CN119242330B - Preparation process for preparing biofuel based on subcritical technology - Google Patents
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
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- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
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Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于亚临界技术制备生物燃料的制备工艺，包括：将干基污泥原料和生物物质原料进行搅拌混合，并加入能够分解成气体的物质得到混合物，并对混合物进行预处理；在预处理后的混合物内加入溶剂和助溶剂，持续搅拌，得到浆状混合物；将浆状混合物与亚临界水加入无氧密封的反应釜内进行加热处理，加入金属氧化物作为催化剂，进行高温高压处理，得到固液混合物；将得到的固液混合物进行过滤，得到水油混合物以及残渣，并对水油混合物进行萃取得到生物油产品使得溶剂和反应物能够更快速地渗透到原料内部。这一变化不仅加速了反应的进行，还有效降低了反应过程中可能产生的能量损失，进一步提高了生物燃料的产量。
The invention discloses a preparation process for preparing biofuel based on subcritical technology, comprising: stirring and mixing dry sludge raw materials and biomass raw materials, adding a substance that can be decomposed into gas to obtain a mixture, and pre-treating the mixture; adding a solvent and a co-solvent to the pre-treated mixture, and continuously stirring to obtain a slurry mixture; adding the slurry mixture and subcritical water to an oxygen-free sealed reactor for heating treatment, adding a metal oxide as a catalyst, and performing high temperature and high pressure treatment to obtain a solid-liquid mixture; filtering the obtained solid-liquid mixture to obtain a water-oil mixture and residue, and extracting the water-oil mixture to obtain a bio-oil product so that the solvent and reactants can penetrate into the raw materials more quickly. This change not only accelerates the reaction, but also effectively reduces the energy loss that may be generated during the reaction, and further increases the yield of biofuel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field related to a biofuel preparation process, in particular to the field of products based on animal substances or plant substances (biological substances), and in particular relates to a preparation process for preparing a biofuel based on a subcritical technology.
Background
With the continued growth of global energy demand and the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the development of clean, renewable energy has become an important issue in the world today. Biofuel is a renewable clean energy source, and has a wide source of raw materials, a relatively simple preparation process, and an effective reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and thus has been attracting attention. In recent years, subcritical technology is an emerging method for preparing biofuel, and has become a hot spot for research due to its unique advantages. Subcritical technology is a physicochemical reaction technology that is conducted under specific temperature and pressure conditions. In subcritical conditions, physical properties of the substance may vary significantly, such as density, solubility, diffusion coefficient, etc., which provide unique conditions for biofuel production. Compared with the traditional biofuel preparation method, the subcritical technology has the advantages of high reaction speed, high conversion rate, low energy consumption, environmental friendliness and the like.
However, pretreatment of raw materials is an important link in the preparation process of the biofuel in the prior art. The traditional pretreatment methods such as a physical method, a chemical method and the like often have the problems of high energy consumption, environmental pollution and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation process for preparing biofuel based on subcritical technology.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the preparation process for preparing the biofuel based on the subcritical technology comprises the following steps:
S1, stirring and mixing a dry sludge raw material and a biological material raw material, adding a substance capable of being decomposed into gas to obtain a mixture, and preprocessing the mixture;
S2, adding a solvent and a cosolvent into the pretreated mixture, and continuously stirring to obtain a pasty mixture;
s3, adding the pasty mixture and subcritical water into an oxygen-free sealed reaction kettle for heating treatment, adding metal oxide as a catalyst, and carrying out high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain a solid-liquid mixture;
And S4, filtering and evaporating the obtained solid-liquid mixture to obtain a water-oil mixture and residues, and extracting the water-oil mixture to obtain a biological oil product.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, the biomass raw material includes one or more of jatropha oil, rice hull, and spirulina, the ratio of the dry sludge raw material to the biomass raw material is 1:0.5-1.5, and the stirring and mixing parameters are 120r/min-200r/min, and the time is 1-3 hours.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, the substance decomposed into gas is one or more of ammonium bicarbonate, urea, diatomite and activated carbon, and the total mass of the substance decomposed into gas is 5% -20% of the total mass of the dry sludge raw material and the biomass raw material.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, the preprocessing is specifically performed as follows:
the mixture is added with one or more of alkylphenol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol ethoxylates or sodium dodecyl sulfate as surface activity to be stirred and mixed, heated and filtered to obtain the mixture after the treatment.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stirring and mixing parameters are 120r/min-200r/min, the heating treatment parameters are 60-80 ℃, the obtained mixture is neutral, and the mass ratio of the mixture to the surfactant is 1:0.05-0.2.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the solvent to the cosolvent is 1:05-2, and the continuous stirring parameter is 120r/min-200r/min, and the time is 2-4h.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, the heating treatment parameter is a heating rate of 8-12 ℃ per minute, a final temperature of 160-200 ℃ and a duration of 8-9 hours.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, the metal oxide is one or more of iron oxide, sodium cuprate, titanium oxide and magnesium oxide, wherein the mass of the metal oxide is 1% -10% of the weight of the mixture, the high temperature and high pressure parameters are that the temperature rising rate is 8-12 ℃ per minute, the final temperature is 330-360 ℃, the duration is 2-3h, and the pressure is 8-32MPa.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S4, the evaporation temperature is 80-100 ℃ and the time is 1-3 hours.
The invention solves the defects existing in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention relates to a preparation process for preparing biofuel based on subcritical technology, which uses metal oxide as catalyst and uses the metal oxide and the ammonium bicarbonate and urea in a mutually matched way, the specific surface area of raw materials is obviously increased by adding the ammonium bicarbonate and the urea, more active sites are provided for the metal oxide catalyst, and more pores are formed along with the rising of temperature in the preparation process, compared with the prior art, the preparation process not only ensures that organic matters in the raw materials are easier to contact with the catalyst, but also improves the utilization rate of the catalyst, thereby realizing the great improvement of reaction efficiency, and simultaneously, the solvent and reactants can permeate into the raw materials more rapidly. The change not only accelerates the reaction, but also effectively reduces the energy loss possibly generated in the reaction process and further improves the yield of the biofuel.
(2) The invention relates to a preparation process for preparing biofuel based on subcritical technology, by mutually matching iron oxide and sodium cuprate, the activation energy required by raw materials in the production process is obviously reduced by selecting the iron oxide and the sodium cuprate as metal oxides, compared with the prior art, organic matters in the raw materials can be efficiently converted at a lower temperature, so that energy sources are saved, side reactions possibly generated due to high temperature are reduced, and meanwhile, the reaction efficiency of the biofuel is improved by adding the iron oxide and the sodium cuprate, the production period is shortened, and the overall production efficiency is also improved.
(3) The invention relates to a preparation process for preparing biofuel based on subcritical technology, through the mutual cooperation between ammonium bicarbonate and urea, along with the continuous preparation of biofuel, the temperature is gradually increased, urea and ammonium bicarbonate are gradually decomposed, and rich pore structures are formed in raw materials, so that the specific surface area of the raw materials is remarkably improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art;
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in the figure, a preparation process for preparing biofuel based on subcritical technology comprises the following steps:
S1, stirring and mixing a dry sludge raw material and a biological material raw material, adding a substance capable of being decomposed into gas to obtain a mixture, and preprocessing the mixture;
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, the preprocessing is specifically performed as follows:
the mixture is added with one or more of alkylphenol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol ethoxylates or sodium dodecyl sulfate as surface activity to be stirred and mixed, heated and filtered to obtain the mixture after the treatment.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stirring and mixing parameters are 120r/min-200r/min, the heating treatment parameters are 60-80 ℃, the obtained mixture is neutral, and the mass ratio of the mixture to the surfactant is 1:0.05-0.2.
The pretreatment is specifically performed by uniformly adding the prepared alkylphenol ethoxylate to the mixture of the dry sludge and the biomass raw material. The addition of alkylphenol ethoxylates helps to improve the surface properties of the raw materials and promote subsequent reactions. After adding alkylphenol ethoxylates, the pH of the mixture is adjusted to 2-5 using an appropriate acid or base. This step is to ensure that alkylphenol ethoxylates perform optimally in subsequent reactions. And heating the mixture with the regulated pH value to 50-90 ℃ and keeping the temperature for a period of time to enable alkylphenol ethoxylates to fully react with the raw materials, wherein the reaction temperature is preferably 60-80 ℃. In the whole reaction process, the alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and the raw materials are uniformly mixed by stirring, and the reaction is promoted. After the reaction was completed, the pH of the mixture was adjusted to neutral using calcium hydroxide for the subsequent treatment. Filtering to remove precipitate generated in the reaction to obtain the raw material pretreated by alkylphenol ethoxylate.
The alkylphenol ethoxylates also form a film on the surface of the raw material particles. The film is composed of surfactant molecules, hydrophilic groups of the surfactant molecules face to the water phase, and hydrophobic groups of the surfactant molecules are combined with the raw material particles, so that a protective layer is formed on the surfaces of the particles. The film can effectively prevent agglomeration of raw material particles due to mutual attraction. When the particles are brought close to each other, attractive forces therebetween are weakened due to the presence of the surfactant molecules, thereby maintaining the dispersed state of the particles. The alkylphenol ethoxylates stabilize the slurry system during pulping and subsequent reactions. This is because the alkylphenol ethoxylate molecules form a thin film on the surface of the particles that can prevent direct contact and collision between the particles, thereby reducing the sedimentation and delamination tendency of the particles. And the surfactant molecules can also form micelle or micelle structures in the liquid, and the structures can increase the viscosity of the liquid and further improve the stability of the system.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, the biomass raw material includes one or more of jatropha oil, rice hull, and spirulina, the ratio of the dry sludge raw material to the biomass raw material is 1:0.5-1.5, and the stirring and mixing parameters are 120r/min-200r/min, and the time is 1-3 hours.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S1, the substance decomposed into gas is one or more of ammonium bicarbonate, urea, diatomite and activated carbon, and the total mass of the substance decomposed into gas is 5% -20% of the total mass of the dry sludge raw material and the biomass raw material.
In the mixing process of treating the dry sludge raw material and the biomass raw material, namely, the jatropha curcas oil, substances decomposed into gas, namely, ammonium bicarbonate and urea are added, and pretreatment is carried out by using an active agent. Wherein ammonium bicarbonate and urea decompose during heating to produce gases, i.e. ammonia, carbon dioxide, which form tiny pores or voids in the solid mixture. The existence of the air holes can increase the specific surface area of the biofuel, is beneficial to the full contact of oxygen and fuel in the combustion process, and improves the combustion efficiency. And the air holes can also be used as expansion channels in the fuel, so that a more fluffy combustion layer can be formed in the combustion process, and the combustion efficiency is further improved.
The use of ammonium bicarbonate and urea aims to generate gases by their decomposition during the reaction, thereby forming pores and channels inside the feedstock, thereby increasing the surface area and porosity of the feedstock.
Ammonium bicarbonate (NH 4HCO3) decomposes upon heating to produce ammonia (NH 3), carbon dioxide (CO 2), and water vapor (H 2 O). This decomposition process starts at 30 ℃ and is complete at 150 ℃. Thus, after adding ammonium bicarbonate to the feedstock, as the temperature increases, the ammonium bicarbonate begins to decompose and produce gases that form bubbles and expand within the feedstock, eventually forming pores. Urea (NH 2)2) generally begins to decompose at a relatively high decomposition temperature, typically around 150 ℃ and gradually and completely at 260 ℃, urea decomposes to produce ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor, which, like ammonium bicarbonate, also form bubbles within the feedstock and expand into pores, ammonium bicarbonate decomposes at a relatively high temperature, thus being suitable for use in feedstocks requiring relatively high temperature treatment, and by combining both returns, allows both to continue to act on the feedstock throughout the biofuel production process, at a low temperature stage, i.e., 30 ℃ to 150 ℃, at which stage ammonium bicarbonate begins to decompose and produce gas, the urea does not start to decompose, and thus, pores are mainly formed at this time, which are generated by the decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate, in the medium temperature stage, i.e., 150 to 200C, at this stage, at this point, the gas from the urea decomposition will further expand the pores formed, and new pores may be formed, at high temperature, i.e. 200-260C, at which time urea is completely decomposed and the raw material may need to be subjected to further sintering or curing.
And because of the difference of the heated decomposition temperatures of the urea and the ammonium bicarbonate, the urea and the ammonium bicarbonate can continuously play a role in the whole preparation process, and at the low-temperature stage, the ammonium bicarbonate starts to decompose to generate ammonia, carbon dioxide and water vapor. The release of these gases creates an initial pore structure within the feedstock, thereby beginning to increase the specific surface area of the feedstock. As the temperature increases from the low temperature stage to the medium temperature stage, urea begins to decompose, releasing more ammonia and carbon dioxide. Because the inside of the raw material has a certain pore structure, the gas generated by urea decomposition can further expand the pores, and new pores are formed at new positions, so that the specific surface area of the raw material is further increased. The decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate and urea at different temperatures allows the formation and expansion of the pores to continue until the desired specific surface area is reached. The synergistic effect ensures that the specific surface area of the raw materials can be effectively improved in the whole preparation process.
The initial pores formed by the decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate at lower temperatures provide access for solvents and reactants and subsequent metal oxides into the interior of the feedstock. These channels help to improve the mass transfer process so that solvents and reactants can penetrate more rapidly into the feedstock interior. With the decomposition of urea at high temperature, the pore structure inside the raw material is further expanded. This allows more solvent and reactants to enter the interior of the feedstock, further improving the mass transfer process. Because of the decomposition of ammonium bicarbonate and urea at different temperatures, pore formation and expansion can continue, thereby continuously improving the mass transfer process throughout the preparation process.
S2, adding a solvent and a cosolvent into the pretreated mixture, and continuously stirring to obtain a pasty mixture;
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S2, the mass ratio of the solvent to the cosolvent is 1:05-2, and the continuous stirring parameter is 120r/min-200r/min, and the time is 2-4h.
In this step, the solvent is preferably water, the cosolvent is preferably isobutanol, and the isobutanol is a polar short-chain alcohol organic substance, is miscible with water, and has good compatibility with the organic substance in the biomass raw material. In the process of preparing the slurry mixture, the isobutanol can be used as a cosolvent to enhance the dissolving capacity of the solvent to the biomass raw material, so that the raw material is more uniformly dispersed in the solvent. The hydroxyl (-OH) in its molecular structure imparts a certain polarity. The polarity makes the isobutanol mutually soluble with water (polar solvent) and also easily interact with polar organic matters in the biomass raw material, so that the dissolving capacity of the solvent to the biomass raw material is enhanced, and organic matters in the biomass raw material can be dissolved in the solvent more quickly after the water and the isobutanol are mixed in the pulping process, so that more uniform slurry is formed. The solvent is effectively increased by adding the isobutanol, so that organic matters in the raw materials can be more fully extracted, the isobutanol has emulsifying property, the interfacial tension between the water phase and the oil phase can be reduced, the grease components are easier to disperse in the water phase, the grease components in the biomass raw materials are better dispersed in the water phase, a stable interfacial film is formed between the water phase and the oil phase along with the addition of the isobutanol, oil drop aggregation and precipitation are effectively prevented, stable emulsion is formed, the full utilization and conversion of grease in subsequent reactions are facilitated, and the yield and quality of the biofuel are improved.
The chemical property of the isobutanol is stable, hydroxyl (-OH) in the molecular structure of the isobutanol is not easy to react with other components in the biomass raw material, so that unnecessary byproducts are avoided to be generated or the quality of products is reduced, and the carbon chain of the isobutanol is shorter and has no active functional group, so that the isobutanol has lower reactivity and is not easy to perform unnecessary chemical reaction with other components in the biomass raw material.
Therefore, when the solvent selects water and the cosolvent selects isobutanol, the combination of the water and the isobutanol can obviously improve the dissolution efficiency of the biomass raw material, so that organic matters in the raw material are more fully dissolved in the solvent to form uniform slurry, and the addition of the isobutanol can improve the fluidity, the stability and the emulsifying property of the slurry, so that the slurry is easier to process and react subsequently. The use of water as a solvent can reduce the cost of biofuel production due to its low cost and ready availability. Meanwhile, the isobutanol can be effectively dissolved and mixed at a lower temperature, so that the energy consumption is reduced.
S3, adding the pasty mixture and subcritical water into an oxygen-free sealed reaction kettle for heating treatment, adding metal oxide as a catalyst, and carrying out high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain a solid-liquid mixture;
in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, the heating treatment parameter is a heating rate of 8-12 ℃ per minute, a final temperature of 160-200 ℃ and a duration of 8-9 hours.
Subcritical water means water obtained by heating water to a temperature above the boiling point, that is, above 100 ℃, but below the critical point (374 ℃ and 22.1 MPa), and keeping the water in a liquid state under pressure, and replacing air in the reaction vessel with an inert gas (that is, nitrogen). Under subcritical conditions, the physical and chemical properties of water change significantly, i.e. the dielectric constant decreases and the dissolution capacity increases. These changes allow water to react more effectively with the materials in the feedstock, further adjusting the water dissolution capacity by controlling the temperature and pressure of the subcritical water treatment to better interact with the organics in the biomass feedstock, heating the slurry mixture during mixing with the subcritical water, where the organics in the biomass feedstock begin to dissolve in the subcritical water, and due to the specific properties of the subcritical water, such as enhanced dissolution capacity, more organics can be dissolved and extracted, thereby improving the utilization of the feedstock.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S3, the metal oxide is one or more of iron oxide, sodium cuprate, titanium oxide and magnesium oxide, wherein the mass of the metal oxide is 1% -10% of the weight of the mixture, the high temperature and high pressure parameters are that the temperature rising rate is 8-12 ℃ per minute, the final temperature is 330-360 ℃, the duration is 2-3h, and the pressure is 8-32MPa.
It should be noted that, as subcritical water treatment proceeds, conditions in the reaction vessel need to be further optimized to perform high-temperature and high-pressure reaction. At this time, the reaction vessel was continuously heated at a heating rate of 10℃/min until the temperature required for the high-temperature high-pressure reaction, i.e., 330 to 360℃was reached. The total pressure in the reaction kettle is maintained at 8-32 MPa while the temperature is raised. Under high temperature and pressure conditions, the organic matter in the sludge and biomass feedstock begins to interact with the metal oxide catalyst. This process is known as the liquefaction reaction. Liquefaction is a process of converting a solid or semi-solid substance into a liquid product by the action of a catalyst at a specific temperature and pressure. In the liquefaction reaction, the macromolecular organic matter in the biomass feedstock is broken down into smaller molecules which are further converted into bio-oil and other products by the action of the catalyst. The bio-oil is a liquid fuel with high heat value, can be used as an important component of the bio-fuel, and as the temperature rises, urea and ammonium bicarbonate are continuously decomposed to generate gas which acts on the raw material, so that pores and channels are formed in the raw material, the surface area and the porosity of the raw material are increased, and the end oxide is deeper into the raw material.
Iron oxide and sodium cuprate can provide adsorbed active sites for reactant molecules to reduce the activation energy required for the reaction. Thus, when the catalysts are used at the same temperature, the reaction is easier to carry out, so that the reaction efficiency is improved, and the reaction can be carried out at a lower temperature due to the reduction of the activation energy required by the reaction, so that the energy consumption is reduced. And the ferric oxide and sodium cuprate metal oxide catalyst can accelerate the collision frequency and the effective collision proportion between reactant molecules, so that the reaction rate is accelerated, organic matters in the raw materials can be converted into biofuel more quickly, and the overall production efficiency is improved. The reaction is carried out at a lower temperature, so that side reactions possibly generated at a high temperature can be reduced, and the purity and quality of a target product are maintained.
And S4, filtering and evaporating the obtained solid-liquid mixture to obtain a water-oil mixture and residues, and extracting the water-oil mixture to obtain a biological oil product.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step S4, the evaporation temperature is 80-100 ℃ and the time is 1-3 hours.
The filtration is to filter the obtained solid-liquid mixture through an organic filter membrane, so as to separate a liquid-phase mixture and a residue mixture, transfer the liquid-phase mixture into a rotary evaporator, evaporate and remove absolute ethyl alcohol at 80 ℃ to obtain a water-oil mixture, and finally extract the water-oil mixture to obtain the biological oil.
Embodiment one:
stirring and mixing the dry sludge raw material and the jatropha curcas oil, wherein the ratio of the dry sludge raw material to the biomass raw material is 1:1, the stirring and mixing parameter is 160r/min, the time is 2h, ammonium bicarbonate and urea are added to obtain a mixture, the total mass of the ammonium bicarbonate and the urea is 12% of the total mass of the dry sludge raw material and the biomass raw material, the ratio of the ammonium bicarbonate to the urea is 1:1.3, alkylphenol ethoxylate is used as a surfactant to stir and mix the mixture, the mixture is heated and filtered, the stirring and mixing parameter is 160r/min, the heating and mixing parameter is 70 ℃, the obtained mixture is neutral, and the mass ratio of the mixture to the surfactant is 1:0.1, so that the pretreated mixture is obtained.
And adding water into the mixture pretreated by alkylphenol ethoxylates as a solvent, adding isobutanol as a cosolvent, and continuously stirring, wherein the mass ratio of the solvent to the cosolvent is 1:1.3, and the continuous stirring parameter is 160r/min for 3 hours to obtain a pasty mixture.
And then adding the pasty mixture and subcritical water into an oxygen-free sealed reaction kettle for heating treatment, wherein the heating treatment parameter is that the heating rate is 10 ℃ per minute, the final temperature is 180 ℃ and the duration is 8.6 hours, adding metal oxide iron oxide and sodium cuprate as catalysts, and carrying out high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain a solid-liquid mixture, wherein the mass of the metal oxide accounts for 7% of the weight of the mixture, the heating rate is 10 ℃ per minute, the final temperature is 340 ℃ and the duration is 2.3 hours and the pressure is 15MPa, so that the solid-liquid mixture is obtained, and the solid-liquid mixture is taken out from the reaction kettle.
And finally, filtering the obtained solid-liquid mixture by using an organic filter membrane, performing evaporation operation, wherein the evaporation temperature is 90 ℃, obtaining a water-oil mixture and residues, and extracting the water-oil mixture to obtain a biological oil product.
Experiment one:
The preparation was carried out based on the preparation method of example one, using 100kg of dry sludge raw material and 100kg of jatropha oil, recording the yield of bio-oil prepared in example one as experimental group one, and using this to change the use of metal oxide and the use of substances capable of decomposing gas, respectively, and again, recording the yield, thereby obtaining several control groups, see table 1 in detail
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the combination table 1, the metal oxide is preferably the combination of iron oxide and sodium cuprate, the substances for decomposing and generating gas are selected from ammonium bicarbonate and urea, through the combination of the four substances, the activation energy required by the raw materials in the production process is reduced through the metal oxide, so that the organic matters in the raw materials can be efficiently converted at a lower temperature, meanwhile, the substances for decomposing and generating gas are gradually decomposed along with the rise of the temperature, and rich pore structures are formed in the raw materials, so that the specific surface area of the raw materials is remarkably improved, more active sites are provided, the catalyst can be combined and reacted with the inside of the raw materials, and the catalytic effect is further achieved.
Experiment II:
the preparation was carried out based on the preparation method of example one, using 100kg of dry sludge raw material and 100kg of jatropha oil, recording the yield of bio-oil prepared in example one as experiment group two, and on the basis of example one, changing the amount of metal oxide and the amount of substance decomposed into gas in example one, respectively, and recording the yield of bio-oil prepared after changing the amount of metal oxide and the amount of substance decomposed into gas as control groups, see in particular table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the table two, the metal oxide is preferably used in an amount of 7% of the total mass of the technical oxide based on the weight of the mixture, the substance decomposed into gas is preferably used in an amount of 12% of the total mass of the dry sludge raw material and the biomass raw material, the optimal yield achieved by the combination of the dry sludge raw material and the biomass raw material is 38.95kg, and the substance decomposed into gas is decomposed by heating, so that excessive pore structures are generated in the raw material, more binding sites are provided for the metal oxide, and efficient catalysis is realized.
The above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention are intended to suggest that, from the above description, various changes and modifications can be made by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
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