CN119236244B

CN119236244B - Night breathing management system for severe child patients

Info

Publication number: CN119236244B
Application number: CN202411468036.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张枫; 程翼飞
Original assignee: Peking University Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Peking University Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2024-10-21
Filing date: 2024-10-21
Publication date: 2025-05-13
Anticipated expiration: 2044-10-21
Also published as: CN119236244A

Abstract

The present invention provides a nocturnal respiratory management system for critically ill children, comprising: an oxygen saturation monitoring device for collecting oxygen saturation data of the monitored person; a respiratory rate monitoring device for collecting the respiratory rate of the monitored person; a respiratory movement sensing device for collecting the respiratory movement of the monitored person; a controllable ventilation device for supporting the breathing of the monitored person; and a central control device for controlling the controllable ventilation device to switch the breathing mode of the monitored person according to the oxygen saturation data, respiratory rate and respiratory movement. The present invention realizes comprehensive monitoring of the respiratory status of the child through real-time monitoring and data analysis, effectively identifies the child's respiratory difficulties and implements automatic early intervention.

Description

Night breathing management system for severe child patients

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical informatics, in particular to a night breathing management system for severe child patients.

Background

For the severe acute pneumonia infant, the change of illness state is fast during hospitalization, and the heart electric monitoring is carried out to monitor indexes such as heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation and the like, so as to identify and judge vital signs. During the daytime, enough medical staff can handle abnormal conditions, at night, the on-duty staff can be reminded only by the alarm of the electrocardiograph monitoring equipment, the change of vital signs of the child patient on the electrocardiograph monitoring instrument is seen by the on-duty staff, and then the doctor on the upper level is called to judge the illness state and handle, so that a lot of time and energy are wasted in the middle, and the best intervention opportunity is possibly missed.

Patients with severe childhood, especially infants under 3 years old, have a high probability of respiratory tract infection, and because the airways do not develop completely, pneumonia caused by various viral and bacterial infections is often heavy and the condition changes relatively rapidly. Unlike adults, children's respiratory systems have their characteristics. Firstly, the trachea and bronchus of infants are narrower than those of adults, cartilage is soft, elastic tissues are lacked, supporting effect is weak, and intercostal space is easy to sink when dyspnea occurs. Anatomically, infant's thorax is short, is barreled, and rib horizontal position, intercostal muscle are underdeveloped, can not increase the thorax extension when breathing in, because chest respiratory muscle is underdeveloped, and the thorax is less and the lung is relatively great, and the thorax range of motion is little when breathing, and the lung can not fully expand, influence ventilation and take a breath. Because infant chest wall is soft, chest collapse easily occurs when pulmonary infection occurs, so that the expansion of the lung is limited, and respiratory failure is easily caused. Due to the development, the children have insufficient reaction capability to some pathogenic factors, have large vital sign fluctuation and cannot effectively communicate with speech and limb behaviors, so that the method has great significance for timely and accurately identifying the vital signs of the children patients in early stage, and obtaining valuable treatment opportunity for the life of the children patients.

In respiratory management of infants suffering from severe symptoms, whether or not to inhale oxygen and flow rate are generally determined by abnormal oxygenation. However, as described above, the various pathogenic factors of the severe infant influence each other, and the problem that children mainly breathe themselves accounts for the vast majority of diseases, and most of deaths are also caused by respiratory problems, so that sudden death due to simple heart sources is rare. Thus, in severe children, how to identify respiratory problems and intervene early is critical in preemptive treatment of severe pneumonia children. Currently, in the existing respiratory management, human intervention of medical staff is generally mainly relied on. At night, due to the lack of medical staff, it is often difficult to manage and intervene in time on the breathing of the child at the first time.

Although the current electrocardiograph monitoring can manually set the alarm range of each vital sign in advance, in clinic, the heart rate and the respiratory range corresponding to the infant at different ages and different states are different, but the current electrocardiograph monitoring device cannot intelligently monitor and alarm according to the age state. Furthermore, current electrocardiographic monitoring devices, for technical reasons, often display an immediate respiratory trade-off to every minute, with false indications. In addition, the existing electrocardiograph monitoring device cannot actively intervene on respiration, the physical sign of children changes greatly at night, early warning of single physical sign can not only cause false alarm, but also miss the time of early intervention, for example, when the oxygen saturation and the respiratory rate are normal and the respiration mobility is increased and the respiration is difficult, the existing machine cannot recognize the phenomenon and intervene in time.

Therefore, there is a need for a night automatic respiratory management system that can monitor the respiratory rate, thoracic respiratory activity, and oxygen saturation of children simultaneously, and determine the presence or absence of dyspnea and oxygenation, to make automatic decisions and interventions and to provide different oxygen inhalation flows depending on the condition changes.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a night breathing management system for a severe child patient, which is used for solving the defects of the prior art.

The invention provides a night breathing management system for a severe child patient, which comprises the following components:

the oxygen saturation monitoring device is used for collecting oxygen saturation data of a monitored person;

the respiratory frequency monitoring device is used for collecting respiratory frequency of a monitored person;

the breathing motion sensing device is used for collecting the breathing motion of the monitored person;

A controllable ventilation device for supporting respiration of the subject;

And the central control device is used for sending a breathing mode control signal to the controllable ventilation device according to the oxygen saturation data obtained by the oxygen saturation monitoring device, the breathing frequency data obtained by the breathing frequency monitoring device and the breathing mobility data obtained by the breathing mobility sensing device so as to control the controllable ventilation device to support the breathing of the monitored person according to the breathing mode.

According to the night breathing management system for the severe child patients, the breathing modes comprise a free breathing mode and an oxygen inhalation mode, and the oxygen inhalation mode comprises a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode and a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode.

According to the night breathing management system for the severe child patients provided by the invention, the controllable ventilation device comprises a breathing mask, and the breathing mask specifically comprises:

The mask body, be equipped with oxygen source interface, air vent and the breathing window that is used for covering the air vent of external oxygen source on the mask body.

According to the night breathing management system for the severe child patients, provided by the invention, the breathing window is provided with a shutter structure, and the shutter structure specifically comprises:

the shutter main body frame is matched with the vent holes, and a plurality of blades which are arranged in parallel are arranged on the shutter main body frame;

the driving mechanism is connected with the blades and used for controlling the rotation of the blades so as to adjust the inlet and outlet flow of the vent holes;

and the microcontroller is electrically connected with the driving mechanism and is used for responding to the control signal of the central control device to control the action of the driving mechanism so as to adjust the working state of the breathing window.

According to the night breathing management system for the severe child patients provided by the invention, the driving mechanism specifically comprises:

the output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the blades;

and the speed reducing device is connected between the output shaft of the driving motor and the blade and is used for reducing the rotation speed of the driving motor.

According to the invention, the night breathing management system for the severe child patient provided by the invention, the breathing window further comprises:

A wireless communication unit for receiving a wireless control signal;

The position sensor is arranged on the shutter main body frame and used for detecting the position of the blade and feeding back the position information of the blade to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller adjusts and controls the angle of the blade according to the fed-back position information.

According to the night breathing management system for the severe child patients, the blades are made of flexible materials, the flexible materials are high polymer materials, and the flexible high polymer materials comprise polyurethane, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, thermoplastic elastomer, polydimethylsiloxane and polytetrafluoroethylene.

According to the night breathing management system for the child severe patients, provided by the invention, in response to the breathing mode control signal of the central control device, the breathing window synchronously acts according to the breathing mode indicated in the breathing mode control signal to adjust the working state, wherein the working state comprises the following steps:

The first state corresponds to a free breathing mode, and when the breathing window is in the first state, the blades and the plane where the shutter main body frame is located form an angle of 90 degrees;

the second state corresponds to a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode, and when the breathing window is in the second state, the blade and the plane where the shutter main body frame is located form an angle of 45 degrees;

And the third state corresponds to a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode, and when the breathing window is in the third state, the blades and the shutter main body frame are coplanar, so that the shutter main body frame covers the breathing window and closes the vent hole.

According to the night breathing management system for the severe child patients, the oxygen saturation monitoring device is set to be a pulse oximeter, a central venous oxygen saturation measuring instrument or a monitor with an oxygen saturation monitoring function.

According to the present invention there is provided a nocturnal breathing management system for child severe patients, the central control means being arranged to:

receiving real-time oxygen saturation data of a monitored person, which are acquired by an oxygen saturation monitoring device, and comparing the real-time oxygen saturation data with a preset first threshold value to obtain an oxygen saturation comparison result, wherein the oxygen saturation comparison result is used for switching the breathing mode of the monitored person;

Receiving real-time respiratory rate data of a monitored person, which are acquired by a respiratory rate monitoring device, comparing the real-time respiratory rate data with a second threshold value, if the real-time respiratory rate data are larger than the second threshold value, starting a timer arranged in a control device to count the respiratory times in a timing period and convert the respiratory times into corrected respiratory rate values, and comparing the corrected respiratory rate values in the timing period with the second threshold value again to obtain corrected respiratory rate comparison results;

and receiving the breathing activity data from the breathing activity sensing device, and obtaining a breathing activity judgment result to judge whether the breathing activity is abnormal or not.

And the central control device switches the breathing mode of the monitored person into a high-flow breathing mode according to preset oxygen inhalation flow switching conditions and simultaneously sends control signals to a control valve or a flowmeter on the controllable ventilation device and an external oxygen source, a microcontroller on the controllable ventilation device receives the control signals and then enables a breathing window to be in a third state, and the external oxygen source supplies high-flow oxygen to the controllable ventilation device.

According to the night breathing management system for the child severe patients provided by the invention, the breathing activity sensing device comprises a plurality of breathing activity sensors, and the plurality of breathing activity sensors are preferably placed at the chest, the collarbone and the intercostal spaces of the monitored person.

According to the night breathing management system for the child severe patients, provided by the invention, the breathing activity abnormality can be that at least one of the breathing activity at the supraclavicular fossa, the suprasternal fossa and the intercostal space is larger than a third threshold value, and preferably the breathing activity at the supraclavicular fossa, the suprasternal fossa and the intercostal space is larger than the third threshold value.

According to the night breathing management system for the severe child patients, provided by the invention, the preset oxygen inhalation flow switching condition is that if at least two of oxygen saturation is smaller than a first threshold, a corrected breathing frequency value is larger than a second threshold and breathing movement abnormality exists, the central control device switches the breathing mode of the monitored person into a high flow breathing mode.

According to the night breathing management system for the child severe patients, disclosed by the invention, the oxygen supply mode is managed by integrating oxygen saturation data, breathing frequency and breathing mobility data, and a more accurate treatment basis can be provided by comprehensively analyzing multiple parameters, so that more accurate oxygen supply flow regulation is realized, and the increase of the breathing frequency is often the early expression of respiratory distress. When the respiratory rate exceeds a preset threshold, further monitoring of the respiratory activity can help to judge whether respiratory muscle fatigue or dyspnea exists, so that intervention measures such as adjusting the flow of oxygen supply, giving auxiliary ventilation and the like can be timely taken, and the disease condition is prevented from deteriorating. In addition, the respiratory rate value is corrected, and the respiratory activity monitoring combined with the illness characteristics of children can provide accurate judgment of night respiratory management time and early active automatic intervention, so that not only can the error display of medical instruments be avoided, but also reasonable respiratory support can be provided earlier than manual intervention, which is particularly important for children suffering from the illness.

The night breathing management system for the severe child patients provided by the invention reduces the burden of night inspection and manual regulation of oxygen supply flow of medical staff through an automatic monitoring and regulating mechanism, and reasonable oxygen supply flow can reduce discomfort of the child patients caused by too high or too low oxygen concentration, and in addition, through accurate breathing management, the breathing function of the child patients can be improved, complications caused by breathing problems are reduced, and thus the rehabilitation process of the child patients is accelerated.

The night breathing management system for the severe child patients forms a closed-loop breathing management system, medical errors caused by human negligence or misjudgment can be reduced to a certain extent, medical safety is improved, and in addition, the novel mask design is adopted to adapt to unmanned switching of oxygen inhalation modes of the child patients, operation of changing nasal tubes and masks and adjusting oxygen inhalation flow by medical staff is not needed, and the night breathing management system is suitable for automatic unmanned breathing management of the child patients at night.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following brief description will be given of the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention and that other drawings can be obtained from them without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for managing nocturnal breathing in a child patient according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a controllable ventilation device in a nocturnal breathing management system for child patients according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a controllable ventilation device according to the present invention in a fully open state of a breathing window;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a breathing window in a controllable ventilation device according to the present invention in a half-open state;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a controllable ventilation device in a fully closed state of a breathing window.

Reference numerals 100, oxygen saturation monitoring device, 200, respiratory rate monitoring device, 300, respiratory motion sensing device, 400, central control device, 500, controllable ventilation device, 510, oxygen source interface, 520, ventilation hole, 530, respiratory window, 540, oxygen storage bag, 531, blade.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions thereof will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, which should not be construed as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terminology used is for the purpose of description only and is not to be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a nocturnal breathing management system for child severe patients, comprising:

the oxygen saturation monitoring device 100 is used for collecting oxygen saturation data of a monitored person.

The oxygen saturation monitoring device 100 may be a pulse oximeter, a central venous blood oxygen saturation measuring instrument or a monitor with an oxygen saturation monitoring function, preferably a bedside monitor capable of adapting to an ICU control center.

In one particular embodiment, the respiratory rate monitoring device may be a monitor having the function of monitoring respiratory rate, such as a bedside monitor in an ICU, in another particular embodiment, the respiratory rate monitoring device may be a respiratory sensor capable of sensing various respiratory parameters, which may be wirelessly connected to a central control device for real-time wireless monitoring of various respiratory parameters including respiratory rate, and in yet another embodiment, the respiratory rate monitoring device may be a sleep respiratory monitoring apparatus generally including a chest strap, an oxygen saturation monitoring device, and a respiratory flow sensor for monitoring respiratory rate and respiratory events during sleep.

In a specific embodiment, the respiratory rate monitoring device and the oxygen saturation monitoring device may be integrated in a bedside monitor, i.e. implemented with a bedside monitor provided with oxygen saturation monitoring and respiratory monitoring functions, which in an ICU is the most basic monitoring device, and may monitor vital sign indicators such as respiratory rate, electrocardiogram, blood pressure and blood oxygen saturation of a patient in real time. In this case, the nocturnal breathing management system of the child severe patient of the present invention may include only a bedside monitor, a respiratory activity monitoring device, a central control device, and a controllable ventilation device.

The respiratory rate monitoring device 200 is used for collecting respiratory rate of the monitored person.

The respiration rate sensing device 300 is used for collecting the respiration rate of the monitored person.

Wherein the respiratory motion sensing device 300 comprises a plurality of respiratory motion sensors. Further, the respiratory activity sensing device may include a respiratory activity sensor capable of detecting respiratory activity, including but not limited to an optical sensor, a pressure sensor, or a piezoelectric film sensor. A plurality of respiration activity sensors are arranged at least at the positions of the chest, the suprasternal fossa, the supraclavicular fossa on both sides and the intercostal spaces on both sides of the monitored person for sensing whether abnormal fluctuation (excessive depth) of the chest exists or not to find whether typical three-notch phenomenon (namely, suprasternal notch, supraclavicular notch and intercostal space notch) exists or not, and for judging whether respiration work condition exists or not when oxygen saturation is normal.

When the respiration rate sensor is a pressure sensor or a piezoelectric film sensor, the respiration rate sensor can be built in a chest belt and worn around the chest of a monitored person as a chest belt sensor to detect expansion and contraction of the chest, thereby measuring the respiration rate. Pressure sensors or piezoelectric film sensors (e.g., PVDF-based sensors) may also be designed to be attached to the chest of the person being monitored in a position to be measured, and measure respiratory activity by capturing pressure changes during respiration or vibrations during respiration to reflect the expansion and contraction of the thorax in the area being measured, respectively.

When an optical sensor (e.g. an LED sensor) is used, the fluctuation of the thorax can be sensed by optical principles and converted into an electrical signal, which is sent to the control device by wireless or wired means, and the respiratory rate and respiratory mobility are calculated by a calculation unit in the central control device. Thus, in the case of using an optical sensor, respiration rate monitoring and respiration activity monitoring can be achieved simultaneously.

Thus, in one embodiment, the pediatric severe patient nocturnal breathing management system of the invention may include only an oxygen saturation monitoring device, an optical breathing sensor, a central control device, and a controllable ventilation device. In this embodiment, a plurality of optical respiration sensors may be disposed at the positions of the rib cage, suprasternal fossa, both supraclavicular fossa and both intercostal spaces of the subject, preferably at least at the suprasternal fossa, supraclavicular fossa and intercostal spaces.

The central control device 400 is configured to send a breathing pattern control signal to the controllable ventilator 500 according to the oxygen saturation data obtained by the oxygen saturation monitoring device 100, the breathing frequency data obtained by the breathing frequency monitoring device 200, and the breathing mobility data obtained by the breathing mobility sensing device 300, so as to control the controllable ventilator 500 to support the breathing of the monitored person according to the breathing pattern.

Further, the central control device may be a device capable of data exchange, data communication, and performing specific control functions, including, but not limited to, a central workstation, a personal general purpose computer, a single chip microcomputer, an industrial personal computer, or a terminal device (e.g., a PAD, PDA, or intelligent mobile computing device). Preferably, the central control means may be a central workstation or server in the ICU control center, where control software is installed, or a terminal device, where control applications are installed. ICU control centers typically include various monitors, central workstations, servers, nurse workstations, network switches, alarms and sensors, video monitoring systems, communication devices for instant messaging such as walkie-talkies, telephones, etc., power management systems such as UPS, various medical device interfaces, environmental monitoring systems for monitoring and regulating temperature, humidity, air quality, etc., printing and scanning devices, etc.

A controllable ventilation device 500 for supporting respiration of a monitored person.

Specifically, the monitored person can be a serious child patient needing to continuously monitor the change of illness in an ICU ward, preferably a serious child pneumonia patient or a child with lung infection, especially an infant under 3 years old, and in addition, the night breathing management system of the serious child patient can be placed in the ICU ward to be used as ICU automatic breathing management equipment.

The breathing mode comprises a free breathing mode and an oxygen inhalation mode, and the oxygen inhalation mode comprises a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode and a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode.

As shown in fig. 2, the controllable ventilation device 500 includes a respiratory mask, and the respiratory mask specifically includes:

The mask body, be equipped with oxygen source interface 510, air vent 520 and the breathing window 530 that is used for covering the air vent on the mask body, oxygen source interface department still is equipped with correspondingly and stores up oxygen bag 540, and breathing window 530 is the totally closed state in fig. 2 (in order to distinguish other structures conveniently, breathing window 530 is shown with black in the drawing), and various operating conditions of breathing window see the local structure schematic diagram of below fig. 3-5.

The shutter main body frame is matched with the vent holes, and a plurality of blades 531 which are arranged in parallel are arranged on the shutter main body frame;

The driving mechanism is connected with the blade 531 and used for controlling the blade 531 to rotate so as to adjust the inlet and outlet flow of the vent hole;

Further, the microcontroller, which may be an STC89C52 or other high performance microcontroller, preferably a programmable controller that may run a fuzzy-PI control algorithm, may calculate the motion parameters of the drive motor according to preset control logic.

Wherein, the actuating mechanism specifically includes:

a driving motor, an output shaft of which is connected with the blade 531;

And the speed reducing device is connected between the output shaft of the driving motor and the blade 531 and is used for reducing the rotation speed of the driving motor.

Wherein the breathing window further comprises:

the wireless communication unit is used for receiving wireless control signals, and the wireless communication unit can be selected from all modules with wireless communication functions, such as various Bluetooth modules, zigBee modules, wifi modules, cellular modules and the like.

And the position sensor is arranged on the shutter main body frame and is used for detecting the position of the blade 531 and feeding back the position information of the blade 531 to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller adjusts and controls the angle of the blade 531 according to the fed-back position information.

The flexible material is a high polymer material, and the flexible high polymer material comprises polyurethane, polyimide, polyvinyl chloride, a thermoplastic elastomer, polydimethylsiloxane and polytetrafluoroethylene.

Further, louver blades on the breathing window are made of flexible materials with good flexibility, when the louver blades are completely closed, the louver blades can be deformed through expiration of a patient, carbon dioxide is conveniently discharged, and the purpose is that the patient can exhale carbon dioxide when inhaling oxygen at high flow rate. When inhaling, because the shutter is in the closed state, be favorable to keeping high concentration oxygen in the face guard, when exhaling, the air current of exhaling dashes out soft shutter blade to realize the discharge of carbon dioxide.

In addition, the driving motor, the wireless communication unit, the microcontroller and the like can be arranged in the shell, the shell can be fixed beside the breathing window on the breathing mask, a built-in power supply used for supplying power to the driving motor, the speed reducing device, the wireless communication module, the microcontroller and other devices can be arranged in the shell, the built-in power supply is a miniature battery, alternatively, various devices in the shell are connected with an external power supply through cables, and the external power supply is used for supplying power.

In a preferred embodiment, the breathing window may further include a protective cover covering the outside of the shutter body to protect the blades and the driving mechanism, and further, the protective cover may further cover the housing.

Fig. 3-5 illustrate partial schematic views of various operating states of the breathing window 530. The working states of the breathing window 530 include:

The first state is a fully open state, corresponding to a free breathing mode, and when the breathing window 530 is the first state, the blade and the plane of the shutter main body frame are at an angle of 90 degrees.

Further, when the night breathing management system for a child severe patient works, the system defaults that the controllable ventilation device is in a free breathing mode, in the free breathing mode, the louver blades on the breathing window of the controllable ventilation device form an angle of 90 degrees with the plane of the louver main body frame (i.e. the plane of the ventilation hole), as shown in fig. 3, 531 is the blade only showing the bottom surface, and at the moment, the blade is perpendicular to the louver frame, so that the breathing window is in a fully opened state, and the optimal ventilation effect is provided. At this time, the infant breathes air from the outside through the vent hole of the controllable ventilation device.

And a second state, wherein the second state is a half-open state, and corresponds to a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode, and when the respiration window 530 is in the second state, the blade and the plane of the shutter main body frame are at an angle of 45 degrees.

Further, when the central control device switches the breathing mode of the monitored person (infant) to the oxygen inhalation mode and transmits a corresponding control signal to the controllable ventilation device, the louver blades on the breathing window of the controllable ventilation device are inclined 45 ° relative to the main body frame, as shown in fig. 4, so that the breathing window is in a semi-open state. When the free breathing mode is switched to the oxygen inhalation mode, the oxygen inhalation mode system defaults to the low-flow oxygen inhalation mode, in the mode, an infant can exhale carbon dioxide to the outside through the shutter, and meanwhile, the semi-open state of the breathing window is convenient for controlling the oxygen concentration in the mask not to be too high due to the low-flow oxygen inhalation mode.

And a third state, wherein the third state is a closed state, and corresponds to a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode, and when the breathing window 530 is in the third state, the blades are coplanar with the shutter main body frame, as shown in fig. 5, so that the shutter main body frame covers the breathing window 530 and closes the ventilation hole 520 to form a closed structure.

Further, when the central control device sends a control signal for switching to a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode to the controllable ventilation device, the breathing window microcontroller on the controllable ventilation device controls the shutter blades to rotate on the same plane as the plane of the shutter main body frame, so that the breathing window is in a closed state. This closed state ensures that a high concentration of oxygen is maintained in the mask, while the exhalation flow may be caused to deform when the child exhales due to the blades of the shutter being made of a softer polymeric material, the exhalation flow being discharged from the gaps of the deformation of the blades to the outside. The structure skillfully realizes the respiratory management of the child patient in three respiratory modes by adopting very concise design so as to ensure the implementation of various respiratory intervention schemes.

Based on the respiratory mask shown in the above embodiment of the present invention, the central control device 400 is configured to:

Receiving real-time oxygen saturation data of a monitored person, which are acquired by the oxygen saturation monitoring device 100, and comparing the real-time oxygen saturation data with a preset first threshold value to obtain an oxygen saturation comparison result, wherein the oxygen saturation comparison result is used for switching the breathing mode of the monitored person;

receiving real-time respiratory rate data of a monitored person acquired by the respiratory rate monitoring device 200, comparing the real-time respiratory rate data with a second threshold value, if the real-time respiratory rate data is larger than the second threshold value, starting a timer built-in the control device to count the respiratory times in a timing period and convert the respiratory times into corrected respiratory rate values, and comparing the corrected respiratory rate values in the timing period with the second threshold value again to obtain corrected respiratory rate comparison results;

And receiving the breathing activity data from the breathing activity sensing device 300, and obtaining a breathing activity judgment result to judge whether the breathing activity is abnormal.

The central control device 400 switches the breathing mode of the monitored person to a high-flow breathing mode according to the preset oxygen inhalation flow switching condition by combining the received oxygen saturation comparison result, the corrected breathing frequency comparison result and the breathing mobility judgment result, and simultaneously sends a control signal to the controllable ventilation device 500 and a control valve or a flowmeter on an external oxygen source, the microcontroller on the controllable ventilation device 500 receives the control signal and then enables the breathing window 530 to be in a third state, and the external oxygen source supplies high-flow oxygen to the controllable ventilation device 500.

Further, the respiration rate sensing device 300 according to the embodiment of the present invention described above, i.e., the respiration rate sensing device 300 includes a plurality of respiration rate sensors for being placed in the chest, collarbone, and rib spaces of the subject.

The abnormal breathing activity is determined when at least one of the breathing activity at the supraclavicular fossa, the suprasternal fossa and the intercostal space is greater than a third threshold, preferably the breathing activity at the supraclavicular fossa, the suprasternal fossa and the intercostal space is greater than the third threshold.

The preset oxygen inhalation flow switching condition is that if the oxygen saturation is smaller than a first threshold, the corrected respiratory rate value is larger than a second threshold, and at least two of respiratory motion abnormality exist, the central control device 400 switches the respiratory mode of the monitored person to the high flow respiratory mode.

The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.

The control function and control method of the nocturnal breathing management system for child severe patients of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the above-described nocturnal breathing management system for child severe patients.

According to the night breathing management system for the child severe patients, the central control device can be further arranged to receive real-time oxygen saturation data of the monitored person, collected by the oxygen saturation monitoring device, compare the real-time oxygen saturation data with a preset first threshold value and switch the breathing mode of the monitored person. Specifically, when the real-time oxygen saturation data of the monitored person is smaller than the first threshold value, the breathing mode of the monitored person is switched from the free breathing mode to the oxygen inhalation mode. Preferably, the oxygen inhalation mode at this time defaults to a low flow oxygen inhalation mode.

In one embodiment, the control device receives the real-time respiratory rate data of the monitored person collected by the respiratory rate monitoring device and compares the real-time respiratory rate data with a second threshold value for activating the respiratory rate monitoring device when the real-time oxygen saturation data of the monitored person is greater than the first threshold value (i.e., the oxygen saturation of the monitored person is normal). Specifically, when the real-time respiratory rate data of the monitored person is greater than a second threshold value, the second threshold value can be set according to the age of the infant with the age of 2 months, the infant with the age of 2 months and the infant with the age of 12 months, the infant with the age of 2 months and the infant with the age of 1 year to 5 years, the infant with the age of 5 years and the infant with the age of 30 years and the infant with the age of more than the threshold value, and the respiratory rate data of the monitored person is judged to be shortness of breath, the control device sends a respiratory rate monitoring device to start a control signal to acquire the real-time respiratory rate data of the monitored person, and simultaneously starts a timer built in the control device to count time to record the respiratory rate in a timing period (preferably, the timing period is 1 minute) and convert the respiratory rate value in the timing period into a corrected respiratory rate value (namely, the respiratory rate per minute) and the respiratory rate value in the timing period is compared with the second threshold value again.

If there are at least two of the oxygen saturation level less than the first threshold, the corrected respiratory rate value greater than the second threshold, and the respiratory rate abnormality (i.e., the respiratory rate at least one of the supraclavicular fossa, the suprasternal fossa, and the intercostal space exceeds the third threshold), the central control device switches the low flow oxygen inhalation mode to the high flow oxygen inhalation mode and simultaneously sends a control signal to a control valve or flow meter on the controllable ventilation device and an external oxygen source, the microcontroller on the controllable ventilation device receiving the control signal causing the shutter blades to close the respiratory window to a closed state, the external oxygen source supplying the controllable ventilation device with high flow oxygen (e.g., an oxygen storage bag connected to an oxygen source interface on the controllable ventilation device automatically inflates).

In a specific embodiment, the first threshold is set at 95%, and in general, for infants suffering from severe pneumonia, oxygen saturation should be above 95%, and maintaining or approaching this level is critical to ensure vital organ function. When the oxygen saturation data is greater than or equal to 95%, this means that the oxygenation capacity of the infant is relatively good, and only a low flow of oxygen is required for support, and when the oxygen saturation data is less than 95%, this means that the infant is at risk of hypoxia, and that an increased supply of oxygen is required to improve oxygenation, and the value of the third threshold can be determined empirically or through multiple experiments, depending on the particular respiratory activity measuring instrument and method.

In addition, the night breathing management system for severe pneumonia of children of the invention can further comprise an alarm device, wherein the alarm device responds to a control signal from the central control device and sends an alarm signal to the alarm device according to a preset alarm triggering rule.

In one embodiment, the preset alarm triggering rules may include, but are not limited to, one or more of oxygen saturation being less than a first threshold, corrected respiratory rate value being greater than a second threshold and respiratory activity being abnormal, preferably, the alarm device may be implemented by a wristwatch or a smart phone worn on the wrist of the medical attendant, and when all three alarm triggering rules exist, the central control device sends an alarm signal to the wristwatch or the smart phone through the wireless communication module, and when the wristwatch or the smart phone receives the alarm signal, the medical personnel is reminded through touch sense or sound, and higher respiratory support measures are sought.

The alarm device may be a visual alarm including, but not limited to, a device for alerting a user through a visual signal, e.g., an illumination device such as a bulb, alerting a user through a flashing light, a display screen for displaying alarm information. In another embodiment, the alarm device may also be an audible alarm, for example, a buzzer or siren that audibly alerts the user. In yet another embodiment, the alert device may also be a tactile alert that alerts the user by tactile sensation (e.g., vibration). Accordingly, in some embodiments, the alert signal may be a visual alert signal, an audible alert signal, or a tactile alert signal.

In the monitoring link, the system of the invention provides an oxygen saturation monitoring device, a respiratory rate monitoring device and a respiratory motion sensing device at the same time, and comprehensively reflects the respiratory condition and the work condition of the infant. In addition, the breathing frequency is measured at regular time through the timer to correct the breathing frequency value so as to avoid error display and false alarm of the monitor, thereby being more beneficial to realizing night automatic breathing management and reducing ineffective intervention of operators on duty.

In the analysis link, the invention judges the monitoring data based on a preset threshold, for example, when the oxygen saturation data is larger than or equal to a first threshold (such as 95%), the current respiratory state of the patient is considered to be good, oxygen can be supplied at a lower flow (such as smaller than 5L/min), and when the oxygen saturation data is lower than the first threshold, the oxygen supply flow (such as larger than or equal to 5L/min) is improved. In addition, the data of the breathing frequency and the breathing movement can be combined, so that the most reasonable oxygen supply scheme can be provided under different breathing states.

Finally, in the regulation and control link, the central control device is used as the brain of the whole system, a control signal is sent to the controllable ventilation device according to the comprehensive monitoring data and the analysis result, and the controllable ventilation device automatically switches the breathing mode of the patient according to the received signal, such as switching from the free breathing mode to the low-flow or high-flow oxygen inhalation mode. Particularly, the invention also provides a breathing mask with a shutter structure, and the rotating angle of the blades and the careful selection of the materials of the blades are controlled by the microcontroller, so that the automatic switching of three breathing modes is realized by skillfully adopting a simple design.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above-mentioned embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A child severe patient nocturnal breathing management system, comprising:

A controllable ventilation device for supporting respiration of the subject;

the central control device is used for sending a breathing mode control signal to the controllable ventilation device according to the oxygen saturation data obtained by the oxygen saturation monitoring device, the breathing frequency data obtained by the breathing frequency monitoring device and the breathing mobility data obtained by the breathing mobility sensing device so as to control the controllable ventilation device to support the breathing of the monitored person according to the breathing mode;

The controllable ventilation device comprises a breathing mask, wherein the breathing mask comprises a mask body, and the mask body is provided with an oxygen source interface externally connected with an oxygen source, a ventilation hole and a breathing window used for covering the ventilation hole;

The breathing window is provided with a shutter structure, and the shutter structure comprises a shutter main body frame, a driving mechanism, a microcontroller, a central control device, a control device and a control device, wherein the shutter main body frame is matched with the vent holes, and a plurality of blades which are arranged in parallel are arranged on the shutter main body frame;

the breathing window responds to a breathing mode control signal of the central control device, and the breathing window synchronously acts according to the breathing mode indicated in the breathing mode control signal to adjust working states, wherein the working states comprise:

The first state corresponds to a free breathing mode, and when the breathing window is in the first state, the blades and the plane where the shutter main body frame is located form an angle of 90 degrees; the louver comprises a louver main body frame, a louver blade, a blade and a third state, wherein the louver blade is arranged on the louver main body frame, the second state corresponds to a low-flow oxygen inhalation mode, when the louver blade is in the second state, the blade and the louver blade are in a 45-degree angle with the plane where the louver main body frame is located, and the third state corresponds to a high-flow oxygen inhalation mode, when the louver blade is in the third state, the blade and the louver blade are coplanar, so that the louver blade is covered by the louver main body frame, and ventilation holes are closed.

2. The nocturnal breathing management system of child-resistant patient of claim 1, wherein the breathing modes comprise a free breathing mode and an oxygen inhalation mode, and wherein the oxygen inhalation mode comprises a low flow oxygen inhalation mode and a high flow oxygen inhalation mode.

3. The nocturnal breathing management system of child-critical patient of claim 1, wherein the central control device is configured to:

4. A child severe patient night breathing management system according to claim 3, wherein the central control device switches the breathing mode of the monitored person to a high flow breathing mode according to a preset oxygen inhalation flow switching condition by combining the received oxygen saturation comparison result, the corrected breathing frequency comparison result and the breathing activity judgment result, and sends a control signal to a control valve or a flowmeter on the controllable ventilation device and an external oxygen source at the same time, the microcontroller on the controllable ventilation device receives the control signal and then makes the breathing window in a third state, and the external oxygen source supplies high flow oxygen to the controllable ventilation device.

5. A nocturnal breathing management system for child patients according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the breathing activity sensing device is provided as a plurality of breathing activity sensors placed at the chest, collarbone and intercostal spaces of the monitored person.

6. The nocturnal breathing management system of child-resistant patient of claim 5, wherein breathing activity is determined to be abnormal when at least one of the breathing activity at the supraclavicular fossa, the suprasternal fossa and the intercostal space is greater than a third threshold.

7. The nocturnal breathing management system of child-severe patient of claim 4, wherein the preset oxygen inhalation flow rate switching condition is that the central control device switches the monitored person's breathing pattern to a high flow breathing pattern if there are at least two of oxygen saturation less than a first threshold, corrected breathing rate value greater than a second threshold, and abnormal breathing activity.