtain the plant matrix 9.
Example 10
A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property comprises the following steps,
S1, adding polyvinyl alcohol and agarose into deionized water, and uniformly stirring and mixing at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution, wherein the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol in the mixed solution is 1.5%, and the concentration of the agarose in the mixed solution is 0.5%;
s2, filling the mixed solution and the matrix raw materials into a mould container with a cylinder of which the length, width and height are 10cm, 10cm and 6cm respectively and the bottom is provided with a cylinder of which the diameter is 4cm and the height is 2.5cm, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite according to the weight ratio of 8:4:1, and the volume of the mixed solution is 0.9;
and S3, performing four freeze-thawing cycles on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold, wherein the mixed solution and the matrix raw material are frozen at-20 ℃ for 16 hours and thawed at normal temperature of 25 ℃ for 8 hours in each cycle, so as to obtain the plant matrix 10.
Test results
1. Determination of mechanical Properties of plant substrates
The impact resistance of the plant matrix was tested using a pendulum impact tester, and the surface hardness of the matrix material in the dry and wet state was tested using a shore durometer, respectively, with the results shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
2. Determination of pore structure of plant substrates
The pore structure of the matrix is a space capable of containing water and air among solid particles of the matrix material, and is also a space for the activities of animal microorganisms among plant root systems and the matrix, and the reasonable pore structure is very important for the growth condition of plants.
The porosity of a matrix refers to the percentage of pore volume per volume of the total volume of the matrix. The matrix porosity was defined as matrix porosity (%) = (1-matrix raw material volume/matrix volume) ×100% and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
3. Determination of the Water-holding Property of plant substrates
The water content of the plant matrix is the gram of water content held in each hundred grams of matrix, the water retention is calculated according to the following formula, wherein the water retention is measured= (W Wet state -W Dry )/W Dry is 100 percent), 10cm is 6cm square fiber culture soil is soaked for 10 minutes to fully absorb water, the plant matrix is spread to dryness and weighed, then the plant matrix is baked to constant weight in an oven at 65 ℃, and the plant matrix is moved into a dryer to be cooled to room temperature, and is weighed, and the result is shown in a table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
4. Observation of plant substrate stability
After harvesting the lettuce, observing whether the matrix block collapses, the volume is shrunken, the appearance changes such as cracking and the like. Collapse, volume shrinkage to less than 95% before cultivation, cracking, and cracking were recorded as 1 score, cracking was recorded as 2 scores for two of the three cases, cracking was recorded as 3 scores for three of the three cases, and cracking was recorded as 0 score if the three cases were not present, and substrate blocks were not cured and molded, and the results are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 Table 4
5. Plant growth observation
Lettuce was sown in each run and observed for growth for 4 weeks (28 days total). The planted lettuce has strong plants, thick leaves, normal leaf color, strong root system, well developed capillary root and poor growth condition. In addition, after the lettuce grows for four weeks, the fresh weight and the dry weight of the single lettuce plant are recorded, and the more the fresh weight and the dry weight of the lettuce plant with good growth vigor are, the more excellent the lettuce cultivation effect of the substrate is considered.
TABLE 5
From the comparison of tables 1-5 above, it was found that the polyvinyl alcohol and agarose contents had a significant effect on the mechanical properties, pore structure, water holding capacity, stability and plant growth conditions of the matrix materials. And the number of freeze-thaw cycles can also affect the effect of the final matrix material.
Of examples 1-4, example 1 was 1.780 kj/square meter, the highest in terms of impact resistance. This indicates that the matrix has the strongest resistance when impacted by external forces and is suitable for use in environments where high strength protection is required. Example 2 was 1.395 kj/square meter, next highest. The impact resistance was higher but slightly lower than in example 1. Example 3, 1.195 kj/square meter, medium. The shock resistance is moderate, and the anti-shock agent is suitable for being used in general environments. Whereas example 4 was 1.002 kj/square meter, the lowest. The method is also suitable for being used in a general environment. The wet and dry matrix surface hardness tendencies are consistent with impact resistance, with example 1 being highest, example 2 times highest, example 3 medium, example 4 lowest. In combination with plant growth, example 1 is too hard, affecting plant root growth and expansion, and also limiting root respiration and moisture uptake. While examples 2-4, which are more suitable in hardness, are beneficial to the growth of plant root systems and the respiration and moisture absorption of the root systems. Also, the plants grew significantly worse in example 1 than in examples 2-4.
In examples 1-4, matrix porosity plays a critical role in the plant growth process, as it directly affects the air permeability and water retention of the matrix, thereby affecting respiration and moisture uptake of the plant root system. The lower porosity of example 1 means that the air permeability of the matrix is poor, which may limit the oxygen supply to the root system and affect the respiration of the root system. And example 1 also has relatively low water holding capacity (376%) combined with low porosity, the mobility of the moisture in the matrix may be poor, resulting in difficulty in obtaining sufficient moisture for the root system.
The lettuce growth was therefore poor, with both fresh and dry weights being minimal, indicating that low porosity and water retention are detrimental to lettuce growth.
In comparison, the porosity and water retention of the examples 2-4 are higher, the air permeability is better, the oxygen supply of the root system is facilitated, and the respiration of the root system is promoted. Sufficient moisture can also be provided, which is beneficial to the plants to keep the moisture under drought conditions.
By comparing the porosity of the matrix of the four examples and their effect on lettuce growth, it can be seen that the matrix of example 4 has the highest porosity, and the best water holding capacity and air permeability, which is most beneficial to lettuce growth. Example 1 had the lowest porosity, poor water retention and air permeability, resulting in the worst lettuce growth. Both the porosity and the water holding capacity of example 2 and example 3 are moderate, which is favorable for lettuce growth, but slightly inferior to example 4.
By comparing the matrix stability, impact resistance and surface hardness of examples 1-4, it can be seen that example 4 performed the worst in matrix stability because of its lower impact resistance and surface hardness, resulting in collapse of the matrix blocks after cultivation. However, these properties do not negatively affect lettuce growth, but rather provide a more suitable growth environment due to higher water holding capacity and porosity, but may undergo structural changes during use due to poor matrix stability, affecting long term use. In comparison, examples 2 and 3 are excellent in substrate stability, no significant change and damage of the external structure occurs in the plant growth cycle, and lettuce grows well as well, and examples 2 and 3 are probably superior to example 4 if used for plant cultivation in the growth cycle.
By comparing the four examples 1-4 laterally, example 4 performs best on multiple key performance indicators if the plant is cultivated non-vertically for a short period of time, and can provide an optimal growing environment for lettuce. But is only applicable to short-term and general-scene cultivation because of poor substrate stability due to its low impact resistance and surface hardness.
However, it can be found from examples 5, 6 and 8 that the soilless culture substrate blocks for plant cultivation can be produced without simply curing them, and that too high concentration of polyvinyl alcohol and agarose can result in too hard substrate blocks and difficulty in normal growth of plants. The mechanical properties of the whole of example 5, example 6 and example 8 are very excellent, and the solidification of the matrix material can be completely realized, but the whole matrix is too hard to be used for plant cultivation. In addition, in the cultivation process of example 6 and example 8, the situation that the plants cannot be rooted into the matrix blocks after seedling transplanting due to the too high surface hardness occurs, and the lettuce cannot be planted, but in the cultivation process of example 5, although the lettuce can grow by rooting, the root system is difficult to grow, so that insufficient water, nutrient and air are obtained, and the lettuce growth condition is extremely poor. In contrast to example 7, the immobilization of the matrix block was not achieved after three freeze-thaw cycles, since the polyvinyl alcohol and agarose in the mixture were too low. Therefore, the proper proportion of polyvinyl alcohol and agarose can obviously influence the mechanical property, pore structure, water holding capacity and stability of the matrix block, thereby influencing the growth of plants.
Comparing example 3 with example 9, example 2 and example 10 can find that the better the matrix material effect is as the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases, the less well the matrix mass can be set after two freeze-thaw cycles as in example 9, and the curing effect cannot be achieved. And example 3 with the same proportion has excellent mechanical property after three freeze thawing cycles, and the lettuce cultivation effect is also good. However, by comparing example 2 with example 10, no significant difference in properties was found, which can be explained by the fact that the hydrogels were able to achieve excellent crosslinking after three freeze-thawing cycles and thus had less change after the fourth freeze-thawing cycle. And (3) taking the energy consumption cost of the time cost grade freeze thawing cycle into consideration, wherein the freeze thawing cycle is completed for 3 times.
In the comprehensive view, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 are balanced in various performance indexes, are favorable for growth of lettuce, have excellent stability and can be suitable for cultivation in multiple scenes and long periods.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments, but is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of modifications within the scope of the inventive concept, either as taught or as a matter of routine skill or knowledge in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property is characterized by comprising the following steps,
S1, adding mixed liquor and matrix raw materials into a mould, wherein the matrix raw materials consist of peat, perlite and vermiculite, the volume of the mixed liquor is 0.7-1.2, and the mixed liquor consists of a first curing material and a second curing material;
S2, performing freeze thawing cycle on the mixed solution and the matrix raw material in the mold at least twice to obtain the plant matrix, wherein the freezing temperature is-30 ℃ to-4 ℃, the duration time is 14-16 h, the melting temperature is 10-40 ℃, and the duration time is 7-9 h.
2. The method for preparing the plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the first curing material is 0.25% -2% and the concentration of the second curing material is 0.5% -3%.
3. The method for preparing a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties according to claim 2, wherein the first solidifying material is one or more of agarose, sodium alginate, carrageenan, chitosan, pectin and gelatin.
4. The method for preparing a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property according to claim 2, wherein the second curing material is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium alginate.
5. The preparation method of the plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical property as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of peat to perlite to vermiculite in the matrix raw material is 8:4:1.
6. The method for preparing a plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties according to claim 1, further comprising step S0, wherein the step S0 is to add a first curing material and a second curing material into deionized water, and mix the mixture uniformly at 95 ℃ to obtain a mixed solution.
7. A plant substrate having a long retention time and good mechanical properties, characterized in that it is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202510039162.4A CN119422816A (en) | 2025-01-10 | 2025-01-10 | A plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202510039162.4A CN119422816A (en) | 2025-01-10 | 2025-01-10 | A plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN119422816A true CN119422816A (en) | 2025-02-14 |
Family
ID=94525748
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202510039162.4A Pending CN119422816A (en) | 2025-01-10 | 2025-01-10 | A plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN119422816A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002051638A (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-02-19 | Unitika Ltd | Biodegradable support for plant |
| CN1399868A (en) * | 2001-08-02 | 2003-03-05 | 初慧民 | Base material for cultivating plant |
| US20060079597A1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-13 | Zimmer, Inc. | PVA hydrogel |
| CN115820261A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-21 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of biodegradable agricultural water retention material |
| US20240324530A1 (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-10-03 | Velocigro Inc. | Horticultural hydrogels |
-
2025
- 2025-01-10 CN CN202510039162.4A patent/CN119422816A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002051638A (en) * | 2000-08-07 | 2002-02-19 | Unitika Ltd | Biodegradable support for plant |
| CN1399868A (en) * | 2001-08-02 | 2003-03-05 | 初慧民 | Base material for cultivating plant |
| US20060079597A1 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-04-13 | Zimmer, Inc. | PVA hydrogel |
| US20240324530A1 (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-10-03 | Velocigro Inc. | Horticultural hydrogels |
| CN115820261A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-21 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation method of biodegradable agricultural water retention material |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 夏海武等: "植物生物技术", vol. 1, 30 June 2008, 合肥工业大学出版社, pages: 19 * |
| 罗天宽等: "植物组织培养", vol. 1, 31 May 2016, 中国农业大学出版社, pages: 35 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3973355A (en) | Self-contained hydrophilic plant growth matrix and method | |
| US4074997A (en) | Plant plug | |
| CN103004568A (en) | Soilless culture substrate formula for strawberries | |
| CN109417980A (en) | Plant planting method for reducing water evaporation of desert | |
| FI88511B (en) | FORMAD KROPP FRAMSTAELLD AV EN BLANDNING BESTAOENDE FOER EN STOERRE DEL AV BAERARFIBRER OCH FOER EN MINDRE DEL AV THERMOPLASTIC SYNTHETIC BINDNINGSFIBRER OCH FOERFARANDE FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV DENNA FORMADE | |
| CN112273191B (en) | Preparation process of seedling substrate block and substrate block prepared by preparation process | |
| CN106810360A (en) | Afforesting matrix that a kind of protection against erosion is lost in and preparation method thereof and purposes | |
| WO2020186798A1 (en) | Moisturizing, fertilizer retaining and fully permeable cultivation substrate, and preparation method therefor | |
| CN119422816A (en) | A plant matrix with long water retention time and good mechanical properties and preparation method thereof | |
| EP0647093B1 (en) | Porous solid material | |
| CN112262736B (en) | Substrate block with hardened shell, preparation device and preparation method | |
| CN102726275A (en) | Urea formaldehyde-acrylic acid compound culture substrate and method for preparing same | |
| CN118496039A (en) | Desertification soil conditioner capable of preserving water and increasing fertilizer and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114258836B (en) | Nitrogen-phosphorus-containing biodegradable polymer double-crosslinked hydrogel soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof | |
| KR101444914B1 (en) | Solid medium for nutrient solution culture and method for producing thereof | |
| CN106561231A (en) | Method for drought resisting transplanting of flue-cured tobacco through agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent | |
| CN110122184B (en) | Preparation method of controllable water-retaining agent material for edible fungus sticks | |
| CN112602559A (en) | Light ultra-water-retention culture medium formula suitable for three-dimensional greening | |
| JPH04169127A (en) | Culture medium for cultivating plant | |
| CN221634544U (en) | Planting culture dish | |
| CN118126293B (en) | A multi-dimensional plant growth matrix material | |
| CN111528090A (en) | Strawberry tissue culture seedling hardening matrix for improving hardening quality of strawberry tissue culture seedlings and preparation and use methods and application thereof | |
| CN105130622A (en) | Soilless culture substrate formula used for vertical greening, and production method therefor | |
| CN114402948B (en) | Self-forming degradable plant culture medium for three-dimensional greening and preparation method thereof | |
| CN120040148A (en) | Plant-growing type porous ecological concrete and preparation method and application thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |