CN119387512A - Aluminum alloy casting iron removal system and method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy casting iron removal system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN119387512A CN119387512A CN202411984829.XA CN202411984829A CN119387512A CN 119387512 A CN119387512 A CN 119387512A CN 202411984829 A CN202411984829 A CN 202411984829A CN 119387512 A CN119387512 A CN 119387512A
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 230
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The application provides an aluminum alloy casting iron removing system and method, wherein the aluminum alloy casting iron removing system comprises a smelting furnace, a control device and a control device, wherein the smelting furnace is used for smelting aluminum liquid and is provided with a discharge hole; the device comprises a conveying belt, a cooling device, a cutting device and a cutting device, wherein the conveying belt is arranged corresponding to a discharge hole, a plurality of crystallizers are arranged on the surface of the conveying belt along the conveying direction and used for receiving aluminum liquid discharged through the discharge hole, the cooling device is arranged at the tail end of the conveying belt along the conveying direction and used for cooling the crystallizer positioned at the tail end, the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer can form an ingot under the cooling of the cooling device, and the cutting device is arranged at the downstream of the conveying belt and used for cutting an iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot. According to the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, the aluminum liquid is difficult to separate the iron element can be solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy ingots, in particular to an aluminum alloy casting iron removing system and method.
Background
In the process of recycling waste aluminum to prepare secondary aluminum, impurity elements such as Fe, si, zn, mg and Pb are introduced into a melt, particularly, coarse iron-rich phases are formed after the impurity iron element exceeds the standard, the performance of the aluminum alloy is seriously affected, and therefore, the exceeding iron element must be removed.
In the existing aluminum melt iron removal technology, the gravity sedimentation method of adding flux is the simplest, the flux is added into the aluminum liquid in the smelting process, the flux reacts with iron to form a coarse iron-rich phase, the density of the iron-rich phase is larger than that of the aluminum liquid, the iron-rich phase naturally settles to the bottom of the furnace, and the aluminum melt is poured through a smelting furnace to separate the iron-rich phase. The method is simple, but the aluminum liquid is required to have good fluidity, and in order to prevent part of the iron-rich phase deposition layer from being poured out, the pouring angle of the smelting furnace is required to be reduced, so that the purified aluminum melt cannot be completely poured out, and the residual quantity is large. And since the solid solubility of iron content in the aluminum melt decreases with decreasing temperature, the lower the temperature, the more the amount of iron-rich phase is precipitated and the higher the iron removal rate, from the temperature at which the iron-rich phase starts to precipitate. However, the lower the temperature of the aluminum liquid, the higher the viscosity, resulting in poorer melt flowability. Therefore, the iron removal rate and the fluidity of the aluminum liquid are two contradictory indexes, if the aluminum liquid is required to be separated from the iron-rich phase at the bottom of the furnace, the aluminum liquid needs to have higher temperature to ensure the fluidity, but after the temperature is increased, the solid solubility of iron element in the aluminum liquid is also increased, namely the iron removal rate is reduced, and the production quality of the regenerated aluminum is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an aluminum alloy casting iron removal system and method, which are used for solving the problem that in the prior art, the separation of iron elements from aluminum liquid is difficult.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided an aluminum alloy casting iron removal system comprising a smelting furnace for smelting aluminum liquid, the smelting furnace having a discharge port, a conveyor belt disposed in correspondence to the discharge port, a surface of the conveyor belt being provided with a plurality of crystallizers in a conveying direction for receiving the aluminum liquid discharged through the discharge port, a cooling device disposed at an end of the conveyor belt in the conveying direction for cooling the crystallizer at the end, the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer being capable of forming an ingot under cooling of the cooling device, and a cutting device disposed downstream of the conveyor belt for dividing an iron-rich phase deposit layer in the ingot.
Further, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system further comprises a heat preservation device, wherein the heat preservation device comprises a heat preservation furnace, the heat preservation furnace is positioned in the middle of the conveying belt, the conveying belt is arranged in the heat preservation furnace in a penetrating mode, a heating unit is arranged in the heat preservation furnace and used for heating a crystallizer passing through the heat preservation furnace so as to control the temperature of the crystallizer which does not pass through the cooling device.
Further, the heat preservation stove has the entrance point and the exit end that set up along the direction of transportation of conveyer belt, and heat preservation device still includes temperature sensor and controller, and the controller is connected with temperature sensor and heating unit electricity respectively, and the controller is provided with two, and two controllers correspond entrance point and exit end setting respectively, and two temperature sensor can detect the temperature difference of getting into the crystallizer of heat preservation stove and output heat preservation stove to through the power of controller control heating unit.
Further, a plurality of heating units are arranged in the heat preservation furnace, the plurality of heating units are arranged at intervals along the conveying direction of the conveying belt, and the plurality of heating units are respectively and electrically connected with the controller so as to independently control the heating power of each heating unit through the controller.
Further, a plurality of heating units are arranged in the heat preservation furnace, and the heating units are respectively arranged corresponding to the upper surface and the lower surface of the conveying belt on the upper layer.
Further, the cooling device is provided with a spray head, and the spray head is arranged corresponding to the outer side wall of the crystallizer and is used for spraying water to the crystallizer to reduce the temperature of the crystallizer.
Further, the aluminum alloy casting deironing system further comprises a baking device, wherein the baking device is arranged at the upstream of the discharge hole so as to preheat the crystallizer without injecting aluminum liquid.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for removing iron from an aluminum alloy casting, the method for removing iron from an aluminum alloy casting being performed by the above aluminum alloy casting iron removing system, the method comprising:
firstly, adding flux and alloy elements into a smelting furnace;
Step two, respectively guiding the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace into a plurality of crystallizers;
Step three, reducing the temperature of the crystallizer through a cooling device, and solidifying aluminum liquid in the crystallizer to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;
and fourthly, cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the cast ingot.
Further, the aluminum alloy casting iron removing system is the aluminum alloy casting iron removing system of claim 2, and the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the heat preservation furnace is reduced at a speed of 0.1-1 ℃ per second.
Further, in the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace, the content of Fe element is 0.1-4.0wt%, the content of Si element is 1-15 wt%, the content of Mn element is 0-5 wt%, the content of Ni element is 0-2 wt%, the content of Sn element is 0-0.5wt%, the content of Mg element is 0-6 wt%, the content of Cu element is 0-6 wt%, the content of Zn element is 0-6 wt%, the content of Ti element is 0-0.3wt%, the content of single impurity element in impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05wt%, and the balance is Al.
By applying the technical scheme of the application, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system comprises a smelting furnace, a conveying belt, a cooling device and a cutting device, waste aluminum can be smelted into aluminum liquid after the smelting furnace is used for smelting and recovering aluminum, the aluminum liquid can flow into the crystallizer through a discharge port, a plurality of crystallizers can pass through the discharge port successively under the drive of the conveying belt, and a converter with ten tons or even tens tons of heavy aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace is arranged in the plurality of crystallizers, so that the temperature, the cooling speed and the heat preservation time of the aluminum liquid are more favorably controlled, and the iron-rich phase is fully separated out, grown and settled. After the crystallizer passes through the cooling device, the aluminum liquid is fully cooled to form an ingot, at the moment, the iron-rich phase deposition layer is deposited at the bottom of the crystallizer due to density, the ingot is transferred to the cutting device, and the iron element in the aluminum alloy can be fully removed after the iron-rich phase deposition layer is cut by the cutting device. The method skips the contradiction relation between the fluidity of the aluminum liquid and the iron removal rate, and after the aluminum liquid is completely solidified, the iron-rich phase deposition layer at the bottom of the cast ingot is physically removed to separate the purified aluminum from the iron-rich phase deposition layer, so that the iron removal rate can be maximally improved, and the casting quality of the aluminum alloy is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an aluminum alloy casting iron removal system provided by the invention.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
100. a smelting furnace;
200. a conveyor belt;
300. A crystallizer;
400. A cooling device;
500. a cutting device;
610. A heat preservation furnace 620, a heating unit 630, a temperature sensor;
700. and a baking device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an aluminum alloy casting iron removal system including a smelting furnace 100, a conveyor belt 200, a cooling device 400, and a cutting device 500. Wherein the smelting furnace 100 is used for smelting molten aluminum, and the smelting furnace 100 is provided with a discharge outlet. The conveyer belt 200 is arranged corresponding to the discharge port, and a plurality of crystallizers 300 are arranged on the surface of the conveyer belt 200 along the conveying direction, and the crystallizers 300 are used for receiving the aluminum liquid discharged through the discharge port. The cooling device 400 is disposed at the end of the conveyor belt 200 in the conveying direction, the cooling device 400 is used for cooling the crystallizer 300 positioned at the end, and the molten aluminum in the crystallizer 300 can form an ingot under the cooling of the cooling device 400. A cutting device 500 is provided downstream of the conveyor belt 200, the cutting device 500 being used to divide the iron-rich phase deposit in the ingot.
By applying the technical scheme of the application, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system comprises the smelting furnace 100, the conveyer belt 200, the cooling device 400 and the cutting device 500, after the smelting furnace 100 is used for smelting and recovering aluminum, waste aluminum can be smelted into aluminum liquid, the aluminum liquid can flow into the crystallizer 300 through the discharge port, and the plurality of crystallizers 300 can pass through the discharge port successively under the drive of the conveyer belt 200, so that ten tons of aluminum liquid weighing tens of tons in the smelting furnace 100 is converted into the plurality of crystallizers 300, the temperature, the cooling speed and the heat preservation time of the aluminum liquid can be controlled more conveniently, and the iron-rich phase can be fully separated out, grown and settled. After the crystallizer 300 passes through the cooling device 400, the molten aluminum is sufficiently cooled to form an ingot, at this time, an iron-rich phase deposition layer is deposited at the bottom of the crystallizer 300 due to density, the ingot is transferred to the cutting device 500, and the iron element in the aluminum alloy can be sufficiently removed after the iron-rich phase deposition layer is cut by the cutting device 500. The method skips the contradiction relation between the fluidity of the aluminum liquid and the iron removal rate, and after the aluminum liquid is completely solidified, the iron-rich phase deposition layer at the bottom of the cast ingot is physically removed to separate the purified aluminum from the iron-rich phase deposition layer, so that the iron removal rate can be maximally improved, and the casting quality of the aluminum alloy is improved.
Specifically, in the present application, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system further comprises a heat preservation device, the heat preservation device comprises a heat preservation furnace 610, the heat preservation furnace 610 is located at the middle of the conveyor belt 200, the conveyor belt 200 is arranged in the heat preservation furnace 610 in a penetrating manner, a heating unit 620 is arranged in the heat preservation furnace 610, and the heating unit 620 is used for heating the crystallizer 300 passing through the heat preservation furnace 610 so as to control the temperature of the crystallizer 300 passing through the cooling device 400. Through setting up heat preservation device, can control the temperature, cold rate and the heat preservation time of aluminium liquid in the crystallizer 300 when cooling device 400 is not reached to make the temperature of aluminium liquid reduce under certain speed, the primary crystal iron-rich phase that so forms can deposit gradually to the bottom of crystallizer under the effect of gravity and form iron-rich phase sedimentary layer, improves the de-ironing rate.
Specifically, the heat preservation furnace 610 has an inlet end and an outlet end disposed along the transportation direction of the conveyor belt 200, the heat preservation apparatus further includes a temperature sensor 630 and a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the temperature sensor 630 and the heating unit 620, the controller is provided with two controllers, the two controllers are disposed corresponding to the inlet end and the outlet end, the two temperature sensors 630 can detect the temperature difference of the molten aluminum in the crystallizer 300 entering the heat preservation furnace 610 and the output heat preservation furnace 610, and the power of the heating unit 620 is controlled by the controller. Through the above arrangement, the two temperature sensors 630 can detect the temperature of the crystallizer 300 passing through both ends of the holding furnace 610 and the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300, and timely control the power of the heating unit 620 through the controller, and control the temperature in the holding furnace 610, so as to adjust the rate of the temperature change of the aluminum liquid in real time.
Specifically, the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the mold 300 needs to be greater than 680 ℃ before the mold 300 is transferred into the holding furnace 610.
Further, a plurality of heating units 620 are disposed in the holding furnace 610, the plurality of heating units 620 are disposed at intervals along the transportation direction of the conveyor belt 200, and the plurality of heating units 620 are respectively electrically connected to the controller, so that the heating power of each heating unit 620 is individually controlled by the controller. Through the arrangement, the temperature in the holding furnace 610 can be controlled to be convenient for gradient, thereby being beneficial to controlling the temperature change rate of the aluminum liquid and improving the sedimentation effect of the iron element.
In a possible embodiment of the present application, the heating unit 620 may be a resistive heater, an infrared electric heater, a hot air electric heater, or the like, as long as a heating function can be achieved and heating efficiency can be controlled.
Further, a plurality of heating units 620 are disposed in the holding furnace 610, and the plurality of heating units 620 are disposed corresponding to the upper surface and the lower surface of the upper conveyor belt 200, respectively. By the arrangement, the crystallizer 300 can be heated more uniformly along the height direction, the temperature of the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 can be controlled conveniently, and the deposition effect of the iron element is improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, the cooling device 400 is a cooling spray device, and the cooling spray device has a spray head, and the spray head is disposed corresponding to an outer sidewall of the mold 300, and is used for spraying water to the mold 300 to reduce the temperature of the mold 300. The cooling water can rapidly decrease the temperature of the mold 300, and the arrangement of the spray heads corresponding to the side walls of the mold 300 can prevent the cooling water from entering the mold and mixing into the aluminum liquid.
In other embodiments of the present application, the cooling device 400 may also be an air cooling device, a phase change cooling device, or an electromagnetic cooling device.
Alternatively, in the aluminum alloy casting system provided by the application, the ingot in the crystallizer 300 can be demolded by manual pouring or matching with a pouring device, and transported to the cutting device 500.
Alternatively, the crystallizer 300 in the present application may be fixedly disposed on the surface of the conveyor belt 200, when the crystallizer 300 rotates to the lower layer of the conveyor belt 200 along with the conveyor belt 200 after passing through the cooling device 400, the opening of the crystallizer 300 is inverted, the ingot can be automatically demolded under the action of gravity, and the cutting device 500 is disposed below the conveyor belt 200 to receive the falling ingot.
And, with the fixed setting of crystallizer 300 on the surface of conveyer belt 200, after the ingot casting takes off, crystallizer 300 can also rotate to the upper strata of conveyer belt 200 along with conveyer belt 200, reloads the aluminium liquid to cyclic utilization crystallizer 300 for aluminium alloy casting deironing system can realize serialization production.
To facilitate ingot stripping, the crystallizer 300 material may be made of iron and its alloys, copper and its alloys, graphite.
Further, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system further includes a roasting device 700, and the roasting device 700 is disposed upstream of the discharge port to preheat the crystallizer 300 into which the aluminum liquid is not injected. When the mold 300 is fixedly disposed on the surface of the conveyor belt 200, the baking device 700 may be disposed under the conveyor belt 200 to preheat the mold 300 not filled with the aluminum liquid, prevent the mold 300 from being broken due to a temperature difference after being filled with the aluminum liquid, and prevent the mold 300 from cooling the aluminum liquid in advance, thereby ensuring the iron removal effect.
Specifically, the baking apparatus 700 may select a hot air apparatus.
Specifically, the baking apparatus 700 needs to bake the temperature of the mold 300 to 200-500 ℃.
In the present application, the cutting device 500 may be a cutting machine.
According to still another aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of iron removal by casting of an aluminum alloy, the method of iron removal by casting of an aluminum alloy being performed using the above-described system for iron removal by casting of an aluminum alloy, the method comprising:
step one, adding flux and alloy elements into a smelting furnace 100;
Step two, respectively guiding the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100 into a plurality of crystallizers 300;
step three, reducing the temperature of the crystallizer 300 through a cooling device 400, and solidifying the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;
and fourthly, cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the cast ingot.
By using the method for removing iron in aluminum alloy casting provided by the application, the contradiction relation between the fluidity of the aluminum liquid and the iron removal rate can be skipped, and the separation of purified aluminum and the iron-rich phase deposition layer can be realized by physically removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer at the bottom of the cast ingot after the aluminum liquid is completely solidified, so that the iron removal rate can be improved to the maximum extent, and the casting quality of the aluminum alloy can be improved.
Specifically, in the heat preservation furnace 610, the temperature of the aluminum liquid is reduced at a speed of 0.1-1 ℃ per second, and before the aluminum liquid passes through the cooling device 400 along with the crystallizer 300, the cooling speed of the aluminum liquid is too fast, which can affect the sedimentation speed of iron element, and too fast can enable the iron element to sediment too much in advance, so that uneven heat treatment is caused, and the heat treatment of the aluminum liquid when the sedimentation is incomplete is affected. Specifically, the cooling rate may be controlled at 0.1 ℃, 0.5 ℃, and/or 1 ℃.
Specifically, the alloying element is Mn.
In the application, in the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the content of Fe element is 0.1-4.0wt%, the content of Si element is 1-15 wt%, the content of Mn element is 0-5 wt%, the content of Ni element is 0-2%, the content of Sn element is 0-0.5wt%, the content of Mg element is 0-6 wt%, the content of Cu element is 0-6 wt%, the content of Zn element is 0-6 wt%, the content of Ti element is 0-0.3wt%, the content of single impurity element in impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05wt%, and the balance is Al.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for removing iron by casting aluminum alloy, which mainly comprises the following steps:
Adding flux and alloy element Mn into a smelting furnace 100, smelting, wherein in aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the content of Fe element is 1 wt%, the content of Si element is 8 wt%, the content of Mn element is 2 wt%, the content of Ni element is 1.5 wt%, the content of Sn element is 0.1 wt%, the content of Mg element is 1.5 wt%, the content of Cu element is 3 wt%, the content of Zn element is 1 wt%, the content of Ti element is 0.25 wt%, the content of single impurity element in impurity elements is 0.04 wt%, and the balance is Al;
The molten aluminum in the smelting furnace 100 is respectively introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300, and the cooling rate of the crystallizers 300 in the heat preservation furnace 610 is set to be 0.1 ℃ per second;
lowering the temperature of the crystallizer 300 to below 300 ℃ by the cooling device 400, and solidifying the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;
And cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot by using a cutting device 500 to obtain the iron-removed aluminum alloy ingot.
Example 2
Adding flux and alloy element Mn into a smelting furnace 100, smelting, wherein in aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the content of Fe element is 2 wt%, the content of Si element is 6.5 wt%, the content of Mn element is 3.5 wt%, the content of Ni element is 1 wt%, the content of Mg element is 2 wt%, the content of Cu element is 3.5 wt%, the content of Zn element is 1 wt%, the content of Ti element is 0.2 wt%, the content of single impurity element in impurity elements is 0.03 wt%, and the balance is Al;
The molten aluminum in the smelting furnace 100 is respectively introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300, and the cooling speed of the crystallizers 300 in the heat preservation furnace 610 is set to be 0.5 ℃ per second;
lowering the temperature of the crystallizer 300 to below 300 ℃ by the cooling device 400, and solidifying the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;
And cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot by using a cutting device 500 to obtain the iron-removed aluminum alloy ingot.
Example 3
Adding flux and alloy element Mn into a smelting furnace 100, smelting, wherein in aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the content of Fe element is 1.5 wt%, the content of Si element is 6 wt%, the content of Mn element is 3 wt%, the content of Ni element is 1wt%, the content of Sn element is 0.2 wt%, the content of Mg element is 2.5 wt%, the content of Cu element is 3.5 wt%, the content of Zn element is 3 wt%, the content of Ti element is 0.2 wt%, the content of single impurity element in impurity elements is 0.04 wt%, and the balance is Al;
The molten aluminum in the smelting furnace 100 is respectively introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300, and the cooling speed of the crystallizers 300 in the heat preservation furnace 610 is set to be 1 ℃ per second;
lowering the temperature of the crystallizer 300 to below 300 ℃ by the cooling device 400, and solidifying the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;
And cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot by using a cutting device 500 to obtain the iron-removed aluminum alloy ingot.
Example 4
Adding flux and alloy element Mn into a smelting furnace 100, smelting, wherein in aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the content of Fe element is 3.5 wt%, the content of Si element is 5wt%, the content of Mn element is 4 wt%, the content of Ni element is 0.7%, the content of Sn element is 0.2 wt%, the content of Mg element is 1.5 wt%, the content of Cu element is 1 wt%, the content of Zn element is 2 wt%, the content of Ti element is 0.1 wt%, the content of single impurity element in impurity elements is 0.05 wt%, and the balance is Al;
The molten aluminum in the smelting furnace 100 is respectively introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300, and the cooling speed of the crystallizers 300 in the heat preservation furnace 610 is set to be 1 ℃ per second;
lowering the temperature of the crystallizer 300 to below 300 ℃ by the cooling device 400, and solidifying the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;
And cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot by using a cutting device 500 to obtain the iron-removed aluminum alloy ingot.
Example 5
Adding flux and alloy element Mn into a smelting furnace 100, smelting, wherein in aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the content of Fe element is 1 wt%, the content of Si element is 8 wt%, the content of Mn element is 2 wt%, the content of Ni element is 1.5 wt%, the content of Sn element is 0.1 wt%, the content of Mg element is 1.5 wt%, the content of Cu element is 3 wt%, the content of Zn element is 1 wt%, the content of Ti element is 0.25 wt%, the content of single impurity element in impurity elements is 0.04 wt%, and the balance is Al;
The molten aluminum in the smelting furnace 100 is respectively introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300, and the cooling speed of the crystallizers 300 in the heat preservation furnace 610 is set to be 0.5 ℃ per second;
lowering the temperature of the crystallizer 300 to below 300 ℃ by the cooling device 400, and solidifying the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;
And cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot by using a cutting device 500 to obtain the iron-removed aluminum alloy ingot.
Example 6
Adding flux and alloy element Mn into a smelting furnace 100, smelting, wherein in aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace 100, the content of Fe element is 1 wt%, the content of Si element is 8 wt%, the content of Mn element is 2 wt%, the content of Ni element is 1.5 wt%, the content of Sn element is 0.1 wt%, the content of Mg element is 1.5 wt%, the content of Cu element is 3 wt%, the content of Zn element is 1 wt%, the content of Ti element is 0.25 wt%, the content of single impurity element in impurity elements is 0.04 wt%, and the balance is Al;
the molten aluminum in the smelting furnace 100 is respectively introduced into a plurality of crystallizers 300, and the cooling rate of the crystallizers 300 in the passing heat preserving furnace 610 is set to be 1.0 ℃ per second;
lowering the temperature of the crystallizer 300 to below 300 ℃ by the cooling device 400, and solidifying the aluminum liquid in the crystallizer 300 to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;
And cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the ingot by using a cutting device 500 to obtain the iron-removed aluminum alloy ingot.
The aluminum alloy ingots prepared in examples 1 to 6 were selected, and the contents of iron element and aluminum element in the chemical compositions thereof were measured, and the test results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 iron removal rate and iron content (wt.%) of the alloy after iron removal for ingots in different examples
As can be seen from table 1, in examples 1 to 5, iron was removed by the method of casting aluminum alloy to obtain ingots having significantly reduced iron content, and superior iron removal rate was obtained as compared with the iron removal method in the prior art.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the azimuth or positional relationships indicated by the azimuth terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal", and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the azimuth or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and these azimuth terms do not indicate and imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific azimuth or be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and the azimuth terms "inside and outside" refer to inside and outside with respect to the outline of each component itself.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above," "upper" and "upper surface," "above" and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the process is carried out, the exemplary term "above" may be included. Upper and lower. Two orientations below. The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to define the components, and are only for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An aluminum alloy casting iron removal system is characterized in that, the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system comprises:
A smelting furnace (100) for smelting molten aluminum, the smelting furnace (100) having a discharge port;
The conveying belt (200) is arranged corresponding to the discharge port, a plurality of crystallizers (300) are arranged on the surface of the conveying belt (200) along the conveying direction, and the crystallizers (300) are used for receiving the aluminum liquid discharged through the discharge port;
a cooling device (400) arranged at the tail end of the conveying belt (200) along the conveying direction, wherein the cooling device (400) is used for cooling the crystallizer (300) positioned at the tail end, and aluminum liquid in the crystallizer (300) can form an ingot under the cooling of the cooling device (400);
-a cutting device (500) arranged downstream of the conveyor belt (200), the cutting device (500) being adapted to divide the iron-rich phase deposit in the ingot.
2. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system of claim 1, further comprising:
The heat preservation device comprises a heat preservation furnace (610), the heat preservation furnace (610) is located in the middle of the conveying belt (200), the conveying belt (200) is arranged in the heat preservation furnace (610) in a penetrating mode, a heating unit (620) is arranged in the heat preservation furnace (610), and the heating unit (620) is used for heating the crystallizer (300) passing through the heat preservation furnace (610) so as to control the temperature of the crystallizer (300) which does not pass through the cooling device (400).
3. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system according to claim 2, wherein the holding furnace (610) has an inlet end and an outlet end disposed along a transport direction of the conveyor belt (200), the heat preservation device further comprises a temperature sensor (630) and a controller electrically connected to the temperature sensor (630) and the heating unit (620), respectively, the controller is provided with two controllers disposed corresponding to the inlet end and the outlet end, respectively, the two temperature sensors (630) are capable of detecting a temperature difference of aluminum liquid in the crystallizer (300) entering the holding furnace (610) and outputting the holding furnace (610), and controlling power of the heating unit (620) through the controller.
4. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system as set forth in claim 3, wherein a plurality of said heating units (620) are provided in said holding furnace (610), a plurality of said heating units (620) are provided at intervals along a transport direction of said conveyor belt (200), and a plurality of said heating units (620) are respectively electrically connected to said controller so as to individually control a heating power of each of said heating units (620) by said controller.
5. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system as set forth in claim 2, wherein a plurality of said heating units (620) are provided in said holding furnace (610), said plurality of heating units (620) being provided corresponding to the upper and lower surfaces of said conveyor belt (200) on the upper layer, respectively.
6. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system of claim 1, wherein the cooling device (400) has a spray head disposed corresponding to an outer sidewall of the crystallizer (300) for spraying water to the crystallizer (300) to reduce a temperature of the crystallizer (300).
7. The aluminum alloy casting iron removal system of claim 1, further comprising a baking device (700), the baking device (700) being disposed upstream of the discharge outlet to preheat the crystallizer (300) without the injection of the aluminum liquid.
8. A method of iron removal by casting an aluminum alloy, characterized in that the method of iron removal by casting an aluminum alloy is performed using the aluminum alloy casting iron removal system of any one of claims 1 to 7, the method comprising:
firstly, adding flux and alloy elements into a smelting furnace (100);
Step two, respectively guiding the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace (100) into a plurality of crystallizers (300);
step three, reducing the temperature of the crystallizer (300) through a cooling device (400) to solidify aluminum liquid in the crystallizer (300) to form an ingot with an iron-rich phase deposition layer;
And step four, cutting and removing the iron-rich phase deposition layer in the cast ingot.
9. The method of iron removal by casting aluminum alloy as defined in claim 8, wherein the iron removal system by casting aluminum alloy is the iron removal system by casting aluminum alloy as defined in claim 2, and the temperature of the aluminum liquid is lowered at a rate of 0.1 ℃ to 1 ℃ in the heat-insulating furnace (610).
10. The method for casting and deironing the aluminum alloy according to claim 8, wherein in the aluminum liquid in the smelting furnace (100), the content of Fe element is 0.1-4.0wt%, the content of Si element is 1-15 wt%, the content of Mn element is 0-5 wt%, the content of Ni element is 0-2 wt%, the content of Sn element is 0-0.5wt%, the content of Mg element is 0-6 wt%, the content of Cu element is 0-6 wt%, the content of Zn element is 0-6 wt%, the content of Ti element is 0-0.3wt%, and the content of single impurity element in impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.05wt%, and the balance is Al.
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