CN119407609A

CN119407609A - A method for aligning the origin of product coordinates

Info

Publication number: CN119407609A
Application number: CN202510017944.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒲喜龙; 李育成; 唐荣
Original assignee: Guangdong Columbium Cnc Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Columbium Cnc Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2025-01-06
Filing date: 2025-01-06
Publication date: 2025-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2045-01-06
Also published as: CN119407609B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for aligning a product coordinate origin, which particularly relates to the field of machine tool measurement, wherein a communication protocol is established between a numerical control system and a CCD (charge coupled device) system of a machine tool to ensure that the numerical control system and the CCD system can normally cooperate to perform measurement, the numerical control system and the CCD system can normally communicate and jointly work, a refraction auxiliary piece and a product to be measured are arranged on the machine tool, the distance between the center of a main shaft and the center of a CCD camera is determined through the CCD system, the product is vertically irradiated by using a light source, and light is refracted to a 45-degree refraction surface of the refraction auxiliary piece through the product and the refraction auxiliary piece by using the refraction principle of light and then refracted to the top plane of the refraction auxiliary piece. According to the invention, a communication protocol is established between the numerical control system and the CCD system of the machine tool, the coordinate origin of a product is measured in a projection mode by utilizing the refraction principle of light, and data is fed back to the machine tool for positioning and processing, so that the position degree of a processing structure and a positioning reference is ensured.

Description

Product coordinate origin alignment method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool measurement, in particular to a method for aligning the origin of coordinates of a product.

Background

With the progress of manufacturing technology, particularly injection molding and rapid development of optical product manufacturing technology, the design and functional requirements of industrial products are becoming more and more complex. Modern products tend to have finer profiles, many injection molded products have smooth, regular surfaces, and small height variations, and conventional measuring devices have limited applicability in these respects.

At present, when a machine tool is used for processing products, the product yield is improved, the coordinate origin of the products is measured by using equipment such as a probe or an edge finder before processing, and the position accuracy of each product is ensured, but traditional measuring equipment (such as the probe and the edge finder) is designed according to the principle of contact measurement, and the measuring mode can meet the basic requirements of the market at the beginning of the technical appearance. However, with the diversification of application scenes, especially in high-precision and high-requirement industrial applications, and for injection molding products without height differences and optical products, these devices generally require that the measured object have a certain height difference so that the probe can accurately position to the origin of coordinates of the product, if the product is completely flat (such as injection molding products without height differences), the probe cannot effectively contact or sense the surface thereof, thus leading to measurement failure, and for some refraction-positioned optical products, the surface of the product may be transparent or reflective, which may cause the probe to fail to establish stable contact or generate an accurate feedback signal during measurement, thus affecting the measurement result, having a certain limitation, and easily causing inaccuracy or incapacity of measurement of the measurement result.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for aligning a product coordinate origin, which aims to solve the problems that the existing method for measuring the product coordinate origin by contact measurement has certain limitations and is easy to cause inaccurate or incapable measurement of measuring results.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the method for aligning the product coordinate origin comprises the following steps:

Firstly, establishing a communication protocol between a numerical control system and a CCD (charge coupled device) system of a machine tool to ensure that the numerical control system and the CCD system can normally cooperate to perform measurement and ensure that the numerical control system and the CCD system can normally communicate and jointly work;

step two, installing the refraction auxiliary piece and the product to be measured on a machine tool;

Step three, determining the distance between the center of the main shaft and the center of the CCD camera through a CCD system;

the product is vertically irradiated by using a light source, and light rays are refracted to a 45-degree refraction surface of the refraction auxiliary piece through the product and the refraction auxiliary piece by using a refraction principle of light, and then are refracted to a top plane of the refraction auxiliary piece;

capturing a refracted image by a CCD camera, including projection of a product, and analyzing the origin of coordinates of the product by the image data;

And step six, analyzing and determining the origin of coordinates of the product by using a calculation algorithm according to the captured image data.

In a preferred embodiment, in the second step, it is required to ensure that the refraction auxiliary member is aligned with the CCD camera in the vertical direction, and that the photographing end of the CCD camera is perpendicular to the top plane of the refraction auxiliary member, and that the product is attached to the side surface of the refraction auxiliary member.

In a preferred embodiment, including fixture, fixture is used for carrying out the centre gripping location with refraction auxiliary member, and fixture includes the base, and base fixed mounting is on the lathe, and fixed mounting has power component one on the base, and the fixed strip is installed to power component one's output, articulates on the fixed strip has two articulated poles, and two articulated poles keep away from the one end of fixed strip and all articulate there is the slider, and the connecting plate is all installed to the tip of two sliders.

In a preferred embodiment, the base is fixedly provided with a cross bar, and both sliding blocks are slidably arranged on the cross bar.

In a preferred embodiment, the connecting plates are provided with angle adjusting mechanisms, each angle adjusting mechanism comprises a second power component, the second power component is installed on the connecting plates, the output end of the second power component is connected with chucks, each angle adjusting mechanism comprises two groups, the two groups of angle adjusting mechanisms are respectively arranged on the corresponding connecting plates, the two chucks are located between the two connecting plates, and the two chucks are aligned in the horizontal direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the machine tool is further provided with a vertical adjusting mechanism, the vertical adjusting mechanism is used for driving the light source to vertically adjust, the vertical adjusting mechanism comprises a third power component, the third power component is fixedly installed on the machine tool, the output end of the third power component is provided with a connecting seat, and the light source is installed in the connecting seat.

In a preferred embodiment, the machine tool is further provided with a positioning mechanism, the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the product on the side face of the refraction auxiliary piece, the positioning mechanism comprises a power component IV, the power component IV is installed on the machine tool, the output end of the power component IV is provided with a positioning plate, the positioning plate is provided with a positioning hole, and the positioning plate is used for positioning the product in a butt joint mode through the positioning hole.

In a preferred embodiment, a circular groove is formed in one side of the positioning plate, the circular groove is communicated with the positioning hole, and a protection piece is fixedly arranged in the circular groove.

In a preferred embodiment, a connection mechanism is arranged between the connection seat and the positioning plate, the connection mechanism comprises a fixing plate and a fixing rod, the fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the connection seat, the fixing rod is fixedly arranged on the positioning plate, the fixing rod is slidably arranged in the fixing plate, the positioning mechanism further comprises a fixing seat, the fixing seat is arranged at the output end of the fourth power component, and the positioning plate is slidably arranged in the fixing seat.

In a preferred embodiment, the machine tool is provided with a first linear driving assembly, a second linear driving assembly and a third linear driving assembly, the second linear driving assembly is arranged at the output end of the first linear driving assembly, the third linear driving assembly is arranged at the output end of the second linear driving assembly, the main shaft is arranged at the output end of the third linear driving assembly, and the first linear driving assembly, the second linear driving assembly and the third linear driving assembly form a triaxial moving mechanism.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, a communication protocol is established between the numerical control system and the CCD system of the machine tool, the coordinate origin of a product is measured in a projection mode by utilizing the refraction principle of light, and data is fed back to the machine tool for positioning and processing, so that the position degree of a processing structure and a positioning reference is ensured.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the product of the present invention and the refraction aid.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the clamping mechanism and the angle adjusting mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the vertical adjustment mechanism, the positioning mechanism and the connecting mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the locating plate of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the refractive path of light rays according to the present invention.

The numerical control device comprises a machine tool, 11, a main shaft, 12, a first linear driving component, 13, a second linear driving component, 14, a third linear driving component, 2, a CCD system, 21, a CCD camera, 22, a light source, 3, a refraction auxiliary component, 4, a product, 5, a clamping mechanism, 51, a base, 52, a first power component, 53, a fixing strip, 54, a hinging rod, 55, a sliding block, 56, a cross rod, 57, a connecting plate, 6, an angle adjusting mechanism, 61, a second power component, 62, a chuck, 7, a vertical adjusting mechanism, 71, a third power component, 72, a connecting seat, 8, a positioning mechanism, 81, a fourth power component, 82, a positioning plate, 83, a positioning hole, 831, a round groove, 832, a protecting component, 84, a fixing seat, 9, a connecting mechanism, 91, a fixing plate, 92 and a fixing rod.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein it is to be understood that the following detailed description is for the purpose of further illustrating the application only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the application, as various insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the application to those skilled in the art can be made in light of the foregoing disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1 to 7 of the accompanying drawings, a method for aligning the origin of coordinates of a product comprises the following steps:

Firstly, establishing a communication protocol between a numerical control system of a machine tool 1 and a CCD system 2 to ensure that the numerical control system and the CCD system can normally cooperate to perform measurement and ensure that the numerical control system and the CCD system can normally communicate and jointly work;

step two, installing the refraction auxiliary piece 3 and the product 4 to be measured on the machine tool 1;

Step three, determining the distance between the center of the main shaft 11 and the center of the CCD camera 21 through the CCD system 2, and preparing for finding the origin of coordinates of the product 4;

The product 4 is vertically irradiated by using the light source 22, and light rays are refracted to a 45-degree refraction surface of the refraction auxiliary piece 3 through the product 4 and the refraction auxiliary piece 3 by utilizing the refraction principle of light, and then are refracted to the top plane of the refraction auxiliary piece 3;

Step five, capturing a refracted image by the CCD camera 21, including projection of the product 4, and analyzing the origin of coordinates of the product 4 by the image data;

and step six, analyzing and determining the origin of coordinates of the product 4 by using a calculation algorithm according to the captured image data.

The product 4 and the refraction aid 3 are transparent, and refraction is a phenomenon in which the propagation direction of light changes when light propagates from one medium to another. This phenomenon follows the snell law, which is formulated as:

n1sin(θ1)=n2sin(θ2)

Wherein:

n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the two media, respectively

Θ1 is the angle of incidence (the angle at which a ray is incident from a first medium to a second medium)

Θ2 is the angle of refraction (the angle of propagation of a ray of light in a second medium)

Vertical illumination, namely, the light source 22 irradiates the product 4 in a vertical direction, and the product 4 is an optical lens, so that different refraction can be made on incident light;

refraction of incident light when light enters the product 4, the direction of the light changes due to the difference of refractive indexes, and different refraction paths are generated inside the transparent material according to the shape of the product 4;

Internal refraction and light propagation-inside the product 4, the light will continue to propagate and may diverge or focus due to the geometry of the product 4, for example, if the product 4 is a convex lens, the light will diverge outwards, if it is a concave lens, the light will focus;

projection onto a refractive surface, the ray continuing along its refractive path, eventually contacting a refractive surface arranged at an angle of 45 degrees, where the ray is refracted again, the final propagation direction of the ray having been changed due to the previous refraction and the influence of the shape of the product 4;

The light is refracted to the processing surface, the light is refracted after reaching the 45-degree refraction surface according to the Snell's law, a new propagation direction is generated and is projected to the top plane of the refraction auxiliary piece 3, and at the moment, the light subjected to twice refraction can be a virtual shadow distributed in a larger area or form a clear light spot;

feature extraction and coordinate calculation the CCD camera 21 can capture an image of the projected light (e.g. a ghost or spot) and by analysing the position of these spots, the coordinates of the product 4 can be calculated, in combination with the geometry and refractive properties of the product 4.

In the second step, it is required to ensure that the refraction auxiliary member 3 is aligned with the CCD camera 21 in the vertical direction, and ensure that the photographing end of the CCD camera 21 is perpendicular to the top plane of the refraction auxiliary member 3, and the product 4 is attached to the side surface of the refraction auxiliary member 3.

It should be noted that, by ensuring that the refraction auxiliary member 3 is aligned with the CCD camera 21 in the vertical direction and ensuring that the photographing end of the CCD camera 21 is perpendicular to the top plane of the refraction auxiliary member 3, the measurement error light is reduced, and the problem that the coordinate positioning accuracy is affected due to the fact that the light path obtained during measurement is inconsistent with the actual path is avoided.

Further, referring to fig. 4 of the present disclosure, the clamping mechanism 5 is used for clamping and positioning the refraction auxiliary member 3, where the clamping mechanism 5 includes a base 51, the base 51 is fixedly installed on the machine tool 1, a first power component 52 is fixedly installed on the base 51, a fixing bar 53 is installed at an output end of the first power component 52, two hinge rods 54 are hinged on the fixing bar 53, one ends, far away from the fixing bar 53, of the two hinge rods 54 are hinged with sliding blocks 55, connecting plates 57 are installed at ends of the two sliding blocks 55, a cross bar 56 is fixedly provided on the base 51, and the two sliding blocks 55 are slidably arranged on the cross bar 56.

It should be noted that, the first power component 52 is a motor, and when the fixing bar 53 is driven to rotate by the motor, the fixing bar 53 rotates, the two hinge rods 54 drive the two sliding blocks 55 to move close to each other to clamp and fix the refraction auxiliary member 3.

Further, referring to fig. 4 of the specification, the connection plate 57 is provided with an angle adjusting mechanism 6, the angle adjusting mechanism 6 includes a second power member 61, the second power member 61 is mounted on the connection plate 57, an output end of the second power member 61 is connected with a chuck 62, the angle adjusting mechanism 6 includes two groups, the two groups of angle adjusting mechanisms 6 are respectively disposed on the corresponding connection plates 57, the two chucks 62 are located between the two connection plates 57, and the two chucks 62 are aligned in a horizontal direction.

It should be noted that, when the clamping mechanism 5 drives the refraction auxiliary member 3, the second power member 61 is a motor, and the two chucks 62 can clamp and fix the refraction auxiliary member 3, if the top plane of the refraction auxiliary member 3 and the photographing end of the CCD camera 21 are not in a vertical state at this time, the two chucks 62 can drive the refraction auxiliary member 3 to rotate by an adjustment angle by driving the two motors at the same time, so that the top plane of the refraction auxiliary member 3 and the photographing end of the CCD camera 21 can be adjusted to a vertical state.

Further, referring to fig. 5 of the specification, a vertical adjustment mechanism 7 is further provided on the machine tool 1, the vertical adjustment mechanism 7 is used for driving the light source 22 to vertically adjust, the vertical adjustment mechanism 7 includes a third power component 71, the third power component 71 is fixedly installed on the machine tool 1, a connecting seat 72 is installed at an output end of the third power component 71, and the light source 22 is installed in the connecting seat 72.

It should be noted that, the third power component 71 is a cylinder, the light source 22 is an illumination lamp, and the light source 22 can be driven to move vertically by the cylinder to adjust the height of the light source 22, so that the light source 22 can illuminate vertically to the product 4.

Further, referring to fig. 5 of the specification, a positioning mechanism 8 is further provided on the machine tool 1, the positioning mechanism 8 is used for fixing the product 4 on the side surface of the refraction auxiliary member 3, the positioning mechanism 8 includes a fourth power component 81, the fourth power component 81 is installed on the machine tool 1, a positioning plate 82 is installed at an output end of the fourth power component 81, a positioning hole 83 is provided on the positioning plate 82, and the positioning plate 82 is used for positioning the product 4 in a butt manner through the positioning hole 83.

It should be noted that, the fourth power component 81 is a cylinder, when the product 4 is installed and positioned, the product 4 may be attached to the side surface of the refraction auxiliary component 3 first, and then the positioning plate 82 is driven by the cylinder to move in a direction approaching to the product 4, so that the positioning plate 82 abuts against the product 4 through the positioning hole 83 to fix.

Further, referring to fig. 6 of the specification, a circular groove 831 is formed on one side of the positioning plate 82, the circular groove 831 is communicated with the positioning hole 83, and a protection member 832 is fixedly disposed in the circular groove 831.

It should be noted that, the protection piece 832 is a rubber pad, because the positioning plate 82 fixes the product 4 through the positioning hole 83, in order to avoid damaging the product 4 when positioning the product 4, a round groove 831 communicated with the positioning hole 83 is formed in the positioning plate 82, and the rubber pad is arranged in the round groove 831, so that the protection effect can be achieved on the product 4 when positioning the product 4, and damage to the product 4 is avoided when positioning.

Further, referring to fig. 4 of the specification, a connection mechanism 9 is disposed between the connection seat 72 and the positioning plate 82, the connection mechanism 9 includes a fixing plate 91 and a fixing rod 92, the fixing plate 91 is fixedly disposed on the connection seat 72, the fixing rod 92 is fixedly disposed on the positioning plate 82, the fixing rod 92 is slidably disposed in the fixing plate 91, and the positioning mechanism 8 further includes a fixing seat 84, the fixing seat 84 is mounted at an output end of the fourth power component 81, and the positioning plate 82 is slidably disposed in the fixing seat 84.

It should be noted that, the emitting end of the light source 22 is aligned with the center position of the positioning hole 83 in the horizontal direction, and when the product 4 is installed by setting the connecting mechanism 9 composed of the fixing plate 91 and the fixing rod 92, the light source 22 can be driven by the third power component 71 to perform photometric adjustment, and the height of the positioning plate 82 can be adjusted, so that when the product 4 is positioned and adjusted by the positioning mechanism 8, the height of the light source 22 can be adjusted by the vertical adjusting mechanism 7, and after adjustment, the emitting end of the light source 22 and the product 4 are in a vertical state.

Further, referring to fig. 2 of the specification, the machine tool 1 is provided with a first linear driving assembly 12, a second linear driving assembly 13 and a third linear driving assembly 14, the second linear driving assembly 13 is installed at the output end of the first linear driving assembly 12, the third linear driving assembly 14 is installed at the output end of the second linear driving assembly 13, the spindle 11 is installed at the output end of the third linear driving assembly 14, and the first linear driving assembly 12, the second linear driving assembly 13 and the third linear driving assembly 14 form a triaxial moving mechanism.

It should be noted that, the first linear driving assembly 12, the second linear driving assembly 13, and the third linear driving assembly 14 may all employ a screw-nut device, and the positions of the main shaft 11 and the CCD camera 21 may be adjusted conveniently by the three-axis moving mechanism formed by the screw-nut device.

The foregoing examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention and are described in detail herein without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for aligning the origin of a product coordinate, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Step 1: First, establish a communication protocol between the numerical control system of the machine tool (1) and the CCD system (2) to ensure that the two can normally collaborate to perform measurements and ensure that the two can normally communicate and work together;

Step 2: Install the refraction auxiliary component (3) and the product to be measured (4) on the machine tool (1);

Step 3: Determine the distance between the center of the spindle (11) and the center of the CCD camera (21) through the CCD system (2);

Step 4: Use the light source (22) to vertically illuminate the product (4), and utilize the principle of light refraction to refract the light through the product (4) and the refraction auxiliary component (3) to the 45-degree refraction surface of the refraction auxiliary component (3), and then refract to the top plane of the refraction auxiliary component (3);

Step 5: The CCD camera (21) captures the refracted image, including the projection of the product (4), and uses the image data to analyze the coordinate origin of the product (4);

Step 6: Based on the captured image data, use a computing algorithm to analyze and determine the coordinate origin of the product (4).

2. A method for aligning the coordinate origin of a product according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 2, it is necessary to ensure that the refractive auxiliary component (3) and the CCD camera (21) are aligned in the vertical direction, and ensure that the shooting end of the CCD camera (21) is perpendicular to the top plane of the refractive auxiliary component (3), and the product (4) is attached to the side of the refractive auxiliary component (3).

3. An alignment device used in the method for aligning the product coordinate origin as described in claim 2, characterized in that: the alignment device comprises a clamping mechanism (5), the clamping mechanism (5) is used to clamp and position the refractive auxiliary component (3), the clamping mechanism (5) comprises a base (51), the base (51) is fixedly installed on the machine tool (1), a power component 1 (52) is fixedly installed on the base (51), a fixing bar (53) is installed at the output end of the power component 1 (52), two hinged rods (54) are hinged on the fixing bar (53), and the ends of the two hinged rods (54) away from the fixing bar (53) are hinged with sliders (55), and the ends of the two sliders (55) are installed with connecting plates (57).

4. The alignment device used in the method for aligning the product coordinate origin according to claim 3, characterized in that a cross bar (56) is fixedly arranged on the base (51), and the two sliders (55) are slidably arranged on the cross bar (56).

5. The alignment device used in the method for aligning the product coordinate origin according to claim 4 is characterized in that: an angle adjustment mechanism (61) is arranged on the connecting plate (57), and the angle adjustment mechanism (61) includes a second power component (61), and the second power component (61) is installed on the connecting plate (57), and the output end of the second power component (61) is connected to a chuck (62), and the angle adjustment mechanism (61) includes two groups, and the two groups of angle adjustment mechanisms (61) are respectively arranged on the corresponding connecting plates (57), and the two chucks (62) are located between the two connecting plates (57), and the two chucks (62) are aligned in the horizontal direction.

6. The alignment device used in the method for aligning the product coordinate origin according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the machine tool (1) is also provided with a vertical adjustment mechanism (7), the vertical adjustment mechanism (7) is used to drive the light source (22) to adjust vertically, the vertical adjustment mechanism (7) includes a power component three (71), the power component three (71) is fixedly installed on the machine tool (1), the output end of the power component three (71) is installed with a connecting seat (72), and the light source (22) is installed in the connecting seat (72).

7. The alignment device used in the method for aligning the product coordinate origin according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the machine tool (1) is also provided with a positioning mechanism (8), the positioning mechanism (8) is used to fix the product (4) on the side of the refraction auxiliary component (3), the positioning mechanism (8) includes a power component four (81), the power component four (81) is installed on the machine tool (1), and a positioning plate (82) is installed at the output end of the power component four (81), the positioning plate (82) is provided with a positioning hole (83), and the positioning plate (82) abuts and positions the product (4) through the positioning hole (83).

8. The alignment device used in the method for aligning the product coordinate origin according to claim 7 is characterized in that a circular groove (831) is opened on one side of the positioning plate (82), the circular groove (831) is connected to the positioning hole (83), and a protective member (832) is fixedly arranged in the circular groove (831).

9. The alignment device used in the method for aligning the product coordinate origin according to claim 8 is characterized in that: a connecting mechanism (9) is arranged between the connecting seat (72) and the positioning plate (82), the connecting mechanism (9) includes a fixed plate (91) and a fixed rod (92), the fixed plate (91) is fixedly arranged on the connecting seat (72), the fixed rod (92) is fixedly arranged on the positioning plate (82), the fixed rod (92) is slidably arranged in the fixed plate (91), and the positioning mechanism (8) further includes a fixed seat (84), the fixed seat (84) is installed at the output end of the power component four (81), and the positioning plate (82) is slidably arranged in the fixed seat (84).

10. The alignment device used in the method for aligning the product coordinate origin according to claim 9 is characterized in that: the machine tool (1) is provided with a linear drive component one (12), a linear drive component two (13) and a linear drive component three (14), the linear drive component two (13) is installed at the output end of the linear drive component one (12), the linear drive component three (14) is installed at the output end of the linear drive component two (13), the spindle (11) is installed at the output end of the linear drive component three (14), and the linear drive component one (12), the linear drive component two (13) and the linear drive component three (14) constitute a three-axis moving mechanism.