CN119344903A - Maryland bridge wing plate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Maryland bridge wing plate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种马里兰桥翼板及其制作方法，所述马里兰桥翼板设置于义齿两侧，通过将所述马里兰桥翼板与患者真牙粘结以将所述义齿安装于患者口腔内，所述马里兰桥翼板包括翼板基体，所述翼板基体包括内侧的粘结面和外侧面，所述外侧面外包裹外观层，所述粘结面为与患者真牙粘结的一面；所述粘结面设置纹路，所述纹路为凹陷纹路和/或凸出纹路；所述外观层的透射率高于所述翼板基体的透射率。本发明提供的马里兰桥翼板易于粘结，不易脱落。
The present invention relates to a Maryland bridge wing plate and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the Maryland bridge wing plate is arranged on both sides of a denture, and the denture is installed in the patient's oral cavity by bonding the Maryland bridge wing plate to the patient's real teeth, wherein the Maryland bridge wing plate comprises a wing plate base, wherein the wing plate base comprises an inner bonding surface and an outer side surface, wherein the outer side surface is wrapped with an appearance layer, wherein the bonding surface is a surface bonded to the patient's real teeth; wherein the bonding surface is provided with textures, wherein the textures are concave textures and/or convex textures; and wherein the transmittance of the appearance layer is higher than the transmittance of the wing plate base. The Maryland bridge wing plate provided by the present invention is easy to bond and not easy to fall off.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dental restorations, in particular to a maryland bridge wing plate and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Maryland bridge (also known as adhesive bridge) plays an important role in the field of dental restoration by its design concept of non-molar or reduced molar. Conventional maryland bridge fabrication materials are varied, such as thin metallic materials, composite resins, polymeric porcelain, zirconia, high Performance Polymers (HPP), fiberglass, and the like. These materials are chosen to balance aesthetic effects, biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and cost effectiveness. The Maryland bridge avoids a great deal of grinding off healthy adjacent tooth tissues, reduces the pain and fear of patients, keeps higher beautiful degree and comfort degree at the same time, does not need daily wearing and provides a semi-permanent fixing repair scheme for the patients. In addition, its semi-reversible design allows re-bonding or conversion to other restorative means after failure of bonding, also with some periodontal splinting effect on partially loose teeth.
However, despite the advantages of the maryland bridge, the existing structural design thereof still has limitations. Traditional maryland bridges rely on two separate flaps for adhesive retention, the adhesive area is limited to only the lingual side of the teeth, the adhesive area is limited, and the sensitivity of the adhesive technology is increased. The physician must follow a complex bonding procedure to ensure denture stability and prevent removal. For maryland bridges of metallic materials, it was found that the perforation of the metal flaps improved the bond strength to some extent, but the exposure of the metal base resulted in poor aesthetics of the patient after oral restoration.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a new bridge wing to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a Maryland bridge wing plate and a manufacturing method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the Maryland bridge in the prior art is low in bonding strength and easy to fall off.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a maryland bridge blade, which is disposed at both sides of a denture, the denture being mounted in the oral cavity of a patient by bonding the maryland bridge blade to the patient's real teeth,
The Maryland bridge wing plate comprises a wing plate substrate, wherein the wing plate substrate comprises an inner bonding surface and an outer side surface, the outer side surface is wrapped with an appearance layer, the bonding surface is one surface bonded with real teeth of a patient, lines are arranged on the bonding surface, the lines are concave lines and/or convex lines, and the transmissivity of the appearance layer is higher than that of the wing plate substrate.
Further, the thickness range of the Maryland bridge wing plate is 0.3-1 cm.
Further, the thickness range of the wing plate matrix is 0.2-0.9 cm, and the thickness range of the appearance layer is 0.1-0.8 cm.
Further, the material of the wing plate matrix is zirconia, the material of the appearance layer is high-permeability zirconia, and the high-permeability zirconia is a mixture of yttria and zirconia.
Further, the lines are continuous line lines, the protruding or recessed depth of the lines is 10-30 μm, the width of the lines is 50-100 μm, and the distance between two adjacent stripe lines is 100-200 μm.
Further, the pattern is an intermittent pattern, the intermittent pattern comprises at least one of star, dot, hexagon, triangle, square and slash, the protruding or recessed depth of the pattern is 10-30 μm, the width of the pattern is 50-100 μm, and the interval between two adjacent patterns is 100-200 μm.
Further, the zirconia material of the wing plate matrix is doped with a preset coloring agent, the coloring agent comprises one or more of erbium nitrate, neodymium nitrate, praseodymium nitrate and ferric nitrate, and the exterior layer is coated with a glaze layer.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a malilan bridge wing panel, the method comprising:
acquiring an initial three-dimensional structure of a Maryland bridge wing plate for denture installation of a patient;
The method comprises the steps that structural configuration is carried out on an initial three-dimensional structure, a wing plate substrate and an appearance layer are divided from the initial three-dimensional structure, the wing plate substrate comprises an inner bonding surface and an outer side surface, the appearance layer is wrapped outside the outer side surface, lines are arranged on the bonding surface, and the lines are concave lines and/or convex lines, so that the configuration three-dimensional structure of the Maryland bridge wing plate is obtained;
A protective layer with preset thickness is arranged on the outline of the outer layer of the Maryland bridge wing plate, which is provided with the three-dimensional structure, so that printing three-dimensional structure data is obtained;
preparing a first ink for printing a wing plate matrix, preparing a second ink for printing an appearance layer, and preparing a support material ink for printing a protective layer;
filling the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink into a 3D printer, and performing 3D printing according to the printing three-dimensional structure data to obtain a green body;
and cleaning the green embryo to remove the protective layer, degreasing and sintering to obtain the Maryland bridge wing plate.
Further, the first ink comprises 30-60wt% of tetragonal phase zirconia, 30-60wt% of ethylene glycol and 10-20wt% of a first dispersing agent;
The second ink comprises 30-60wt% of high-permeability zirconia, 30-60wt% of ethylene glycol and 10-20wt% of a second dispersant, wherein the high-permeability zirconia is a mixture of yttria and zirconia;
The support material ink comprises 30-50wt% of sodium carbonate, 40-60wt% of ethylene glycol and 10-20wt% of a third dispersing agent.
Further, the 3D printer includes three primary ink tanks and three secondary ink tanks, the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink are filled into the 3D printer, 3D printing is performed according to the printing three-dimensional structure data, and a green body is obtained, which includes:
Respectively filling the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink into three primary ink barrels of a 3D printer, wherein each first ink barrel is in a continuous stirring state;
controlling the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink to be fed into three second ink tanks from three first ink tanks in a gradual manner;
Adding a coloring agent into the first ink in a second-level ink barrel corresponding to the first ink to dye the first ink to obtain first dyed ink, wherein the type and the content of the coloring agent are determined according to the preset dyeing color number of the Maryland wing plate, the coloring agent comprises one or more of erbium nitrate, neodymium nitrate, praseodymium nitrate and ferric nitrate, and the concentration range of each coloring agent in the first ink is 0.1-0.8 mol/L;
And controlling a printing nozzle of the 3D printer to print layer by layer according to the three-dimensional structure data, correspondingly spraying the first dyeing ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink according to the structure distribution of each layer, and obtaining the green embryo after finishing 3D printing.
The maryland bridge wing plate and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
According to the Maryland bridge wing plate, the grains are arranged on the bonding surface, so that the contact area between the bonding surface and the real teeth of a patient can be increased, the uniformity of the distribution of the bonding agent on the bonding surface can be improved, the bonding strength between the Maryland bridge wing plate and the real teeth of the patient can be improved, and the falling risk can be reduced. The outer side of the wing plate matrix is wrapped with an appearance layer with higher transmissivity than the wing plate matrix, and the appearance layer can simulate the color and the transparency of natural teeth, so that the aesthetic degree of a patient after oral cavity restoration is improved.
The Maryland bridge wing plate is manufactured by adopting a 3D printing technology, the manufacturing of the wing plate base body and the appearance layer can be completed at one time by precisely controlling the printing process, the printing forming of various textures is directly carried out on the wing plate bonding surface, the operation is simple and convenient, the sand blasting or acid etching treatment in the traditional processing is not needed, the mechanical damage caused by sand blasting or acid etching is avoided, meanwhile, the ultrathin Maryland bridge wing plate realized by printing and integral forming is free from mechanical stress residues in the mechanical processing, the strength is superior to that of die casting and cutting, and the damage is not easy to occur in clinic tooth wearing. The manufacturing method of the invention can realize mass production of the Maryland bridge wing plates without subsequent complex processing steps.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Maryland bridge in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of bonding of a Maryland bridge wing in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a Maryland bridge wing in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the texture of a Maryland bridge wing in one embodiment, wherein (a) is a continuous diagonal stripe and (b) is a continuous straight stripe;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the texture of a Maryland bridge wing in one embodiment, wherein (a) is a triangular pattern, (b) is a dot pattern, (c) is a square pattern, and (d) is a hexagonal pattern;
Fig. 6 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a bridge wing plate in one embodiment.
Figure number:
1, a wing plate, 11, a wing plate base body, 111, a bonding surface, 112, an outer side surface, 113, lines, 1131, patterns, 12, an appearance layer, 2, a denture, 3, a real tooth and 4, a bonding layer.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs, the terms used in the description herein are used for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the invention, and the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description of the invention and the claims and the above description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims or in the above-described figures, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the invention. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
In order to make the person skilled in the art better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a maryland bridge wing plate, wherein the maryland bridge wing plate 1 is disposed at two sides of a denture 2, the denture 2 is mounted in the oral cavity of a patient by bonding the maryland bridge wing plate 1 with the real teeth 3 of the patient, the maryland bridge wing plate 1 comprises a wing plate base 11, the wing plate base 11 comprises an inner bonding surface 111 and an outer side 112, the outer side 112 is wrapped with an appearance layer 12, the bonding surface 111 is one surface bonded with the real teeth 3 of the patient, the bonding surface 111 is provided with a texture 113, the texture 113 is a concave texture and/or a convex texture, and the transmittance of the appearance layer 12 is higher than that of the wing plate base 11.
In this embodiment, the wing plate base 11 of the Maryland bridge wing plate 1 is made of a high-strength biocompatible material, such as titanium alloy, cobalt chromium alloy, zirconia ceramics, etc. The wing base 11 has two opposite faces, an inner bonding face 111 and an outer face 112, respectively. The bonding surface 111 directly contacts and bonds with the patient's real teeth 3. In order to ensure a good bonding effect, the bonding surface 111 is provided with a pattern 113, which may be a concave pattern, a convex pattern or a combination of both. The texture 113 serves to increase the bonding area, enhance the bonding strength, and facilitate uniform distribution of the adhesive during bonding, thereby ensuring the firmness and stability of the bond of the Maryland bridge wing plate 1 to the patient's real teeth 3. The outer side 112 is the outer side surface of the wing plate body 11, and the appearance layer 12 is a layer of material wrapped on the outer side 112 of the wing plate body 11, and can be made of high-transmittance resin, high-transmittance zirconia and other materials. The appearance layer 12 has a higher transmissivity than the wing base 11, so that the maryland bridge wing 1 can present a more natural and attractive appearance in the oral cavity.
The maryland bridge wing plate 1 of the embodiment of the invention realizes the stable installation and beautiful appearance of the denture 2 in the oral cavity by optimizing the combination of the design of the bonding surface 111 and the high light transmittance appearance layer 12.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the bridge flange 1 ranges from 0.3 cm to 1cm.
In this embodiment, the maryland bridge wing plate 1 with the thickness range can ensure that the wing plate 1 has enough mechanical strength to bear chewing pressure and daily wear in the oral cavity, and in addition, the ultrathin thickness can enable doctors to realize extremely small tooth preparation amount during clinical tooth preparation even without tooth preparation in some cases, so that minimally invasive repair is achieved. In addition, the thinner wing panel 1 also more easily achieves high light transmittance of the exterior layer 12, thereby improving aesthetic effects. In the actual manufacturing process, the maryland bridge wing plate 1 with the ultrathin thickness can be prepared by a 3D printing method.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the wing plate substrate 11 ranges from 0.2 cm to 0.9cm, and the thickness of the appearance layer 12 ranges from 0.1 cm to 0.8cm.
In this embodiment, the wing plate base 11 is used as the main bearing structure of the maryland bridge wing plate 1, and the thickness in the above range can ensure that the wing plate base 11 is not easy to deform or damage when bearing chewing pressure in the oral cavity and daily wear, and ensure that the wing plate base 11 has enough mechanical strength and durability.
The thickness of the appearance layer 12 in the above range can ensure that the appearance layer 12 has enough light transmittance, so that the Maryland bridge wing plate 1 presents a more natural and vivid appearance effect in the oral cavity.
In one embodiment, the material of the wing plate base 11 is zirconia, and the material of the appearance layer 12 is high-permeability zirconia, and the high-permeability zirconia is a mixture of yttria and zirconia.
In this embodiment, zirconia is a ceramic material with high strength, high hardness and good biocompatibility, can withstand chewing pressure and daily wear in the oral cavity, and can maintain good compatibility with the oral tissues of a patient, reducing irritation and rejection. Thus, the zirconia layer density is as high as 6.05g/cm 3, ensuring the high strength properties of the blade substrate 11.
High-permeability zirconia is a special ceramic material made by adding an appropriate amount of yttria to zirconia. In one embodiment, the high-permeability zirconia is a mixture of yttria and zirconia, wherein the molar ratio of yttria to zirconia= (5-8): (92-95). The high-permeability zirconia maintains the high strength and biocompatibility of the zirconia, has a transmissivity of up to 55-70%, and presents the aesthetic texture of ceramic, thereby being capable of simulating the luster and transparency of natural teeth and improving the aesthetic effect of the maryland bridge wing plate 1.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the lines 113 are continuous lines, the protruding or recessed depth of the lines 113 is 10 μm to 30 μm, the width of the lines 113 is 50 μm to 100 μm, and the interval between two adjacent lines 113 is 100 μm to 200 μm.
In this embodiment, the protruding or recessed depth of the ridge 113 is controlled within the range of 10 μm to 30 μm, too shallow ridge 113 cannot provide enough effect of enhancing bonding contact, too deep ridge 113 may increase the penetration difficulty of the adhesive, affect the bonding effect, and too deep ridge 113 may also increase the thickness of the bridge wing plate 1. The width of the lines 113 is set to be 50 μm to 100 μm and the pitch is controlled to be in the range of 100 μm to 200 μm, so as to ensure that the lines 113 have sufficient distribution density and proper bonding area on the bonding surface 111, and simultaneously avoid the decrease of bonding strength caused by the excessively wide lines 113.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the pattern 113 is an intermittent pattern, and the pattern 1131 adopted by the intermittent pattern includes at least one of a star shape, a dot shape, a hexagon shape, a triangle shape, a square shape, and a diagonal beam, the depth of the protrusion or depression of the pattern 1131 is 10 μm to 30 μm, the width of the pattern 1131 is 50 μm to 100 μm, and the interval between two adjacent patterns 1131 is 100 μm to 200 μm.
In this embodiment, the above-mentioned pattern 1131 is selected to ensure that the pattern 1131 has a certain bonding area, so as to further improve the bonding effect. The protrusion or depression depth of the pattern 1131 is controlled to be in the range of 10 μm to 30 μm. This depth range is selected to ensure that the pattern 1131 provides sufficient adhesion contact area increasing effect while avoiding the increased difficulty of adhesive penetration caused by too deep a pattern 1131 and avoiding the increase in thickness of the malian bridge wing panel 1. The width of the pattern 1131 is set to 50 μm to 100 μm to ensure that the pattern 1131 has a sufficient bonding area on the bonding surface 111 while avoiding the decrease in bonding strength caused by the excessively wide pattern 1131. The interval between two adjacent patterns 1131 is controlled within the range of 100-200 μm, so that the independence between the patterns 1131 is ensured, the bonding contact area is increased, the uniform distribution of the adhesive between the patterns 1131 is ensured, and the bonding effect is further improved.
In a specific embodiment, the zirconia material of the wing plate base 11 is doped with a preset coloring agent, the coloring agent comprises one or more of erbium nitrate, neodymium nitrate, praseodymium nitrate and ferric nitrate, and the exterior layer 12 is coated with a glaze layer (not shown in the drawing).
In this embodiment, the zirconia material of the wing plate base 11 is doped with a predetermined coloring agent to perform coloring, so that the color of the Maryland bridge wing plate 1 is similar to the tooth color of the patient. The above colorants each have unique color characteristics that can impart different color effects to the zirconia material. The zirconium oxide material can be made to have pink or red color tone by the erbium nitrate, purple or blue-violet color tone by the neodymium nitrate, light green or yellow-green color tone by the praseodymium nitrate, grey or black color tone by the ferric nitrate. In practical operation, the doping amount, the type and the combination mode of the coloring agent can be customized individually according to the tooth color of a patient and the repair requirement. By precisely controlling the doping process of the dye, it is ensured that the wing plate base 11 exhibits the desired color effect after sintering.
In order to further enhance the glossiness and the wear resistance of the Maryland bridge wing plate 1, the outer surface of the appearance layer 12 is coated with a glaze layer, so that the appearance layer 12 can be protected from daily wear and corrosion, and the overall aesthetic property and the texture of the wing plate 1 can be improved. The glaze material adopts glaze liquid special for dentistry, and when brushing the glaze layer, a dyeing pen is used for uniformly brushing the glaze on the outer surface of the appearance layer 12. After the brushing is completed, sintering treatment is performed to tightly bond and cure the glaze layer and the appearance layer 12.
According to the Maryland bridge wing plate 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the grains 113 are arranged on the bonding surface 111, so that on one hand, the contact area between the bonding surface 111 and the real teeth 3 of a patient can be increased, and on the other hand, the uniformity of the distribution of the bonding agent on the bonding surface 111 can be improved, further, the bonding strength between the Maryland bridge wing plate 1 and the real teeth 3 of the patient is improved, and the falling risk is reduced. The outer side surface 112 of the wing plate substrate 11 is wrapped with an appearance layer 12 with higher transmissivity than the wing plate substrate 11, and the appearance layer 12 can simulate the color and the transparency of natural teeth, so that the aesthetic degree of the mouth of a patient after the mouth rehabilitation is improved.
Referring to fig. 6, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a manufacturing method of the maryland bridge wing plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring an initial three-dimensional structure of a Maryland bridge wing plate for mounting a false tooth 2 of a patient;
S2, carrying out structural configuration on the initial three-dimensional structure, and dividing a wing plate substrate 11 and an appearance layer 12 from the initial three-dimensional structure, wherein the wing plate substrate 11 comprises an inner bonding surface 111 and an outer side surface 112, the outer side surface 112 is wrapped with the appearance layer 12, the bonding surface 111 is provided with grains 113, and the grains 113 are concave grains and/or convex grains, so that the configured three-dimensional structure of the Maryland bridge wing plate is obtained;
s3, arranging a protective layer with preset thickness on the outline of the outer layer of the configured three-dimensional structure of the Maryland bridge wing plate to obtain printing three-dimensional structure data;
S4, preparing first ink for printing the wing plate substrate 11, preparing second ink for printing the appearance layer 12, and preparing support material ink for printing the protective layer;
s5, filling the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink into a 3D printer, and performing 3D printing according to the printing three-dimensional structure data to obtain a green body;
and S6, cleaning the green embryo to remove the protective layer, degreasing and sintering to obtain the Maryland bridge wing plate.
In this embodiment, in the step S1, the initial three-dimensional structure of the mali bridge wing plate is created by using computer software according to the oral scan data or the oral impression of the patient.
Specifically, taking the maryland bridge wing panel design by adopting 3shape DengtalSystem software as an example, the design flow is as follows:
(1) The software is opened, corresponding dental positions are selected according to the dental order, corresponding modules are clicked, for example, dental bridge and Maryland bridge wing plate combination design is selected, and a design order is established;
(2) Leading-in scanning, namely leading the upper and lower jaw model scanning parts into design orders respectively;
(3) Preparing a scanning piece, namely opening a design order, adjusting an occlusion plane, trimming the edge of a model and engraving the model;
(4) The insertion direction confirmation, namely setting the insertion direction of the Maryland bridge;
(5) Setting an interface:
a. edge determination, namely drawing each unit edge line along a clinical tooth preparation shoulder on the model;
b. the adhesive parameters are determined by selecting the adhesive type of the adhesive layer 4, such as dual-curing resin, water gate, etc., and setting the adhesive gap of the adhesive layer 4, such as 0.01-0.03 mm, 0.01-0.08 mm, etc.
(6) Anatomical morphology design:
a. Selecting an anatomical dental model, namely selecting a proper anatomical dental model according to the surface model in a dental model database;
b. arranging dental arches, namely arranging dental arches according to the dental arches, and adjusting the size, the direction and the proportion of the dental arches;
c. Tooth form trimming, namely adjusting tooth form, trimming tooth radian, size, curve, convexity, high point and abutment, so as to coordinate tooth form and natural teeth.
(7) And (3) exporting design data, namely storing the design form of the Maryland bridge, and exporting an STL file, namely the initial three-dimensional structure of the wing plate of the Maryland bridge.
In the above step S2, after the initial three-dimensional structure is obtained, the structure is arranged to divide the wing plate base body 11 and the exterior layer 12. Specifically, the configuration may be performed by using a method of setting a clip for selecting the thickness of the wing plate base 11 and the appearance layer 12 of the wing plate of the maryland bridge and selecting the dyeing color number of the wing plate base 11 for the wing plate STL file of step S1.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the bridge flange 1 ranges from 0.3 cm to 1cm.
In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the wing plate substrate 11 ranges from 0.2 cm to 0.9cm, and the thickness of the appearance layer 12 ranges from 0.1 cm to 0.8cm.
In one embodiment, the material of the wing plate base 11 is zirconia, and the material of the appearance layer 12 is high-permeability zirconia, and the high-permeability zirconia is a mixture of yttria and zirconia. In one embodiment, the high-permeability zirconia is a mixture of yttria and zirconia, wherein the molar ratio of yttria to zirconia= (5-8): (92-95).
The texture 113 on the bonding surface 111 may be a continuous line texture, an intermittent pattern texture, or the like. Specifically, the maryland bridge wing plate STL file in step S1 may be imported magics by software to set a texture structure on the bonding surface 111 of the maryland bridge wing plate, and set parameters of the texture 113. In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the lines 113 are continuous lines, the protruding or recessed depth of the lines 113 is 10 μm to 30 μm, the width of the lines 113 is 50 μm to 100 μm, and the interval between two adjacent lines 113 is 100 μm to 200 μm. In another embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the pattern 113 is an intermittent pattern, and the pattern 1131 used by the intermittent pattern includes at least one of a star shape, a dot shape, a hexagon shape, a triangle shape, a square shape, and a diagonal bar, the depth of the protrusion or depression of the pattern 1131 is 10 μm to 30 μm, the width of the pattern 1131 is 50 μm to 100 μm, and the interval between two adjacent patterns 1131 is 100 μm to 200 μm. And after the structural configuration is completed, the configuration three-dimensional structure of the Maryland bridge wing plate is obtained.
In the step S3, in order to protect the integrity of the bridge wing plate in the 3D printing process, a protective layer with a preset thickness is required to be disposed on the outer contour of the three-dimensional structure. This protective layer will prevent deformation or damage during printing due to insufficient support structure. The preset thickness is, for example, 1-2 mm.
After the setting is successful, the 3shape DengtalSystem software automatically generates a slice pixel bitmap file from the three-dimensional structure to obtain the printed three-dimensional structure data, and in a specific embodiment, the thickness of the transverse slice is 5-10 mu m, and the slice is packaged after finishing and sent to a controller of the 3D printer through a local area network.
In the above step S4, according to the material and design requirements of the marangoni wing, a first ink for printing the wing substrate 11, a second ink for printing the appearance layer 12, and a support material ink for printing the protective layer are prepared.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in one embodiment,
The first ink comprises 30-60 wt% of tetragonal zirconia, 30-60 wt% of ethylene glycol and 10-20 wt% of a first dispersing agent;
The second ink comprises 30-60wt% of high-permeability zirconia, 30-60wt% of ethylene glycol and 10-20wt% of a second dispersing agent, wherein the high-permeability zirconia is a mixture of yttrium oxide and zirconium oxide, and in a specific embodiment, the high-permeability zirconia is a mixture of yttrium oxide and zirconium oxide, and the molar ratio of the yttrium oxide to the zirconium oxide= (5-8): (92-95);
the supporting material ink comprises 30-50wt% of sodium carbonate, 40-60wt% of ethylene glycol and 10-20wt% of a third dispersing agent, wherein the sodium carbonate is used as a supporting material and has the characteristic of easy removal.
The first dispersant, the second dispersant and the third dispersant respectively have the function of uniformly dispersing corresponding particles in ethylene glycol. The dispersing agent may be any dispersing agent suitable in the prior art, for example, an ionic polymer dispersing agent.
In the step S5, the prepared first ink, second ink and supporting material ink are loaded into a 3D printer, and 3D printing is performed according to the three-dimensional structure data. In the printing process, the 3D printer prints layer by layer according to the slice pixel bitmaps to form blanks of the Maryland bridge wing plates.
In a specific embodiment, the 3D printer includes three primary ink tanks and three secondary ink tanks, the step S5 of filling the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink into the 3D printer, and performing 3D printing according to the printing three-dimensional structure data to obtain a green blank includes:
S501, respectively filling the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink into three primary ink tanks of a 3D printer, wherein each of the first ink tanks is in a continuous stirring state;
s502, controlling to gradually feed the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink into three second ink tanks from three first ink tanks respectively;
S503, in a secondary ink barrel corresponding to the first ink, adding a coloring agent into the first ink to obtain first dyed ink, wherein the type and the content of the coloring agent are determined according to the preset dyeing color number of the Maryland wing plate, the coloring agent comprises one or more of erbium nitrate, neodymium nitrate, praseodymium nitrate and ferric nitrate, and the concentration range of each coloring agent in the first ink is 0.1-0.8 mol/L;
s504, controlling a printing nozzle of the 3D printer to print layer by layer according to the printing three-dimensional structure data, correspondingly spraying the first dyeing ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink according to the structure distribution of each layer, and obtaining the green blank after finishing 3D printing.
The 3D printer used in the present embodiment includes three primary ink tanks and three secondary ink tanks, and such a configuration can ensure simultaneous loading and supply of the first ink, the second ink, and the support material ink, thereby improving printing efficiency and flexibility.
In the above step S501, the first ink, the second ink, and the supporting material ink are respectively loaded into three primary ink tanks of the 3D printer. The three primary ink tanks are used for respectively loading the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink. These primary ink tanks are each equipped with a continuous stirring device to ensure that the ink remains in a uniform state during loading and supply, preventing settling or agglomeration of the particles. The stirring speed is set to, for example, 150 to 300rpm.
In step S502, each of the secondary ink tanks is a primary ink tank for receiving ink fed from the primary ink tank. The first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink are controlled to be fed into the three second ink tanks from the three first ink tanks in a gradual manner, the feeding process is stable and continuous, and the feeding quantity of the ink can be controlled by adjusting the feeding speed so as to meet the requirements in the printing process. Specifically, the liquid inlet amount of the primary ink tank can be controlled by a liquid level sensor. The secondary ink tank acts to stabilize the pressure and prevent the dyed ink from mixing with the undyed ink.
In the step S503, the first ink is dyed by adding the dye into the second ink tank corresponding to the first ink. The type and content of the coloring agent are determined according to the preset coloring number of the Maryland bridge wing plate. In this embodiment, the coloring agent includes one or more of erbium nitrate, neodymium nitrate, praseodymium nitrate, and ferric nitrate. The concentration range of each coloring agent in the first ink is controlled to be 0.1-0.8 mol/L so as to ensure that the dyeing effect is uniform and meets the design requirement. The procedure of adding the corresponding color number coloring agent is carried out according to the set recope in the secondary ink barrel filled with the first ink before printing, so that internal dyeing is realized when the wing plate substrate 11 is printed, as the tooth colors are different in each batch of printing, after each printing is finished, the spraying system of the 3D printer can start a self-cleaning function, the secondary ink barrel filled with the first ink is subjected to positive pressure cleaning by adding cleaning liquid, after cleaning, the cleaning liquid is discharged to the waste liquid barrel, and the cleaning liquid and the waste liquid can be used as maintenance.
In the step S504, the printing head of the 3D printer is controlled to print layer by layer according to the three-dimensional structure data. The secondary ink barrel is connected with the piezoelectric printing spray heads, the printer is provided with 3 groups of piezoelectric printing spray heads, the number of each group is 6-12, the number of spray holes of each spray head is 512-1024, the diameter of each spray hole is 50-100 mu m, and the printing forming precision is 0.03-0.1 mm. In the printing process, the piezoelectric printing nozzle correspondingly sprays the first dyeing ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink according to the distribution of the wing plate matrix 11, the appearance layer 12 and the protective layer in the pixel bitmap file of each slice of the three-dimensional structure data.
In an exemplary embodiment, a group of piezoelectric printing heads first ejects 0.5-1 mm of supporting material ink on a printing substrate to form a substrate horizontal to the bottom plate of the piezoelectric printing heads, and then three groups of piezoelectric printing heads eject three kinds of ink on the substrate according to the pixel distribution of each layer of slice pixel bitmap file. The ink drop volume of the piezoelectric printing nozzle is 10-20 pl, and the printing and the spraying can be accurately and uniformly performed layer by layer according to the pixel points corresponding to the first ink, the second ink and the supporting material ink. In the spraying process, the printing substrate has a constant temperature heating function, a plurality of constant temperature heating lamps are arranged at the same horizontal plane with the bottom plate of the spray head, and the temperature of the bottom and the upper surface of the substrate is kept at 100-200 ℃ so that three inks are evaporated to obtain a molded green blank. The spraying system has a self-maintenance function, after a certain number of layers are printed and sprayed, the system automatically pauses printing, short-time maintenance is performed, a cleaning program of the positive pressure filling spray head is maintained, and the through hole rate of the spray head is ensured to enable the material proportion to be more accurate.
The embodiment directly prints and forms the wing plate bonding surface 111 with various textures through 3D printing, is simple and convenient to operate, does not need sandblasting or acid etching treatment in traditional processing, avoids mechanical damage caused by sandblasting or acid etching, and meanwhile, the ultra-thin Maryland bridge wing plate realized through printing and integrated forming has the material strength of up to 800Mpa, does not have mechanical stress residues in mechanical processing, has the strength superior to die casting and cutting, and is not easy to damage in clinical tooth wearing. The Maryland bridge wing plate of the embodiment has a very thin thickness, is comparable to a casting process, but has a simpler process than die casting, can be produced in batches, and can realize the printing production of Maryland bridges of 800 units at a time, and the total time length is only 8-10 hours. The ultra-thin Maryland bridge vane thickness enables doctors to realize extremely small tooth preparation amount during clinical tooth preparation, even some cases do not need tooth preparation, and thus, minimally invasive repair is achieved.
In the step S6, after printing is completed, the green body is taken out from the 3D printer, and the protective layer is cleaned and removed. The cleaning process should ensure complete removal of support material and residue. And degreasing the cleaned green embryo to remove organic matters and impurities in the ink. After degreasing is completed, the green body is sintered to be solidified and to achieve the required strength and hardness. The temperature and atmosphere conditions should be strictly controlled during sintering to ensure the quality and performance of the flange of the Maryland bridge.
The method for removing the supporting material and degreasing and sintering the green blanks comprises the steps of placing the green blanks into a cleaning tank filled with deionized water, wherein the cleaning tank has the functions of constant-temperature heating and water flow control, water is kept at a constant temperature of 30-35 ℃ in the cleaning process, the water flow speed is 300-1000L/h, the water-soluble supporting material is efficiently removed within 2-5 hours, no human intervention is needed, and the obtained Maryland bridge wing plate product has uniform and stable quality. And (3) placing the cleaned maryland bridge wing plate product into a hot air blowing box for drying, wherein the temperature is set to be 60-90 ℃, and the holding time is 15-30 min. After the drying is finished, placing the maryland bridge wing plate blanks into a muffle furnace for degreasing, wherein the degreasing process is set to be that the temperature is raised from 0 ℃ to 250 ℃ at the speed of 5 to 10 ℃ per minute, the heat preservation time is 80 to 150 minutes, the temperature is raised from 250 ℃ to 450 ℃ at the speed of 5 to 10 ℃ per minute, the heat preservation time is 100 to 250 minutes, the temperature is raised from 450 ℃ to 800 ℃ at the speed of 1 to 5 ℃ per minute, and the heat preservation time is 150 to 300 minutes. After degreasing is finished, heating from 0 ℃ to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 20-30 ℃ per minute, heating from 1000 ℃ to 1350-1550 ℃ at a heating rate of 5-10 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-2 h at 1350-1550 ℃ and finally cooling to obtain the Maryland bridge wing plate.
Further, glazing the obtained maryland bridge wing plate. Specifically, glaze liquid special for dentistry can be evenly mixed with glaze powder in a palette to form an oil shape, a Maryland bridge wing plate to be glazed is clamped by a clamp holder, then a dyeing pen is used for dyeing and brushing, the thickness of a glaze layer coating is 0.05-0.1 mm, a cutting end is transparent, the color of a Maryland bridge wing plate tooth body is consistent with that of a colorimetric plate, a layer is evenly coated on the surface of the Maryland bridge wing plate tooth body, the maximum temperature is 900 ℃, the Maryland bridge wing plate tooth body is baked in a porcelain baking furnace for 15min, and a Maryland bridge wing plate finished product finally glazed is obtained after being taken out and naturally cooled.
The Maryland bridge wing plate is manufactured by adopting a 3D printing technology, the manufacturing of the wing plate base body 11 and the appearance layer 12 can be completed at one time by precisely controlling the printing process, the printing forming of various lines is directly carried out on the wing plate bonding surface 111, the operation is simple and convenient, the traditional processing sand blasting or acid etching treatment is not needed, the mechanical damage caused by sand blasting or acid etching is avoided, meanwhile, the ultrathin Maryland bridge wing plate realized by printing and integral forming has no mechanical stress residue in mechanical processing, the strength is superior to that of die casting and cutting, and the damage is not easy to occur in clinic tooth wearing. The manufacturing method of the invention can realize mass production of the Maryland bridge wing plates without subsequent complex processing steps.
It is apparent that the above-described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, which do not limit the scope of the patent claims. This invention may be embodied in many different forms, but rather, embodiments are provided in order to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing description, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. All equivalent structures made by the content of the specification and the drawings of the invention are directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, and are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
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