CN119303127A

CN119303127A - Medical device disinfection and sterilization device

Info

Publication number: CN119303127A
Application number: CN202411875089.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张金亚
Original assignee: Shengzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital General Hospital Of Shengzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital
Current assignee: Shengzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital General Hospital Of Shengzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital
Priority date: 2024-12-19
Filing date: 2024-12-19
Publication date: 2025-01-14

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instrument sterilization, in particular to a medical instrument sterilization device, which comprises a cabinet body and a thermal cycle sterilization mechanism, wherein the thermal cycle sterilization mechanism comprises a steam eruption device fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the cabinet body, the inner wall of the cabinet body close to the top end is fixedly connected with a steam recovery device, and the outer wall of the cabinet body is fixedly connected with an air pump for recovering steam. Through placing medical instrument on placing the board, can extrude the diaphragm when advancing, at this moment, two spring columns of extrusion board can extrude medical instrument through elasticity, further drive second conducting strip and remove on the second resistance board to influence the extrusion degree of extrusion board to the second resistance board through medical instrument's weight, thereby influence the resistance value of second slide rheostat. By detecting the two currents, the PLC can adjust the steam quantity and the temperature of the steam sprayer according to the weight and the size of the medical instrument.

Description

Medical instrument disinfection and sterilization device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instrument disinfection, in particular to a medical instrument disinfection and sterilization device.

Background

Medical devices refer to various devices, instruments, appliances and software for diagnosing, treating, monitoring, preventing diseases or improving health conditions. These instruments are widely used in hospitals, clinics, home care and other places, and medical instruments are generally required to be sterilized after use, and medical instrument sterilization is an important step for ensuring sterility of medical equipment and instruments before use, and is mainly aimed at preventing infection and cross infection and protecting health of patients and medical staff. It is necessary to sterilize the used medical instruments by a sterilizing apparatus, for example, a medical instrument sterilizing apparatus disclosed in application number CN202410302241.5 provides a means for sterilizing the medical instruments using high-temperature steam.

Existing sterilization and disinfection devices typically disinfect medical instruments in a box, such as a surgical instrument box, a dental instrument box, etc., at a constant temperature and a constant gas outlet, and cannot automatically adjust to the required gas volume and gas temperature according to the weight and length of the medical instruments, which ultimately results in undesirable disinfection effects, inefficiency, such as for larger or heavier boxes, if the gas volume is fixed, it may not cover every corner inside the box, resulting in incomplete sterilization, and there may be dead areas or corners for gas flow in different parts of the instrument or box, which may result in insufficient acceptance of the sterilization process in those areas, thereby leaving a potential source of infection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a medical instrument disinfection and sterilization device, which can effectively solve the problems that the existing disinfection and sterilization device generally disinfects medical instruments at a continuous temperature and a continuous air outlet amount, and can not automatically adjust the required air quantity and air temperature according to the weight and length of the medical instruments.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a medical instrument disinfection and sterilization device, which comprises:

a cabinet body;

The thermal cycle disinfection mechanism comprises a steam sprayer fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the cabinet body, a steam recovery device is fixedly connected to the inner wall, close to the top end, of the cabinet body, and an air pump for recovering steam is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet body;

the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism comprises a placing plate which is elastically and slidably connected with the inner wall of the cabinet body, a first slide rheostat is connected with the outer wall of the placing plate, the first slide rheostat is electrically connected with a steam sprayer and an external power supply to form a first adjusting loop, the top end of the placing plate is slidably connected with two symmetrical extrusion plates, the outer walls of the two extrusion plates are both connected with a second slide rheostat, the second slide rheostat is electrically connected with a current measuring instrument, the second slide rheostat, the current measuring instrument, the steam sprayer and the external power supply are electrically connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) and form a second adjusting loop, and the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism further comprises a passive adjusting assembly which is used for adjusting and controlling the height of steam sprayed by the steam sprayer.

Preferably, the thermal cycle disinfection mechanism further comprises an exhaust pipe communicated with an exhaust opening of the air pump, the other end of the exhaust pipe penetrates through the outer wall of the cabinet body and is communicated with an air outlet of the steam recoverer, an exhaust pipe is fixedly communicated with an exhaust opening of the air pump, and the other end of the exhaust pipe penetrates through the outer wall of the cabinet body and is communicated with an air inlet of the steam eruption device.

Preferably, the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism further comprises a sliding groove formed in the inner wall of the cabinet body, the first slide rheostat comprises a first conducting strip and a first resistance plate, the first conducting strip is in sliding contact with the first resistance plate, the inner wall of the sliding groove is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the first resistance plate, one side of the placing plate, which is close to the first resistance plate, is fixedly connected with the first conducting strip, and the resistance of the first slide rheostat in the first adjusting circuit is gradually reduced in the process that the surface of the first resistance plate slides downwards.

Preferably, the sliding plates are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the cabinet body, the spring columns are fixedly connected between the sliding plates and the extrusion plates corresponding to the positions, the telescopic plates are fixedly connected between the sliding plates and the extrusion plates, the outer walls of the extrusion plates are respectively and rollingly connected with the balls, the second sliding varistors comprise second resistance plates and second conductive sheets, the second conductive sheets are in sliding contact with the second resistance plates, the inner walls of the cabinet body are fixedly connected with the second resistance plates, one side, close to the second resistance plates, of the extrusion plates is fixedly connected with the second conductive sheets, and the resistance of the second sliding varistors in the second regulating loop is gradually increased in the moving process of branching in the cabinet body on the surface of the second resistance plates.

Preferably, the passive adjusting component comprises a ventilation groove formed in the placing plate, a plurality of air outlets are symmetrically formed in the top end of the placing plate along the center line of the placing plate, a telescopic groove is formed in the inner wall of the air outlet, a wind shield is slidably connected to the inner wall of the telescopic groove, and an air inlet communicated with the ventilation groove is formed in the bottom end of the placing plate.

Preferably, the movable groove has all been seted up to the both sides inner wall of the cabinet body, the outer wall of placing the board has seted up with movable groove, the communicating transmission hole of ventilation groove, two the inner wall sliding connection of movable groove with place the pinion rack of board inner wall fixed connection, and pinion rack and sliding plate fixed connection, the inner wall fixedly connected with two symmetrical backup pads of ventilation groove, two the inner wall of movable groove all rotates and is connected with the threaded rod, the other end of threaded rod is connected with the outer wall rotation of one of them backup pad, the outer wall fixedly connected with of threaded rod and the gear of pinion rack meshing, the inner wall fixedly connected with of ventilation groove two symmetrical gag lever posts, and the other end of gag lever post and the both sides outer wall fixed connection of another backup pad, two the outer wall thread bush of threaded rod is equipped with a plurality of connecting plates, connecting plate and gag lever post sliding connection, the top fixedly connected with a plurality of riser with and one of backup pad fixed connection.

Preferably, the inner wall of the cabinet body is provided with an inverted Y-shaped slide way, the inverted Y-shaped slide way is composed of a vertical section and an inclined section which is symmetrically inclined downwards and communicated with the vertical section, the depth of the inclined section in the downward extending direction is linearly shortened until the inclined section is flush with the inner wall surface of the cabinet body, and one side, close to the inverted Y-shaped slide way, of each extrusion plate is fixedly connected with an elastic telescopic rod in sliding contact with the Y-shaped slide way.

Preferably, the inner wall fixedly connected with two symmetrical reset springs of the cabinet body, reset spring's the other end fixedly connected with the diaphragm of corresponding position stripper plate contact, place fixedly connected with coupling spring between board and the steam spray device.

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. Through placing medical instrument on placing the board, can extrude the diaphragm when advancing, at this moment, two spring columns of extrusion board can extrude medical instrument through elasticity, further drive second conducting strip and remove on the second resistance board to influence the extrusion degree of extrusion board to the second resistance board through medical instrument's weight, thereby influence the resistance value of second slide rheostat. Through detecting the above two kinds of electric currents, the steam quantity and the temperature of the steam sprayer can be adjusted through the PLC according to the weight and the size of the medical instrument, so that the medical instrument with different sizes or weights can be accurately disinfected, and the effect of thorough sterilization can be achieved.

2. Through the passive regulation subassembly that sets up, under the initial condition, the expansion plate can hold back steam, make it disinfect to medical instrument better, along with the increase of steam volume, the expansion plate can be pushed by steam and upwards move, then adjust the size of air outlet through passive regulation subassembly automatically regulated, make the air outlet diminish gradually, and the steam volume is unchangeable, thereby make the steam pressure increase that sprays out, can reach medical instrument's higher position, can make steam thoroughly disinfect to medical instrument that needs disinfection from lower supreme slowly, thereby disinfected comprehensiveness and validity have been improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial perspective structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a side view, partially cut-away, perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a partially sectioned perspective view of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a rear partial cutaway perspective structure of the present invention.

The device comprises a cabinet body, a 2-heat circulation disinfection mechanism, a 21-steam sprayer, a 22-steam recoverer, a 23-air pump, a 24-air exhaust pipe, a 25-air exhaust pipe, a 3-self-adaptive adjusting mechanism, a 31-placing plate, a 32-extruding plate, a 33-passive adjusting component, a 331-ventilating slot, a 332-air outlet, a 333-telescopic slot, a 334-wind shield, 335-moving slot, 336-driving hole, 337-toothed plate, 338-supporting plate, 339-threaded rod, 3310-gear, 3311-limiting rod, 3312-connecting plate, 3313-vertical plate, 3314-inverted Y-shaped slideway, 3315-elastic telescopic rod, 3316-air inlet, 34-sliding slot, 35-first conductive plate, 36-first resistive plate, 37-sliding plate, 38-spring post, 39-telescopic plate, 310-ball, 311-second resistive plate, 312-second conductive plate, 4-return spring and 5-transverse plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The invention is further described below with reference to examples.

Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a medical instrument sterilizing apparatus includes:

A cabinet body 1;

In order to realize the thermal cycle, referring to fig. 2, the thermal cycle sterilization mechanism 2 is used, the thermal cycle sterilization mechanism 2 comprises a steam sprayer 21 fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the cabinet body 1, a steam recoverer 22 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cabinet body 1 close to the top end, an air pump 23 for recovering steam is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cabinet body 1, and the steam sprayer 21 is used for spraying steam and heating steam;

the heat cycle disinfection mechanism 2 further comprises an exhaust pipe 24 communicated with an exhaust opening of the air pump 23, the other end of the exhaust pipe 24 penetrates through the outer wall of the cabinet body 1 and is communicated with an air outlet of the steam recoverer 22, an exhaust pipe 25 is fixedly communicated with an exhaust opening of the air pump 23, the other end of the exhaust pipe 25 penetrates through the outer wall of the cabinet body 1 and is communicated with an air inlet of the steam eruption device 21, the air pump 23 is started to recover steam through the steam recoverer 22, and then the recovered steam is discharged into the steam eruption device 21 through the exhaust pipe 25 for recycling.

The self-adaptive adjusting mechanism 3 specifically uses the following structure, referring to fig. 2 to 6, the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism 3 comprises a placing plate 31 elastically and slidably connected to the inner wall of the cabinet body 1, a first sliding rheostat is connected to the outer wall of the placing plate 31, the sliding rheostat is electrically connected with the steam sprayer 21 and an external power supply to form a first adjusting loop, the top end of the placing plate 31 is slidably connected with two symmetrical extrusion plates 32, the outer walls of the two extrusion plates 32 are both connected with a second sliding rheostat, the second sliding rheostat is electrically connected with a current measuring instrument, the second sliding rheostat, the current measuring instrument, the steam recoverer 22 and the external power supply are electrically connected with a PLC controller to form a second adjusting loop, the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism 3 also comprises a passive adjusting component 33, and the passive adjusting component 33 is used for adjusting the steam height sprayed by the steam sprayer 21;

the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism 3 further comprises a sliding groove 34 formed in the inner wall of the cabinet body 1, the first slide rheostat comprises a first conductive sheet 35 and a first resistance plate 36, the first conductive sheet 35 is in sliding contact with the first resistance plate 36, the inner wall of the sliding groove 34 is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the first resistance plate 36, one side, close to the first resistance plate 36, of the placing plate 31 is fixedly connected with the first conductive sheet 35, and the resistance of the first slide rheostat in a first adjusting circuit is gradually reduced in the process that the surface of the first conductive sheet 35 slides downwards.

The inner walls of the two sides of the cabinet body 1 are slidably connected with sliding plates 37, spring columns 38 are fixedly connected between the sliding plates 37 and the extrusion plates 32 corresponding to the positions, telescopic plates 39 are fixedly connected between the sliding plates 37 and the extrusion plates 32, balls 310 are connected to the outer walls of the extrusion plates 32 in a rolling mode, the second sliding varistors comprise second resistance plates 311 and second conductive plates 312, the second conductive plates 312 are slidably contacted with the second resistance plates 311, the inner walls of the cabinet body 1 are fixedly connected with the second resistance plates 311, one sides of the extrusion plates 32 close to the second resistance plates 311 are fixedly connected with the second conductive plates 312, and the resistance of the second sliding varistors in a second regulating loop is gradually increased in the moving process of the surfaces of the second resistance plates 311 to the branching lines of the cabinet body 1.

The passive adjusting component 33 comprises a ventilation groove 331 formed in the placing plate 31, a plurality of air outlets 332 are symmetrically formed in the top end of the placing plate 31 along the center line of the placing plate 31, telescopic grooves 333 are formed in the inner walls of the plurality of air outlets 332, wind shields 334 are slidably connected to the inner walls of the telescopic grooves 333, and air inlets 3316 communicated with the ventilation groove 331 are formed in the bottom end of the placing plate 31.

The cabinet body 1 is provided with moving grooves 335 on the inner walls of both sides, the outer wall of the placing plate 31 is provided with transmission holes 336 communicated with the moving grooves 335 and the ventilation grooves 331, the inner walls of the two moving grooves 335 are connected with toothed plates 337 fixedly connected with the inner wall of the placing plate 31 in a sliding manner, the toothed plates 337 are fixedly connected with sliding plates 37, the inner walls of the ventilation grooves 331 are fixedly connected with two symmetrical supporting plates 338, the inner walls of the two moving grooves 335 are respectively connected with threaded rods 339 in a rotating manner, the other ends of the threaded rods 339 are respectively connected with the outer wall of one supporting plate 338 in a rotating manner, the outer wall of the threaded rods 339 is fixedly connected with gears 3310 meshed with the toothed plates 337, the other ends of the two limiting rods 3311 are respectively fixedly connected with the outer walls of both sides of the other supporting plate 338, the outer walls of the two threaded rods 339 are sleeved with a plurality of connecting plates 3312, the other ends of the connecting plates 3312 are connected with the limiting rods 3311 in a sliding manner, the top ends of the connecting plates 3312 are fixedly connected with a plurality of vertical plates 3313 fixedly connected with the wind shields 334, and the threads of the two threaded rods are opposite to each other.

The inner wall of the cabinet body 1 is provided with an inverted Y-shaped slide 3314, the inverted Y-shaped slide 3314 consists of a vertical section and inclined sections which are symmetrically inclined downwards and are communicated with the vertical section, the depth of the inclined sections in the downward extending direction is linearly shortened until the inclined sections are flush with the inner wall surface of the cabinet body 1, and one side, close to the inverted Y-shaped slide 3314, of each of the two extrusion plates 32 is fixedly connected with an elastic telescopic rod 3315 which is in sliding contact with the Y-shaped slide;

When the medical instrument sterilization is about to be completed, the two expansion plates 39 are further pushed to move upwards by steam, the elastic expansion rods 3315 are further driven by the extrusion plates 32 to enter the vertical section of the inverted Y-shaped slide rail 3314, the sterilized medical instrument is taken out, no steam can blow the expansion plates 39 to move upwards after the medical instrument sterilization is completed, the elastic expansion rods 3315 move downwards by the expansion plates 39 and the extrusion plates 32 under the self gravity, and the depth of the downward extending direction of the inclined section of the inverted Y-shaped slide rail 3314 is linearly shortened until the inclined section is flush with the inner wall surface of the cabinet body 1, so that the extrusion plates 32 are driven by the elastic expansion rods 3315 to slowly restore to the initial state, and the two extrusion plates 32 are supported and fixed by the transverse plates 5.

The inner wall fixedly connected with two symmetrical reset springs 4 of cabinet body 1, the other end fixedly connected with of reset spring 4 with the diaphragm 5 of corresponding position stripper plate 32 contact, place fixedly connected with connecting spring between board 31 and the steam spray device 21, can help placing board 31 automatic re-setting through connecting spring.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

Firstly, the cabinet body 1 needs to be opened, and then medical instruments needing to be disinfected are placed in the cabinet body 1, wherein the placing process comprises the steps of placing the medical instruments needing to be disinfected on the placing plate 31 and pushing the cabinet body 1, extruding the transverse plate 5 inwards in the pushing process until the medical instruments needing to be disinfected are extruded into the cabinet body 1, at the moment, the transverse plate 5 is not contacted with the extruding plates 32 any more, the two extruding plates 32 are driven to extrude the medical instruments needing to be disinfected through the elastic force of the spring columns 38, and then the second conducting plates 312 are driven to move in the cabinet body 1 in a branching mode on the surface of the second resistance plate 311, meanwhile, the placing plate 31 is further extruded downwards due to the weight of the medical instruments to be disinfected, and the first conducting plates 35 are further driven to slide downwards on the surface of the first resistance plate 36;

After the first conductive sheet 35 slides down on the surface of the first resistive plate 36, because the first sliding rheostat is electrically connected with the steam sprayer 21, when the placing plate 31 drives the first conductive sheet 35 to move down for a longer distance, the weight of the medical instrument to be disinfected is larger, and therefore the current flowing into the steam sprayer 21 is larger, the working power of the steam sprayer 21 is increased, and therefore the larger the sprayed steam amount and the higher the temperature are, the sprayed steam enters the ventilation groove 331 through the air inlet 3316, and then the steam is sprayed on the surface of the medical instrument to be disinfected through the air outlet 332, so that the medical instrument to be disinfected is disinfected;

In the sliding process of the second conductive sheet 312 on the second resistive sheet 311, since the second sliding rheostat, the current measuring instrument and the steam sprayer 21 are electrically connected with the external power supply, the current in the second adjusting circuit is detected by the current measuring instrument, the detected current is transmitted to the PLC controller, the magnitude of the generated current is judged by the PLC controller, so as to further control the steam sprayer 21, the sprayed steam quantity and the temperature, for example, the shorter the second conductive sheet 312 is from the branching line in the cabinet 1 after the two second conductive sheets 312 move, the smaller the length of the medical instrument to be disinfected is represented, the smaller the steam quantity sprayed by the steam sprayer 21 is required to be further controlled, the steam temperature is required to be reduced, otherwise, the larger the steam quantity sprayed by the steam sprayer 21 is required to be further controlled, the steam temperature is increased, the steam quantity and the steam temperature sprayed by the steam sprayer 21 are further controlled by the PLC controller, and further disinfection is further performed according to the length of the medical instrument.

In the process of sterilizing medical instruments through steam, the surface of the medical instruments to be sterilized is sterilized through the steam, meanwhile, the steam can push the telescopic plates 39 upwards, the telescopic plates 39 can intercept the steam under the telescopic plates 39 in an initial state, so that the medical instruments are sterilized better, then the telescopic plates 39 are pushed upwards through the increase of the steam quantity, the sliding plates 37 are driven to move synchronously, the toothed plates 337 are driven to move upwards through the sliding plates 37, the gears 3310 are driven to rotate, the connecting plates 3312 can be driven to move on the surfaces of the threaded rods 339 through the limit rods 3311, the moving directions of the connecting plates 3312 are opposite through the limit rods 3311, the wind shield 334 is driven to block the air outlet 332 through the movement of the connecting plates 3312, the pressure of the steam quantity sprayed from the air outlet 332 is high, the position of the medical instruments to be sterilized is pushed upwards, and the medical instruments are pushed upwards through the limit rods 3311, and the medical instruments are regulated to be sterilized completely.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments may be modified or equivalents may be substituted for some of the features thereof, and that the modification or substitution does not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments.

Claims

1. A medical instrument sterilization apparatus, comprising:

a cabinet body (1);

The heat circulation disinfection mechanism (2), the heat circulation disinfection mechanism (2) comprises a steam sprayer (21) fixedly connected with the inner bottom wall of the cabinet body (1), the inner wall of the cabinet body (1) close to the top end is fixedly connected with a steam recovery device (22), and the outer wall of the cabinet body (1) is fixedly connected with an air pump (23) for recovering steam;

The self-adaptation adjustment mechanism (3), self-adaptation adjustment mechanism (3) include place board (31) at cabinet body (1) inner wall elasticity sliding connection, the outer wall of placing board (31) is connected with first slide rheostat, external power electric connection of first slide rheostat, steam spray ware (21) forms first governing loop, the top sliding connection who places board (31) has two symmetrical stripper plates (32), two the outer wall of stripper plate (32) all is connected with the second slide rheostat, second slide rheostat electric connection has the electric current measuring apparatu, second slide rheostat, electric current measuring apparatu, steam spray ware (21) and external power electrical signal are connected with the PLC controller and form second governing loop, self-adaptation adjustment mechanism (3) still includes passive adjusting component (33), passive adjusting component (33) are used for regulating and controlling the height of steam spray ware (21) blowout steam.

2. A medical instrument disinfection and sterilization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the thermal cycle disinfection mechanism (2) further comprises an exhaust pipe (24) communicated with an exhaust port of an exhaust pump (23), the other end of the exhaust pipe (24) penetrates through the outer wall of the cabinet body (1) and is communicated with an air outlet of a steam recoverer (22), an exhaust pipe (25) is fixedly communicated with an air outlet of the exhaust pump (23), and the other end of the exhaust pipe (25) penetrates through the outer wall of the cabinet body (1) and is communicated with an air inlet of a steam sprayer (21).

3. The medical instrument disinfection and sterilization device according to claim 1, wherein the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism (3) further comprises a sliding groove (34) formed in the inner wall of the cabinet body (1), the first sliding rheostat comprises a first conductive sheet (35) and a first resistance plate (36), the first conductive sheet (35) is in sliding contact with the first resistance plate (36), the inner wall of the sliding groove (34) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the first resistance plate (36), one side of the placing plate (31) close to the first resistance plate (36) is fixedly connected with the first conductive sheet (35), and in the process that the surface of the first resistance plate (36) slides downwards, the resistance of the first sliding rheostat in the first adjusting circuit is gradually reduced.

4. A medical instrument disinfection and sterilization apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, sliding plates (37) are slidingly connected to the inner walls of the two sides of the cabinet body (1), spring columns (38) are fixedly connected between the sliding plates (37) and the extrusion plates (32) corresponding to the positions, telescopic plates (39) are fixedly connected between the sliding plates (37) and the extrusion plates (32), balls (310) are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the extrusion plates (32) in a rolling manner, the second sliding rheostat comprises a second resistance plate (311) and a second conductive sheet (312), the second conductive sheet (312) is slidingly contacted with the second resistance plate (311), the inner wall of the cabinet body (1) is fixedly connected with the second resistance plate (311), one side of the extrusion plate (32) close to the second resistance plate (311) is fixedly connected with the second conductive sheet (312), and the second conductive sheet (312) is gradually increased in the branching process of the second sliding rheostat in the movement of the surface of the second resistance plate (311) to the cabinet body (1).

5. The medical instrument disinfection and sterilization apparatus of claim 1, wherein the passive adjusting component (33) comprises a ventilation groove (331) formed in the placement plate (31), a plurality of air outlets (332) are symmetrically formed in the top end of the placement plate (31) along the center line of the placement plate (31), a telescopic groove (333) is formed in the inner wall of the air outlet (332), a wind shield (334) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the telescopic groove (333), and an air inlet (3316) communicated with the ventilation groove (331) is formed in the bottom end of the placement plate (31).

6. The medical instrument disinfection and sterilization apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the inner walls of both sides of the cabinet body (1) are respectively provided with a moving groove (335), the outer wall of the placing plate (31) is provided with a transmission hole (336) communicated with the moving groove (335) and the ventilation groove (331), the inner walls of the two moving grooves (335) are slidably connected with a toothed plate (337) fixedly connected with the inner wall of the placing plate (31), the toothed plate (337) is fixedly connected with a sliding plate (37), the inner wall of the ventilation groove (331) is fixedly connected with two symmetrical supporting plates (338), the inner walls of the two moving grooves (335) are respectively and rotatably connected with a threaded rod (339), the other end of the threaded rod (339) is rotatably connected with the outer wall of one supporting plate (338), the outer wall of the threaded rod (339) is fixedly connected with a gear (3310) meshed with the toothed plate (337), the inner wall of the ventilation groove (331) is fixedly connected with two symmetrical limiting rods (3311), the other end of the limiting rod (3311) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the other supporting plate (338), two threaded rods (3312) are fixedly connected with the threaded rods (3312), a plurality of vertical plates (3313) fixedly connected with the wind shield (334) are fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting plate (3312).

7. The medical instrument disinfection and sterilization apparatus according to claim 6, wherein an inverted Y-shaped slide way (3314) is provided on the inner wall of the cabinet body (1), the inverted Y-shaped slide way (3314) is composed of a vertical section and an inclined section which is symmetrically inclined downward and is communicated with the vertical section, the depth of the inclined section in the downward extending direction is linearly shortened until the inclined section is flush with the inner wall surface of the cabinet body (1), and an elastic telescopic rod (3315) which is in sliding contact with the Y-shaped slide way is fixedly connected to one side of the two extrusion plates (32) close to the inverted Y-shaped slide way (3314).

8. The medical instrument disinfection and sterilization apparatus of claim 7, wherein the inner wall of the cabinet body (1) is fixedly connected with two symmetrical return springs (4), the other end of the return springs (4) is fixedly connected with a transverse plate (5) contacted with a corresponding position extrusion plate (32), and a connecting spring is fixedly connected between the placing plate (31) and the steam sprayer (21).