CN119362887A - A DC regulated power supply circuit and measuring device - Google Patents
A DC regulated power supply circuit and measuring device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种直流稳压电源电路和测量设备，由于在开关电源模块的输出端增加了稳压模块，稳压模块能够对开关电源模块输出的第二直流电信号进行稳压处理，且通过控制调节模块进行动态反馈调节，使得直流稳压电源电路最终输出的第三直流电信号具有较高的精度，且电压纹波小、噪声低，此外，通过控制调节模块基于第二开关器件的漏失电压，对开关电源模块输出的第二直流电信号进行动态反馈调节，使得第二直流电信号和第三直流电信号之间的电压差处于第二开关器件的漏失电压的预设范围内上下波动，以使电路能够具有较高的能量转换效率。
A DC voltage-stabilized power supply circuit and measuring equipment. Since a voltage-stabilizing module is added to the output end of a switching power supply module, the voltage-stabilizing module can perform voltage stabilization processing on a second DC power signal output by the switching power supply module, and perform dynamic feedback regulation through a control and regulation module, so that a third DC power signal finally output by the DC voltage-stabilized power supply circuit has high precision, small voltage ripple and low noise. In addition, the control and regulation module performs dynamic feedback regulation on the second DC power signal output by the switching power supply module based on the leakage voltage of the second switching device, so that the voltage difference between the second DC power signal and the third DC power signal fluctuates within a preset range of the leakage voltage of the second switching device, so that the circuit can have a high energy conversion efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of direct current voltage stabilization, in particular to a direct current voltage-stabilized power supply circuit and measuring equipment.
Background
The standby time and the service life of measuring equipment (such as oscilloscopes, spectrum analyzers and the like) are a key index for considering the energy-saving performance of the measuring equipment. At present, the commonly used energy saving technology can be divided into a static energy saving technology and a dynamic energy saving technology, wherein the static energy saving technology is used for adapting to low-power consumption application scenes by closing clocks, power supplies or functional modules of different components in a chip in the measuring equipment, and the dynamic energy saving technology is used for dynamically adjusting the running frequency, voltage and the like of a processor in the measuring equipment according to the change of computing resources in the chip running process of the measuring equipment, so that the energy saving purpose is achieved.
The dynamic energy-saving technology is commonly used for a direct current switching power supply in measuring equipment, some technologies adopt PWM (Pulse Width Modulation ), DAC (Digital to Analog Converter, digital-analog converter) and a digital potentiometer to control a feedback voltage end of a power management chip, the digital DC-DC stabilized power supply generally comprises an inductor, a capacitor, a diode, a transistor and a control circuit, an internal control circuit is used for adjusting PWM signals to convert input direct current voltage into constant direct current voltage for output, and the DC-DC stabilized power supply has higher energy conversion efficiency, but the output end of the power supply has higher voltage ripple and switching noise.
In summary, the current measurement device has a certain requirement for a dc regulated power supply with lower voltage ripple and switching noise and higher energy conversion efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a direct-current stabilized power supply circuit and measuring equipment, which solve the problems of higher energy conversion efficiency, lower voltage ripple and lower noise.
According to a first aspect, in one embodiment, there is provided a dc regulated power supply circuit, comprising:
The switching power supply module is used for carrying out first voltage conversion processing on an input first direct current signal through the on or off of the first switching device and outputting a required second direct current signal;
The voltage stabilizing module is used for carrying out second voltage conversion processing on the second direct current signal acquired from the switching power supply module based on the voltage of a control electrode of the second switching device and outputting a required third direct current signal;
The control and regulation module is connected with the switching power supply module to form a first control closed loop and is used for generating a first control electric signal based on the second direct current electric signal, the third direct current electric signal and the leakage voltage of the second switching device and controlling the first switching device in the switching power supply module to be turned on or turned off based on the first control electric signal;
The control and regulation module is used for generating a second control electric signal based on the voltage difference between the third direct current electric signal and the preset target voltage value and controlling the voltage stabilizing module to acquire the voltage of a control electrode of the second switching device based on the second control electric signal so as to perform second voltage conversion processing on the second direct current electric signal and acquire the third direct current electric signal approaching to the preset target voltage value;
the first voltage conversion process is different from the second voltage conversion process, and a voltage difference between the second direct current electric signal and the third direct current electric signal is in a preset range of the leakage voltage of the second switching device and fluctuates.
In one embodiment, the control adjustment module includes a controller, a first digital-to-analog converter, a first analog-to-digital converter, a second digital-to-analog converter, and a second analog-to-digital converter;
the second analog-to-digital converter is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module and is used for converting the third direct-current electric signal into a third digital signal and outputting the third digital signal;
the controller is connected with the second analog-to-digital converter and is used for acquiring the third digital signal and determining the second control digital signal based on the voltage difference between the third digital signal and the preset target voltage value;
The second digital-to-analog converter is connected with the controller and is used for converting the second control digital signal into a second control electric signal;
The first analog-to-digital converter is connected with the output end of the switching power supply module and is used for converting the second direct-current electric signal into a second digital signal and outputting the second digital signal;
The controller is connected with the first analog-to-digital converter, and is used for acquiring the second digital signal and determining the first control digital signal based on the second direct-current electric signal, the third direct-current electric signal and the leakage voltage of the second switching device;
the first digital-to-analog converter is connected with the controller and used for converting the first control digital signal into a first control electric signal.
In one embodiment, further comprising:
the control and regulation module is used for determining the leakage voltage of the second switching device according to the target output voltage of the switching power supply module and the preset target voltage value, or
The control and regulation module is used for obtaining the load current of the direct-current stabilized power supply circuit and determining the leakage voltage of the second switching device according to the load current and a preset scale factor.
In one embodiment, further comprising:
and the load current detection module is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module and is used for detecting the current of the output end of the voltage stabilizing module so as to acquire the load current of the direct-current voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit.
In one embodiment, the load current detection module comprises:
one end of the detection resistor is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module, and the other end of the detection resistor is used for outputting the load current;
the differential pressure detection unit is provided with a first input end and a second input end, wherein the first input end is connected with one end of the detection resistor, the second input end is connected with the other end of the detection resistor, and the differential pressure amplification unit is used for acquiring the voltage difference between two ends of the detection resistor and outputting a voltage difference signal;
And the third analog-to-digital converter is connected with the output end of the differential pressure detection unit and is used for converting the differential pressure signal into a digital differential pressure signal and outputting the digital differential pressure signal to the controller.
In one embodiment, the differential pressure detection unit is further configured to amplify the acquired differential pressure signal across the detection resistor.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises a first signal processing module, wherein the first signal processing module comprises a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13 and an inductor L11;
One end of the resistor R13 is connected with the output end of the first digital-to-analog converter, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected with one end of the resistor R11 and one end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the output end of the switch power supply module, one end of the capacitor C11 is connected with the input end of the switch power supply module, the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected with the ground, one end of the resistor R13 connected with the resistor R11 and the resistor R12 is used for outputting the first control electric signal to the feedback end of the switch power supply module, and the other end of the resistor R12 is grounded;
One end of the resistor R14 is connected with one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the ground, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with one end of the capacitor C13, and the other end of the capacitor C13 is connected with the ground, wherein one end of the resistor R14 connected with the resistor R15 is used for being connected with the input end of the first analog-digital converter, and one end of the resistor R14 connected with the capacitor C13 is used for being connected with the output end of the switching power supply module;
one end of the inductor L11 is connected with the output end of the switching power supply module, the other end of the inductor L11 is connected with one end of the capacitor C12, the other end of the capacitor C12 is connected with the ground, and one end, connected with the inductor L11 and the capacitor C12, of the inductor L11 is used for outputting a second direct-current electric signal.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises a second signal processing module, wherein the second signal processing module comprises a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R25, a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22 and a capacitor C23;
One end of the resistor R23 is connected with the output end of the second digital-to-analog converter, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with one end of the resistor R21 and one end of the resistor R22, the other end of the resistor R21 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module, one end of the capacitor C21 is connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing module, the other end of the capacitor C21 is connected with the ground, one end of the resistor R23 connected with the resistor R21 and the resistor R22 is used for outputting the second control electric signal to the feedback end of the voltage stabilizing module, and the other end of the resistor R22 is grounded;
one end of the resistor R24 is connected with one end of the resistor R25, the other end of the resistor R25 is connected with the ground, the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with one end of the capacitor C23, and the other end of the capacitor C23 is connected with the ground, wherein one end of the resistor R24 connected with the resistor R25 is used for being connected with the input end of the second analog-digital converter, and one end of the resistor R24 connected with the capacitor C23 is used for being connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module;
one end of the capacitor C22 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module, and the other end of the capacitor C22 is connected with the ground.
In one embodiment, the DC regulated power supply circuit has at least an initial state, wherein,
In the initial state:
determining the second control electrical signal according to the following expression:
Vctr2= Vref2(1+R23/R21+R23/R22) -V_out (R23/R21);
Wherein, R 21 is the resistance value of the resistor R21, R 22 is the resistance value of the resistor R22, R 23 is the resistance value of the resistor R23, V ctr2 is the voltage corresponding to the second control electrical signal, v_out is the preset target voltage value, and V ref2 is the reference voltage of the voltage stabilizing module;
determining the first control electrical signal according to the following expression:
Vctr1= Vref1(1+R13/R11+R13/R12)- (V_out +Vdropout+σ) (R13/R11);
Wherein, R 13 is the resistance value of the resistor R13, R 11 is the resistance value of the resistor R11, R 12 is the resistance value of the resistor R12, V ctr1 is the voltage corresponding to the first control electrical signal, v_out is the preset target voltage value, V dropout is the leakage voltage, σ is the correction margin factor of the leakage voltage, and V ref1 is the reference voltage of the switching power supply module.
In one embodiment, further comprising:
a serial interface bus for communicating between the controller and the first digital-to-analog converter, the first analog-to-digital converter, the second digital-to-analog converter, and the second analog-to-digital converter.
According to a second aspect, there is provided in one embodiment a measurement device comprising:
The conversion circuit is used for carrying out direct current conversion on the input alternating current signal and outputting a first direct current signal;
A dc voltage-stabilized power supply circuit, which is a circuit according to any one of the above embodiments, and is configured to perform voltage conversion processing on the first dc signal to output a third dc signal;
One or more load circuits, the third direct current electrical signal for providing a direct current power signal to the load circuits.
According to the direct-current stabilized power supply circuit and the measuring equipment, the voltage stabilizing module is added at the output end of the switching power supply module, so that the voltage stabilizing module can stabilize the second direct-current electric signal output by the switching power supply module, and the dynamic feedback adjustment is performed through the control adjusting module, so that the third direct-current electric signal finally output by the direct-current stabilized power supply circuit has higher precision, small voltage ripple and low noise, and in addition, the dynamic feedback adjustment is performed on the second direct-current electric signal output by the switching power supply module through the control adjusting module based on the leakage voltage of the second switching device, so that the voltage difference between the second direct-current electric signal and the third direct-current electric signal is in the preset range of the leakage voltage of the second switching device, and the circuit can have higher energy conversion efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dc voltage-stabilized power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a switching power module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage stabilizing module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control adjustment module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first signal processing module and a second signal processing module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the leakage voltage versus load current;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a DC regulated power supply circuit according to another embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a load current detection module according to an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a dynamic voltage regulation method of a DC regulated power supply circuit according to an embodiment;
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The application will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings by means of specific embodiments. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered alike in association. In the following embodiments, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, one skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted, or replaced by other elements, materials, or methods in different situations. In some instances, related operations of the present application have not been shown or described in the specification in order to avoid obscuring the core portions of the present application, and may be unnecessary to persons skilled in the art from a detailed description of the related operations, which may be presented in the description and general knowledge of one skilled in the art.
Furthermore, the described features, operations, or characteristics of the description may be combined in any suitable manner in various embodiments. Also, various steps or acts in the method descriptions may be interchanged or modified in a manner apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various orders in the description and drawings are for clarity of description of only certain embodiments, and are not meant to be required orders unless otherwise indicated.
The numbering of the components itself, e.g. "first", "second", etc., is used herein merely to distinguish between the described objects and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "coupled" as used herein includes both direct and indirect coupling (coupling), unless otherwise indicated.
For the power supply technology of the measurement device, it is generally required to have lower voltage ripple and noise, and some voltage regulators can meet the above requirements, for example, a switching device in an LDO voltage regulator works in a linear region, and has good stability, fast load response, small ripple of an output voltage signal and low noise, however, when a voltage difference between an input voltage and an output voltage of the LDO voltage regulator is larger, energy lost by the voltage signal on the LDO voltage regulator is larger, resulting in lower energy conversion efficiency of the LDO voltage regulator.
Aiming at the problems, the embodiment of the application provides a direct current stabilized power supply circuit, which comprises a voltage stabilizing module, a control and regulating module and a control and regulating module, wherein the voltage stabilizing module is added at the output end of the switch power supply module to reduce voltage ripple and noise of a third direct current electric signal output by the direct current stabilized power supply circuit, the control and regulating module is used for carrying out dynamic feedback regulation on the voltage stabilizing module to enable the third direct current electric signal output by the direct current stabilized power supply circuit to approach a preset target voltage value, the output precision is improved, and finally, the control and regulating module is used for carrying out dynamic feedback regulation on a second direct current electric signal output by the switch power supply module to enable the voltage difference between the second direct current electric signal and the third direct current electric signal to be in the preset range of leakage voltage of a second switch device in the voltage stabilizing module to fluctuate, so that higher energy conversion efficiency is ensured.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a dc voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit, which includes a switching power supply module 101, a voltage-stabilizing module 102 and a control adjustment module 103, where an input end of the switching power supply module 101 is used for obtaining an input first dc signal Vin, an output end of the switching power supply module 101 is connected to an input end of the voltage-stabilizing module 102, the switching power supply module 101 inputs an output second dc signal Vmid to an input end of the voltage-stabilizing module 102, an output end of the voltage-stabilizing module 102 outputs a third dc signal Vout to a load circuit to supply power to the load circuit, an input end of the control adjustment module 103 is connected to an output end of the switching power supply module 101 and an output end of the voltage-stabilizing module 102, an output end of the control adjustment module 103 is connected to a feedback end of the switching power supply module 101 and a feedback end of the voltage-stabilizing module 102, and a feedback end of the switching power supply module 101 is used for controlling on or off of a first switching device in the switching power supply module 101, and a feedback end of the voltage-stabilizing module 102 is used for controlling a control electrode voltage of a second switching device in the voltage-stabilizing module 102. The connection between the control and regulation module 103 and the switching power supply module 101 forms a first control closed loop, and the connection between the control and regulation module 103 and the switching power supply module 101 and the connection between the control and regulation module 102 form a second control closed loop synchronously controlled with the first control closed loop. The following is a detailed description.
The switching power supply module 101 includes a first switching device, and the switching power supply module 101 is configured to control on or off of the first switching device, so as to perform a first voltage conversion process on an input first dc signal Vin, and output a required second dc signal Vmid.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 2, the switching power supply module 101 is a DC-DC switching power supply chip, which includes a first switching device 201, a first control logic circuit 202, a first comparator 203 and a first reference voltage generating circuit 204, wherein a first input terminal of the first comparator 203 is used for obtaining a first control electric signal Vctrl input from the outside, a second input terminal of the first comparator 203 is connected to an output terminal of the first reference voltage generating circuit 204, used for obtaining a reference voltage Vref1 of the switching power supply module 101, an output terminal of the first comparator 203 is connected to an input terminal of the first control logic circuit 202, an output terminal of the first control logic circuit 202 is connected to the first switching device 201, the first switching device 201 may include a first switching transistor Q1 and a second switching transistor Q2, an output terminal of the first control logic circuit 202 is connected to a control electrode of the first switching transistor Q1 and a control electrode of the second switching transistor Q2, a first electrode of the first switching transistor Q1 is connected to an input first direct current signal Vin, and a second diode Q2 is connected to a first diode Q2. The first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are first switching devices.
Based on the above-mentioned circuit, after comparing the first control electrical signal Vctrl input at the first input end of the first comparator 203 with the reference voltage Vref1 of the switching power supply module 101 input at the second input end thereof, a first control voltage difference can be obtained, and the first control logic circuit 202 outputs a PWM control signal with a duty ratio corresponding to the first control electrical signal Vctrl based on the input first control voltage difference, so as to control the on or off of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 in the first switching device 201, thereby controlling the voltage of the finally output second dc electrical signal Vmid. It should be noted that the on and off states of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are mutually exclusive, that is, when the first switching tube Q1 is turned on, the second switching tube Q2 is turned off, and when the first switching tube Q1 is turned off, the second switching tube Q2 is turned on.
The voltage stabilizing module 102 includes a second switching device, and the voltage stabilizing module 102 is configured to control a voltage of a control electrode of the second switching device, so as to perform a second voltage conversion process on the second dc electrical signal Vmid, and output a third dc electrical signal Vout of a required voltage, where the third dc electrical signal Vout is used to provide a dc power signal to a load circuit of the dc voltage-stabilized power supply circuit.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3, the voltage stabilizing module 102 may be an LDO voltage stabilizing chip, which includes a second switching device 301, a second control logic circuit 302, a second comparator 303, and a second reference voltage generating circuit 304, where a first input terminal of the second comparator 303 is used for obtaining an externally input second control electrical signal Vctr2, a second input terminal of the second comparator 303 is connected to an output terminal of the second reference voltage generating circuit 304, used for obtaining a reference voltage Vref2 of the voltage stabilizing module 102, an output terminal of the second comparator 303 is connected to an input terminal of the second control logic circuit 302, an output terminal of the second control logic circuit 302 is connected to the second switching device 301, and the second switching device 301 may include a third switching tube Q3, an output terminal of the second control logic circuit 302 is connected to a control electrode of the third switching tube Q3, a first electrode of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to an input second direct current electrical signal Vmid, and a second electrode of the third switching tube Q3 is used for outputting a third direct current electrical signal Vout. The third switching tube Q3 is a power tube PMOS, where the control electrode is a gate, the first electrode is a source, the second electrode is a drain, the third switching tube Q3 is always in a conductive state, and the voltage stabilizing module 102 outputs a third dc electrical signal Vout of a required voltage by controlling a voltage between the source and the gate of the power tube PMOS. Since the third switching tube Q3 needs to be kept in the on state all the time, the source voltage needs to be always greater than the gate voltage, and the source voltage is also always greater than the voltage of the third dc signal Vout, i.e., the minimum voltage difference is the leakage voltage of the third switching tube Q3. The third switching tube Q3 is a second switching device.
The specific regulation process of the voltage stabilizing module 102 is that when Vout is reduced due to load variation or other reasons, if the output of the regulating module 103 is not controlled, the potential of the first input end of the second comparator 303 is reduced, the voltage difference between the potential of the first input end of the second comparator 303 and the potential (Vref 2) of the second input end is increased, the second comparator 303 reduces the output accordingly, so that the gate potential of the third switching tube Q3 is reduced, the Vs voltage is unchanged, and further, the voltage difference of the voltage |vgs| between the gate and the source is increased, the current Isd between the gate and the drain is increased, the output current Isd is increased, so that Vout is increased, and one feedback control is completed, so that Vout returns to the normal potential.
Based on the above-mentioned circuit, after the feedback adjustment of the control adjustment module 103 is added, the second control electrical signal Vctr2 input by the first input end of the second comparator 303 is compared with the reference voltage Vref2 input by the second input end of the voltage stabilizing module 102 to obtain a second control voltage difference, and the second control logic circuit 302 outputs a PWM control signal with a duty ratio corresponding to the second control electrical signal Vctr2 based on the input second control voltage difference, so as to control the gate voltage of the third switching tube Q3 in the second switching device 301, thereby more precisely controlling the voltage of the third dc electrical signal Vout finally output.
The first control electric signal Vctr1 and the second control electric signal Vctr2 input to the feedback terminals of the switching power supply module 101 and the voltage stabilizing module 102 are output by the control adjustment module 103.
The control adjustment module 103 is configured to generate a second control electrical signal based on a voltage difference between the third direct current electrical signal and a preset target voltage value, and control the voltage stabilizing module to obtain a voltage of a control electrode of the second switching device based on the second control electrical signal, so as to perform a second voltage conversion process on the second direct current electrical signal, and obtain a third direct current electrical signal approaching to the preset target voltage value.
The control adjustment module 103 is configured to generate a first control electrical signal based on the second dc electrical signal, the third dc electrical signal, and the leakage voltage of the second switching device, and control the first switching device in the switching power supply module 101 to be turned on or off based on the first control electrical signal.
The voltage difference between the second dc electrical signal and the third dc electrical signal fluctuates up and down within a preset range of the leakage voltage of the second switching device, so that the voltage difference between the input voltage and the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing module 102 is minimum, higher energy conversion efficiency is ensured, and high-precision control of the output signal (the third dc signal Vout) is realized by controlling the adjusting module 103, and voltage ripple and noise are smaller.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, the control adjustment module 103 includes a controller MCU, a first digital-to-analog converter DAC1, a first analog-to-digital converter ADC1, a second digital-to-analog converter DAC2, and a second analog-to-digital converter ADC2, where the controller MCU is connected to the first digital-to-analog converter DAC1, the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1, the second digital-to-analog converter DAC2, and the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2, and in one embodiment, may be communicatively connected through a serial interface bus SPI/I2C. Wherein:
The second analog-to-digital converter ADC2 is connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing module 102, and the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2 is configured to convert the third dc electrical signal Vout into a third digital signal, and output the third digital signal.
The controller MCU is connected with the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2, and is used for acquiring a third digital signal and determining a second control digital signal based on a voltage difference between the third digital signal and a preset target voltage value.
The second digital-to-analog converter DAC2 is connected to the controller MCU, and the second digital-to-analog converter DAC2 is configured to convert the second control digital signal into a second control electrical signal Vctr2.
The first analog-to-digital converter ADC1 is connected to the output end of the switching power supply module 101, and the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1 is configured to convert the second direct current electric signal Vmid into a second digital signal, and output the second digital signal.
The controller MCU is connected with the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1, and is used for acquiring a second digital signal and determining a first control digital signal based on the second digital signal, the third digital signal and the leakage voltage of the second switching device.
The first digital-to-analog converter DAC1 is connected to the controller MCU, and the first digital-to-analog converter DAC1 is configured to convert the first control digital signal into a first control electrical signal Vctr1.
In some embodiments, the switching power supply module 101 and the voltage stabilizing module 102 each have some peripheral processing circuits, please refer to fig. 5, and further include a first signal processing module and a second signal processing module, wherein the first signal processing module is the peripheral processing circuit of the switching power supply module 101, and the second signal processing module is the peripheral processing circuit of the voltage stabilizing module 102.
In some embodiments, the first signal processing module comprises a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13 and an inductor L11, wherein:
One end of a resistor R13 is connected with the output end of the first digital-to-analog converter DAC1, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected with one end of a resistor R11 and one end of a resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the output end of the switching power supply module 101, one end of a capacitor C11 is connected with the input end of the switching power supply module 101, the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected with the ground, and one end of the resistor R13, which is connected with the resistor R11 and the resistor R12, is used for outputting a first control electric signal Vctr1 to the feedback end of the switching power supply module 101. The resistor R11 and the resistor R12 form a voltage dividing circuit for adjusting the voltage of the signal input to the feedback end of the switching power supply module 101, the resistor R13 is used for dividing and limiting the voltage of the signal input to the input end of the switching power supply module 101, and the capacitor C11 can stabilize the voltage of the signal.
One end of the resistor R14 is connected with one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the ground, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with one end of the capacitor C13, and the other end of the capacitor C13 is connected with the ground, wherein one end of the resistor R14 connected with the resistor R15 is used for being connected with the input end of the first analog-digital converter ADC1, and one end of the resistor R14 connected with the capacitor C13 is used for being connected with the output end of the switching power supply module 101. The resistors R14 and R15 are used for dividing the second dc electrical signal Vmid output by the switching power supply module 101 and outputting the divided second dc electrical signal Vmid to the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1, and the capacitor C13 is used for stabilizing the voltage of the signal input to the first analog-to-digital converter ADC 1.
One end of the inductor L11 is connected to the output end of the switching power supply module 101, the other end of the inductor L11 is connected to one end of the capacitor C12, the other end of the capacitor C12 is connected to the ground, and the end, connected to the inductor L11, of the capacitor C12 is used for outputting the second direct current electric signal Vmid. The inductor L11 and the capacitor C12 form an LC filter circuit, so that the second dc electric signal Vmid can be stably output.
In some embodiments, the second signal processing module comprises a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R25, a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22 and a capacitor C23, wherein:
One end of a resistor R23 is connected with the output end of the second digital-analog converter DAC2, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with one end of a resistor R21 and one end of a resistor R22, the other end of the resistor R21 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module 102, one end of a capacitor C21 is connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing module 102, the other end of the capacitor C21 is connected with the ground, and one end of the resistor R23, which is connected with the resistor R21 and the resistor R22, is used for outputting a second control electric signal Vctr2 to the feedback end of the voltage stabilizing module 102. The resistor R21 and the resistor R22 form a voltage dividing circuit for adjusting the voltage of the signal input to the feedback end of the voltage stabilizing module 102, the resistor R23 is used for dividing and limiting the voltage of the signal input to the input end of the voltage stabilizing module 102, and the capacitor C21 can stabilize the voltage of the signal.
One end of the resistor R24 is connected with one end of the resistor R25, the other end of the resistor R25 is connected with the ground, the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with one end of the capacitor C23, the other end of the capacitor C23 is connected with the ground, one end of the resistor R24 connected with the resistor R25 is used for being connected with the input end of the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2, one end of the resistor R24 connected with the capacitor C23 is used for being connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module 102, the resistor R24 and the resistor R25 are used for dividing the third direct-current electric signal Vout output by the voltage stabilizing module 102 and then outputting the divided third direct-current electric signal Vout to the second analog-to-digital converter ADC2, and the capacitor C23 is used for stabilizing the voltage of a signal input to the second analog-to-digital converter ADC 2.
One end of the capacitor C22 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module 102, and the other end of the capacitor C22 is connected with the ground. The capacitor C22 is used for stabilizing the voltage output by the voltage stabilizing module 102.
In some embodiments, the drop-out voltage of the second switching device may be determined by:
(1) And since the leakage voltage V dropout should not be smaller than the difference between the input voltage and the output voltage of the voltage stabilizing module 102, in order to obtain greater energy conversion efficiency and meet the requirement of the minimum voltage drop of the voltage stabilizing module 102, V dropout =V_mid-V_out, wherein V_mid is the target output voltage of the switching power module 101, namely, the target value of Vmid, and V_out is the preset target voltage value, namely, the target value of Vout.
In one embodiment, V dropout may be increased appropriately to ensure circuit stability during actual engineering operations, V dropout =v_mid-v_out- σ.
(2) The leakage voltage of the second switching device is determined according to the load Current I load and a preset scaling factor K, and as shown in fig. 6, the leakage voltage V dropout (Dropout Volvage) varies in proportion to the load Current I load (Output Current), so as to obtain the leakage voltage V dropout=K × Iload .
In the above-mentioned manner (2), the load current I load needs to be detected, and referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, the load current I load of the dc regulated power supply circuit may be obtained by detecting the current at the output end of the voltage regulator module 102 through the load current detection module 104 connected to the output end of the voltage regulator module 102.
Referring to fig. 8, in an embodiment, the load current detection module 104 includes a detection resistor Rsensor, a differential voltage detection unit 701 and a third analog-to-digital converter ADC3, wherein one end of the detection resistor Rsensor is connected to an output end of the voltage stabilizing module 102, the other end of the detection resistor Rsensor is used for outputting a load current I load, the differential voltage detection unit 701 has a first input end and a second input end, the first input end of the differential voltage detection unit 701 is connected to one end of the detection resistor Rsensor, the second input end of the differential voltage detection unit 701 is connected to the other end of the detection resistor Rsensor, the differential voltage amplification unit 701 is used for acquiring a voltage difference between two ends of the detection resistor Rsensor, and outputting a voltage difference signal, wherein the voltage difference signal is used for representing a magnitude of a load current, and the third analog-to-digital converter ADC3 is connected to an output end of the differential voltage detection unit 701 and is used for converting the voltage difference signal into a digital voltage difference signal and outputting the digital voltage difference signal to the controller MCU.
Since the differential pressure across the detection resistor Rsensor is very small, the detected differential pressure is directly output to the controller MCU for detection, and the detection accuracy of the controller MCU may not be enough, in an embodiment, the differential pressure detection unit 701 is further configured to amplify the acquired differential pressure signal across the detection resistor, and send the amplified differential pressure signal to the controller MCU through the third analog-to-digital converter ADC 3.
In an embodiment, the differential voltage amplifying unit 701 may include a third comparator 7011, a fourth switching tube Q4, and a Mirror constant Current source (Current Mirror) 7022, where a first input end of the third comparator 7011 is connected to one end of a detection resistor Rsensor through a resistor R31, a second input end of the third comparator 7011 is connected to the other end of the detection resistor Rsensor through a resistor R32, an output end of the third comparator 7011 is connected to a control electrode of the fourth switching tube Q4, a first electrode of the fourth switching tube Q4 is connected to a first input end of the third comparator 7011, a second electrode of the fourth switching tube Q4 is connected to an input end of the Mirror constant Current source 7022, an output end of the Mirror constant Current source 7022 is connected to a third analog-to-digital converter ADC3, and a resistor R33 is further connected between an output end of the Mirror constant Current source 7022 and ground. In this way, the voltage difference across the detection resistor Rsensor is detected by the third comparator 7011, amplified by the fourth switching tube Q4, and output, and the mirror constant current source 7022 is used to provide the bias current for the fourth switching tube Q4.
Referring to fig. 9, in some embodiments, a dynamic voltage regulation method of a dc voltage-stabilized power supply circuit is provided, including the following steps:
in the initialized state:
Step 901, the controller MCU outputs a second control electrical signal Vctr2 to the voltage stabilizing module 102 through the second DAC2 according to the voltage v_out of the set target output dc electrical signal, where the voltage corresponding to the second control electrical signal Vctr2 in the initial state is as follows:
Vctr2= Vref2(1+R23/R21+R23/R22) -V_out (R23/R21);
Wherein, R 21 is the resistance value of the resistor R21, R 22 is the resistance value of the resistor R22, R 23 is the resistance value of the resistor R23, V ctr2 is the voltage corresponding to the second control electrical signal, v_out is the preset target voltage value, and V ref2 is the reference voltage of the voltage stabilizing module.
In step 902, the controller MCU outputs the first control electric signal Vctr1 to the switching power supply module 101 through the first DAC1 according to the set target voltage V_mid, and the voltage corresponding to the first control electric signal Vctr1 in the initial state is as follows:
Vctr1= Vref1(1+R13/R11+R13/R12)- V_mid (R13/R11);
Wherein, R 13 is the resistance value of the resistor R13, R 11 is the resistance value of the resistor R11, R 12 is the resistance value of the resistor R12, V ctr1 is the voltage corresponding to the first control electrical signal, v_mid is the target voltage output by the switching power supply module 101, and V ref1 is the reference voltage of the switching power supply module.
In one embodiment, as defined in the above-described mode (1) for the leakage voltage, V dropout = v_mid-v_out- σ, then v_mid = v_out+v dropout +σ, then there is:
Vctr1= Vref1(1+R13/R11+R13/R12)- (V_out +Vdropout+σ) (R13/R11);
Wherein, R 13 is the resistance value of the resistor R13, R 11 is the resistance value of the resistor R11, R 12 is the resistance value of the resistor R12, V ctr1 is the voltage corresponding to the first control electrical signal, v_out is the preset target voltage value, V dropout is the leakage voltage, σ is the correction margin factor of the leakage voltage, and V ref1 is the reference voltage of the switching power supply module.
At this time, assuming that the load current is I load, the power Ploss lost at the voltage stabilizing module 102 is ploss=iload× (v_mid-v_out), and since the energy conversion efficiency of the switching power supply module 101 is very high, the power Ploss lost at the voltage stabilizing module 102 is the main cause of the energy conversion efficiency loss of the whole dc voltage stabilizing power supply circuit, and the higher energy conversion efficiency can be obtained when the voltage stabilizing module 102 is guaranteed to operate near the minimum voltage requirement of V dropout.
In another embodiment, the drop-out voltage is defined in manner (2), V dropout=K × Iload. If the calculation is performed according to the circuit of the load current detection module 104 shown in fig. 8, V dropout =k×vdet/(g×rsensor), where Rsensor is the resistance value of the detection resistor, vdet is the voltage difference across the detection resistor, and G is the voltage gain factor.
It should be noted that, the difference between the present embodiment and the above embodiment is only that the manner of calculating the leakage voltage V dropout is different, and the other matters are the same, and the description is not repeated here.
After the above steps 902 and 903, a dynamic adjustment state is entered:
In step 903, the controller MCU compares the actual third DC signal Vout obtained by the second ADC2 with the voltage V_out corresponding to the target output DC signal to obtain DeltaVout = V_out-Vout.
In step 904, the controller MCU adjusts the second control electric signal Vctr2 in real time according to the DeltaVout, so that the third DC electric signal Vout approaches to the voltage V_out corresponding to the target output DC electric signal, thereby realizing closed-loop control and obtaining the third DC electric signal with high precision, low ripple and low noise.
In step 905, the controller MCU compares the actual second DC electric signal Vmid obtained by the first analog-to-digital converter ADC1 with the target voltage V_mid output by the switching power supply module 101 to obtain ΔVmid = V_mid-Vmid.
In step 906, the controller MCU adjusts the first control electric signal Vctr1 in real time according to the DeltaVmid so as to enable the second direct current electric signal Vmid to approach the target voltage V_mid, thereby realizing closed-loop control and obtaining higher conversion efficiency and wide-range output characteristics under the condition of ensuring the minimum V dropout requirement.
Referring to fig. 10, the embodiment of the present application further provides a measuring device, which may be, but not limited to, an electronic measuring device such as an oscilloscope, a spectrum analyzer, etc., and may include a conversion circuit 1001, a dc voltage-stabilizing power circuit 1002, and one or more load circuits 1003, where the conversion circuit 1001 is configured to perform dc conversion on an input ac signal and output a first dc signal, the dc voltage-stabilizing power circuit 1002 is configured to perform voltage conversion processing on the first dc signal to output a third dc signal, and the third dc signal is configured to provide the dc power signal to the load circuit 1003, and the load circuit 1003 may be a clock circuit, a processing circuit, etc. in the measuring device.
Reference is made to various exemplary embodiments herein. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes and modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope herein. For example, the various operational steps and components used to perform the operational steps may be implemented in different ways (e.g., one or more steps may be deleted, modified, or combined into other steps) depending on the particular application or taking into account any number of cost functions associated with the operation of the system.
Additionally, as will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, the principles herein may be reflected in a computer program product on a computer readable storage medium preloaded with computer readable program code. Any tangible, non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be used, including magnetic storage devices (hard disks, floppy disks, etc.), optical storage devices (CD-ROMs, DVDs, blu-Ray disks, etc.), flash memory, and/or the like. These computer program instructions may be loaded onto a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus create means for implementing the functions specified. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including means which implement the function specified. The computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified.
While the principles herein have been shown in various embodiments, many modifications of structure, arrangement, proportions, elements, materials, and components, which are particularly adapted to specific environments and operative requirements, may be used without departing from the principles and scope of the present disclosure. The above modifications and other changes or modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this document.
The foregoing detailed description has been described with reference to various embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure is to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive in character, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope thereof. Also, advantages, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to various embodiments. The benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any element(s) that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature. The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, system, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the term "couple" and any other variants thereof are used herein to refer to physical connections, electrical connections, magnetic connections, optical connections, communication connections, functional connections, and/or any other connection.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes may be made to the details of the above-described embodiments without departing from the underlying principles of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined from the following claims.
Claims (11)
1. A dc regulated power supply circuit, comprising:
The switching power supply module is used for carrying out first voltage conversion processing on an input first direct current signal through the on or off of the first switching device and outputting a required second direct current signal;
The voltage stabilizing module is used for carrying out second voltage conversion processing on the second direct current signal acquired from the switching power supply module based on the voltage of a control electrode of the second switching device and outputting a required third direct current signal;
The control and regulation module is connected with the switching power supply module to form a first control closed loop and is used for generating a first control electric signal based on the second direct current electric signal, the third direct current electric signal and the leakage voltage of the second switching device and controlling the first switching device in the switching power supply module to be turned on or turned off based on the first control electric signal;
The control and regulation module is used for generating a second control electric signal based on the voltage difference between the third direct current electric signal and a preset target voltage value and controlling the voltage stabilizing module to acquire the voltage of a control electrode of the second switching device based on the second control electric signal so as to perform second voltage conversion processing on the second direct current electric signal to acquire the third direct current electric signal approaching to the preset target voltage value;
the first voltage conversion process is different from the second voltage conversion process, and a voltage difference between the second direct current electric signal and the third direct current electric signal is in a preset range of the leakage voltage of the second switching device and fluctuates.
2. The DC regulated power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein the control and regulation module comprises a controller, a first digital-to-analog converter, a first analog-to-digital converter, a second digital-to-analog converter, and a second analog-to-digital converter;
the second analog-to-digital converter is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module and is used for converting the third direct-current electric signal into a third digital signal and outputting the third digital signal;
The controller is connected with the second analog-to-digital converter and is used for acquiring the third digital signal and determining a second control digital signal based on the voltage difference between the third digital signal and the preset target voltage value;
The second digital-to-analog converter is connected with the controller and is used for converting the second control digital signal into a second control electric signal;
The first analog-to-digital converter is connected with the output end of the switching power supply module and is used for converting the second direct-current electric signal into a second digital signal and outputting the second digital signal;
The controller is connected with the first analog-to-digital converter and is used for acquiring the second digital signal and determining a first control digital signal based on the second digital signal, the third digital signal and the leakage voltage of the second switching device;
the first digital-to-analog converter is connected with the controller and used for converting the first control digital signal into a first control electric signal.
3. The dc regulated power supply circuit of claim 2, further comprising:
the control and regulation module is used for determining the leakage voltage of the second switching device according to the target output voltage of the switching power supply module and the preset target voltage value, or
The control and regulation module is used for obtaining the load current of the direct-current stabilized power supply circuit and determining the leakage voltage of the second switching device according to the load current and a preset scale factor.
4. The dc regulated power supply circuit of claim 3, further comprising:
and the load current detection module is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module and is used for detecting the current of the output end of the voltage stabilizing module so as to acquire the load current of the direct-current voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit.
5. The dc regulated power supply circuit of claim 4, wherein said load current detection module comprises:
one end of the detection resistor is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module, and the other end of the detection resistor is used for outputting the load current;
the differential pressure detection unit is provided with a first input end and a second input end, wherein the first input end is connected with one end of the detection resistor, the second input end is connected with the other end of the detection resistor, and the differential pressure amplification unit is used for acquiring the voltage difference between two ends of the detection resistor and outputting a voltage difference signal;
And the third analog-to-digital converter is connected with the output end of the differential pressure detection unit and is used for converting the differential pressure signal into a digital differential pressure signal and outputting the digital differential pressure signal to the controller.
6. The dc voltage-stabilized power supply circuit of claim 5, wherein said voltage difference detecting unit is further configured to amplify the obtained voltage difference signal across the detecting resistor.
7. The DC regulated power supply circuit of claim 2, further comprising a first signal processing module, wherein the first signal processing module comprises a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a capacitor C11, a capacitor C12, a capacitor C13, and an inductor L11;
One end of the resistor R13 is connected with the output end of the first digital-to-analog converter, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected with one end of the resistor R11 and one end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the output end of the switch power supply module, one end of the capacitor C11 is connected with the input end of the switch power supply module, the other end of the capacitor C11 is connected with the ground, one end of the resistor R13 connected with the resistor R11 and the resistor R12 is used for outputting the first control electric signal to the feedback end of the switch power supply module, and the other end of the resistor R12 is grounded;
One end of the resistor R14 is connected with one end of the resistor R15, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the ground, the other end of the resistor R14 is connected with one end of the capacitor C13, and the other end of the capacitor C13 is connected with the ground, wherein one end of the resistor R14 connected with the resistor R15 is used for being connected with the input end of the first analog-digital converter, and one end of the resistor R14 connected with the capacitor C13 is used for being connected with the output end of the switching power supply module;
one end of the inductor L11 is connected with the output end of the switching power supply module, the other end of the inductor L11 is connected with one end of the capacitor C12, the other end of the capacitor C12 is connected with the ground, and one end, connected with the inductor L11 and the capacitor C12, of the inductor L11 is used for outputting a second direct-current electric signal.
8. The DC regulated power supply circuit of claim 7, further comprising a second signal processing module, wherein the second signal processing module comprises a resistor R21, a resistor R22, a resistor R23, a resistor R24, a resistor R25, a capacitor C21, a capacitor C22, and a capacitor C23;
One end of the resistor R23 is connected with the output end of the second digital-to-analog converter, the other end of the resistor R23 is connected with one end of the resistor R21 and one end of the resistor R22, the other end of the resistor R21 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module, one end of the capacitor C21 is connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing module, the other end of the capacitor C21 is connected with the ground, one end of the resistor R23 connected with the resistor R21 and the resistor R22 is used for outputting the second control electric signal to the feedback end of the voltage stabilizing module, and the other end of the resistor R22 is grounded;
one end of the resistor R24 is connected with one end of the resistor R25, the other end of the resistor R25 is connected with the ground, the other end of the resistor R24 is connected with one end of the capacitor C23, and the other end of the capacitor C23 is connected with the ground, wherein one end of the resistor R24 connected with the resistor R25 is used for being connected with the input end of the second analog-digital converter, and one end of the resistor R24 connected with the capacitor C23 is used for being connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module;
one end of the capacitor C22 is connected with the output end of the voltage stabilizing module, and the other end of the capacitor C22 is connected with the ground.
9. The DC regulated power supply circuit of claim 8, wherein,
The direct-current stabilized power supply circuit at least has an initial state, wherein,
In the initial state:
determining the second control electrical signal according to the following expression:
Vctr2= Vref2(1+R23/R21+R23/R22) -V_out (R23/R21);
Wherein, R 21 is the resistance value of the resistor R21, R 22 is the resistance value of the resistor R22, R 23 is the resistance value of the resistor R23, V ctr2 is the voltage corresponding to the second control electrical signal, v_out is the preset target voltage value, and V ref2 is the reference voltage of the voltage stabilizing module;
determining the first control electrical signal according to the following expression:
Vctr1= Vref1(1+R13/R11+R13/R12)- (V_out +Vdropout+σ) (R13/R11);
Wherein, R 13 is the resistance value of the resistor R13, R 11 is the resistance value of the resistor R11, R 12 is the resistance value of the resistor R12, V ctr1 is the voltage corresponding to the first control electrical signal, v_out is the preset target voltage value, V dropout is the leakage voltage, σ is the correction margin factor of the leakage voltage, and V ref1 is the reference voltage of the switching power supply module.
10. The direct-current stabilized power supply circuit according to any one of claims 2 to 9, further comprising:
a serial interface bus for communicating between the controller and the first digital-to-analog converter, the first analog-to-digital converter, the second digital-to-analog converter, and the second analog-to-digital converter.
11. A measurement device, comprising:
The conversion circuit is used for carrying out direct current conversion on the input alternating current signal and outputting a first direct current signal;
A dc regulated power supply circuit, which is the circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, for performing voltage conversion processing on the first dc signal to output a third dc signal;
One or more load circuits, the third direct current electrical signal for providing a direct current power signal to the load circuits.
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