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CN119306355A - A high oil content sewage treatment system and method - Google Patents

A high oil content sewage treatment system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119306355A
CN119306355A CN202411637876.7A CN202411637876A CN119306355A CN 119306355 A CN119306355 A CN 119306355A CN 202411637876 A CN202411637876 A CN 202411637876A CN 119306355 A CN119306355 A CN 119306355A
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Prior art keywords
oil
sewage
outlet
separation
water
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Inventor
杨东海
罗小明
袁硕
吕宇玲
张宏阳
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Priority to CN202411637876.7A priority Critical patent/CN119306355A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/463—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrocoagulation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
    • C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
    • C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/48—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with magnetic or electric fields
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield produced water purification, in particular to a high-oil-content sewage treatment system and method. The high-oil-content sewage treatment system comprises an oil-water separation module and a sewage treatment module, wherein the oil-water separation module is used for separating oil from water, the sewage treatment module is used for flocculating and separating residual greasy dirt and pollutants, and the sewage is subjected to electrocatalytic oxidation to degrade pollutants such as organic matters and nitrogen in the sewage, so that harmless treatment of the sewage is realized.

Description

High-oil-content sewage treatment system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield produced water purification, in particular to a high-oil-content sewage treatment system and method.
Background
The disclosure of this background section is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The oil field has large oil-containing sewage, complex components, difficult degradation and wide pollution range, and particularly, the tertiary oil recovery technology is applied to the large scale of the oil field, so that a large amount of high-emulsification, high-viscosity and high-oil-content sewage is generated, and the difficulty of sewage treatment of the oil field is aggravated. The oil in the sewage has various distribution forms, including floating oil, dispersed oil, emulsified oil and the like, and oil drops with large particle size are relatively easy to remove in conventional separation, while oil drops with small particle size can be effectively separated by other technologies. In addition to oil-like substances, high-oil-content sewage also contains a large amount of organic matters and nitrogen pollutants which are difficult to degrade. If the oily sewage is directly discharged, serious environmental pollution is caused, and adverse effects are generated on human beings, animals, plants and ecological systems. Aiming at the sewage treatment, a single treatment mode cannot be fully suitable for removing all pollutants, the existing sewage treatment technology mostly adopts a single flocculation technology or oxidation technology to realize oil-water separation and organic matter degradation, and meanwhile, chemical agents such as flocculating agents and the like are added into a water body in the flocculation process, and the treatment technology can increase the treatment cost and cause secondary pollution to the water body, so that the research on efficient and clean oilfield sewage treatment technology has become a new direction for oilfield development and ecological environment protection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a high-oil-content sewage treatment system and a high-oil-content sewage treatment method.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a high oil contaminated water treatment system comprising:
An oil-water separation module and a sewage treatment module;
the oil-water separation module comprises a first oil-water separation unit and a second oil-water separation unit, wherein the first oil-water separation unit comprises a solid-liquid separation tank, the solid-liquid separation tank comprises a first outlet and a second outlet, the first outlet is connected with a crude oil dehydrator, the second oil-water separation unit comprises a coalescence separator, the coalescence separator is connected with the crude oil dehydrator, and the coalescence separator is connected with the second outlet;
the sewage treatment module comprises a flocculation separation unit and an electrocatalytic oxidation unit;
the coalescence-separation device is sequentially connected with the flocculation separation unit and the electrocatalytic oxidation unit.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating high oil-containing sewage, comprising:
Oil-water separation is carried out on the sewage with high oil content, and oil and sewage after oil separation are respectively collected;
And (3) carrying out electrolytic flocculation on the sewage from which the oil is separated, magnetically separating flocculate, and then carrying out electrocatalytic oxidation treatment on the effluent from which the flocculate is separated.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the high-oil-content sewage treatment system provided by the invention, firstly, the oil-water separation is realized through the oil-water separation module, a large amount of floating oil and dispersed oil in sewage are removed, then the flocculation separation of residual greasy dirt and pollutants is realized through the sewage treatment module, and then the pollutants such as organic matters, nitrogen and the like in the sewage are degraded through electrocatalytic oxidation, so that the harmless treatment of the sewage is realized. The method comprises the steps of enabling high-oil-content sewage to enter a solid-liquid separation tank of a first oil-water separation unit for solid-liquid separation, separating a large amount of floating oil in the solid-liquid separation tank, enabling the floating oil to enter a crude oil dehydrator, enabling the small amount of floating oil to enter a second oil-water separation unit for water-oil separation again, and enabling the solid impurities such as sediment to enter a sewage discharge pipeline. The second oil-water separation unit separates and produces a small amount of floating oil and a large amount of sewage, wherein the small amount of floating oil also enters the crude oil dehydrator, the floating oil is dehydrated in the crude oil dehydrator, a large amount of crude oil with low water content after dehydration can be recycled and reprocessed, and the rest sewage and the sewage separated in the second oil-water separation unit enter the flocculation separation unit together for electric flocculation, so that the emulsified oil with small particle size forms floccules with large particle size, the floccules are further removed through the magnetic separator, and the sewage after flocculation separation enters the electrocatalytic oxidation unit for harmless treatment. The multi-level separation design remarkably improves the sewage treatment effect, particularly removes emulsified oil with the particle size of micron and other pollution elements still existing after coalescence and separation, and solves the problem that the traditional sewage treatment technology cannot deeply treat the sewage with high oil content.
(2) According to the invention, most of suspended oil samples can be removed through twice oil-water separation treatment, so that the high oil content in the water body is reduced, the loads of subsequent flocculation, separation and oxidation treatment are reduced, the passivation phenomenon caused by a large amount of pollutants attached to the subsequent electrode plates is avoided, and the normal operation of electrochemical reaction is ensured. The settled sewage enters a flocculation separation and catalytic oxidation unit, and is subjected to high-efficiency separation aiming at small-particle-size emulsified oil, organic pollutants and nitrogen pollutants in the sewage, and compared with a single treatment technology, the sewage can be subjected to thorough separation treatment.
(3) Compared with the prior sewage treatment technology, the invention adopts a modularized design, and comprises solid-liquid separation, coalescence separation, electric flocculation, magnetic separation and electric catalytic oxidation modules. The modules are independent and connected with each other, and the combination mode can be flexibly adjusted according to different oil contents and pollution characteristics of sewage so as to adapt to different treatment requirements. For example, when treating sewage with higher oil content, the working time of coalescence and separation can be increased, and when treating sewage with higher organic content, the treatment time of electrocatalytic oxidation can be prolonged or the cyclic treatment can be performed again. The whole treatment process can gradually treat oil drops with different particle size ranges, gradually reduces the oil content and the pollutant content in the sewage, and the processes are matched in a cooperative manner to establish good conditions for subsequent treatment.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high oil content sewage treatment system of the present invention, wherein 1 is a solid-liquid separation tank, 2-1 is a first centrifugal pump, 2-2 is a second centrifugal pump, 3 is a heater, 4 is a coalescing separator, 5 is a settling tank, 6 is a crude oil dehydrator, 7 is an electrolytic cell, 8 is a magnetic separator, 9 is an electrocatalytic oxidation tank, 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5, 10-6, 10-7, 10-8, 10-9, 10-10 are flow valves, 11-1 is a first blow-down valve, 11-2 is a second blow-down valve, 11-3 is a third blow-down valve, 12 is a spoiler, 12-1 is a water pipe, and 12-2 is a helical blade;
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a spoiler, wherein 12-1 is a water pipe and 12-2 is a helical blade.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
In a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a high oil sewage treatment system including:
An oil-water separation module and a sewage treatment module;
the oil-water separation module comprises a first oil-water separation unit and a second oil-water separation unit, wherein the first oil-water separation unit comprises a solid-liquid separation tank, the solid-liquid separation tank comprises a first outlet and a second outlet, the first outlet is connected with a crude oil dehydrator, the second oil-water separation unit comprises a coalescence separator, the coalescence separator is connected with the crude oil dehydrator, and the coalescence separator is connected with the second outlet;
the sewage treatment module comprises a flocculation separation unit and an electrocatalytic oxidation unit, and the coalescence separator is sequentially connected with the flocculation separation unit and the electrocatalytic oxidation unit.
In one or more embodiments, the solid liquid displacement tank further comprises a third outlet in communication with the blowdown line.
In one or more embodiments, the second outlet of the solid liquid separation tank is connected to an inlet of a heater, and the outlet of the heater is connected to an inlet of the coalescing separator.
In one or more embodiments, the outlet of the coalescing separator is connected with the inlet of the settling tank.
Preferably, the settling tank comprises a fourth outlet connected to the crude oil dehydrator and a fifth outlet connected to the spoiler.
Further preferably, the turbulence generator is connected to a flocculation separation unit.
Further preferably, the crude oil dehydrator comprises a sixth outlet connected to a spoiler.
Further preferably, the spoiler is a spiral spoiler, the spiral spoiler comprises a water conveying pipeline, and spiral blades are arranged on the inner wall of the water conveying pipeline along the length direction of the water conveying pipeline.
In one or more embodiments, the flocculation separation unit includes an electrolytic cell and a magnetic separator connected in sequence.
Preferably, the anode material of the electrolytic cell is an iron-aluminum alloy.
In one or more embodiments, the electrocatalytic oxidation unit comprises an electrocatalytic oxidation tank, and the electrocatalytic oxidation unit is connected with a second oil-water separation unit.
In a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for treating high oil-containing sewage, comprising:
Oil-water separation is carried out on the sewage with high oil content, and oil and sewage after oil separation are respectively collected;
And (3) carrying out electrolytic flocculation on the sewage from which the oil is separated, magnetically separating flocculate, and then carrying out electrocatalytic oxidation treatment on the effluent from which the flocculate is separated.
In one or more embodiments, the collected oil is recovered for reprocessing.
In order to enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a high oil sewage treatment system includes:
An oil-water separation module and a sewage treatment module;
The oil-water separation module comprises a first oil-water separation unit and a second oil-water separation unit, wherein the first oil-water separation unit comprises a solid-liquid separation tank 1, the solid-liquid separation tank 1 comprises a first outlet and a second outlet, the first outlet is connected with a crude oil dehydrator 6 through a first centrifugal pump 2-1, the second oil-water separation unit comprises a coalescence separator 4, the coalescence separator 4 is connected with the crude oil dehydrator 6, and the coalescence separator 4 is connected with the second outlet;
The sewage treatment module comprises a flocculation separation unit and an electrocatalytic oxidation unit;
the coalescing separator 4 is in turn connected to a flocculation separation unit and an electrocatalytic oxidation unit.
The solid-liquid separation tank 1 further comprises a third outlet, and the third outlet is communicated with the sewage drain pipeline. The high-oil-content sewage firstly enters a solid-liquid separation tank of a first oil-water separation unit for solid-liquid separation, a large amount of floating oil is separated from the solid-liquid separation tank, the floating oil enters a crude oil dehydrator through a first outlet, a small amount of floating oil enters a second oil-water separation unit through a second outlet for water-oil separation again, and solid impurities such as sediment enter a sewage drain through a third outlet.
In the second oil-water separation unit, a second outlet of the solid-liquid separation tank 1 is connected with an inlet of the heater 3 through a second centrifugal pump 2-2, and an outlet of the heater 3 is connected with an inlet of the coalescence-separator 4. The outlet of the coalescing separator 4 is connected to the inlet of a settling tank 5. The settling tank 5 comprises a fourth outlet, a fifth outlet and a seventh outlet, wherein the fourth outlet is connected with the crude oil dehydrator 6, the fifth outlet is connected with the spoiler 12, the seventh outlet is connected with the sewage drain pipe, and the spoiler is connected with the flocculation separation unit. The crude oil dehydrator 6 comprises a sixth outlet connected with the spoiler and an eighth outlet connected with the sewage drain pipe.
The sewage containing a small amount of floating oil discharged from the second outlet in the first oil-water separation unit enters the second oil-water separation unit for water-oil separation again. Wherein the sewage is first heated by the heater 3, the viscosity of the heated sewage and the stability of the emulsion are reduced, and the dispersed oil can be effectively removed in the subsequent coalescence-separation process. The heated sewage enters the coalescing separator 4, the filler in the filler layer of the coalescing separator 4 adopts oleophilic and hydrophobic materials, oil drops in the sewage are attached to the oleophilic and hydrophobic materials when approaching the materials, and oil drops in the subsequent sewage are attached to the materials or collide with the oil drops on the follow-up sewage to coalesce into large-particle oil drops, when the oil drops develop into large enough, the oil drops are separated from the surface of the materials under the action of fluid drag force, and flow out of the coalescing separator 4. The coalescing separation technology belongs to the physical separation technology, and can aggregate the oil drops with smaller particle size in the sewage after floating oil removal into the oil drops with larger particle size, and then continuously remove a part of small particle oil drops in the sewage through sedimentation separation, and meanwhile, the treatment method can not pollute the environment. The sewage generated in the coalescing separator 4 enters the sedimentation tank 5 for sedimentation separation, after the coalescence separation, oil drops are coalesced and settled on the upper layer of the sewage to form a high-water-content floating oil layer and a small amount of solid impurities such as silt, the floating oil enters the crude oil dehydrator 6 through the fourth outlet, the rest sewage enters the spoiler 12 through the fifth outlet, and the small amount of solid impurities such as silt are connected with a sewage discharge pipeline through the seventh outlet. In the crude oil dehydrator 6, the high-efficiency dehydration of crude oil is realized through electric dehydration, a large amount of dehydrated crude oil with low water content can be recovered and reprocessed, the waste of petroleum resources is prevented, and dehydrated sewage enters into the spoiler through the sixth outlet. The traditional oil-water separation technology has poor treatment effect on high-emulsification sewage, and is difficult to completely separate by a conventional physical or chemical method especially under the condition of higher stability of emulsion in the sewage. The multistage separation design obviously improves the oil-water separation effect, particularly, the condition that the dispersed oil still exists in the water body after the floating oil is simply removed from the sewage, and solves the problem that the separation is not thorough in the high-oil-content sewage treatment in the traditional technology.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structure of a spoiler 12 is shown, in which the spoiler 12 is a spiral spoiler in this embodiment, the spiral spoiler includes a water pipe 12-1, and a spiral blade 12-2 is disposed on an inner wall of the water pipe along a length direction of the water pipe. The sewage discharged through the sixth outlet in the crude oil dehydrator 6 is collided and mixed with the sewage discharged through the fifth outlet in the settling tank 5, and the turbulence degree of the sewage is increased under the action of the spiral spoiler, so that the sewage entering the electrolytic cell can be flocculated better.
The flocculation separation unit comprises an electrolytic cell 7 and a magnetic separator 8 which are connected in sequence, and the magnetic separator 8 is connected with a sewage drain pipe. The anode material of the electrolytic cell 7 is an iron-aluminum alloy. The anode material is dissolved in the electrolytic process to generate corresponding metal ions, the metal ions further form hydroxyl compounds with hydroxyl ions generated by water electrolysis, and the hydroxyl compounds are coagulated and precipitated with suspended matters, oils and other substances in the wastewater so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the wastewater. Meanwhile, in the development process of the oil field, certain chloride ions and chloride ions exist, CLO - can be produced in the electrolytic treatment process, and partial oxide in the wastewater can be catalyzed and oxidized into water, carbon dioxide and nontoxic micromolecular organic matters in the subsequent electrocatalytic oxidation process, so that the removal rate of COD in the wastewater is improved. Meanwhile, the hydroxyl compound and suspended matters, emulsified oil and other matters in the wastewater are coagulated and precipitated to generate magnetic floccules, when the wastewater enters the magnetic separator 8, the magnetic floccules are subjected to magnetic force by the magnetic field applied by the magnetic separator and then separated, the integral separation effect is improved, and the separated solids enter a sewage drain pipe. Compared with other magnetic separation treatment methods, the method has the advantages that magnetic powder is added into water in the magnetic separation process, and meanwhile, the floccule and the magnet are inoculated by using the stirrer device, so that the method is small in treatment capacity, the problem that insufficient stirring can occur in the inoculation process of the magnetic powder and the floccule, meanwhile, the magnetic powder cannot be completely recovered later, the sewage enters the electrolytic tank through the spoiler, the sewage has sufficient turbulence intensity, the water is fully mixed in the electric inoculation process, no dead angle exists, and meanwhile, the problem that the treatment capacity is not limited by the stirrer device is solved.
The electrocatalytic oxidation unit comprises an electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9, wherein the electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 is connected with a sewage discharge pipeline, the electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 is connected with a second centrifugal pump 2-2, and the electrocatalytic oxidation treatment is to directly oxidize and degrade pollutants such as organic matters and nitrogen in water by utilizing the catalytic activity of an anode and separated oxide groups or free radicals, so as to realize harmless treatment of sewage. When the treated sewage meets the discharge standard, the discharge can be performed. However, when the treated sewage cannot meet the discharge standard, the sewage in the electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 continues to enter the second oil-water separation unit for subsequent treatment. The solid waste produced in the electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 enters the sewage drain.
Aiming at the problems that the traditional sewage treatment system often lacks of modularized design and the operation parameters of different modules cannot be flexibly adjusted, so that the adaptability to different types of sewage is poor, the method adopts the modularized design, so that each separation and treatment unit is independently adjustable, and the operation parameters are flexibly adjusted according to different sewage characteristics, thereby improving the adaptability and the flexibility of the system. The system not only removes large-particle oil drops through conventional multi-stage oil-water separation, but also introduces the synergistic effect of electric flocculation, magnetic separation and electrocatalytic oxidation; in most of the existing sewage treatment systems, the flocculant is adopted for flocculation, then the magnetic separation is carried out after the mode of adding magnetic powder for stirring, and meanwhile, the flocculation and the oxidation are usually carried out separately.
In order to better regulate and control the flow of sewage in the whole system, flow valves are arranged between the first outlet and the first centrifugal pump 2-1 (10-1), between the second outlet and the second centrifugal pump 2-2 (10-2), between the heater 3 and the coalescing separator 4 (10-3), between the coalescing separator 4 and the settling tank 5 (10-4), between the fourth outlet and the crude oil dehydrator 6 (10-5), between the fifth outlet and the spoiler 12 (10-6), between the sixth outlet and the spoiler 12 (10-7), between the electrolytic cell 7 and the magnetic separator 8 (10-8), between the magnetic separator 8 and the electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 (10-9) and between the electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 and a sewage drain pipeline (10-10).
For better sewage disposal, a first sewage disposal valve (11-1) is arranged between the magnetic separator 8 and the sewage disposal pipeline, a second sewage disposal valve (11-2) is arranged between the eighth outlet and the sewage disposal pipeline, and a third sewage disposal valve (11-3) is arranged between the seventh outlet and the sewage disposal pipeline.
Example 2
A method for treating high oil content sewage, comprising:
Oil-water separation is carried out on the sewage with high oil content, and oil and sewage after oil separation are respectively collected;
And (3) carrying out electrolytic flocculation on the sewage from which the oil is separated, magnetically separating flocculate, and then carrying out electrocatalytic oxidation treatment on the sewage from which the flocculate is separated.
Specific:
(1) The high-oil-content sewage firstly enters a solid-liquid separation tank 1 of a first oil-water separation unit for solid-liquid separation, a large amount of floating oil is separated from the solid-liquid separation tank 1, the floating oil enters a crude oil dehydrator through a first outlet, the floating oil enters a second oil-water separation unit through a second outlet for water-oil separation again, and the solid impurities such as sediment enter a sewage drain pipeline through a third outlet.
The sewage containing a small amount of floating oil discharged from the second outlet in the first oil-water separation unit enters the second oil-water separation unit for water-oil separation again. Wherein the sewage is heated by the heater 3, the viscosity of the heated sewage and the stability of emulsion are reduced, and the dispersed oil can be effectively removed in the subsequent coalescence-separation process. The heated sewage enters a coalescing separator 4, oil drops with smaller particle sizes in the sewage are coalesced into oil drops with larger particle sizes, sewage generated in the coalescing separator 4 enters a settling tank 5 for settling separation, after the settling separation, the oil drops coalesce and settle on the upper layer of the sewage to form a high-water-content floating oil layer and a small amount of solid impurities such as silt, the floating oil enters a crude oil dehydrator 6 through a fourth outlet, the rest of the sewage enters a spoiler 12 through a fifth outlet, and a small amount of solid impurities such as silt are connected with a sewage discharge pipeline through a seventh outlet. In the crude oil dehydrator 6, a large amount of floating oil generated by separation in the solid-liquid separation tank 1 and a small amount of floating oil generated in the coalescence-separation tank 4 are dehydrated electrically to realize efficient dehydration of crude oil, a large amount of dehydrated crude oil with low water content can be recycled and reprocessed, waste of petroleum resources is prevented, and dehydrated sewage enters the spoiler 12 through the sixth outlet. The sewage discharged from the crude oil dehydrator 6 through the sixth outlet is collided and mixed with the sewage discharged from the settling tank 5 through the fifth outlet in the spoiler 12, and then enters the sewage treatment module.
(2) The sewage enters an electrolytic cell 7 for electrolysis and simultaneously carries out preliminary oxidation on pollutants in the sewage, then enters a magnetic separator 8 for separation, and the separated solids enter a sewage drain pipe. The flocculated sewage finally enters the electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 for electrocatalytic oxidation, and the electrocatalytic oxidation unit can deeply degrade refractory organic matters and nitrogen pollutants through generated oxidation groups, so that the sewage treatment effect is obviously improved, and the sewage harmless treatment is realized. When the treated sewage meets the discharge standard, the discharge can be performed. However, when the treated sewage cannot meet the discharge standard, the sewage in the electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 continues to enter the second oil-water separation unit for subsequent treatment.
Example 3
(1) The sewage entering the treatment system firstly enters a solid-liquid separation tank 1 of a first oil-water separation unit for gravity sedimentation, then is subjected to solid-liquid separation, and meanwhile, a floating oil layer is formed on the upper layer, and the sewage is subjected to Stokes sedimentation equationUnder the action of gravity, the sedimentation speed of large-particle sediment substances in the tank can reach more than 5cm/min, so that the sediment substances can reach the bottom of the tank quickly to realize solid-liquid separation, meanwhile, the floating speed of oil drops with large particle diameters can reach more than 2cm/min, and the oil water can also realize preliminary separation quickly within 15-25 min, so that a large amount of floating oil, a small amount of floating oil sewage, sediment and other solid impurities can be separated in the solid-liquid separation tank 1, wherein the floating oil enters the crude oil dehydrator through a first outlet, a small amount of floating oil sewage enters a second oil-water separation unit through a second outlet to perform water-oil separation again, and the sediment and other solid impurities enter a sewage discharge pipeline through a third outlet.
(2) The sewage containing a small amount of floating oil discharged from the second outlet in the first oil-water separation unit enters the second oil-water separation unit for water-oil separation again. Wherein the sewage is heated to 45-55 ℃ by the heater 3 at first, and the formula is adoptedThe interfacial tension of the emulsion can be reduced along with the rise of the temperature, the stability is reduced, the coalescence effect during collision between oil drops can be enhanced, and the oil drops are easier to float upwards and separate, so that the subsequent coalescence and separation can be enhanced, and the viscosity of the heated sewage is reduced, thereby being beneficial to the subsequent treatment. The sewage enters a coalescing separator 4, the flow rate is controlled to be 0.01 m/s-0.02 m/s, after the coalescing separation is carried out for 35-50 min, oil drops with smaller particle size in the sewage are aggregated into oil drops with larger particle size, the sewage generated in the coalescing separator 4 enters a settling tank 5 for settling separation, after the coalescing separation, the oil drops are coalesced and settled on the upper layer of the sewage to form a high-water-content floating oil layer, a small amount of solid impurities such as sediment and the like, the floating oil enters a crude oil dehydrator 6 through a fourth outlet, the rest of the sewage enters a spoiler 12 through a fifth outlet, and the small amount of solid impurities such as sediment and the like are connected with a sewage drainage pipeline through a seventh outlet. In the crude oil dehydrator 6, a large amount of floating oil generated by separation in the solid-liquid separation tank 1 and a small amount of floating oil generated in the coalescence-separation tank 4 are dehydrated electrically to realize efficient dehydration of crude oil, a large amount of dehydrated crude oil with low water content can be recycled and reprocessed, waste of petroleum resources is prevented, and dehydrated sewage enters the spoiler 12 through the sixth outlet. The sewage discharged from the crude oil dehydrator 6 through the sixth outlet is collided and mixed with the sewage discharged from the settling tank 5 through the fifth outlet in the spoiler 12, and then enters the sewage treatment module.
(3) The sewage enters the electrolytic cell 7 for electrolysis, meanwhile, the current density range in the electrolytic cell is 10-100A/m 2, the reaction time is 45-60 min, part of pollutants are removed through the oil-water separation, the pollution degree is reduced, the flocculating current density is set to 40A/m 2, and if the pollution degree is higher, the current density can be improved. In the electric flocculation process, iron or aluminum metal on the anode electrode loses electrons to generate metal ions, the metal ions are combined with hydroxyl in electrolyte to generate high-activity flocculation groups Fe (OH) 2 - and Al (OH) 3 -, the groups have strong adsorption capacity, suspended particles and colloid substances in sewage can be trapped through a grid structure, so that efficient flocculation and pollutant removal are realized, and on a cathode, water molecules are reduced to generate hydrogen (H 2), and generated bubbles can assist flocculation and promote the floating of pollutants. After flocculation is carried out in the electrolytic cell, the flocculate enters a magnetic separator 8 for separation, the magnetic separator adopts electromagnetic equipment, the power supply current is 1-20A, the magnetic field strength is set to be 5-100T in order to meet the treatment of different magnetic flocculates, the high gradient magnetic field can remove tiny flocculates within 5-50 mu m, and the separated solids enter a sewage drain pipe. Compared with other magnetic separation treatment methods, the method has the advantages that magnetic powder is added into water in the magnetic separation process, and meanwhile, the floccule and the magnet are inoculated by using the stirrer device, so that the method is small in treatment capacity, the problem that insufficient stirring can occur in the inoculation process of the magnetic powder and the floccule, meanwhile, the magnetic powder cannot be completely recovered later, the sewage enters the electrolytic tank through the spoiler, the sewage has sufficient turbulence intensity, the water is fully mixed in the electric inoculation process, no dead angle exists, and meanwhile, the problem that the treatment capacity is not limited by the stirrer device is solved.
(4) The separated sewage finally enters an electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 for electrocatalytic oxidation, the current density adjustment range in the electrocatalytic oxidation tank is 100-800A/m 2, the reaction time is 35-50 min, the anode selects a ruthenium iridium coating titanium (Ru-Ir/Ti) electrode with strong corrosion resistance, high-efficiency electrochemical reaction and corrosion resistance are ensured, water molecules (H 2 O) are electrolyzed on the anode to generate hydroxyl free radicals (OH) with strong oxidizing property, the free radicals can rapidly oxidize organic pollutants and decompose the organic pollutants into carbon dioxide (CO 2) and water (H 2 O), chlorine ions as shown as ：H2O→·OH+H++e-,NH3+·OH→N2+H2O/R+·OH→CO2+H2O; are influenced by an electric field and oxidized to generate hypochlorous acid (HClO) and hypochlorous acid (ClO-), cl -+H2O→HClO+H++2e-, and then organic matters and ammonia nitrogen substances are degraded ,R+HClO→CO2+H2O+Cl-,NH3+HClO→NH2Cl+H2O、NH2Cl+HClO→N2+H2O+Cl-, as a series of reactions to oxidize and degrade pollutants in water, so that harmless treatment of sewage is realized, impurities in the sewage can be reduced for the early treatment, the hydroxyl free radicals generated in the electrocatalytic oxidation process and the hydroxyl free radicals (OH) and the hypochlorous acid (ClO-), the organic pollutants are more remarkably removed by the effect of the concentrated ammonia nitrogen oxides, and the oxygen-containing substances are more remarkably removed by the oxygen-containing agent.
In the embodiment, the initial oil content of the sewage entering the treatment system is 1500mg/L, the suspended matter content is 180mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is 50mg/L, and the sewage enters the solid-liquid separation tank 1 of the first oil-water separation unit for 20min of gravity sedimentation. The oil slivers enter the crude oil dehydrator through the first outlet, the sewage is heated to 50 ℃ through the heater 3, then enters the coalescing separator 4, the oil content in the sewage at the inlet is 600mg/L, the suspended matter content is 60mg/L, the sewage flow rate in the coalescing separator is 0.02m/s, the oil slivers enter the settling tank after being coalesced and separated for 40min, and the oil slivers in the tank enter the crude oil dehydrator 6 through the fourth outlet. The sewage in the tank enters the spoiler 12 through the fifth outlet to be mixed with the sewage from the crude oil dehydrator 6, then enters the electrolytic cell 7 to be electrolyzed, the initial oil content at the inlet is 200mg/L, the suspended matter content is 25mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content is 45mg/L, and meanwhile, the current density range in the electrolytic cell is 40A/m 2, and the reaction time is 50min. After flocculation is carried out in the electrolytic cell, the flocculate enters the magnetic separator 8 for separation, the magnetic field strength is set to be 20T, the high gradient magnetic field can remove the flocculate with small particle size, the separated sewage finally enters the electrocatalytic oxidation tank 9 for electrocatalytic oxidation, and at the moment, the oil content at the inlet is reduced to 20mg/L, the suspended matter content is 10mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content is 40mg/L. The current density in the electrocatalytic oxidation cell was adjusted to 600A/m 2 with a reaction time of 40min. The final treatment effect is shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 treatment effect of each contaminant
TABLE 2 detection of other substances before and after wastewater treatment
Detection of Initial value Final value
PH 7.6 7.1
Mineralization degree (mg/L) 4500 2300
COD(mg/L) 1120 50
Cl(mg/L) 1500 1200
SO4(mg/L) 300 150
Ca2+(mg/L) 250 100
Mg2+(mg/L) 100 55
Fe(mg/L) 5 0.3
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种高含油污水处理系统，其特征在于，包括：1. A high oil content wastewater treatment system, characterized by comprising: 油水分离模块以及污水处理模块；Oil-water separation module and sewage treatment module; 其中，油水分离模块包括第一油水分离单元以及第二油水分离单元；所述第一油水分离单元包括固液分离罐，所述固液分离罐包括第一出口以及第二出口，所述第一出口与原油脱水器相连接；所述第二油水分离单元包括聚结分离器，所述聚结分离器与原油脱水器相连接；所述聚结分离器与第二出口相连接；The oil-water separation module includes a first oil-water separation unit and a second oil-water separation unit; the first oil-water separation unit includes a solid-liquid separation tank, the solid-liquid separation tank includes a first outlet and a second outlet, the first outlet is connected to the crude oil dehydrator; the second oil-water separation unit includes a coalescing separator, the coalescing separator is connected to the crude oil dehydrator; the coalescing separator is connected to the second outlet; 所述污水处理模块包括絮凝分离单元以及电催化氧化单元；The sewage treatment module includes a flocculation separation unit and an electrocatalytic oxidation unit; 所述聚结分离器依次连接絮凝分离单元以及电催化氧化单元。The coalescence separator is sequentially connected to a flocculation separation unit and an electrocatalytic oxidation unit. 2.如权利要求1所述的高含油污水处理系统，其特征在于，所述固液分离罐还包括第三出口，所述第三出口与排污管线相连通；2. The high-oil-content wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid-liquid separation tank further comprises a third outlet, and the third outlet is connected to a sewage pipeline; 或，所述固液分离罐的第二出口与加热器的进口相连接，加热器的出口与聚结分离器的进口相连接。Alternatively, the second outlet of the solid-liquid separation tank is connected to the inlet of the heater, and the outlet of the heater is connected to the inlet of the coalescing separator. 3.如权利要求1所述的高含油污水处理系统，其特征在于，所述聚结分离器的出口与沉降罐的入口相连接；3. The high oil content wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet of the coalescing separator is connected to the inlet of the settling tank; 所述沉降罐包括第四出口以及第五出口，所述第四出口与原油脱水器相连接，所述第五出口与扰流器相连接。The settling tank comprises a fourth outlet and a fifth outlet, the fourth outlet is connected to the crude oil dehydrator, and the fifth outlet is connected to the spoiler. 4.如权利要求3所述的高含油污水处理系统，其特征在于，所述扰流器与絮凝分离单元相连接。4. The high-oil wastewater treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that the spoiler is connected to the flocculation separation unit. 5.如权利要求3所述的高含油污水处理系统，其特征在于，所述原油脱水器包括第六出口，所述第六出口与扰流器相连接。5. The high-oil-content wastewater treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that the crude oil dehydrator comprises a sixth outlet, and the sixth outlet is connected to the spoiler. 6.如权利要求3所述的高含油污水处理系统，其特征在于，所述扰流器为螺旋扰流器，所述螺旋扰流器包括输水管道，输水管道的内壁沿输水管道的长度方向设置有螺旋叶片。6. The high-oil-content wastewater treatment system as described in claim 3 is characterized in that the spoiler is a spiral spoiler, and the spiral spoiler includes a water pipeline, and the inner wall of the water pipeline is provided with spiral blades along the length direction of the water pipeline. 7.如权利要求1所述的高含油污水处理系统，其特征在于，所述絮凝分离单元包括依次连接的电解池和磁分离器；7. The high-oil wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that the flocculation separation unit comprises an electrolytic cell and a magnetic separator connected in sequence; 所述电解池的阳极材料为铁铝合金。The anode material of the electrolytic cell is an iron-aluminum alloy. 8.如权利要求1所述的高含油污水处理系统，其特征在于，所述电催化氧化单元包括电催化氧化罐；所述电催化氧化单元与第二油水分离单元相连接。8. The high-oil wastewater treatment system according to claim 1 is characterized in that the electrocatalytic oxidation unit includes an electrocatalytic oxidation tank; and the electrocatalytic oxidation unit is connected to the second oil-water separation unit. 9.一种高含油污水处理方法，其特征在于，包括：9. A method for treating high-oil wastewater, comprising: 将高含油污水进行油水分离，分别收集油以及分离油后的污水；Separate the oil and water from the highly oily wastewater, and collect the oil and the wastewater after oil separation; 将分离油后的污水进行电解絮凝，磁分离出絮凝物，后将分离出絮凝物的出水进行电催化氧化处理。The wastewater after oil separation is subjected to electrolytic flocculation, the flocculants are separated by magnetic separation, and then the effluent from the separated flocculants is subjected to electrocatalytic oxidation treatment. 10.如权利要求9所述的高含油污水处理方法，其特征在于，收集后的油进行回收再处理。10. The method for treating high-oil-content wastewater according to claim 9, characterized in that the collected oil is recovered and reprocessed.
CN202411637876.7A 2024-11-15 2024-11-15 A high oil content sewage treatment system and method Pending CN119306355A (en)

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