CN119413734B - Spectral reflectance test method, OCT system, medium, product and equipment - Google Patents
Spectral reflectance test method, OCT system, medium, product and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于光谱反射率测试技术领域。提出了一种光谱反射率测试方法、OCT系统、介质、产品及设备，对任一波长，进行多次目标区域的光谱采集，得到所述波长对应的多个互相关干涉信号，将各个所述互相关干涉信号进行处理后组成的组合信号；获取所述组合信号的常系数以及三角函数系数，根据所述组合信号与的比值得到所述波长下对应的反射率。本发明仅利用目标区域的信号，分割目标区域时利用的图像是采集到的最高分辨率的图像，因此分割的精度能够达到最高，而且傅里叶逆变换得到的光谱分辨率与原始采集的光谱分辨率保持一致，不会导致光谱分辨率的降低，可以得到更精确的光谱反射率。
The present invention belongs to the technical field of spectral reflectance testing. A spectral reflectance testing method, OCT system, medium, product and equipment are proposed. , perform multiple spectral acquisitions of the target area to obtain multiple cross-correlated interference signals corresponding to the wavelength , processing each of the cross-correlated interference signals to form a combined signal; obtaining the constant coefficient of the combined signal And the trigonometric coefficients , according to the combined signal and The ratio of the values is used to obtain the reflectivity corresponding to the wavelength. The present invention only uses the signal of the target area, and the image used when segmenting the target area is the image with the highest resolution collected, so the segmentation accuracy can be maximized, and the spectral resolution obtained by inverse Fourier transform is consistent with the spectral resolution of the original collection, which will not lead to a decrease in spectral resolution, and a more accurate spectral reflectivity can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spectral reflectance testing, in particular to a spectral reflectance testing method, an OCT system, a medium, a product and equipment.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Spectral reflectance, which is the ratio of the intensity of reflected light to the intensity of incident light after the light has been applied to an object, is generally used to describe the reflection characteristics of an object and is a function of wavelength. When the light source irradiates the object, the object can selectively reflect electromagnetic waves with different wavelengths, and the reflecting capacity is closely related to the characteristics of the material, the color and the like of the object. In OCT, spectral reflectance mainly refers to the ability of different layers or types of tissue within the tissue to reflect light, which is closely related to the optical properties of the tissue. The retina is the most important photosensitive tissue of the eye, and its health state directly affects visual functions. The blood oxygen saturation of the retina is an important indicator for assessing retinal metabolism and blood supply conditions, and is usually calculated by means of the spectral reflectance of blood. In the existing method for measuring the blood oxygen saturation by OCT, the spectral reflectance of the lower wall of a retinal blood vessel is generally measured first, and then the blood oxygen saturation is calculated by a least square method. Furthermore, the different layers of the retina are different in light sensitivity to different wavelengths, which also generally implies some disease information. For example, the spectral reflectance of the optic nerve fiber layer may change as glaucoma progresses.
Conventional spectral reflectance testing methods, commonly referred to as windowing or short-time fourier transform methods, apply gaussian windows at different bands of raw data to obtain spectral data that contains only a partial band. And then, carrying out image reconstruction by utilizing the spectral data of each group of partial wave bands, calculating the signal intensity of a target area, and obtaining the spectral reflectivity under each wave band through normalization and other processing. Finally, continuous spectral reflectivity is obtained by interpolation or fitting and other methods. However, the conventional method has the problems that (1) the window is used to narrow the band range, so that the axial resolution of the image data obtained by image reconstruction is reduced, and therefore, the signal of the target area may be mixed with the signal of the surrounding area, and the irrelevant signal is introduced in the segmentation process of the target area, (2) the spectrum resolution is poor, the spectrum information of the whole band is used in the image reconstruction process, the obtained spectrum reflectivity is a weighted result in the whole band range, the true reflectivity under a single wavelength is difficult to accurately reflect, and (3) the operation complexity is high, the operation from the spectrum signal to the image needs to be carried out again after each window is used, and the calculation complexity and the time cost are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a spectral reflectance test method, a system, a medium, a software product and equipment. When the target area is segmented, the resolution of the segmented data is consistent with the highest resolution which can be achieved by the acquired original data. In addition, the frequency of Fourier transformation and inverse Fourier transformation required by the invention depends on the frequency required for eliminating the phase of the trigonometric function, usually only ten times, and the windowing rule usually needs to perform hundreds of Fourier transformation operations in order to ensure the quantity of effective spectral reflectivity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of spectral reflectance testing.
A method of spectral reflectance testing comprising the steps of:
For any wavelength Spectrum acquisition of multiple target areas is carried out to obtain multiple cross-correlation interference signals corresponding to the wavelengthsProcessing each cross-correlation interference signal to form a combined signal;
obtaining constant coefficients of the combined signal Trigonometric function coefficientsBased on the combined signal andThe corresponding reflectivity at the wavelength is obtained.
As a further limitation of the first aspect of the invention, the maximum number of spectral acquisitions is for said wavelengthOptical path difference varying from each spectral acquisitionThe ratio of (2) is rounded.
As a further limitation of the first aspect of the invention, the constant coefficients of the combined signalThe method comprises the steps of multiplying a conversion coefficient from light intensity to an electric signal in a spectrometer, transmittance of light emitted by a light source reaching an entire light path of a sample arm reflecting mirror, transmittance of light reflected by a reference arm reaching the entire light path of the spectrometer, transmittance of light emitted by the light source reaching the entire light path of a reference arm sample, transmittance of light reflected by the sample arm reaching the entire light path of the spectrometer and reflectivity of the reference arm reflecting mirror.
As a further definition of the first aspect of the present invention, processing each of the cross-correlation interference signals comprises:
Will be Domain signalIs converted into after linearizationThe domain signal is used to determine the domain size,In the followingThe domains are sequentially subjected to Fourier transformation, target layer segmentation, inverse Fourier transformation and lambda domain linearization to obtain a processed cross-correlation interference signal。
As a further definition of the first aspect of the invention, the combined signal is:
;
Reflectivity of different layers of sample tissue when the divided interlayer substances are the same tissue Equal to the same reflectivityAccording to the trigonometric function addition formula,And (3) withEquivalently, absolute values are taken to obtain:
;
Wherein, The resulting phase is summed for a trigonometric function,For the number of spectral acquisitions,For the number of discrete frequencies contained in the target layer,As a starting position of the target layer,The reflectivity of the different layers is organized for the sample,For the distance difference between the light split from the coupler and the object measured by the reference arm mirror and the sample arm, the optical path difference,The optical path difference was changed for each spectral acquisition.
As a further limitation of the first aspect of the present invention, the interlayer reflectivity of the target regionThe method comprises the following steps:
;
Wherein, Representative ofThe rounded values were performed.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an OCT system for spectral reflectance testing.
An OCT system for spectral reflectivity test comprises a light source, a coupler, a first collimator, a reflecting mirror, a piezoelectric displacement platform, a second collimator, a scanning galvanometer,System, human eye, spectrometer and processing terminal, first collimator and reflector constitute reference arm, second collimator, scanning galvanometer and processing terminalThe system constitutes a sample arm;
The light source is connected with the coupler through optical fibers, the coupler is connected with the first collimator and the second collimator through optical fibers respectively, the first collimator is opposite to the reflector in position, the reflector is arranged on the piezoelectric displacement platform, and the reflector can be driven by the piezoelectric displacement platform to approach or be far away from the first collimator;
the second collimator, the scanning galvanometer and the scanning galvanometer The systems are arranged in sequence along the optical path, human eyes and the methodThe second focusing lens of the system is positioned opposite, the coupler is connected with the spectrometer, the spectrometer is connected with the processing terminal, and the processing terminal is configured to execute the spectral reflectivity testing method according to the first aspect of the invention.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising a processor and a computer readable storage medium;
a processor adapted to execute a computer program;
a computer readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements a method for spectral reflectance testing according to the first aspect of the invention.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform a method of spectral reflectance testing according to the first aspect of the present invention.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of spectral reflectance testing according to the first aspect of the invention.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. The invention innovatively provides a spectral reflectivity testing strategy, which is used for carrying out spectrum acquisition on multiple target areas to obtain multiple cross-correlation interference signals corresponding to the wavelengths Processing each cross-correlation interference signal to form a combined signal, and obtaining a constant coefficient of the combined signalTrigonometric function coefficientsBased on the combined signal andThe corresponding reflectivity under the wavelength is obtained, only the signal of the target area is utilized, and the image utilized in dividing the target area is the acquired image with the highest resolution, so that the dividing precision can reach the highest, and the calculating precision of the reflectivity is ensured.
2. The invention innovatively provides a spectral reflectivity testing strategyDomain signalIs converted into after linearizationThe domain signal is used to determine the domain size,In the followingThe domains are sequentially subjected to Fourier transformation, target layer segmentation, inverse Fourier transformation and lambda domain linearization to obtain a processed cross-correlation interference signalThe spectrum resolution obtained by the inverse Fourier transform is consistent with the spectrum resolution of the original acquisition, the spectrum resolution is not reduced, and more accurate spectrum reflectivity can be obtained.
3. Windowing algorithms to ensure the number of effective spectral reflectances typically require hundreds of fourier transform operations, whereas the number of fourier transforms and inverse fourier transforms required by the present invention depends on the number of times required to eliminate the trigonometric phase, typically only ten times, effectively reducing the complexity of the operation.
Additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for testing spectral reflectance according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an OCT system for spectral reflectance testing according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a computer device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
wherein, 1 part of the light source, 2 parts of the coupler, 3 parts of the first collimator, 4 parts of the reflecting mirror, 5 parts of the piezoelectric displacement platform, 6 parts of the second collimator, 7 parts of the scanning galvanometer, 8 parts of the scanning galvanometer, System, 9, human eyes, 10, spectrometer, 11, processing terminal.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example 1:
the implementation mode provides a spectral reflectance test method which is implemented by adopting the OCT system for spectral reflectance test shown in figure 2 and comprises a light source 1, a coupler 2, a first collimator 3, a reflecting mirror 4, a piezoelectric displacement platform 5, a second collimator 6, a scanning galvanometer 7, a second collimator, System 8, human eye 9, spectrometer 10 and processing terminal 11, wherein first collimator 3 and mirror 4 form a reference arm, second collimator 6, scanning galvanometer 7 and processing terminal 11The system 8 forms a sample arm, the light source 1 is connected with the coupler 2 through optical fibers, the coupler 2 is connected with the first collimator 3 and the second collimator 6 through optical fibers respectively, the first collimator 3 is opposite to the reflector 4 in position, the reflector 4 is arranged on the piezoelectric displacement platform 5, the reflector 4 can be driven by the piezoelectric displacement platform 5 to be close to or far away from the first collimator 3, the second collimator 6, the scanning galvanometer 7 and the 4f system 8 (comprising a first focusing lens and a second focusing lens) are sequentially arranged along an optical path, human eyes are opposite to the second focusing lens in position, the coupler 2 is connected with the spectrometer 10, and the spectrometer 10 is connected with the processing terminal 11.
The spectral reflectivity testing method comprises the following steps:
For any wavelength Spectrum acquisition of multiple target areas is carried out to obtain multiple cross-correlation interference signals corresponding to the wavelengthsProcessing each cross-correlation interference signal to form a combined signal;
obtaining constant coefficients of the combined signal Trigonometric function coefficientsBased on the combined signal andThe corresponding reflectivity at the wavelength is obtained.
More specifically, the following are included:
Acquiring a spectrum signal:
(1);
Wherein lambda is the wavelength, For the signals acquired by the spectrometer camera,As a direct current component of the power supply,As the cross-correlation component,Is the autocorrelation component of the sample arm, wherein the DC componentThe autocorrelation component can be removed by subtracting the reference arm original signalSince its signal strength is too small, it can be ignored.
An expression for the cross-correlation component is as follows:
(2);
Wherein, For the conversion coefficient of the light intensity into an electrical signal in the spectrometer,The transmittance of the whole light path for the light emitted by the light source 1 to reach the sample arm reflector 4,The transmittance of the light reflected by the reference arm to the whole optical path of the spectrometer,The transmittance of the whole light path for the light emitted by the light source 1 to reach the reference arm sample,The transmittance of the light reflected by the sample arm to the whole optical path of the spectrometer,For the reflectivity of the reference arm mirror 4,The reflectivity of the different layers is organized for the sample,For the distance difference between the light split from the coupler and the object measured by the reference arm mirror and the sample arm, the optical path difference,Is the number of effective frequencies of the fourier transform.
Equation (2) expresses the cross-correlation interference signal acquired by the spectrometer, the reflectivity of only different layers of the sample tissue is unknown, and equation (2) can be simplified as follows:
(3);
Will be Conversion of signals toThe domain signal is used to determine the domain size,In the followingPerforming Fourier transform on the domain, then dividing the target layer, performing inverse Fourier transform,Domain linearization to retrieve a particular layerDomain interference signals. The resulting signal can be expressed as:
(4);
Wherein, As a starting position of the target layer,Is the number of discrete frequencies contained in the target layer.
Quantitatively changing the position of the reference arm (realized by driving the reflecting mirror 4 to move through the piezoelectric displacement platform 5) and carrying out multiple collection and data processing, wherein the obtained multiple groups of data can be expressed as follows:
(5);
Wherein, For the number of spectral acquisitions,For each spectrum acquisition changing optical path difference, the precision of the known piezoelectric displacement platform can reach 0.2nm.
The divided interlayer materials are generally of the same tissue and have similar optical properties, soIn (a) and (b)Can be considered to be at differentThe following is the same.
According to the trigonometric function addition formula,Equivalent toTaking absolute value to obtain:
(6);
wherein A (lambda) is a coefficient obtained by adding trigonometric functions, and phi lambda is a phase obtained by adding trigonometric functions.
In the formula (6), for the trigonometric functionWhen (when)The function is changed by just one complete period, the integral of one period is equal to 2, comprisingDiscrete data, so for eachOnly need to use'Zhang' aRepresentative pairRounding result) data, and obtaining:
(7);
the interlayer reflectivity of the target area can be obtained:
(8)。
as shown in FIG. 1, a specific calculation procedure is provided, first of all, setting up The first data acquisition is performed such thatJudgingNo equal toIf yes, then proceed toDomain linearization, fourier transformation, segmentation of the target region, inverse Fourier transformation,Domain linearization, then calculating the added trigonometric function coefficient based on the dividing position, carrying out multi-group signal superposition, and calculating to obtain the interlayer reflectivity, if not, moving the reference arm, and continuing the next acquisition.
Example 2:
As shown in FIG. 2, the present implementation provides an OCT system for spectral reflectance testing as described in example 1, comprising a light source 1, a coupler 2, a first collimator 3, a mirror 4, a piezoelectric displacement stage 5, a second collimator 6, a scanning galvanometer 7, a second collimator, System 8, human eye 9, spectrometer 10 and processing terminal 11, wherein first collimator 3 and mirror 4 form a reference arm, second collimator 6, scanning galvanometer 7 and processing terminal 11The system 8 constitutes a sample arm.
The light source 1 is connected with the coupler 2 through optical fibers, the coupler 2 is connected with the first collimator 3 and the second collimator 6 through optical fibers respectively, the first collimator 3 is opposite to the reflecting mirror 4 in position, the reflecting mirror 4 is arranged on the piezoelectric displacement platform 5, and the reflecting mirror 4 can be driven by the piezoelectric displacement platform 5 to be close to or far away from the first collimator 3;
a second collimator 6, a scanning galvanometer 7, The system 8 (comprising a first focusing lens and a second focusing lens) is arranged in sequence along the optical path, the human eye being positioned opposite the second focusing lens, the coupler 2 being connected to a spectrometer 10, the spectrometer 10 being connected to a processing terminal 11, the processing terminal 11 being configured to perform the spectral reflectance test method described in example 1.
Example 3:
As shown in fig. 3, the present implementation provides an electronic device that includes a processor 1001, a communication interface 1002, and a computer-readable storage medium 1003. Wherein the processor 1001, the communication interface 1002, and the computer-readable storage medium 1003 may be connected by a bus or other means.
Wherein the communication interface 1002 is for receiving and transmitting data, the computer readable storage medium 1003 may be stored in a memory of the electronic device, the computer readable storage medium 1003 is for storing a computer program comprising program instructions, and the processor 1001 is for executing the program instructions stored in the computer readable storage medium 1003.
The processor 1001, or CPU (Central Processing Unit )), is a computing core and a control core of the electronic device, which are adapted to implement one or more instructions, in particular to load and execute one or more instructions to implement a corresponding method flow or a corresponding function.
The processor 1001 is configured to perform the following:
For any wavelength Spectrum acquisition of multiple target areas is carried out to obtain multiple cross-correlation interference signals corresponding to the wavelengthsProcessing each cross-correlation interference signal to form a combined signal;
obtaining constant coefficients of the combined signal Trigonometric function coefficientsBased on the combined signal andThe corresponding reflectivity at the wavelength is obtained.
The specific method is described in embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
Example 4:
The present implementation provides a computer-readable storage medium (Memory) that is a Memory device in an electronic device for storing programs and data. It is understood that the computer readable storage medium herein may include both built-in storage media in an electronic device and extended storage media supported by the electronic device. The computer readable storage medium provides a memory space that stores a processing system of the electronic device.
Also stored in the memory space are one or more instructions, which may be one or more computer programs (including program code), adapted to be loaded and executed by the processor. It should be noted that the computer readable storage medium may be a high speed RAM memory, or may be a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk memory, or may alternatively be at least one computer readable storage medium located remotely from the foregoing processor.
In one embodiment, the computer readable storage medium has one or more instructions stored therein, and the processor loads and executes the one or more instructions stored in the computer readable storage medium to implement the following:
For any wavelength Spectrum acquisition of multiple target areas is carried out to obtain multiple cross-correlation interference signals corresponding to the wavelengthsProcessing each cross-correlation interference signal to form a combined signal;
obtaining constant coefficients of the combined signal Trigonometric function coefficientsBased on the combined signal andThe corresponding reflectivity at the wavelength is obtained.
The specific method is described in embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
Example 5:
The present implementation provides a computer program product or computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer readable storage medium. The processor of the electronic device reads the computer instructions from the computer readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions to cause the electronic device to perform the following:
For any wavelength Spectrum acquisition of multiple target areas is carried out to obtain multiple cross-correlation interference signals corresponding to the wavelengthsProcessing each cross-correlation interference signal to form a combined signal;
obtaining constant coefficients of the combined signal Trigonometric function coefficientsBased on the combined signal andThe corresponding reflectivity at the wavelength is obtained.
The specific method is described in embodiment 1, and will not be described here again.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions in accordance with embodiments of the present application are produced in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted across a computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital line (DSL)), or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). Computer readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or data processing device, such as a server, data center, or the like, that contains an integration of one or more of the available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk (Solid STATE DISK, SSD)), or the like.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN118482634A (en) * | 2023-02-10 | 2024-08-13 | 上海超光微医疗科技有限公司 | Doppler optical coherence tomography method and imaging device |
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| CN118319235A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-07-12 | 华南师范大学 | A vascular imaging method and system based on normalized time-varying intensity sequence similarity |
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