CN119362125A - A reverse-pumped high-power fiber amplifier - Google Patents
A reverse-pumped high-power fiber amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN119362125A CN119362125A CN202411895915.3A CN202411895915A CN119362125A CN 119362125 A CN119362125 A CN 119362125A CN 202411895915 A CN202411895915 A CN 202411895915A CN 119362125 A CN119362125 A CN 119362125A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/042—Arrangements for thermal management for solid state lasers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power optical fiber amplifier of reverse pumping, which adopts a reverse pumping technology to realize optical fiber pumping and amplification under high power, a simple isolator under the wavelength of signal light is formed by combining two double-color mirrors, the signal light with higher power is prevented from radiating into a pumping source to cause damage to devices, the mounting structure of a first lens and a second lens is designed, the first lens and the second lens which are correspondingly mounted can be driven to carry out X, Y, Z-axis and pitching angle adjustment through a lens mounting component, the heat generated by a pumping surface is dispersed through an end cap, so that the mode instability caused by the heat effect in a photonic crystal optical fiber is reduced, and meanwhile, the water cooling component can clamp end caps with various sizes and carry out water cooling temperature control on the end caps.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-power fiber lasers, in particular to a reverse pumping high-power fiber amplifier.
Background
With the continuous development of ultra-fast laser performance in recent decades, the application prospect of high-energy and high-peak power femtosecond lasers in science, medical treatment, industry and the like is more and more concerned, and the requirements on reliability, power, flexible repetition rate and price are higher and higher. Because of the excellent characteristics of the optical fiber, such as cost effectiveness, special compactness, high stability, especially ytterbium-doped fiber lasers, the optical pump efficiency and the large gain bandwidth are high. The development of fiber lasers has made tremendous progress by employing chirped pulse amplification techniques. The high-energy ultrafast femtosecond laser system has great demands in various fields such as high-precision industrial processing, clinical surgery, high-harmonic generation and the like.
However, due to the small mode field area and long transmission length limitations, the pulse energy and peak power scale of ultrafast fiber lasers are severely limited by unwanted nonlinear effects. In general, the threshold for nonlinear effects is proportional to the mode field diameter and inversely proportional to the length of the mode field. However, the increase of the fiber mode field diameter causes the occurrence of higher order modes, which deteriorates the quality of the output beam, and thus the fiber mode field diameter cannot be arbitrarily increased to mitigate the nonlinear effect. In previous studies, large mode field fibers with specially designed thermal transistor-inhibiting structures have been developed to increase pulse energy and peak power of ultrafast lasers, such as photonic crystal fibers, large-pitch fibers, and chiral coupling core fibers. Among them, photonic crystal fiber is a promising technology that can amplify ultra-short pulses to high average power and attenuate nonlinear accumulation during amplification. The laser output with high energy needs to rely on the pump light input with high power and the main amplifying optical fiber with high gain, compared with the traditional signal light and pump light which are amplified by the optical fiber combiner in the same direction coupling way, the beam power born by the reverse pumping technology can reach hundreds of watts, and the research has proved that the gain efficiency of the reverse pumping technology is high compared with that of the forward pumping technology. The reverse pumping technology is to collect the pump light into the cladding of the main amplifying stage fiber after the collimation of the space optical system, so that the pump light continuously oscillates in the cladding to achieve high gain benefit.
In order to obtain the beam quality output light spot with the near diffraction limit, the traditional method generally comprises the steps of fixing the relative positions of an optical fiber coupling collimation device and a rear-stage optical path, then connecting the optical fiber coupling collimation device and the rear-stage optical path in an optical fiber welding mode, wherein the on-site treatment, packaging and protection of the external melting point of the high-power optical fiber, thermal effect control and integral control of a pumping optical system become key factors for power improvement of the high-power laser, but the on-site environment pollution prevention requirement is high, the operation is complex, the fault tolerance is low, and the reliability is difficult to guarantee.
The existing high-power fiber laser with a reverse pumping mode has the following problems:
(1) The signal light with higher power formed by optical fiber coupling under high pumping power can radiate into the semiconductor laser, so that the device is damaged;
(2) The thermal effect at the connection of the end cap and the amplifying-stage optical fiber cannot be precisely controlled, so that the mode is unstable;
(3) The influence of environmental factors in the free space optical path, such as air dust, external vibration, noise, pumping waste heat, low pumping efficiency, unstable output beam and the like;
(4) When different lens coupling combinations are needed to be replaced, the lens combinations cannot be uniformly collimated by the same device, and the device is correspondingly changed when the focal length lens combinations are replaced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background technology, the invention provides a reverse pumping high-power optical fiber amplifier, which adopts a reverse pumping technology to realize optical fiber pumping and amplification under high power, prevents signal light with higher power from radiating into a pumping source-semiconductor laser to cause damage to devices, realizes cooling and temperature control at the joint of an end cap and an amplifying-stage optical fiber, has good sealing performance, avoids the influence of environmental factors on a free space optical path in pumping light, integrates a reverse pumping module and the output of the optical fiber laser, realizes synchronous input and output, is convenient and adjustable (can realize adjustable combination installation of various lenses), and is safe, reliable and convenient to adjust.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The invention provides a reverse pumping high-power optical fiber amplifier, which comprises an outer shell, a pumping source, a seed source, a space light collimation focusing assembly, an end cap, a clamping water cooling assembly and an amplifying-stage optical fiber, wherein the end cap is arranged on the outer shell;
The space light collimation focusing assembly and the clamping water cooling assembly are both arranged in the outer shell, the space light collimation focusing assembly comprises a first lens, a first dichroic mirror, a second dichroic mirror and a second lens which are sequentially arranged, the amplifying-stage optical fiber and the second lens are oppositely arranged, one end, close to the second lens, of the second amplifying-stage optical fiber is provided with the end cap, the clamping water cooling assembly is fixedly arranged in the outer shell, and the end cap is clamped, fixed, cooled and cooled;
The signal light output by the seed source positively enters the amplifying-stage optical fiber, the pump light output by the pump source enters the outer shell through the pump output optical fiber, is collimated by the first lens, is focused by the second lens after passing through the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror, and then reversely enters the amplifying-stage optical fiber after passing through the end cap, the amplifying-stage optical fiber carries out coupling amplification on the received pump light and the signal light and positively outputs the amplified signal light, and the amplified signal light is collimated by the second lens and is reflected and output by the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror.
Specifically, a signal output optical fiber for transmitting signal light is connected between the seed source and the amplifying-stage optical fiber, wherein the amplifying-stage optical fiber comprises a photonic crystal optical fiber, a large-mode-field double-cladding optical fiber, a single-crystal optical fiber and the like, and can be selected according to different signal light wavelengths. The seed source can be input by fiber lasers with different wave bands, including but not limited to ytterbium-doped 1030nm seed source, erbium-doped 1550nm laser and the like. The system adopts an optical fiber laser or a semiconductor laser, and the wavelength of the signal light output by the seed source is matched with the amplifying-stage optical fiber.
The output end of the pump source is connected with a pump output optical fiber for transmitting pump light, in a specific embodiment, a semiconductor laser is used as the pump light source, the output power of the pump light source is up to 400W, and the pump light is collimated and focused by combining a backward pump (forward direction refers to the transmission direction of signal light sent by a seed source) with a space light collimation focusing assembly, so that the pump light is incident into a cladding of the amplifying-stage optical fiber with the optimal light spot size and proper numerical aperture.
The reverse pumping is to output the pumping light in space, to be collimated and focused by using a space lens combination, and to be finally coupled into the inner cladding of the amplifying-stage optical fiber, wherein the diameter of the inner cladding is several times of that of the optical fiber core, so that the coupling efficiency of the pumping light can be improved by tens of times, the loss of the pumping light during the optical fiber coupling can be reduced, the pulse amplification efficiency can be improved, and meanwhile, most of the pumping is absorbed and consumed, and the heat radiation of the residual light is reduced.
The working principle of the reverse pumping high-power optical fiber amplifier in the invention is as follows:
The signal light output by the seed source is transmitted through the signal output optical fiber and positively enters the amplifying-stage optical fiber, the pump light output by the pump source enters the inner part of the outer shell through the pump output optical fiber, the pump light is collimated through the first lens, then is focused through the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror, then is reversely input into the amplifying-stage optical fiber after passing through the end cap, the amplifying-stage optical fiber carries out coupling amplification on the received pump light and the signal light and positively outputs the amplified signal light (the forward direction refers to the transmission direction of the signal light sent by the seed source), and the amplified signal light is reflected and output through the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror after being collimated through the second lens.
In the case of a high-power signal light output, if only one side of the dichroic mirror is provided, the dichroic mirror is a dichroic mirror (a mirror coated on both sides), and the coating characteristics are high transmittance to pump light and high reflectance to signal light, but the accuracy of coating is not high enough to reflect 100% of signal light at present, for example, the accuracy of coating is 98% to reflect 2% of signal light, and in this case, when the output power is 100W, light of approximately 2W enters the pump source-semiconductor laser, and the device is damaged. In order to solve the isolation problem under the high signal light output in the optical fiber coupling under the high pumping power, the invention combines two double-color mirrors to form a simple isolator under the signal light wavelength so as to prevent the high signal light from radiating into the pumping source-semiconductor laser and damaging the device.
In addition, in order to solve the problem that the unit area of the pumping light receiving surface bears the power under the high-power pumping, the heat generated by the pumping surface is dispersed through the end caps, so that the mode instability caused by the thermal effect in the photonic crystal fiber is reduced, and meanwhile, the end caps with various sizes can be clamped by the clamping water cooling assembly, and the water cooling assembly is subjected to water cooling and temperature control.
In order to avoid the influence of external environmental factors on a free space light path in the back pumping space pumping light, the design of the closed complete machine can avoid the influence of external vibration, noise and surplus pumping light waste heat, the back pumping module and the output of the fiber laser are integrated, synchronous input and output are realized, high-power laser pumping light collimation and coupling and collimation of amplified signal light are realized, the device is convenient and adjustable (the adjustable combined installation of various lenses can be realized), and the device is safe and reliable and convenient to adjust.
Further, the mounting structures of the first lens and the second lens are the same, the first lens and the second lens are mounted in the outer shell through a lens mounting assembly, the lens mounting assembly comprises a lens barrel, a clamping seat, a lens frame, a transverse mounting seat and a vertical mounting seat, the lens is mounted in the lens barrel, the lens frame is of an L-shaped structure, a mounting hole is formed in the transverse portion of the lens frame, the clamping seat is mounted in the mounting hole, the lens barrel is mounted on the clamping seat in the mounting hole, the position of the lens barrel in the X-axis direction can be adjusted through rotating the lens barrel, one or more first waist-shaped adjusting grooves are formed in the vertical mounting seat in the length direction, the vertical portion of the lens frame is correspondingly matched with the vertical mounting seat through matching of a locking bolt and a nut, one end of the vertical mounting seat is provided with the transverse mounting seat, one or more second waist-shaped adjusting grooves are formed in the transverse mounting seat in the X-axis direction, and the transverse mounting seat is matched with the outer shell through matching of a locking bolt and a nut.
In order to solve the isolation problem under the high signal light output in optical fiber coupling under high pumping power, the invention combines two double-color mirrors to form a simple isolator under the signal light wavelength so as to prevent the high signal light from radiating into a pumping source-semiconductor laser and damaging a device.
However, in practical applications, the inventor has found that the optical path difference between the two lenses is problematic due to the fact that the optical path difference between the two lenses is calculated according to the actual thickness of the two lenses, and the X-axis positions (positions in the optical axis direction) of the first lens and the second lens need to be adjusted accordingly. In addition, when the optical fibers of different pump lights and the optical fibers of different amplifying stages are adopted, the lens combinations are different due to the fact that the different diameters of the fiber cores, the installation positions of the lenses also need to be changed, the installation structure of the lenses in the prior art is of a welding fixed type, the installation positions of the lenses are inconvenient to adjust, the lens combinations cannot be collimated by the same device, and the device is changed when the focal length lens combinations are changed.
In the invention, the mounting structure of the first lens and the second lens is designed, specifically, the lens mounting component is adopted as a five-dimensional adjustable mirror bracket, that is, the lens mounting component can drive the correspondingly mounted first lens and second lens to adjust X, Y, Z axes and pitching angles. This lens installation component adopts lens mirror holder, horizontal mount pad and vertical mount pad cooperation, first waist type adjustment tank and the locking bolt cooperation on the vertical mount pad of vertical portion through the lens mirror holder of L type structure, realized carrying out the regulation of Z axle direction (accommodation range is within 10 mm) to the lens, second waist type adjustment tank and the locking bolt cooperation on the horizontal mount pad have realized carrying out the regulation of X axle direction (accommodation range is within 10 mm) to the lens, through the cooperation at cassette and lens cone, the distance fine adjustment of micron level can be carried out to the position of lens along X axle direction (optical axis direction) to the rotation lens cone, be applicable to the mirror lens (thickness can 2-10 mm) of most common thicknesses on the market, can adjust the pitch angle of lens through rotating the lens mirror holder during the installation, in addition, install Y axle and Z axle fine setting knob on the lens mirror holder, through controlling corresponding fine setting knob, fine setting is carried out to the position of lens in Y axle and Z axle direction.
Further, the clamping water cooling assembly comprises a base, a clamping lower seat and a clamping upper seat, wherein the base is installed inside the outer shell, the clamping lower seat is detachably installed on the base, the clamping upper seat is detachably installed on the top of the clamping lower seat, V-shaped clamping grooves matched with the outer sides of the end caps for clamping and fixing are formed in the bottom of the clamping upper seat and the top of the clamping lower seat, the clamping lower seat and the clamping upper seat are made of copper materials, and cooling channels are formed in the clamping lower seat and the clamping upper seat.
Two copper blocks with V-shaped clamping grooves are matched for use, a square through hole with a certain length is formed in the butt joint middle of the upper clamping seat and the lower clamping seat, the cylindrical part of the end cap can be firmly fixed, a cooling channel is formed in the upper clamping seat and the lower clamping seat and used for cooling, the end cap is cooled and the temperature is controlled, and therefore the heat of the high-energy pumping and output lower optical fiber connector is reduced. Moreover, the clamping upper seat and the clamping lower seat are both detachably mounted, the clamping upper seat and the clamping lower seat which are matched with each other can be replaced according to the end caps (the sizes of the end caps are adjusted according to the applicability of the lens combination), and the applicability of the device is stronger.
Further, U-shaped grooves are formed in the upper portions of the front side and the rear side of the clamping lower seat, the bottoms of the U-shaped grooves are matched with the base through fastening bolts, the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the clamping upper seat are respectively provided with a transverse extending end, the transverse extending ends are respectively matched with the upper ends of the two side arms of the U-shaped grooves, and the U-shaped grooves are fixedly installed through the fastening bolts.
Through above-mentioned structural adjustment, the clamping lower seat is better with the compact structure nature of clamping upper seat, has realized the clamping lower seat moreover and has closely docked fixedly with clamping upper seat, has guaranteed the fixed effect of centre gripping to the end cap.
Further, a first cooling channel is formed inside the clamping lower seat, a second cooling channel is formed inside the clamping upper seat, when the clamping lower seat and the clamping upper seat are correspondingly installed, the first cooling channel is in butt joint with a port of the second cooling channel to form a circulation channel, elastic sealing gaskets are arranged at the ports of the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel, and one end part of each elastic sealing gasket extends out of the butt joint surface of the corresponding clamping lower seat and the corresponding clamping upper seat.
The elastic sealing gaskets are arranged at the ports of the first cooling channel and the second cooling channel, one end part of each elastic sealing gasket extends out of the corresponding butt joint surface of the clamping lower seat and the clamping upper seat, and in addition, when the clamping upper seat and the clamping lower seat are in butt joint fixation, four corners are locked by downward force application through the fastening bolts, so that the tightness of the butt joint part of the first cooling channel inside the clamping lower seat and the port of the second cooling channel inside the clamping upper seat is ensured.
Specifically, two water-cooling pipe joints are located the same face of centre gripping upper seat and centre gripping lower seat, and two water-cooling pipe joints are connected two water pipes respectively (inlet tube and outlet pipe respectively), and two water pipes export through same water-cooling export on the shell body, are provided with the sealing rubber circle that uses with two water pipes cooperation in water-cooling export department to the leakproofness of complete machine is convenient for.
Further, a side water cooling pipeline is arranged on the side surface of the outer shell, and a water cooling machine is externally connected, so that the accurate temperature control inside the reverse high-power pumping complete machine is realized.
Further, two amplifying light output ports (a first amplifying light output port and a second amplifying light output port respectively) are formed in the outer shell, the two amplifying light output ports are matched with the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror respectively and used for reflecting and outputting amplified signal light, an optical window sheet is mounted on the two amplifying light output ports, the first amplifying light output ports matched with the first dichroic mirror are used as detection ports, and the optical window sheet is used for detecting real-time power stability of the amplified signal light.
The first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror are dichroic mirrors, the film coating property is high in transmission of pumping light and high in reflection of signal light, but the current film coating precision can not reach 100% of reflectivity of the signal light, so that most of amplified signal light is reflected by the second dichroic mirror and then output by the second amplified light output port to serve as a main output port, and a small amount of amplified signal light is reflected by the first dichroic mirror and then output by the first amplified light output port, and the amplified signal light reflected and output by the first amplified light output port is very small and serves as a detection port to realize real-time detection of the power stability of the amplified signal light, ensure that the output performance of an amplifier accords with expectations and ensure the stability and reliability of a laser system.
Further, the end cap is quartz, and the end cap includes cylindric end cap main part, and the surface of end cap main part has plated the dielectric film, and is anti-to signal light wavelength and pumping light wavelength, end cap main part one end coaxial is equipped with the guide arm, just be formed with toper connecting portion between end cap main part and the guide arm, amplification level optic fibre tip is installed to in the guide arm, V type grip slot with the contact of end cap main part outside.
Furthermore, the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror are compactly installed in the outer shell through the mirror frame, the installation inclination angle of the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror is 45 degrees, and when the device is applied specifically, the inclination direction of the dichroic mirrors can be adjusted and set according to the output direction of the signal light, and the amplified signal light output can not be blocked between the mirror frames. The first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror are both dichroic mirrors with two coated surfaces, a high-transmission film for transmitting the pump light collimated by the first lens is arranged on one side of the dichroic mirror, which is close to the first lens, and a high-reflection film for reflecting the signal light amplified by the amplifying-stage optical fiber coupling is arranged on one side of the dichroic mirror, which is close to the second lens.
Further, the first lens and the second lens are plano-convex lenses, one side of the first lens opposite to the second lens is a focusing mirror surface, and the other side of the first lens opposite to the second lens is a collimating mirror surface.
Specifically, after the first lens of the pump light is collimated, the pump light is focused by the second lens after passing through the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror, then enters the amplifying-stage optical fiber reversely after passing through the end cap, the amplifying-stage optical fiber couples and amplifies the received pump light and the signal light and outputs the amplified signal light forward, and after being collimated by the second lens, the amplified signal light is reflected by the first dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror and finally is output by the second amplifying optical output port and the first amplifying optical output port.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) In order to solve the isolation problem under the high signal light output in the optical fiber coupling under the high pumping power, the invention combines two double-color mirrors to form a simple isolator under the signal light wavelength so as to prevent the high signal light from radiating into the pumping source-semiconductor laser and damaging the device.
(2) In order to solve the problem that the lens combination cannot be uniformly collimated by the same device and is replaced by a focal length lens combination, the device is required to be changed, the mounting structure of the first lens and the second lens is designed, specifically, the lens mounting assembly is adopted as a five-dimensional adjustable lens holder, that is, the lens mounting assembly can drive the correspondingly mounted first lens and second lens to carry out X, Y, Z-axis and pitching angle adjustment, the lens mounting assembly adopts the lens holder, the transverse mounting seat and the vertical mounting seat to be matched, the vertical part of the lens holder with the L-shaped structure is matched with the first waist-shaped adjusting groove and the locking bolt on the vertical mounting seat, the adjustment of the lens in the Z-axis direction is realized (the adjusting range is within 10 mm), the second waist-shaped adjusting groove and the locking bolt on the transverse mounting seat are matched, the adjustment of the lens in the X-axis direction is realized (the adjusting range is within 10 mm), the position of the lens in the X-axis direction (the optical axis direction) can be finely adjusted in a micron level through the matching of the clamping seat and the lens barrel, the lens can be applied to the fine adjustment of the position of a plurality of reflecting lenses (the thickness of 2-10 mm) in the market, the lens holder can be mounted on the Y-axis direction, the lens can be finely adjusted in the Y-axis direction through the knob, and the knob can be adjusted in the Y-axis direction, and the lens can be adjusted in the Y-axis direction.
(3) In order to solve the problem that the unit area of the pumping light receiving surface bears power under high-power pumping, the heat generated by the pumping surface is dispersed through the end caps so as to reduce mode instability caused by thermal effect in the photonic crystal fiber, and meanwhile, the clamping water cooling assembly can clamp end caps with various sizes and perform water cooling and temperature control on the end caps.
(4) In order to avoid the influence of external environmental factors on a free space light path in the reverse pumping space pumping light, the design of the closed complete machine can avoid the influence of external vibration, noise and surplus pumping light waste heat, the reverse pumping module and the output of the fiber laser are integrated, synchronous input and output are realized, and high-power laser pumping light collimation and coupling and collimation of amplified signal light are realized.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of a reverse pumped high power fiber amplifier of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a reverse pumped high power fiber amplifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the lens mounting assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the lens mount assembly of the present invention from another perspective;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the present invention where the water cooling module is clamped;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention where the water cooling assembly is clamped;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the clamping lower seat of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the end cap of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a reverse pumped high power fiber amplifier of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is an optical path diagram of a reverse pumped high power fiber amplifier of the present invention in operation.
Wherein, the specific reference numerals are as follows:
The optical fiber lens comprises an outer shell 1, a water cooling outlet 2, a first amplified light output port 3, a second amplified light output port 4, a first lens 5, a first dichroic mirror 6, a second dichroic mirror 7, a second lens 8, a mirror holder 9, a lens mounting assembly 10, a lens barrel 11, a fine tuning knob 12, a lens holder 13, a vertical mounting seat 14, a first waist-shaped adjusting groove 15, a transverse mounting seat 16, a second waist-shaped adjusting groove 17, an end cap 18, an end cap main body 19, a conical connecting part 20, a guide rod 21, an amplifying-stage optical fiber 22, a clamping water cooling assembly 23, a base 24, a clamping lower seat 25, a U-shaped groove 26, a first cooling channel 27, a clamping upper seat 28, a transverse extending end 29, a second cooling channel 30, an elastic sealing gasket 31, a V-shaped clamping groove 32, a water cooling pipe joint 33 and a water pipe 34.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a reverse pumping high-power optical fiber amplifier, which is shown in fig. 1, 2, 9 and 10, and comprises an outer shell 1, a pumping source, a seed source, a space light collimation focusing assembly, an end cap 18, a clamping water cooling assembly 23 and an amplifying-stage optical fiber 22;
the outer shell 1 is of a rectangular structure formed by enclosing a top plate, a bottom plate and four side plates, the space light collimation focusing assembly and the clamping water cooling assembly 23 are all arranged on the bottom plate, the space light collimation focusing assembly comprises a first lens 5, a first dichroic mirror 6, a second dichroic mirror 7 and a second lens 8 which are sequentially arranged, an amplifying-stage optical fiber 22 and the second lens 8 are oppositely arranged, an end cap 18 is arranged at one end, close to the second lens 8, of the second amplifying-stage optical fiber 22, the clamping water cooling assembly 23 is fixedly arranged on the bottom plate, and the end cap 18 is clamped, fixed, cooled and cooled;
The signal light output by the seed source enters the amplifying stage optical fiber 22 in the forward direction, the pump light output by the pump source enters the outer shell 1 through the pump output optical fiber, is collimated by the first lens 5, is focused by the second lens 8 after passing through the first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7, then enters the amplifying stage optical fiber 22 in the reverse direction after passing through the end cap 18, the amplifying stage optical fiber 22 carries out coupling amplification on the received pump light and the signal light and outputs the amplified signal light in the forward direction, and the amplified signal light is collimated by the second dichroic mirror 7 and the first dichroic mirror 6 and then is reflected and output.
Specifically, a signal output optical fiber for transmitting signal light is connected between the seed source and the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22, and the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22 includes a photonic crystal optical fiber, a large-mode-field double-cladding optical fiber, a single-crystal optical fiber, and the like, and can be selected according to different signal light wavelengths. The seed source can be input by fiber lasers with different wave bands, including but not limited to ytterbium-doped 1030nm seed source, erbium-doped 1550nm laser and the like. In the system, an optical fiber laser or a semiconductor laser is adopted, and the wavelength of a signal light output by a seed source is matched with that of the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22.
The output end of the pump source is connected with a pump output optical fiber for transmitting pump light, in a specific embodiment, a semiconductor laser is used as the pump light source, the output power of the pump light source is up to 400W, and the pump light is collimated and focused by combining a backward pump (forward direction refers to the transmission direction of signal light sent by the seed source) with a spatial light collimating focusing assembly, so that the pump light is incident into the cladding of the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22 with the optimal spot size and proper numerical aperture.
The reverse pumping is to output the pumping light in space, collimate and focus by using a space lens combination, and finally couple the pumping light into the inner cladding of the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22, and the diameter of the inner cladding is several times of that of the fiber core, so that the coupling efficiency of the pumping light can be improved by tens of times, the loss of the pumping light during the optical fiber coupling can be reduced, the pulse amplification efficiency can be improved, and meanwhile, most of the pumping is absorbed and consumed, and the heat radiation of the residual light is reduced.
The working principle of the reverse pumping high-power optical fiber amplifier in the invention is as follows:
The signal light output by the seed source is transmitted through the signal output optical fiber and positively enters the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22, the pump light output by the pump source enters the outer shell 1 through the pump output optical fiber, the pump light is collimated through the first lens 5, focused through the first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7 and then reversely input into the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22 after passing through the end cap 18, the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22 carries out coupling amplification on the received pump light and the signal light and positively outputs the amplified signal light (the positive direction refers to the transmission direction of the signal light sent by the seed source), and the amplified signal light is collimated through the second lens 8 and then reflected and output through the first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7.
In the case of a high-power signal light output, if only one side of the dichroic mirror is provided, the dichroic mirror is a dichroic mirror (a mirror coated on both sides), and the coating characteristics are high transmittance to pump light and high reflectance to signal light, but the accuracy of coating is not high enough to reflect 100% of signal light at present, for example, the accuracy of coating is 98% to reflect 2% of signal light, and in this case, when the output power is 100W, light of approximately 2W enters the pump source-semiconductor laser, and the device is damaged. In order to solve the isolation problem under the high signal light output in the optical fiber coupling under the high pumping power, the invention combines two double-color mirrors to form a simple isolator under the signal light wavelength so as to prevent the high signal light from radiating into the pumping source-semiconductor laser and damaging the device.
In addition, in order to solve the problem that the unit area of the pump light receiving surface receives power under high-power pumping, the heat generated by the pumping surface is dispersed through the end cap 18, so that mode instability caused by thermal effect in the photonic crystal fiber is reduced, and meanwhile, the clamping water cooling assembly 23 can clamp end caps 18 with various sizes and perform water cooling and temperature control on the end caps 18.
In order to avoid the influence of external environmental factors on a free space light path in the back pumping space pumping light, the design of the closed complete machine can avoid the influence of external vibration, noise and surplus pumping light waste heat, the back pumping module and the output of the fiber laser are integrated, synchronous input and output are realized, high-power laser pumping light collimation and coupling and collimation of amplified signal light are realized, the device is convenient and adjustable (the adjustable combined installation of various lenses can be realized), and the device is safe and reliable and convenient to adjust.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the specific embodiment, the mounting structures of the first lens 5 and the second lens 8 are the same, and the first lens and the second lens are both mounted on the bottom plate through the lens mounting assembly 10, the lens mounting assembly 10 comprises a lens barrel 11, a clamping seat, a lens frame 13, a transverse mounting seat 16 and a vertical mounting seat 14, the lens barrel 11 is internally provided with a lens, the lens frame 13 is in an L-shaped structure, a mounting hole is formed in the transverse portion of the lens frame 13, the clamping seat is coaxially mounted in the mounting hole, the lens barrel 11 is mounted in the mounting hole and rotatably mounted with the clamping seat, the lens barrel 11 can be rotated to adjust the position of the lens barrel 11 along the X-axis direction, one or more first waist-shaped adjusting grooves 15 are formed in the vertical mounting seat 14 along the length direction, the vertical portion of the lens frame 13 is correspondingly matched with the vertical mounting seat 14 through the matching of a locking bolt and a nut, one end of the vertical mounting seat 14 is vertically provided with the transverse mounting seat 16, the transverse mounting seat 16 is formed in the X-axis direction by one or more second waist-shaped adjusting grooves 17, and the transverse mounting seat 16 is matched and mounted on the outer shell 1 through the matching of the locking bolt and the nut.
In order to solve the isolation problem under the high signal light output in optical fiber coupling under high pumping power, the invention combines two double-color mirrors to form a simple isolator under the signal light wavelength so as to prevent the high signal light from radiating into a pumping source-semiconductor laser and damaging a device.
However, in practical applications, the inventors found that the optical path difference between the two lenses is problematic due to the fact that the optical path difference between the two lenses is calculated according to the actual thickness of the two-color lenses, and the X-axis positions (optical axis direction positions) of the first lens 5 and the second lens 8 need to be adjusted accordingly (as shown in fig. 10). In addition, when the optical fibers of different pump light and the optical fibers of different amplification stages 22 are adopted, the lens combination is different due to the difference of the diameters of the fiber cores, the installation position of the lens also needs to be changed, the lens installation structure in the prior art is of a welding fixed type, the installation position of the lens is inconvenient to adjust, the lens combination cannot be collimated by the same device, and the device is changed when the focal length lens combination is changed.
In the invention, the mounting structure of the first lens 5 and the second lens 8 is designed, specifically, the lens mounting assembly 10 is adopted as a five-dimensional adjustable mirror bracket, that is, the lens mounting assembly 10 can drive the correspondingly mounted first lens 5 and second lens 8 to adjust the X, Y, Z axis and the pitching angle. This lens installation component 10 adopts lens mirror holder 13, horizontal mount pad 16 and vertical mount pad 14 cooperation, through the cooperation of the first waist type adjustment tank 15 and the locking bolt on the vertical mount pad 14 of the vertical portion of lens mirror holder 13 of L type structure, the regulation (the accommodation range is within 10 mm) of Z axle direction to the lens has been realized, through the cooperation of the second waist type adjustment tank 17 and the locking bolt on the horizontal mount pad 16, the regulation (the accommodation range is within 10 mm) of X axle direction to the lens has been realized, through the cooperation at cassette and lens cone 11, the distance fine tuning of the position micron level of lens along X axle direction (optical axis direction) is applicable to the mirror lens of most common thickness in the market (thickness can 2-10 mm), in addition, through rotating lens mirror holder 13, install Y axle and Z axle fine setting knob 12 on the lens holder 13, through controlling corresponding fine setting knob 12, fine setting is carried out to the position of lens in Y axle and Z axle direction.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, in the embodiment, the clamping water cooling assembly 23 includes a base 24, a clamping lower seat 25 and a clamping upper seat 28, the base 24 is mounted on the bottom plate, the clamping lower seat 25 is detachably mounted on the base 24, the clamping upper seat 28 is detachably mounted on the top of the clamping lower seat 25, V-shaped clamping grooves 32 which are matched with the outer sides of the end caps 18 for clamping and fixing are formed in the bottom of the clamping upper seat 28 and the top of the clamping lower seat 25, the clamping lower seat 25 and the clamping upper seat 28 are made of copper materials, and cooling channels are formed in the clamping lower seat 25 and the clamping upper seat 28. Two copper blocks with V-shaped clamping grooves 32 are matched for use, a square through hole with a certain length is formed in the middle of the butt joint of the upper clamping seat 28 and the lower clamping seat 25, the square through hole can firmly fix the cylindrical part of the end cap 18, and a cooling channel is formed in the upper clamping seat 28 and the lower clamping seat 25 and used for cooling, cooling and controlling the temperature of the end cap 18 so as to reduce the heat of a high-energy pump and output lower optical fiber connector. Moreover, the clamping upper seat 28 and the clamping lower seat 25 are detachably mounted, and the clamping upper seat 28 and the clamping lower seat 25 which are matched can be replaced according to the end cap 18 with a specific size (the size of the end cap 18 is adjusted according to the applicability of the lens combination), so that the applicability of the device is stronger.
In a specific embodiment, the upper parts of the front side and the rear side of the clamping lower seat 25 are respectively provided with a U-shaped groove 26, the bottom of the U-shaped groove 26 is matched with the base 24 through a fastening bolt, and the front side and the rear side of the bottom of the clamping upper seat 28 are respectively provided with a transverse extension end 29 which is matched with the upper ends of two side arms of the U-shaped groove respectively and fixedly installed through the fastening bolt. Through the above-mentioned structural adjustment, the compactness of the structure of centre gripping lower seat 25 and centre gripping upper seat 28 is better, has realized centre gripping lower seat 25 and centre gripping upper seat 28 closely dock fixedly moreover, has guaranteed the centre gripping fixed effect to end cap 18.
Preferably, a first cooling channel 27 is formed inside the clamping lower seat 25, a second cooling channel 30 is formed inside the clamping upper seat 28, the first cooling channel 27 and the second cooling channel 30 are water channels, when the clamping lower seat 25 and the clamping upper seat 28 are correspondingly installed, ports of the first cooling channel 27 and the second cooling channel 30 are in butt joint to form a circulation channel, elastic sealing gaskets 31 are arranged at the ports of the first cooling channel 27 and the second cooling channel 30, and one end of each elastic sealing gasket 31 extends out of the butt joint surfaces of the corresponding clamping lower seat 25 and the corresponding clamping upper seat 28. Through all being equipped with the elastic sealing washer 31 in the port department of first cooling channel 27 and second cooling channel 30 to stretch out the butt joint face of corresponding centre gripping lower seat 25, centre gripping upper seat 28 with elastic sealing washer 31 one end tip portion, in addition, centre gripping upper seat 28 and centre gripping lower seat 25 butt joint are fixed, and the four corners is all through fastening bolt downward force application locking, has guaranteed the leakproofness of centre gripping lower seat 25 inside first cooling channel 27 and the inside second cooling channel 30 port butt joint department of centre gripping upper seat 28.
Specifically, two water-cooling pipe joints 33 are located on the same surface of the upper clamping seat 28 and the lower clamping seat 25, one ends of the two water-cooling pipe joints 33 are respectively communicated with the first cooling channel 27 and the second cooling channel 30, the other ends of the two water-cooling pipe joints 33 are respectively connected with two water pipes 34 (a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe respectively), the two water pipes 34 are output through the same water-cooling outlet 2 on the outer shell 1, and sealing rubber rings matched with the two water pipes 34 are arranged at the water-cooling outlet 2, so that the sealing performance of the whole machine is facilitated.
In the specific embodiment, a side water cooling pipeline is arranged on the side surface of the outer shell 1, and is externally connected with a water cooling machine, so that the accurate temperature control inside the reverse high-power pumping complete machine is realized.
In a specific embodiment, two amplifying light output ports (a first amplifying light output port 3 and a second amplifying light output port 4 respectively) are formed on the outer shell 1, and are matched with the first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7 respectively to reflect and output amplified signal light, the two amplifying light output ports are provided with optical window sheets, and the first amplifying light output port 3 matched with the first dichroic mirror 6 is used as a detection port to detect the real-time power stability of the amplified signal light. Because the first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7 are dichroic mirrors, the film coating property is high for the pumping light and high for the signal light, but the current film coating precision can not reach the reflectivity of 100% for the signal light, so that most of amplified signal light is reflected by the second dichroic mirror 7 and then is output by the second amplified light output port 4 to be used as a main output port, and a small part of amplified signal light is reflected by the first dichroic mirror 6 and then is output by the first amplified light output port 3, and the amplified signal light reflected and output by the first amplified light output port 3 is a small amount to be used as a detection port, thereby realizing the power stability of the amplified signal light in real time detection, ensuring the output performance of the amplifier to meet expectations and ensuring the stability and reliability of a laser system.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the end cap 18 is made of quartz, the end cap 18 comprises a cylindrical end cap main body 19, the outer surface of the end cap main body 19 is coated with a dielectric film, the wavelength of the signal light is opposite to that of the pump light, a guide rod 21 is coaxially arranged at one end of the end cap main body 19, a conical connecting part 20 is formed between the end cap main body 19 and the guide rod 21, the end part of the amplifying optical fiber 22 is installed in the guide rod 21, and a V-shaped clamping groove 32 is contacted with the outer side of the end cap main body 19.
In the specific embodiment, the first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7 are compactly mounted inside the outer housing 1 through the mirror frame 9, the mounting inclination angle of the first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7 is 45 degrees, and in specific application, the inclination direction of the dichroic mirrors can be adjusted and set according to the output direction of the signal light, and the amplified signal light output is not blocked between the mirror frames 9. The first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7 are both dichroic mirrors with coating films on both sides, a high-transmission film for transmitting the pump light collimated by the first lens 5 is arranged on one side of the dichroic mirror close to the first lens 5, and a high-reflection film for reflecting the signal light coupled and amplified by the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22 is arranged on one side of the dichroic mirror close to the second lens 8.
In a specific embodiment, the first lens 5 and the second lens 8 are plano-convex lenses, opposite sides of the first lens 5 and the second lens 8 are focusing mirrors, and opposite sides of the first lens 5 and the second lens 8 are collimating mirrors. Specifically, after the first lens 5 of the pump light is collimated, the pump light is focused by the second lens 8 after passing through the first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7, then enters the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22 reversely after passing through the end cap 18, the amplifying-stage optical fiber 22 couples and amplifies the received pump light and the signal light and outputs the amplified signal light forward, and after being collimated by the second lens 8, the amplified signal light is reflected by the first dichroic mirror 6 and the second dichroic mirror 7 and finally is output by the second amplifying optical output port 4 and the first amplifying optical output port 3.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
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| CN202411895915.3A CN119362125A (en) | 2024-12-23 | 2024-12-23 | A reverse-pumped high-power fiber amplifier |
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| CN202411895915.3A CN119362125A (en) | 2024-12-23 | 2024-12-23 | A reverse-pumped high-power fiber amplifier |
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