CN119392023A - Method for preparing H24 aluminum alloy by regenerating aluminum alloy scraps - Google Patents
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 64
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum iron Chemical compound [Al].[Fe] CYUOWZRAOZFACA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, and discloses a method for preparing H24 aluminum alloy by regenerating aluminum alloy scraps. According to the method, the recovered aluminum alloy waste is utilized, the components and the preparation process of the aluminum alloy are optimized, and the H24 aluminum alloy with high mechanical properties and plasticity is obtained. The H24 aluminum alloy prepared by the method comprises 0.379 wt% of Fe, 0.7 wt% of Si, 0.10 wt% of Cu, 1.09 wt% of Mn, 0.008 wt% of Mg, 0.105 wt% of Zn, 0.03 wt% of Ti, and the balance of Al and less than 0.05 wt% of impurities. The tensile strength of the H24 aluminum alloy is more than or equal to 200MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 180MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 10, and the H24 aluminum alloy with high mechanical property and plasticity can meet the requirements of industrial application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy, in particular to a method for preparing H24 aluminum alloy by regenerating aluminum alloy scraps.
Background
The recycled aluminum is taken as a renewable resource, and has remarkable environmental protection advantage and market potential in the field of building decoration. The regenerated aluminum product has wide application prospect in a plurality of fields, and the main application fields comprise new energy automobiles, motorcycles, electronic information, mechanical manufacturing, building hardware and other industries. The popularization and the use of the regenerated aluminum are worth focusing attention, so that the low-carbon transformation of nonferrous metal industry can be promoted, the adverse effect on the environment is reduced, and the sustainable development goal can be assisted. In addition, the regenerated aluminum material has been widely used in the construction field due to its excellent physical and chemical properties, such as light weight, high strength, etc. The regenerated aluminum alloy is mainly used for producing cast aluminum alloy products and die-casting aluminum alloy products, the application fields of the regenerated aluminum alloy are already covering various aspects of automobiles, motorcycles, mechanical equipment, communication equipment, electronic appliances, hardware lamps and the like, and the production cost and environmental protection pressure can be greatly reduced by adopting the recovered aluminum alloy waste to produce the regenerated aluminum alloy.
At present, the strength of the existing H24 aluminum alloy is not high (slightly higher than that of industrial pure aluminum) and cannot be strengthened by heat treatment, so that the cold working method is adopted to improve the mechanical properties of the H24 aluminum alloy, namely, the H24 aluminum alloy has very high plasticity in an annealing state, good plasticity in semi-cold work hardening, low plasticity in cold work hardening and poor machinability, and therefore, the H24 aluminum alloy with both the plasticity and the mechanical properties is needed in industrial application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of how to effectively utilize aluminum alloy scraps to prepare H24 aluminum alloy with high mechanical properties in the prior art, and provides a method for preparing H24 aluminum alloy by regenerating aluminum alloy scraps.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing an H24 aluminum alloy by recycling aluminum alloy scrap, the H24 aluminum alloy comprising, based on the total weight:
0.379 wt% Fe,
0.7% By weight of Si,
0.1 Wt% Cu,
1.09 Wt% Mn,
0.008 Wt.% of Mg,
0.105 Wt% Zn,
0.03 Wt% Ti, the balance Al and less than 0.05 wt% impurities;
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) Casting and rolling, namely casting and rolling the aluminum alloy waste to obtain a cast-rolled coil, wherein the casting and rolling speed is 400-700mm/min, and the temperature of a front box is 680-700 ℃;
(2) And (3) homogenizing annealing, namely cooling the cast-rolled coil obtained in the step (1) and then annealing, wherein the annealing process comprises three stages which are sequentially carried out:
s1, a first annealing section, namely heating the cast-rolled coil to 450-500 ℃;
s2, a second annealing section, namely preserving the heat of the cast-rolled coil for 800-1000min;
s3, a third annealing section, namely cooling the cast-rolled coil to room temperature;
(3) Rough rolling, namely performing four-pass cold rolling on the product obtained in the step (2), wherein the pass processing rates of the four-pass cold rolling are 20-40%, 40-60% and 30-50% respectively;
(4) Performing intermediate rolling, namely performing primary cold rolling on the product obtained in the step (3), wherein the pass processing rate of the primary cold rolling is 40-50%;
(5) Finish rolling, namely carrying out primary cold rolling on the product obtained in the step (4), wherein the pass processing rate of the primary cold rolling is 45-55%;
(6) And (3) annealing a finished product:
s1, raising the temperature in the furnace to 200-250 ℃ through timing and temperature setting;
s2, rapidly heating the material obtained in the step (5) to 270-300 ℃ through furnace gas;
s3, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 800-1000min after the materials reach the process heat preservation temperature of 270-300 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (1), the thickness of the cast-rolled coil is 10-11mm, the coil diameter is 1670-2430mm, the process split is less than or equal to 6mm, the edge difference is less than or equal to 0.03%, and the convexity is less than or equal to 0.04%.
Preferably, in the step (2) in the step (1), the condition of the first annealing section further comprises that the circulating fan frequency is 95% of the maximum frequency, the purging fan frequency is 80% of the maximum frequency, and the degreasing fan frequency is 50% of the maximum frequency;
in the step (2), the conditions of the second annealing section further include that the circulating fan frequency is 95% of the maximum frequency, the purging fan frequency is 30% of the maximum frequency, and the degreasing fan frequency is 15% of the maximum frequency;
In step (2) the conditions of the third annealing stage further include a circulating fan frequency of 80% of the maximum frequency, a purge fan frequency of 30% of the maximum frequency, and an oil removal fan frequency of 15% of the maximum frequency.
Preferably, in the step (3), the rough rolling condition comprises that the light transmittance of the adopted rolling oil is more than or equal to 90 percent and the oil temperature is 40-50 ℃.
Preferably, during the rough rolling, the conditions of the first pass include an uncoiling tension of 6-10N/mm 2 and a coiling tension of 19-25N/mm 2;
The conditions of the second pass comprise unwinding tension of 17-23N/mm 2 and curling tension of 25-31N/mm 2;
The conditions of the third pass comprise uncoiling tension of 22-28N/mm 2 and coiling tension of 29-35N/mm 2;
the conditions for the fourth pass included an unwind tension of 27-33N/mm 2 and a curl tension of 32-38N/mm 2.
Preferably, in the step (4) and the step (5), the conditions of the intermediate rolling and the finish rolling include that the light transmittance of the adopted rolling oil is not less than 92%, and the oil temperature is 40-50 ℃.
Preferably, the condition of the middle rolling further comprises an inlet tension of 20-26N/mm 2 and an outlet tension of 25-31N/mm 2.
Preferably, the finish rolling conditions further include an inlet tension of 23-29N/mm 2 and an outlet tension of 29-35N/mm 2.
Preferably, the method further comprises trimming the product obtained after rough rolling before intermediate rolling.
Preferably, the conditions for trimming comprise an uncoiling tension of 3710-3930N/mm 2 and a shearing speed of 220-320m/min.
Preferably, the preparation method further comprises the step of carrying out tension leveled on the product obtained in the step (5).
Preferably, the tension leveler comprises an uncoiling tension of 23-29N/mm 2, a coiling tension of 27-33N/mm 2, an elongation of 0.3-0.5% and a speed of 290-350m/min.
Preferably, the preparation method further comprises the step of shearing the product obtained after the withdrawal and straightening.
Preferably, the shearing conditions comprise a shearing speed of more than or equal to 300m/min, a winding unit tension of 20-25N/m 2, a tension gradient of 95-105 and a surface pressure value of 93-97N.
The method for preparing the H24 aluminum alloy by recycling the aluminum alloy scraps utilizes the aluminum alloy scraps, carries out component design and optimization on the H24 aluminum alloy, controls the annealing temperature and the annealing time in the preparation process of the H24 aluminum alloy, and carries out multi-pass cold rolling, so that the compressive strength and the yield strength of the H24 aluminum alloy are improved under the condition that the plasticity of the H24 aluminum alloy is not affected, the recycling of the aluminum alloy scraps is realized, the cost is obviously reduced, and meanwhile, the requirements of industrial application on H24 aluminum alloy with high mechanical properties and standard plate shapes can be met.
Detailed Description
The following describes specific embodiments of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the invention, are not intended to limit the invention.
The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and are understood to encompass values approaching those ranges or values. For numerical ranges, one or more new numerical ranges may be found between the endpoints of each range, between the endpoint of each range and the individual point value, and between the individual point value, in combination with each other, and are to be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The invention relates to a method for preparing H24 aluminum alloy by regenerating aluminum alloy scraps, which comprises the following steps of, based on the total weight:
0.379 wt% Fe,
0.7% By weight of Si,
0.1 Wt% Cu,
1.09 Wt% Mn,
0.008 Wt.% of Mg,
0.105 Wt% Zn,
0.03 Wt% Ti, the balance Al and less than 0.05 wt% impurities;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Casting and rolling, namely casting and rolling the aluminum alloy waste to obtain a cast-rolled coil, wherein the casting and rolling speed is 400-700mm/min, and the temperature of a front box is 680-700 ℃;
(2) And (3) homogenizing annealing, namely cooling the cast-rolled coil obtained in the step (1) and then annealing, wherein the annealing process comprises three stages which are sequentially carried out:
s1, a first annealing section, namely heating the cast-rolled coil to 450-500 ℃;
s2, a second annealing section, namely preserving the heat of the cast-rolled coil for 800-1000min;
s3, a third annealing section, namely cooling the cast-rolled coil to room temperature;
(3) Rough rolling, namely performing four-pass cold rolling on the product obtained in the step (2), wherein the pass processing rates of the four-pass cold rolling are 20-40%, 40-60% and 30-50% respectively;
(4) Performing intermediate rolling, namely performing primary cold rolling on the product obtained in the step (3), wherein the pass processing rate of the primary cold rolling is 40-50%;
(5) Finish rolling, namely carrying out primary cold rolling on the product obtained in the step (4), wherein the pass processing rate of the primary cold rolling is 45-55%;
(6) And (3) annealing a finished product:
s1, raising the temperature in the furnace to 200-250 ℃ through timing and temperature setting;
s2, rapidly heating the material obtained in the step (5) to 270-300 ℃ through furnace gas;
s3, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 800-1000min after the materials reach the process heat preservation temperature of 270-300 ℃.
In the invention, the aluminum alloy scraps can be recycled scraps of class A (such as H24 aluminum alloy scraps, H26 aluminum alloy scraps and the like), and the class A scraps generally contain Fe element, si element, cu element, mn element, mg element and Zn element, and are supplemented with certain pure metals of the elements and/or intermediate alloys obtained by combining the elements, such as aluminum ingots, aluminum silicon alloy, aluminum copper alloy, aluminum magnesium alloy and aluminum iron alloy, so long as the content of the elements can be controlled in the range of the invention in the casting and rolling process.
In the present invention, when the H24 aluminum alloy contains the above-mentioned elements in the composition amounts, it is possible to provide casting fluidity and mechanical properties of the alloy required for the casting and rolling process.
In the invention, the H24 aluminum alloy has lower Si content, so that excessive alpha (Al 12Fe3Si2) phase or beta (Al 9Fe2Si3) phase formed by Si element and Fe element is avoided, meanwhile, the dissolution of Mn element is avoided from being damaged by Si element, and further, the plasticity of the H24 aluminum alloy is prevented from being influenced when the mechanical strength of the H24 aluminum alloy is improved.
In some embodiments, the casting rolls may have a roll diameter of the Φ850 series or the Φ1003 series during the casting process, and the casting zone may have a length of 38-42mm.
In some embodiments, in step (1), the casting and rolling process may further include adding an Al-Ti5-B grain refiner in the launder after the holding furnace against the metal fluid flow direction. In the present invention, the amount of the Al-Ti5-B grain refiner may be an amount conventionally used in the art as long as it is capable of realizing that the slab surface of the cast-rolled coil has no coarse grains.
In a more preferred embodiment, in the step (1), the thickness of the cast-rolled coil is 10-11mm, the coil diameter is 1670-2430mm, the process split is less than or equal to 6mm, the edge difference is less than or equal to 0.03%, and the convexity is less than or equal to 0.04%.
In the present invention, in the step (2), the first annealing section may further include heating the cast-rolled coil to 150-250 ℃, preferably 200 ℃, and then keeping the cast-rolled coil at a constant temperature for 100-150min, preferably 120min, wherein the circulating fan frequency is 95% of the maximum frequency, the purging fan frequency is 80% of the maximum frequency, and the degreasing fan frequency is 50% of the maximum frequency;
In step (2), the second annealing section may further include heating the cast coil to 500-550 ℃, preferably 500 ℃, wherein the circulating fan frequency is 95% of the maximum frequency, the purge fan frequency is 30% of the maximum frequency, and the degreasing fan frequency is 15% of the maximum frequency;
In step (2) the third annealing stage may further comprise cooling the cast coil to 450-480 ℃, preferably 460 ℃, then holding the cast coil at a constant temperature for 850-950min, preferably 900min, wherein the circulating fan frequency is 80% of the maximum frequency, the purging fan frequency is 30% of the maximum frequency, and the degreasing fan frequency is 15% of the maximum frequency.
In the method of the present invention, the annealing may be performed in an annealing furnace.
In the invention, by controlling the process conditions of the homogenizing annealing, the H24 aluminum alloy can partially eliminate the anisotropy of the alloy and the internal stress in the alloy through the recovery process and the recrystallization process, and the plasticity of the H24 aluminum alloy is improved while the mechanical strength of the H24 aluminum alloy is maintained, so that the H24 aluminum alloy can bear the subsequent cold rolling deformation.
In the invention, in the step (3), the rough rolling condition comprises that the light transmittance of the adopted rolling oil is more than or equal to 90 percent and the oil temperature is 40-50 ℃.
In the method of the present invention, the convexity of the work roll may be 0.1mm and the roughness may be 0.70 to 0.80um during the rough rolling.
In the method of the invention, during the rough rolling, the conditions of the first pass comprise that the uncoiling tension is 6-10N/mm 2 and the coiling tension is 19-25N/mm 2;
The conditions of the second pass comprise unwinding tension of 17-23N/mm 2 and curling tension of 25-31N/mm 2;
The conditions of the third pass comprise uncoiling tension of 22-28N/mm 2 and coiling tension of 29-35N/mm 2;
the conditions for the fourth pass included an unwind tension of 27-33N/mm 2 and a curl tension of 32-38N/mm 2.
In the invention, the thickness of the H24 aluminum alloy reaches the industrial application requirement through multi-pass cold rolling, and meanwhile, the method controls the pass and the technological parameters of the cold rolling to enable the H24 aluminum alloy to be subjected to work hardening, so that the mechanical strength of the H24 aluminum alloy is improved.
In some embodiments, the preparation method further comprises trimming the product obtained in the step (3), wherein the trimming can be performed on a rewinding machine, the width of the H24 aluminum alloy is reduced by 50-70mm after trimming, and the section is free of cracks and burrs after trimming.
In a more preferred embodiment, the trimming conditions include an uncoiling tension of 3710-3930N/mm 2 and a shear rate of 220-320m/min.
In the method of the invention, in the step (4) and the step (5), the conditions of the intermediate rolling and the finish rolling comprise that the light transmittance of the adopted rolling oil is more than or equal to 92 percent and the oil temperature is 40-50 ℃.
In a more preferred embodiment, in step (4) and step (5), the upper mill temperatures of the intermediate rolling and the finish rolling may be 80 to 120 ℃.
In the invention, the condition of the middle rolling also comprises that the inlet tension is 20-26N/mm 2, and the outlet tension is 25-31N/mm 2;
In the present invention, the conditions for finish rolling further include an inlet tension of 23 to 29N/mm 2 and an outlet tension of 29 to 35N/mm 2.
In the invention, the thickness of the H24 aluminum alloy meets different requirements of industrial application through multi-pass cold rolling, and meanwhile, the method controls the cold rolling pass and technological parameters to enable the H24 aluminum alloy to be subjected to work hardening, so that the mechanical strength of the H24 aluminum alloy is improved.
In the method, the finished product annealing further comprises adopting a small sample to simulate the temperature setting, taking A1, A2, A3 and 3 samples with the size of A4 paper while carrying out the middle-size and the middle-size on the corresponding thickness of the finish rolling finished product material, and respectively manufacturing 3 simulation experiments which accord with the mechanical experiment standard patterns for the 3 patterns and carrying out different temperatures. The final material annealing temperature is determined by the mechanical properties of the small sample, and the small sample temperature with high mechanical properties is taken as the final annealing temperature, and the temperature range is 270-300 ℃.
According to the invention, the mechanical properties of the H24 aluminum alloy can be further improved through the annealing of the finished product.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises straightening the product obtained in the step (5), wherein the straightening can be performed on a straightening machine, and the roller diameter of the bending straightening roller can be phi 25 or phi 30.
In a more preferred embodiment, after the drawing and straightening, the surface of the H24 aluminum alloy is free from cracking, holes, wrinkles, knocks, particle marks, straightening marks, metal and nonmetal pressing in, the H24 aluminum alloy plate is free from middle waves, soaking waves and side waves, the number of waves in each meter is less than or equal to 2, and the wave peak height is less than or equal to 2 mm.
In a more preferred embodiment, the tension leveler comprises an uncoiling tension of 23-29N/mm 2, a coiling tension of 27-33N/mm 2, an elongation of 0.3-0.5% and a speed of 290-350m/min.
In some embodiments, the method of making further comprises shearing the product obtained after withdrawal and straightening, wherein the shearing may be performed on a shearing machine.
In a more preferred embodiment, the shearing conditions comprise a shearing speed of not less than 300m/min, a winding unit tension of 20-25N/m 2, a tension gradient of 95-105% and a face pressure value of 93-97N.
The method for preparing H24 aluminum alloy by recycling aluminum alloy scraps according to the present invention is further described below by way of examples. The embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed implementation modes and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited to the following embodiment.
The experimental methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional in the art. The experimental materials used in the examples described below are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The H24 aluminum alloy is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:
0.379 wt% of Fe, 0.7 wt% of Si, 0.10 wt% of Cu, 1.09 wt% of Mn, 0.008 wt% of Mg, 0.105 wt% of Zn, 0.03 wt% or less of Ti, 0.05 wt% or less of impurities, and the balance of Al.
(1) Casting the H24-series aluminum alloy scraps, H26-series aluminum alloy scraps, aluminum ingots, aluminum silicon alloy, aluminum copper alloy, aluminum magnesium alloy and aluminum iron alloy, wherein the roll diameter of a casting roll adopted in casting is phi 850 series, the length of a casting area is 40mm, the casting speed is 600mm/min, the temperature of a front box is 690 ℃, and an Al-Ti5-B grain refiner is added into a launder after a standing furnace in the casting process in the reverse metal fluid flow direction;
(2) Carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast-rolled coil obtained in the step (1), wherein the temperature and time requirements of each annealing section are shown in table 1;
TABLE 1
Wherein, f 1、f2 and f 3 are the maximum working frequencies of the circulating fan, the purging fan and the oil removing fan respectively;
(3) Rough rolling, namely performing four-pass cold rolling on the annealed cast-rolled coil obtained in the step (2), wherein the technological parameters and the pass processing rate of each pass of cold rolling are shown in a table 2;
TABLE 2
(4) Rewinding and trimming, namely trimming the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (3) on a rewinding machine, wherein the trimming conditions comprise that the uncoiling tension is 3800N/mm 2, the shearing speed is 270m/min, and the width of the H24 aluminum alloy is reduced by 60mm after trimming;
(5) Performing intermediate rolling, namely performing primary cold rolling on the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (4), wherein the technological parameters and the pass processing rate of each primary cold rolling are shown in a table 3;
TABLE 3 Table 3
(6) Performing finish rolling, namely performing one-pass cold rolling on the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (5), wherein the technological parameters and the pass processing rate of each pass of cold rolling are shown in a table 4;
TABLE 4 Table 4
(7) And (3) annealing a finished product:
s1, raising the temperature in the furnace to 230 ℃ through timing and constant temperature;
S2, rapidly heating the material obtained in the step (6) to 290 ℃ through furnace gas;
s3, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 900 minutes when the material reaches the process heat preservation temperature of 290 ℃;
(8) Carrying out tension leveler on the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (7), wherein the roller diameter of a bending and leveling roller is phi 25, the uncoiling tension is 26N/mm 2, the coiling tension is 30N/mm 2, the elongation is 0.4%, and the speed is 320m/min;
(9) Shearing, namely shearing the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (8) on a shearing machine, wherein the shearing speed is 300m/min, the rolling unit tension is 23N/m 2, the tension gradient is 100%, and the surface pressure value is 95N.
Example 2
The H24 aluminum alloy is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:
0.379 wt% of Fe, 0.7 wt% of Si, 0.10 wt% of Cu, 1.09 wt% of Mn, 0.008 wt% of Mg, 0.105 wt% of Zn, 0.03 wt% or less of Ti, 0.05 wt% or less of impurities, and the balance of Al.
(1) Casting and rolling the H24-series aluminum alloy scraps, H26-series aluminum alloy scraps, aluminum ingots, aluminum silicon alloy, aluminum copper alloy, aluminum magnesium alloy and aluminum iron alloy, wherein the roll diameter of a casting roll adopted in casting and rolling is phi 850 series, the length of a casting and rolling area is 40mm, the casting and rolling speed is 500mm/min, the temperature of a front box is 680 ℃, and an Al-Ti5-B grain refiner is added into a launder after a standing furnace in the reverse metal fluid flow direction in the casting and rolling process;
(2) Carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast-rolled coil obtained in the step (1), wherein the temperature and time requirements of each annealing section are shown in a table 5;
TABLE 5
Wherein, f 1、f2 and f 3 are the maximum working frequencies of the circulating fan, the purging fan and the oil removing fan respectively;
(3) Rough rolling, namely performing four-pass cold rolling on the annealed cast-rolled coil obtained in the step (2), wherein the technological parameters and the pass processing rate of each pass of cold rolling are shown in a table 6;
TABLE 6
(4) Rewinding and trimming, namely trimming the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (3) on a rewinding machine, wherein the trimming conditions comprise that the uncoiling tension is 3800N/mm 2, the shearing speed is 270m/min, and the width of the H24 aluminum alloy is reduced by 60mm after trimming;
(5) Performing intermediate rolling, namely performing secondary cold rolling on the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (4), wherein the technological parameters and the pass processing rate of each cold rolling pass are shown in a table 7;
TABLE 7
(6) Performing finish rolling, namely performing one-pass cold rolling on the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (5), wherein the technological parameters and the pass processing rate of each pass of cold rolling are shown in a table 8;
TABLE 8
(7) And (3) annealing a finished product:
s1, raising the temperature in the furnace to 230 ℃ through timing and constant temperature;
S2, rapidly heating the material obtained in the step (6) to 290 ℃ through furnace gas;
s3, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 900 minutes when the material reaches the process heat preservation temperature of 290 ℃;
(8) Carrying out tension leveler on the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (7), wherein the roller diameter of a bending and leveling roller is phi 25, the uncoiling tension is 26N/mm 2, the coiling tension is 30N/mm 2, the elongation is 0.4%, and the speed is 320m/min;
(9) Shearing, namely shearing the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (8) on a shearing machine, wherein the shearing speed is 300m/min, the rolling unit tension is 23N/m 2, the tension gradient is 100%, and the surface pressure value is 95N.
Example 3
The H24 aluminum alloy is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:
0.379 wt% of Fe, 0.7 wt% of Si, 0.10 wt% of Cu, 1.09 wt% of Mn, 0.008 wt% of Mg, 0.105 wt% of Zn, 0.03 wt% or less of Ti, 0.05 wt% or less of impurities, and the balance of Al.
(1) Casting the H24-series aluminum alloy scraps, H26-series aluminum alloy scraps, aluminum ingots, aluminum silicon alloy, aluminum copper alloy, aluminum magnesium alloy and aluminum iron alloy, wherein the roll diameter of a casting roll adopted in casting is phi 850 series, the length of a casting area is 40mm, the casting speed is 600mm/min, the temperature of a front box is 690 ℃, and an Al-Ti5-B grain refiner is added into a launder after a standing furnace in the casting process in the reverse metal fluid flow direction;
(2) Carrying out homogenizing annealing on the cast-rolled coil obtained in the step (1), wherein the temperature and time requirements of each annealing section are shown in a table 9;
TABLE 9
Wherein, f 1、f2 and f 3 are the maximum working frequencies of the circulating fan, the purging fan and the oil removing fan respectively;
(3) Rough rolling, namely performing four-pass cold rolling on the annealed cast-rolled coil obtained in the step (2), wherein the technological parameters and the pass processing rate of each pass of cold rolling are shown in a table 10;
Table 10
(4) Rewinding and trimming, namely trimming the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (3) on a rewinding machine, wherein the trimming conditions comprise that the uncoiling tension is 3800N/mm 2, the shearing speed is 270m/min, and the width of the H24 aluminum alloy is reduced by 60mm after trimming;
(5) Performing intermediate rolling, namely performing secondary cold rolling on the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (4), wherein the technological parameters and the pass processing rate of each cold rolling pass are shown in a table 11;
TABLE 11
6) Performing finish rolling, namely performing one-pass cold rolling on the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (5), wherein the technological parameters and the pass processing rate of each pass of cold rolling are shown in Table 12;
Table 12
7) And (3) annealing a finished product:
s1, raising the temperature in the furnace to 230 ℃ through timing and constant temperature;
S2, rapidly heating the material obtained in the step (6) to 290 ℃ through furnace gas;
s3, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 900 minutes when the material reaches the process heat preservation temperature of 290 ℃;
(8) Carrying out tension leveler on the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (7), wherein the roller diameter of a bending and leveling roller is phi 25, the uncoiling tension is 26N/mm 2, the coiling tension is 30N/mm 2, the elongation is 0.4%, and the speed is 320m/min;
(9) Shearing, namely shearing the H24 aluminum alloy obtained in the step (8) on a shearing machine, wherein the shearing speed is 300m/min, the rolling unit tension is 23N/m 2, the tension gradient is 100%, and the surface pressure value is 95N.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example was conducted in accordance with the method of example 1 except that in step (1), the casting speed was 800mm/min and the front box temperature was 650 ℃.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example was conducted in the same manner as in example 1 except that in step (2), the temperature and time requirements of each annealing stage are shown in Table 13;
TABLE 13
Wherein f 1、f2 and f 3 are the maximum operating frequencies of the circulation fan, the purge fan and the oil removal fan, respectively.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example was conducted in the same manner as in example 1 except that in step (3), the process parameters and the pass reduction ratio of each pass cold rolling were as shown in Table 14.
TABLE 14
Test case
Mechanical property tests were carried out on H24 aluminum alloys prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 by using GB/T228.1-2010. 3 tensile pieces were measured for each H24 aluminum alloy and an average value was taken as a tensile test result. The results are shown in Table 15.
TABLE 15
As can be seen from the results of Table 7, the H24 aluminum alloy prepared in examples 1-3 has high mechanical properties and plasticity, the tensile strength is not less than 200MPa, the yield strength is not less than 180MPa, the elongation is not less than 10, the H24 aluminum alloy prepared in comparative examples 1 and 2 has mechanical properties and plasticity which are not as same as those of the H24 aluminum alloy prepared in the invention due to overhigh casting speed and overlow annealing temperature respectively, and the H24 aluminum alloy prepared in comparative example 3 has lower work hardening times, but has lower mechanical properties than that of the H24 aluminum alloy prepared in the invention, so that the H24 aluminum alloy cannot meet the industrial application requirements.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, a number of simple variants of the technical solution of the invention are possible, including combinations of the individual technical features in any other suitable way, which simple variants and combinations should likewise be regarded as being disclosed by the invention, all falling within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing an H24 aluminum alloy by recycling aluminum alloy scraps, wherein the H24 aluminum alloy comprises, based on the total weight:
0.379 wt% Fe,
0.7% By weight of Si,
0.1 Wt% Cu,
1.09 Wt% Mn,
0.008 Wt.% of Mg,
0.105 Wt% Zn,
0.03 Wt% Ti, the balance Al and less than 0.05 wt% impurities;
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) Casting and rolling, namely casting and rolling the aluminum alloy waste to obtain a cast-rolled coil, wherein the casting and rolling speed is 400-700mm/min, and the temperature of a front box is 680-700 ℃;
(2) And (3) homogenizing annealing, namely cooling the cast-rolled coil obtained in the step (1) and then annealing, wherein the annealing process comprises three stages which are sequentially carried out:
s1, a first annealing section, namely heating the cast-rolled coil to 450-500 ℃;
s2, a second annealing section, namely preserving the heat of the cast-rolled coil for 800-1000min;
s3, a third annealing section, namely cooling the cast-rolled coil to room temperature;
(3) Rough rolling, namely performing four-pass cold rolling on the product obtained in the step (2), wherein the pass processing rates of the four-pass cold rolling are 20-40%, 40-60% and 30-50% respectively;
(4) Performing intermediate rolling, namely performing primary cold rolling on the product obtained in the step (3), wherein the pass processing rate of the primary cold rolling is 40-50%;
(5) Finish rolling, namely carrying out cold rolling on the product obtained in the step (4) for one time to obtain an H24 aluminum alloy finished product, wherein the pass processing rate of the cold rolling for one time is 45-55%;
(6) And (3) annealing a finished product:
s1, raising the temperature in the furnace to 200-250 ℃ through timing and temperature setting;
s2, rapidly heating the material obtained in the step (5) to 270-300 ℃ through furnace gas;
s3, carrying out heat preservation treatment for 800-1000min after the materials reach the process heat preservation temperature of 270-300 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the cast-rolled coil has a thickness of 10-11mm, a coil diameter of 1670-2430mm, a process split of 6mm or less, a margin of 0.03% or less, and a convexity of 0.04% or less.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2) said step S1, said first annealing stage conditions further comprise a circulating fan frequency of 95% of maximum frequency, a purge fan frequency of 80% of maximum frequency, and a degreasing fan frequency of 50% of maximum frequency;
in the step (2), the conditions of the second annealing section further include that the circulating fan frequency is 95% of the maximum frequency, the purging fan frequency is 30% of the maximum frequency, and the degreasing fan frequency is 15% of the maximum frequency;
In step (2) the conditions of the third annealing stage further include a circulating fan frequency of 80% of the maximum frequency, a purge fan frequency of 30% of the maximum frequency, and an oil removal fan frequency of 15% of the maximum frequency.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the rough rolling conditions include a light transmittance of 90% or more of the rolling oil used and an oil temperature of 40 to 50 ℃.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein during the rough rolling, the conditions of the first pass include an uncoiling tension of 6-10N/mm 2 and a coiling tension of 19-25N/mm 2;
The conditions of the second pass comprise unwinding tension of 17-23N/mm 2 and curling tension of 25-31N/mm 2;
The conditions of the third pass comprise uncoiling tension of 22-28N/mm 2 and coiling tension of 29-35N/mm 2;
the conditions for the fourth pass included an unwind tension of 27-33N/mm 2 and a curl tension of 32-38N/mm 2.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4) and the step (5), the conditions of the intermediate rolling and the finish rolling include that the light transmittance of the rolling oil used is not less than 92% and the oil temperature is 40 to 50 ℃.
7. The method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein during the intermediate rolling, the conditions for one cold rolling include an inlet tension of 20-26N/mm 2 and an outlet tension of 25-31N/mm 2, and/or,
In the finish rolling process, the condition of one-time cold rolling comprises that the inlet tension is 23-29N/mm 2 and the outlet tension is 29-35N/mm 2.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or 6, further comprising trimming the product obtained after rough rolling before the intermediate rolling, and/or,
The trimming conditions comprise an uncoiling tension of 3710-3930N/mm 2 and a shearing speed of 220-320m/min.
9. The method of claim 1, further comprising subjecting the product of step (5) to tension leveler, and/or,
The tension-straightening conditions comprise an uncoiling tension of 23-29N/mm 2, a coiling tension of 27-33N/mm 2, an elongation of 0.3-0.5% and a speed of 290-350m/min.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising shearing the product after withdrawal and/or,
The shearing conditions comprise a shearing speed of more than or equal to 300m/min, a winding unit tension of 20-25N/m 2, a tension gradient of 95-105% and a surface pressure value of 93-97N.
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