CN119353356A - An adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device and control method thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种自适应变刚度减振装置及其控制方法，包括智能材料层、可调节质量块、底板、中央控制单元、传感器单元；其中，所述智能材料层安装于所述底板的中心位置处，所述底板上以及所述智能材料层上安装所述传感器单元，所述智能材料层的侧面上安装所述中央控制单元，所述智能材料层的顶部安装所述可调节质量块；所述传感器单元通信连接所述中央控制单元，所述中央控制单元通信连接所述可调节质量块和所述智能材料层。本装置能够根据外界振动的频率和幅度变化自动调节装置的刚度与阻尼特性，适应不同的振动工况，相比传统固定刚度的减振装置，本装置在宽频振动环境下表现出更高效的振动抑制效果，显著提高了系统的稳定性和使用寿命。
The present invention provides an adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device and a control method thereof, comprising an intelligent material layer, an adjustable mass block, a base plate, a central control unit, and a sensor unit; wherein the intelligent material layer is installed at the center of the base plate, the sensor unit is installed on the base plate and on the intelligent material layer, the central control unit is installed on the side of the intelligent material layer, and the adjustable mass block is installed on the top of the intelligent material layer; the sensor unit is communicatively connected to the central control unit, and the central control unit is communicatively connected to the adjustable mass block and the intelligent material layer. The device can automatically adjust the stiffness and damping characteristics of the device according to the frequency and amplitude changes of external vibrations, and adapt to different vibration conditions. Compared with traditional fixed stiffness vibration reduction devices, the device exhibits a more efficient vibration suppression effect in a wide-band vibration environment, significantly improving the stability and service life of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of damping equipment, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive variable stiffness damping device and a control method thereof.
Background
Vibration problems are prevalent in various mechanical devices, vehicle systems, and building structures, directly affecting the operational stability, life, and safety of the device. Vibration control techniques are critical in many industrial fields, such as automotive manufacturing, aerospace, precision instruments, and construction engineering. The effective vibration reduction can reduce noise and abrasion of parts, and can improve the operation efficiency and accuracy of the equipment. Therefore, research and development of vibration damping technology is critical to the engineering field.
The conventional vibration damping system mostly adopts a passive control means, and the common vibration damping devices comprise rubber pads, springs, viscoelastic dampers and the like, and the main principle of the vibration damping devices is that vibration energy is absorbed or attenuated through fixed rigidity and damping coefficients, and although the vibration damping devices have certain effects under certain working conditions, the vibration damping devices have inherent limitations, particularly when vibration frequencies and amplitudes change, the vibration damping devices with fixed rigidity and damping cannot adapt to dynamically changing vibration environments, so that the vibration damping effect is greatly reduced, and particularly in the scene with larger frequency span, such as the vibration resistance of complex mechanical equipment, high-speed vehicles and building structures, the limitations of the common vibration damping devices are more obvious.
In order to improve vibration damping performance, active vibration damping technology is gradually rising in recent years, and active vibration damping technology monitors vibration in real time through a sensor and actively applies reverse force through a control system to counteract or damp the vibration, however, the active vibration damping system requires a complex control algorithm and high-energy-consumption executing elements, and has high cost and complexity to limit the wide application in industry although good effects are achieved in some high-end applications.
Along with the development of intelligent material technology, the self-adaptive vibration damper based on intelligent materials is gradually paid attention to, the existing intelligent materials such as shape memory alloy, magnetorheological elastomer, piezoelectric material and the like have the capability of automatically adjusting physical characteristics according to external stimulus (such as temperature, electromagnetic field or stress), and different from the traditional passive or active vibration damper system, the intelligent materials have controllable rigidity and damping characteristics and can be adaptively adjusted according to the change of external vibration environment, and have the advantages of simple structure, rapid response, low energy consumption and the like, but the existing intelligent material vibration damper does not form a mature industrial application system, particularly in a complex vibration environment, the active vibration damper formed by effectively combining the intelligent materials with a real-time control system also needs to optimize the dynamic adjusting performance of rigidity and damping according to the vibration environment, however, the optimization process needs to be adjusted for a plurality of times according to the vibration environment, and further needs to take longer time and cost to realize, and in the use process, when the complex working condition of dynamic change of vibration frequency and amplitude occurs in the vibration environment, the vibration damper has poor vibration damping effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a self-adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper and a control method thereof, which aim to solve the problem that the vibration damper cannot adapt to different vibration frequencies and vibration amplitudes and has poor vibration damping effect.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a self-adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper which comprises an intelligent material layer, an adjustable mass block, a bottom plate, a central control unit and a sensor unit, wherein the intelligent material layer is arranged on the bottom plate;
the intelligent material layer is arranged at the central position of the bottom plate, the sensor units are arranged on the bottom plate and the intelligent material layer, the central control unit is arranged on the side face of the intelligent material layer, the adjustable mass block is arranged at the top of the intelligent material layer, the sensor units are in communication connection with the central control unit, and the central control unit is in communication connection with the adjustable mass block and the intelligent material layer.
Preferably, the intelligent material layer comprises a plurality of polyurethane damping blocks, the polyurethane damping blocks are arranged on the bottom plate, the adjustable mass blocks are arranged at the tops of the polyurethane damping blocks, hollow springs are arranged in each polyurethane damping block, magnetic fluid is arranged in each hollow spring, and the polyurethane damping blocks and the magnetic fluid are in communication connection with a central control unit.
Preferably, a plurality of polyurethane damping blocks are arranged in a matrix form into a rectangular body, the bottom of the rectangular body is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, and the top of the rectangular body is provided with the adjustable mass block.
Preferably, the central control unit comprises a processing subunit, a receiving subunit and an executing subunit, wherein the processing subunit, the receiving subunit and the executing subunit are integrated in an embedded processor, and the embedded processor is arranged on the outer wall of one polyurethane damping block outside the rectangular body;
the receiving subunit is in communication connection with the processing subunit and the sensor unit, the processing subunit is in communication connection with the executing subunit, and the executing subunit is in communication connection with the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid.
Preferably, the central control unit further comprises a history storage subunit, wherein the history storage subunit is in communication connection with the processing subunit, and history vibration data are stored in the history storage subunit and are used for carrying out data exchange with external equipment through a communication interface of the embedded processor.
Preferably, the central control unit further comprises a mode adjustment subunit communicatively connected to the processing subunit for adjusting the working mode of the central control unit.
Preferably, the adjustable mass block comprises a first mass block, a second mass block and a third mass block, wherein the first mass block, the second mass block and the third mass block are stacked in sequence from low to high, and the first mass block is fixedly arranged on the top of the rectangular body.
Preferably, the sensor unit comprises an accelerometer, a laser displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the accelerometer, the laser displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively arranged on the intelligent material layer and the bottom plate, and the accelerometer, the laser displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively in communication connection with the central control unit.
The invention provides a control method of a self-adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper, which is used for controlling the vibration damper and specifically comprises the following steps:
And step 1, the sensor unit monitors the external vibration environment in real time, acquires key parameters of vibration, and transmits the key parameters to the central control unit.
Step 2, the central control unit processes and analyzes the key parameters, and judges whether the current vibration state needs to be adjusted or not through a built-in control algorithm to obtain adjustment parameters;
step 3, the central control unit adjusts an external electromagnetic field based on the adjustment parameters, and controls the rigidity and damping change of the intelligent material layer;
and 4, the central control unit adjusts the weight and the position of the adjustable mass block based on the adjustment parameters to perform shock absorption.
Preferably, the key parameters include acceleration, displacement, velocity and frequency of vibration.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
The invention provides a self-adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper, which forms a highly integrated and intelligent vibration control system by integrating an intelligent material layer, an adjustable mass block, a bottom plate, a central control unit and a sensor unit, and realizes dynamic adaptation and efficient vibration damping of a vibration environment through the cooperative work of all components; the device comprises a sensor unit, a central control unit, an intelligent material layer, a vibration control unit and a vibration control unit, wherein the vibration control unit is used for acquiring vibration data of equipment connected with the device, the central control unit is used for accurately controlling the intelligent material layer and the adjustable mass block through the vibration data, the intelligent material layer can rapidly respond and adjust physical properties of the intelligent material layer according to vibration parameters (such as acceleration, displacement, speed and frequency) monitored by the sensor unit in real time, so that vibration energy is effectively absorbed and dispersed, vibration amplitude is reduced, the central control unit can dynamically adjust the weight and position of the adjustable mass block according to change of a vibration state, natural frequency of a system is optimized, resonance phenomenon is avoided, the device can better adapt to vibration environments with different frequencies and amplitudes, and provides more stable and reliable vibration reduction effects, so that the device can adapt to different vibration conditions according to rigidity and vibration characteristics of the automatic adjusting device according to frequency and amplitude changes of external vibration.
Further, the intelligent material layer in the device is composed of a plurality of polyurethane damping blocks, the damping blocks not only have excellent damping performance, but also realize flexible adjustment of rigidity and damping through the built-in hollow springs and the magnetic fluid, the hollow springs in the polyurethane damping blocks not only enhance the stability of the structure, but also provide space for dynamic adjustment of the magnetic fluid, and the central control unit can adjust the rigidity and damping characteristics of the damping blocks in real time by accurately controlling the distribution and flow of the magnetic fluid, so that the damping blocks are more accurately adapted to different vibration environments, and can carry out finer adjustment on vibration with different frequencies and amplitudes.
Furthermore, the central control unit in the device integrates the processing subunit, the receiving subunit and the executing subunit into the embedded processor, so that the stability and the reliability of the system are improved, the control logic is more compact and efficient, the receiving subunit can receive vibration data transmitted by the sensor unit in real time, the processing subunit is responsible for rapidly analyzing and processing the data to judge the current vibration state and generate corresponding adjustment data, and the executing subunit precisely controls the dynamic adjustment of the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid according to the adjustment data, so that the flexible change of rigidity and damping is realized. The data is adjusted, the historical storage subunit is added, the central control unit can store historical vibration data, the data can be exchanged with external equipment through a communication interface of the embedded processor, a user can conveniently conduct deeper analysis and monitoring, remote monitoring and data recording functions are achieved, the mode adjusting subunit provides more flexible control options for the user, the user can adjust the working mode of the central control unit according to actual requirements so as to adapt to different application scenes and vibration environments, adaptability and flexibility of the device are improved, more convenient and efficient use experience is brought to the user, the user can conduct remote monitoring and control on the running state of the equipment through the central control unit, maintenance and diagnosis are facilitated, and fault rate and maintenance cost are reduced.
Furthermore, the adjustable mass block in the device is formed by stacking the first mass block, the second mass block and the third mass block from low to high in sequence, the resonance frequency of the device can be adjusted by adjusting the weight and the position of the first mass block, the second mass block and the third mass block, the occurrence of vibration resonance phenomenon is avoided, the vibration reduction effect is further improved, and especially when the device faces complex multi-frequency vibration, the device can pertinently adjust structural parameters, and the optimal vibration reduction performance is realized.
Furthermore, the sensor unit in the device integrates the accelerometer, the laser displacement sensor and the pressure sensor, and the vibration environment can be monitored in real time through the sensors, so that the acceleration, the displacement and the pressure change of the vibration environment can be comprehensively and accurately monitored, the key parameters can be monitored in real time and accurately transmitted, abundant data support is provided for the central control unit, the vibration state can be accurately judged, corresponding adjustment data can be generated, and the vibration reduction effect is improved.
The invention provides a control method of a self-adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper, which realizes accurate judgment of a vibration state by monitoring an external vibration environment in real time and collecting key parameters, and a central control unit rapidly analyzes and determines adjustment requirements by using an advanced algorithm, so that an electromagnetic field is intelligently adjusted to change stiffness and damping of an intelligent material layer, different vibration situations are effectively treated, and meanwhile, the method can also adjust the weight and the position of an adjustable mass block, and further improve the vibration damping effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of FIG. 1 at A;
in the drawing, 1, an intelligent material layer, 2, an adjustable mass block, 3, a bottom plate, 4, a central control unit 5 and a sensor unit.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be recognized by those of skill in the pertinent art, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed, mechanically connected, electrically connected, or in communication, directly connected, or indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or in communication between two elements or in an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the invention provides a self-adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper, which comprises an intelligent material layer 1, an adjustable mass block 2, a bottom plate 3, a central control unit 4 and a sensor unit 5, wherein the intelligent material layer 1 is arranged at the central position of the bottom plate 3, the sensor unit 5 is arranged on the side of the intelligent material layer 1 on the bottom plate 3, the central control unit 4 is arranged on the side surface of one side of the intelligent material layer 1, the adjustable mass block 2 is arranged at the top of the intelligent material layer 1, the sensor unit 5 is in communication connection with the central control unit 4, the central control unit 4 is in communication connection with the adjustable mass block 2 and the intelligent material layer 1, namely, the sensor unit 5 is used for acquiring external vibration data received by the device arranged on corresponding equipment, the vibration data are transmitted to the central control unit 4 for processing, so as to obtain adjustment parameters, and the central control unit 4 is used for adjusting the stiffness and damping of the intelligent material layer 1 and the weight and the position of the adjustable mass block 2 through the adjustment parameters, so that the vibration damper is damped on the corresponding equipment arranged on the corresponding equipment.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an intelligent material layer 1 comprises a plurality of polyurethane damping blocks, each polyurethane damping block is internally provided with a hollow spring, the interior of each hollow spring is provided with magnetic fluid, the polyurethane damping blocks and the magnetic fluid are in communication connection with a central control unit 4, the polyurethane damping blocks are arrayed in a matrix form into a rectangular body, the bottoms of the rectangular bodies are fixedly connected with a bottom plate 3, two adjacent polyurethane damping blocks are connected through a high-strength adhesive, tightness and stability between the damping blocks are ensured, displacement caused by vibration is avoided, the hollow springs can be horizontally or vertically installed according to the vibration direction of the installed position so as to cope with different vibration working conditions, and the rigidity and damping characteristics of the magnetic fluid are changed through adjustment of an external electromagnetic field. The rigidity of the intelligent material layer 1 can be changed within the range of 50% -200% so as to adapt to vibration sources with different frequencies (such as 1-100 Hz) and amplitudes (such as 0.1-10 mm), and the flexible adjusting capability enables the intelligent material layer 1 to maintain excellent vibration damping performance in a complex vibration environment. The intelligent material layer 1 has high response speed and flexible adjustment, is key to realizing the self-adaptive vibration damping effect, and can show excellent vibration damping performance under different working conditions, so that the intelligent material layer 1 can maintain good performance in a complex vibration environment.
In this embodiment, the communication between the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid and the central control unit 4 is realized through the sensor and the control signal, and the central control unit 4 receives data (such as acceleration, displacement, speed, etc.) from the sensor unit in real time and analyzes the data by using a built-in control algorithm to determine the current vibration state. According to the analysis result, the central control unit 4 can control the flow and distribution of the magnetic fluid by adjusting the intensity and frequency of the electromagnetic field, thereby changing the rigidity and damping characteristics of the polyurethane damping block. Specifically, the central control unit 4 may be regulated by varying the following structure:
The magnetic fluid characteristics are regulated by controlling the intensity and frequency of an external electromagnetic field, changing the fluidity and viscosity of the magnetic fluid, so as to regulate the damping characteristics of the polyurethane damping block, the electromagnetic field configuration is changed by optimizing the electromagnetic field setting according to the vibration direction and characteristics, so as to realize more effective damping effect, and the real-time feedback control is realized by combining historical data, so that the central control unit 4 can quickly respond to environmental changes, and realize dynamic regulation.
In the embodiment, the central control unit 4 realizes the rigidity and damping adjustment in the intelligent material layer 1 by changing the structure that the central control unit 4 adjusts the intensity of an electromagnetic field to control the magnetic fluid to flow in the polyurethane damping blocks and change the viscosity and damping characteristics of the magnetic fluid, the state of the hollow springs is that different spring rigidities (the rigidity of each polyurethane internal spring is different) are selected according to the vibration characteristics to influence the reaction capacity of the hollow springs to vibration, and the interaction of the polyurethane damping blocks is that the integral rigidity and the vibration damping performance of the polyurethane damping blocks are optimized by changing the bonding strength and the connection mode between the polyurethane damping blocks.
Referring to fig. 1, the central control unit 4 is responsible for managing and coordinating the operation of the whole vibration damping device, and the central control unit 4 comprises a processing subunit, a receiving subunit and an executing subunit, wherein the processing subunit, the receiving subunit and the executing subunit are integrated in an embedded processor, and the embedded processor is arranged on the outer wall of one polyurethane damping block outside the rectangular body; the receiving subunit is in communication connection with the processing subunit and the sensor unit 5, receives the data from the sensor unit and transmits the data to the processing subunit for analysis, the processing subunit is in communication connection with the executing subunit, the processing subunit transmits the analysis result to the executing subunit, the executing subunit is in communication connection with the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid, the executing subunit is responsible for controlling the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid, the receiving subunit transmits the vibration data transmitted by the receiving subunit 5 to the receiving subunit for analysis processing, the adjusting parameters are obtained, the executing subunit controls the polyurethane damping block and the magnetic fluid in real time through the adjusting parameters, the central control unit 4 can realize real-time monitoring and adjustment of the vibration damper, the vibration state of the equipment is adjusted in real time, the processing subunit in the central control unit 4 dynamically adjusts the rigidity and the damping characteristic of the intelligent material layer 1 according to the change of the vibration frequency and the amplitude, namely the processing subunit utilizes the internal self-adaptive control to analyze the received vibration data, the current frequency and the amplitude are identified, the central control unit 4 obtains the vibration state according to the vibration frequency and the electromagnetic field intensity, the fluidity of the magnetic fluid is changed, so that the rigidity and the damping characteristic of the polyurethane damping block are adjusted in real time, and the weight and the position of the adjustable mass block 2 are adjusted, namely, the central control unit 4 can change the weight and the position of the adjustable mass block 2 according to the analysis result, so that the natural frequency of the system is optimized, the resonance phenomenon is avoided, and the optimal vibration reduction effect of the system under various working conditions is ensured.
The central control unit 4 further comprises a history storage subunit which is in communication connection with the processing subunit, history vibration data are stored in the history storage subunit, and data exchange is carried out between the history storage subunit and external equipment through a communication interface of the embedded processor, so that remote monitoring and diagnosis functions are realized.
The central control unit 4 further comprises a mode adjusting subunit, the mode adjusting subunit is in communication connection with the processing subunit, an automatic mode and a manual mode are preset in the mode adjusting subunit, and the working mode of the central control unit 4 is adjusted through the mode adjusting subunit, so that the device is suitable for the automatic mode or the manual adjusting mode under different working conditions, and the flexibility and the operability of the device are improved.
Referring to fig. 1, the adjustable mass 2 includes a first mass, a second mass and a third mass, which are stacked in order from low to high, the first mass is a cast iron block, the second mass is a steel block, and the third mass is a lead block, wherein the first mass is fixedly mounted on the top of the rectangular body through bolts, and the adjustable mass 2 can adjust the resonant frequency of the vibration system by changing the number thereof to cope with the change of the vibration frequency. The adjustment of the mass is controlled by the central control unit 5 according to real-time vibration data fed back by the sensor, by changing the weight of the mass, the device can realize the best vibration attenuation effect under different working frequencies, the mass adjusting mechanism can ensure that the device still maintains high-efficiency vibration reduction effect under broadband vibration, and is particularly suitable for application occasions with wide vibration frequency range and frequent change, such as vibration reduction of an automobile suspension system and a machine tool spindle and vibration reduction of high-rise buildings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the base plate 3 provides a solid support structure for the entire device and is the load bearing basis for all other components, and is typically made of a high stiffness, high damping material such as steel, aluminum alloy or composite materials to ensure that it is capable of effectively transmitting vibrational energy to the smart material layer while providing sufficient structural stability. When the base plate 3 is connected with other equipment, the mechanical connection mode with external equipment or a structure needs to be considered, such as through bolt fixing, so that the device can be stably installed on the equipment needing vibration reduction, in addition, the weight and the volume of the vibration reduction device also need to be considered, especially in the application occasions with precise machinery or limited space, the base plate 3 is not only a connecting bridge of a system and a vibration source, but also the overall rigidity and the durability of the vibration reduction device can be improved through design optimization.
The sensor unit 5 is responsible for monitoring vibration parameters of vibration in real time, the vibration parameters comprise acceleration, displacement, speed and frequency, the sensor unit 5 comprises an accelerometer, a laser displacement sensor and a pressure sensor, the accelerometer is arranged on the top of the intelligent material layer1 and is used for directly monitoring vibration acceleration of equipment to acquire real-time vibration state data, the laser displacement sensor is arranged on the side face of the intelligent material layer1 and is mainly used for measuring displacement change of vibration to provide accurate displacement data and help to analyze vibration modes, the pressure sensor is arranged on the bottom of the intelligent material layer1 and is used for monitoring pressure change caused by vibration to ensure that the system can respond to change of external vibration environment in time, and the accelerometer, the laser displacement sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively in communication connection with a receiving subunit in the central control unit 4 to ensure comprehensiveness and accuracy of monitoring data. The present device is able to fully understand the current vibration state by means of an accelerometer, a laser displacement sensor or a pressure sensor, the sensor unit transmitting the collected data to the central control unit 5.
The self-adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper provided by the invention combines the real-time monitored vibration data of the sensor unit 5 through the synergistic effect of the intelligent material layer 1 and the adjustable mass block 2, and the central control unit 4 automatically adjusts the stiffness and damping characteristics of the self-adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper to adapt to vibration environments with different frequencies and amplitudes. The whole control process relies on real-time feedback of the sensor unit and self-adaptive adjustment of the central control unit, and through the self-adaptive adjustment, the device can provide efficient and accurate vibration reduction effects under different vibration working conditions, and is suitable for environments with frequent vibration frequency changes and unstable amplitude, such as vibration prevention of precision equipment, earthquake-resistant protection of building structures and the like.
The device has the beneficial effects that the rigidity and the damping can be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, and the rigidity and the damping characteristics of the device can be adjusted automatically according to the frequency and the amplitude change of external vibration by applying the intelligent material layer, so that the device is suitable for different vibration working conditions. Compared with the traditional vibration damper with fixed rigidity, the vibration damper has the advantages that the vibration damper has higher efficient vibration suppression effect in a broadband vibration environment, the stability and the service life of the system are obviously improved, the efficient vibration damper has the advantages that the adjustable mass block is adopted, the resonance frequency of the system can be adjusted by adjusting the weight and the position of the mass block, the occurrence of vibration resonance phenomenon is avoided, and the vibration damper further improves the vibration damping effect. The invention monitors the vibration environment in real time through the sensor unit and can respond to the external vibration change rapidly by combining with the intelligent control algorithm of the central control unit to carry out self-adaptive adjustment. The intelligent control improves the response speed and vibration reduction efficiency of the system, ensures that the device always maintains the optimal performance in various complex environments, and has wide application range, and is suitable for various scenes and fields including but not limited to vibration suppression of mechanical equipment, vibration-resistant protection of building structures and vibration reduction optimization of vehicles. The device has compact structure, is suitable for being installed and used in a system with limited space, has good reliability and stability, and can realize remote monitoring and data recording functions through the communication interface of the central control unit, so that a user can remotely monitor and control the running state of equipment, the maintenance and the diagnosis are convenient, and the fault rate and the maintenance cost are reduced.
The invention also provides a control method of the self-adaptive variable stiffness vibration damper, which is used for controlling the device to damp vibration and comprises the following steps:
Step 1, a sensor unit monitors an external vibration environment in real time, acquires key parameters of vibration, and transmits the key parameters to a central control unit, wherein the key parameters comprise data such as acceleration and displacement of the vibration.
Step 2, the central control unit processes and analyzes the key parameters, judges whether the current vibration state needs to be adjusted through a built-in control algorithm, namely when the external vibration frequency, the amplitude or the vibration mode changes, the central control unit dynamically adjusts the rigidity and the damping characteristic of the system according to a preset vibration control model so as to achieve the optimal vibration reduction effect, and collects data such as the rigidity and the damping characteristic of the dynamic adjustment system to obtain adjustment parameters;
And 3, the central control unit adjusts an external electromagnetic field based on the adjustment parameters to control the rigidity and damping change of the intelligent material layer, namely when the vibration frequency is higher, the central control unit increases the rigidity of the intelligent material layer to cope with high-frequency vibration, and under the low-frequency vibration condition, the rigidity can be reduced, the damping can be enhanced, and the vibration energy can be absorbed to the maximum extent.
And 4, the central control unit adjusts the weight and the position of the adjustable mass block based on the adjustment parameters to perform shock absorption, namely when the external vibration frequency is higher, the central control unit can increase the mass of the mass block, reduce the natural frequency of the system so as to avoid resonance phenomenon, and when the vibration frequency is lower, the mass block can be lightened, and the response speed of the system to vibration is improved.
The method is further explained below with reference to specific embodiments, and the adaptive stiffness-variable vibration damping device is applied to an active suspension system of an automobile for improving comfort and safety in running. The device is arranged in a wheel suspension system of an automobile, and vibration caused by uneven pavement is reduced by adjusting the rigidity of the system in real time.
Step 1, a sensor unit detects vibration frequency and amplitude of an automobile suspension system under different road conditions in real time, acquires key parameters of vibration, and transmits the key parameters to a central control unit;
Step 2, the central control unit processes and analyzes the key parameters, judges whether the current vibration state needs to be adjusted through a built-in control algorithm, namely when the vibration frequency, the amplitude or the vibration mode of the automobile suspension system changes, the central control unit dynamically adjusts the rigidity and the damping characteristic of the system according to a preset vibration control model so as to achieve the optimal vibration reduction effect, and collects data such as the rigidity and the damping characteristic of the dynamic adjustment system to obtain adjustment parameters;
And 3, when the vibration frequency of the automobile suspension system is detected to be higher, the central control unit increases the rigidity of the intelligent material layer so as to cope with the high-frequency vibration, and when the low-frequency vibration of the automobile suspension system is detected, the rigidity can be reduced, the damping can be enhanced, and the vibration energy can be absorbed to the maximum extent.
And 3, when the external vibration frequency of the automobile suspension system is detected to be higher, the central control unit can increase the mass of the mass block and reduce the natural frequency of the system so as to avoid resonance phenomenon, and when the vibration frequency of the automobile suspension system is detected to be lower, the mass block can be lightened, and the response speed of the system to vibration is improved.
While the fundamental and principal features of the invention and advantages of the invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202411532699.6A CN119353356A (en) | 2024-10-30 | 2024-10-30 | An adaptive variable stiffness vibration reduction device and control method thereof |
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