CN119387800A - Additive component, stir friction deposition additive manufacturing device and method - Google Patents
Additive component, stir friction deposition additive manufacturing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN119387800A CN119387800A CN202411285181.7A CN202411285181A CN119387800A CN 119387800 A CN119387800 A CN 119387800A CN 202411285181 A CN202411285181 A CN 202411285181A CN 119387800 A CN119387800 A CN 119387800A
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- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种增材部件、搅拌摩擦沉积增材制造装置和方法，增材部件具有轴向方向和送料通道，送料通道沿轴向方向贯穿增材部件，增材部件位于轴向方向的一端形成有面向基板的轴肩侧，增材部件内设有储料腔，储料腔围绕送料通道的周向设置，并连通送料通道，且紧邻轴肩侧。本发明通过在增材部件内设置储料腔，利用旋转棒材与储料腔内壁摩擦产生高值瞬时剪切应变，产生更多的摩擦和形变热量，从而使得材料可在沉积前提前在储料腔内热塑化，降低材料的流动应力，提高材料的流动性，有利于硬质高强材料应用于搅拌摩擦沉积增材制造，扩展材料的适用范围，还有利于强化沉积层界面冶金结合，优化构件成形。
The present invention discloses an additive component, a stir friction deposition additive manufacturing device and method, wherein the additive component has an axial direction and a feed channel, the feed channel runs through the additive component in the axial direction, and the additive component is located at one end in the axial direction and forms a shoulder side facing the substrate, and a storage cavity is provided in the additive component, the storage cavity is arranged around the circumference of the feed channel, and is connected to the feed channel and is adjacent to the shoulder side. The present invention arranges a storage cavity in the additive component, utilizes the friction between the rotating rod and the inner wall of the storage cavity to generate a high value instantaneous shear strain, generates more friction and deformation heat, so that the material can be thermoplasticized in the storage cavity in advance before deposition, reduces the flow stress of the material, and improves the fluidity of the material, which is conducive to the application of hard and high-strength materials in stir friction deposition additive manufacturing, expands the scope of application of the material, and is also conducive to strengthening the metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer interface and optimizing the component forming.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, in particular to an additive part, a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device and a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method.
Background
In the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, the feeding bar can be subjected to thermal plasticization only at the position where the feeding bar is directly subjected to friction deformation with the substrate or the front-pass deposition layer, and the thermal plasticization area is immediately deposited on the substrate under the forging and pressing action of the shaft shoulder, namely, the thermal plasticization and the deposition of the material are synchronously carried out. However, in the above manufacturing process, the plastic deformation capability of the high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard high-strength materials is often poor, the fluidity of the materials is poor in the initial stage of thermal plasticizing, and the deposited layer is formed directly to generate weak connection defects due to insufficient material flow, so that the deposited layer is formed poorly and the deposition efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an additive component, which can improve the fluidity of the hot plasticizing initial material of high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard high-strength materials in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, and is favorable for forming a deposition layer and improving deposition efficiency.
The invention also aims to provide a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device to apply the additive component.
The invention also aims to provide a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method for applying the additive component.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the additive component is used for a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, the additive component is provided with an axial direction and a feeding channel, the feeding channel penetrates through the additive component along the axial direction, one end of the additive component, which is positioned in the axial direction, is provided with a shaft shoulder side facing a substrate, a storage cavity is arranged in the additive component, and the storage cavity is arranged around the circumferential direction of the feeding channel, is communicated with the feeding channel and is adjacent to the shaft shoulder side.
According to the material adding component provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the friction stir deposition material adding manufacturing process, the material storage cavity is arranged in the material adding component, and high-value instantaneous shear strain is generated between the bar and the inner wall of the material storage cavity when the bar rotates, so that the material is thermally plasticized in the material storage cavity in advance before being deposited, the flow stress of the material is reduced, the flowability of the material is improved, the application of the hard high-strength material in the friction stir deposition material adding manufacturing is facilitated, and the application range of the material can be expanded. And by adopting the material adding component, the mobility of the material in the deposition stage is better, so that the probability of weak connection defects caused by insufficient material flow can be reduced, the interface metallurgical bonding of a deposition layer can be enhanced, the formation of a component is optimized, and the deposition efficiency is improved. In addition, the stability of the additive manufacturing process of the hard high-strength material is improved, and the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of a large structure are met.
In some embodiments of the invention, the storage cavity is an annular cavity disposed circumferentially around the feed channel.
In some embodiments of the invention, the storage cavity extends in a direction approaching the shoulder side, and an opening is formed through the shoulder side.
In some embodiments of the invention, the circumferential side wall of the storage cavity is inclined to a side far away from the feeding channel in a direction pointing to the shaft shoulder side from the feeding channel;
And the reference surface is parallel to the axial direction, and an included angle alpha is arranged between the peripheral side wall of the storage cavity and the reference surface, wherein the angle alpha is more than or equal to 2 degrees and less than or equal to 10 degrees.
In some embodiments of the invention, a circumferential side wall of the storage cavity is provided with a spiral groove, and the rotation direction of the spiral groove is the same as the rotation direction of the material adding component.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the spiral grooves are provided in plurality along the axial direction, and a pitch between any two adjacent spiral grooves is L, wherein L is more than or equal to 0.4mm and less than or equal to 2mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the height of the storage cavity in the axial direction is H, wherein H is 2 mm.ltoreq.H.ltoreq.8 mm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the additive component further has a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the storage cavity having a depth T in the radial direction relative to the feed channel, wherein 2 mm.ltoreq.T.ltoreq.5 mm.
A friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention comprises an additive part as described in any of the preceding claims.
According to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fluidity of the thermal plasticizing initial material of the high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard high-strength materials can be improved in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, the formation of a deposition layer is facilitated, and the deposition efficiency is improved. And the method is also beneficial to the application of the hard high-strength material in friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, can expand the application range of the material, improves the stability of the hard high-strength material in the additive manufacturing process, and is beneficial to meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of a large-scale structure.
According to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method, the additive part is manufactured according to any one of the above materials, the method comprises the steps of rotating the additive part according to a preset rotating speed and stopping the additive part at a preset height position from a substrate, feeding bars into a feeding channel of the additive part and feeding the bars along the axial direction according to a preset speed so as to enable the bars to rub with the substrate and generate thermoplastic deformation, waiting for deposited materials of a thermal plasticizing area formed by the bars to fill the storage cavity, and advancing the additive part according to a preset path.
According to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fluidity of the material in the initial stage of thermal plasticization of the high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard high-strength materials can be improved in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, the formation of a deposition layer is facilitated, and the deposition efficiency is improved. And the method is also beneficial to the application of the hard high-strength material in friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, can expand the application range of the material, improves the stability of the hard high-strength material in the additive manufacturing process, and is beneficial to meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of a large-scale structure.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an additive component according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of an additive package provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 2 at III;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of an additive package;
fig. 5 is a block flow diagram of a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10. the material adding device comprises an material adding component, 101, a material feeding channel, 102, a shaft shoulder side, 103, a material storage cavity, 103a, an opening, 1031, a peripheral side wall, 1032, a spiral groove, 104, a reference surface, 11, a main body part, 12 and a clamping part.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features, either explicitly or implicitly, for distinguishing between the descriptive features, and not sequentially, and not lightly.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Additive manufacturing of light-weight high-strength aluminum alloy is an effective means for meeting the requirements of integrated manufacturing of light weight, performance and structural design. Conventional additive manufacturing mainly uses electric arc, laser and electron beam as heat sources to melt and resolidify wires or powder so as to form a deposition layer. However, for high-strength aluminum alloys, problems such as burning loss of alloy elements, uneven structure components, and air hole crack defects exist in the melting and resolidification process, which seriously hinders the industrial application of the high-strength aluminum alloy additive manufacturing components.
Friction stir deposition additive manufacturing is a solid phase additive manufacturing technique that produces intense friction and plastic deformation by contacting a rod rotating at high speed with a substrate to produce thermal plasticization and form a deposited layer under the constraints of a hollow stirring head. The whole process of the method does not involve melting and solidification of materials, effectively avoids the burning loss and hot cracking defects of elements, and is particularly suitable for additive manufacturing of light high-strength materials such as aluminum, magnesium and the like. The non-melting and large plastic deformation characteristics of friction stir deposition additive manufacturing also enable the interior of the component to present uniform and fine equiaxed grains, which is beneficial to the mechanical properties of the component.
It should be noted that in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, only the region of the rotating bar material that is directly deformed by friction with the substrate or the front pass deposition layer can be subjected to thermal plasticization, and the thermal plasticization region is immediately deposited on the substrate under the forging action of the shaft shoulder, i.e. the thermal plasticization and deposition of the material are performed synchronously. For high-strength aluminum alloys for aerospace such as 2 series and 7 series or other hard high-strength materials, the plastic deformation capability is poor, the fluidity of the materials in the initial stage of thermal plasticization is poor, the formation of a deposition layer is poor due to insufficient material flow when the deposition layer is directly formed, and weak connection defects are generated between the deposition layers due to insufficient material flow, so that the deposition efficiency is low.
Referring now to fig. 1-4, an additive component 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the additive component 10 is used for a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, the additive component 10 is provided with an axial direction and a feeding channel 101, the feeding channel 101 penetrates through the additive component 10 along the axial direction, a shaft shoulder side 102 facing a substrate is formed at one end of the additive component 10 in the axial direction, a storage cavity 103 is arranged in the additive component 10, and the storage cavity 103 is arranged around the circumference of the feeding channel 101, communicated with the feeding channel 101 and is adjacent to the shaft shoulder side 102.
The additive component 10 may refer to a component for feeding in a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus that functions with reference to a friction welded stirring head, but is more versatile than a stirring head.
The axial direction of the additive component 10 may refer to the length extension direction of the additive component 10. Referring to fig. 1, when the additive package 10 feeds a rod in a vertical direction, the axial direction of the additive package 10 may be the up-down direction of fig. 1. In the above embodiment, the shape of the entire additive member 10 may be, but is not limited to, a cylindrical shape or a polygonal prismatic shape, or the like, and is not particularly limited herein. Illustratively, referring to fig. 1, the additive component 10 may be cylindrical in shape.
The feed channel 101 of the additive package 10 may refer to a channel for transporting bars. The section of the feed channel 101 perpendicular to the axial direction may be the same as or different from the shape of the bar. For example, the rod may be circular, and the section of the feeding channel 101 perpendicular to the axial direction may be, but not limited to, circular, square, etc., which will not be described here. Illustratively, referring to fig. 1 and 4, the feed channel 101 is square in cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction.
Shoulder 102 may refer to the end of the additive component 10 facing the substrate that may have a forging effect on the deposited material during friction stir deposition additive manufacturing.
During friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, the bar may be thermoplastically deformed by friction with the substrate or previously deposited layer as the bar is conveyed in the axial direction within the feed channel 101. Because the storage cavity 103 is communicated with the feeding channel 101, the storage cavity 103 can be used for storing the deposited material in the thermoplastic plasticizing area formed by thermoplastic deformation, so that the thermoplastic deformed deposited material can be gathered at the storage cavity, the material before deposition is preheated, and the material before deposition is further softened.
"The storage cavities 103 are circumferentially disposed around the feeding channel 101", it will be understood that the storage cavities 103 may be plural, and the storage cavities 103 may be disposed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the feeding channel 101, or the storage cavities 103 may be an entire annular cavity and concentrically disposed with the feeding channel 101, which is not particularly limited in the above embodiment.
By "the storage chamber 103 is adjacent to the shoulder 102" it is understood that the storage chamber 103 is disposed adjacent to the shoulder 102, may have a smaller distance from the shoulder 102, or the storage chamber 103 extends through the shoulder 102 in the axial direction, which is not particularly limited in the above embodiments.
It should be noted that the additive component 10 may be understood as one of components of a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus for conveying a bar of friction stir deposition additive, and other components and operations of the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
According to the material adding component 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the friction stir deposition material adding manufacturing process, the material storage cavity 103 is arranged in the material adding component 10, high-value instantaneous shear strain is generated by friction between the rotary bar and the inner wall of the material storage cavity 103, more friction and deformation heat are generated, so that the material can be thermally plasticized in advance in the material storage cavity 103 before deposition, the flow stress of the material is reduced, the fluidity of the material is improved, the application of the hard high-strength material (such as 2-series and 7-series high-strength aluminum alloy and the like) to friction stir deposition material adding manufacturing is facilitated, and the application range of the material can be expanded. Moreover, by adopting the material adding component 10, the mobility of the material in the deposition stage is better, so that the probability of weak connection defects caused by insufficient material flow can be reduced, the interface metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer can be enhanced, the formation of the component can be optimized, and the deposition efficiency can be improved. In addition, the stability of the additive manufacturing process of the hard high-strength material is improved, and the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of a large structure are met.
On the other hand, as the material is subjected to thermal plasticization in advance before deposition, the material has better fluidity, smaller torque can be applied to the bar in the deposition process, the bar feeding torque required in the feeding process of the bar along the axial direction is reduced, the deposition efficiency is improved, the equipment load of the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device can be reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced, so that the use cost is reduced.
In some embodiments of the invention, referring to fig. 1, the storage cavity 103 is an annular cavity disposed circumferentially around the feed channel 101.
The "annular cavity" may be, but is not limited to, a circular ring, a square ring, or a polygonal ring, etc. Illustratively, referring to FIG. 1, the annular cavity is a circular ring.
It can be appreciated that by arranging the storage cavity 103 into an annular cavity, the peripheral sides of the storage cavity 103 can be communicated with the feeding channel 101, so that the peripheral sides of the material before deposition can be more comprehensively and uniformly preheated, the occurrence of preheating dead angles on the peripheral sides of the material before deposition is reduced, the probability of influencing fluidity of the material before deposition due to the fact that local flow stress is not effectively eliminated can be reduced, further improvement of fluidity of the material is facilitated, interface metallurgical bonding of a deposition layer is further enhanced, and the forming quality of a component is improved.
The storage cavity 103 is an annular cavity and can be in a limited space, so that the storage cavity 103 has a larger storage space, more heat plasticizing materials can be contained, the heat in the storage cavity 103 is increased, the materials before deposition can be preheated more fully, the flowing stress of the materials can be reduced further, the flowability of the materials can be improved, the metallurgical bonding of a deposition layer interface can be enhanced further, and the forming quality of the component can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 to 3, the storage chamber 103 extends in a direction approaching the shoulder side 102, and an opening 103a is formed through the shoulder side 102.
Through the storage cavity 103 penetrating the shaft shoulder side 102 and forming the opening 103a, the high-heat plasticizing material gathered in the storage cavity 103 can finally flow out of the feeding channel 101 together with the material before deposition and finally deposit on the substrate or the previous deposition layer, so that the heat plasticizing material in the storage cavity 103 can be updated in real time, the storage cavity 103 can keep higher heat at any time to preheat the material before deposition, and the probability of poor material flowability increasing effect caused by insufficient preheating heat is reduced.
Secondly, in the conventional friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, in order to promote material mixing between deposition layers and strengthen interface metallurgical bonding, stirring pins are arranged at the positions of shaft shoulders of the stirring head facing the substrate, and generally arranged at two sides of a feeding channel, but due to the fact that the stirring pins are eccentrically arranged, the linear speed in the rotating friction process is high, and the abrasion degree of the stirring pins in the deposition process is high. Moreover, the flow stress required by the hard high-strength material in the initial stage of thermal plasticizing is larger, so that the abrasion of the stirring pin is further increased, the stability of the additive manufacturing process of the hard high-strength material is seriously affected, and the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of a large-scale structure are not met. The material storage cavity 103 penetrates through the shaft shoulder side 102 to form an opening 103a, so that the stirring pin arranged on the shaft shoulder side 102 of the material adding part 10 can be omitted while the fluidity of materials is increased, the problem of abrasion of the stirring pin is solved, the materials and the manufacturing cost can be reduced, the stability of the hard high-strength material adding manufacturing process is improved, and the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of a large structure are further met
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, from the feeding channel 101 toward the shoulder 102, the peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 is disposed obliquely to a side far from the feeding channel 101, and a reference surface 104 parallel to the axial direction is formed, and an included angle α is formed between the peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 and the reference surface 104, wherein α is equal to or less than 2 degrees and equal to or less than 10 degrees.
In the above embodiment, α may be, but is not limited to, 2 degrees, 3 degrees, 4 degrees, 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, 10 degrees, and the like.
It can be appreciated that, by setting the included angle α between the peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 and the reference surface 104 in the above range, as the bar is fed in the feeding channel 101, the peripheral side wall 1031 can form a thrust force towards the shoulder 102, so that the heat plasticized material in the storage cavity 103 can be more easily carried out of the storage cavity 103 along with the bar, and the occurrence of blocking caused by accumulation and adhesion of the heat plasticized material on the peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 is avoided.
In some embodiments of the invention, referring to fig. 3, the peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 is provided with a helical groove 1032, the direction of rotation of the helical groove 1032 being the same as the direction of rotation of the additive part 10.
The direction of rotation of the spiral groove 1032 may be adaptively adjusted according to the direction of rotation of the additive component 10, and the spiral groove 1032 may be in a right-handed direction or may be in a left-handed direction.
In the above-described technical solution, by providing the spiral groove 1032 on the peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage chamber 103, the contact area between the thermoplastic material and the peripheral side wall 1031 can be increased, which is advantageous for increasing friction and deformation heat. Moreover, the spiral groove 1032 can also increase the deformation of the thermal plasticizing material in the rotation process of the additive component 10, so that the pushing extrusion force of the thermal plasticizing material in the storage cavity 103 towards the direction of the shaft shoulder side 102 is improved, the thermal plasticizing material is facilitated to be deposited in a laminar manner towards the substrate or the previous deposition layer, the thermal plasticizing material can be further prevented from being accumulated and adhered on the peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103, and the probability of blockage caused by continuous accumulation of the material in the storage cavity 103 is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the spiral grooves 1032 are provided in plurality in the axial direction, and the pitch between any adjacent two of the spiral grooves 1032 is L, wherein 0.4 mm.ltoreq.L.ltoreq.2 mm.
The "the spiral grooves 1032 are provided in plurality" in the axial direction is understood that the number of the spiral grooves 1032 may be two, three, four, or the like. For example, referring to fig. 3, the spiral grooves 1032 are provided in four in the axial direction.
In the above embodiments, L may be, but is not limited to, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, and the like.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3, the height of the storage cavity 103 in the axial direction is H, where 2 mm.ltoreq.H.ltoreq.8 mm.
H may be, but is not limited to, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, and the like.
It will be appreciated that by setting the height H of the storage cavity 103 in the axial direction within the above range, the storage cavity 103 may have a suitable height, and the heat plasticized material in the storage cavity 103 may have a larger contact area height with the material before deposition, which is beneficial to fully preheating the material before deposition by the heat plasticized material in the storage cavity 103, further reducing the flow stress of the material, and improving the fluidity of the material.
In some embodiments of the invention, referring to FIG. 3, the additive component 10 also has a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the depth of the storage cavity 103 in the radial direction relative to the feed channel 101 being T, where 2 mm.ltoreq.T.ltoreq.5 mm.
T may be, but is not limited to, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, 2.8mm, 3mm, 3.2mm, 3.4mm, 3.6mm, 3.8mm, 4mm, 4.2mm, 4.4mm, 4.6mm, 4.8mm, 5mm, and the like.
It can be appreciated that by setting the depth T of the storage cavity 103 in the radial direction relative to the feeding channel 101 within the above range, the storage cavity 103 is beneficial to have a larger storage space, and can accommodate more heat plasticized material, thereby storing more heat and further enhancing the preheating effect on the material before deposition.
In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the additive component 10 includes a main body portion 11 and a clamping portion 12, the clamping portion 12 being disposed on one axial side of the main body portion 11 and being disposed annularly around the circumference of the main body portion 11. By providing the clamping portion 12, the clamping portion 12 may be secured by a lock nut and a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus to facilitate installation of the additive package 10 into the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus.
One specific embodiment of the additive package 10 of the present invention is described below.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an additive component 10 is used in a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus, the additive component 10 has an axial direction and a feeding channel 101, the feeding channel 101 penetrates the additive component 10 along the axial direction, a shoulder 102 facing a substrate is formed at one end of the additive component 10 in the axial direction, a storage cavity 103 is disposed in the additive component 10, and the storage cavity 103 is an annular cavity disposed around the circumference of the feeding channel 101 and is communicated with the feeding channel 101. And the stock cavity 103 extends in the axial direction toward the direction approaching the shoulder side 102, and an opening 103a is formed through the shoulder side 102.
The circumferential side wall 1031 of the storage chamber 103 is inclined to a side away from the feed passage 101 in a direction from the feed passage 101 toward the shoulder side 102. The peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 is further provided with a spiral groove 1032, and the rotation direction of the spiral groove 1032 is the same as the rotation direction of the additive part 10. By adopting the arrangement mode, the thermal plasticizing material in the storage cavity 103 is driven by the feeding axial force and the peripheral side wall 1031 and the spiral groove 1032 of the storage cavity 103 to be transmitted downwards for extrusion, and finally, a new compact and uniform deposition layer is formed on the substrate or the previous deposition layer under the forging and pressing action of the shaft shoulder side 102, so that the additive manufacturing of the component is finally realized.
In the above embodiment, by arranging the storage cavity 103 in the material-increasing component 10, high-value instantaneous shear strain can be generated between the bar material and the inner wall of the storage cavity 103 when the bar material rotates, so that the material can be thermally plasticized in advance in the storage cavity 103 before deposition, the flow stress of the material is reduced, the fluidity of the material is improved, the application of the hard high-strength material (such as 2-series and 7-series high-strength aluminum alloy) in friction stir deposition material-increasing manufacturing is facilitated, and the application range of the material can be expanded. Moreover, by adopting the material adding component 10, the mobility of the material in the deposition stage is better, so that the probability of weak connection defects caused by insufficient material flow can be reduced, the interface metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer can be enhanced, the formation of the component can be optimized, and the deposition efficiency can be improved.
Because the material is heated and plasticized in advance before deposition, the material has better fluidity, the rod feeding torque required in the feeding process of the rod along the axial direction is reduced, the equipment load of the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device can be reduced while the deposition efficiency is improved, the energy consumption is reduced, and the use cost is reduced. The additive component 10 with the structure can also improve the stability of the additive manufacturing process of hard high-strength materials, and is beneficial to meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of large-scale structures.
A friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention includes an additive component 10 as in any of the previous embodiments.
According to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fluidity of the thermal plasticizing initial material of the high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard high-strength materials can be improved in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, the formation of a deposition layer is facilitated, and the deposition efficiency is improved. And the method is also beneficial to the application of the hard high-strength material in friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, can expand the application range of the material, improves the stability of the hard high-strength material in the additive manufacturing process, and is beneficial to meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of a large-scale structure.
A friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the invention, manufactured using an additive component 10 as in any of the previous embodiments, with reference to fig. 5, comprises:
Step S1, rotating the material adding part 10 according to a preset rotating speed, and staying at a preset height position from the substrate.
In the above steps, the preset rotational speed may be specifically set as needed to enable the high-speed rotation of the additive package 10 and the bar. In this step, the raw bar enters the hollow feed channel 101 of the additive package 10 and can rotate at high speed in conjunction with the additive package 10 and be transported downwards under the action of the axial bar feed torque.
The bar material may be a round bar or a square bar, with a diameter of 5 mm-30 mm and a length of 100 mm-1000 mm, and the material may include, but is not limited to, 2, 7-series high-strength aluminum, magnesium light alloy, and high-melting-point high-strength materials such as copper, titanium, steel, etc. The size of the bar is slightly smaller than the size of the feed channel 101 and the down feed speed of the bar may be 1mm/s-30mm/s.
Step S2, the bar is fed into the feeding channel 101 of the additive component 10 and fed in the axial direction at a preset speed, so that the bar rubs against the substrate and generates thermoplastic deformation.
It will be appreciated that the feedstock bar, upon contact with the substrate, will frictionally deform and thermoplastically deform with the substrate, thereby depositing into the gap movement between the shoulder 102 and the substrate. The gap between the shoulder 102 and the substrate or the previous deposited layer is the thickness of the deposited layer, and may be set to 0.5 mm-4 mm.
Step S3, the deposit material in the thermal plasticizing area waiting for the bar to form fills the storage cavity 103.
Due to the constraint of the deposited material and the accumulation of frictional heat, the thermoplastic regions of the feedstock bar become larger and accumulate in the reservoir 103, further creating an instantaneous shear strain with the peripheral side walls 1031 of the reservoir 103 until the thermoplastic material completely fills the reservoir 103. That is, the feed rod is heat plasticized and temporarily stored in the storage chamber 103 by friction and plastic deformation heat in advance before deposition. Therefore, the heat plasticizing material in the storage cavity 103 can pre-plasticize the material before deposition, soften the material before deposition in advance, and increase the fluidity of the material.
Step S4, the additive component 10 is moved according to a preset path.
It can be appreciated that the material-increasing component 10 travels according to a preset path, and in the travelling process, high-value instantaneous shear strain can be generated between the bar material and the inner wall of the storage cavity 103 when the bar material rotates, so that the material can be thermally plasticized in advance in the storage cavity 103 before being deposited, the flow stress of the material is reduced, the fluidity of the material is improved, the probability of generating weak connection defects due to insufficient material flow can be reduced, the metallurgical bonding of a deposition layer interface is enhanced, the formation of a component is optimized, and the deposition efficiency is improved.
According to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fluidity of the material in the initial stage of thermal plasticization of the high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard high-strength materials can be improved in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, the formation of a deposition layer is facilitated, and the deposition efficiency is improved. And the method is also beneficial to the application of the hard high-strength material in friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, can expand the application range of the material, improves the stability of the hard high-strength material in the additive manufacturing process, and is beneficial to meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of a large-scale structure.
Other configurations and operations of friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus according to embodiments of the present invention are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "some embodiments," "optionally," "further," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
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| CN119747838A (en) * | 2025-03-07 | 2025-04-04 | 北京索德瀚智能科技有限公司 | Friction heat additive manufacturing device and method |
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| CN119747838A (en) * | 2025-03-07 | 2025-04-04 | 北京索德瀚智能科技有限公司 | Friction heat additive manufacturing device and method |
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