CN119231894A - A controller and a control method - Google Patents
A controller and a control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN119231894A CN119231894A CN202310806960.6A CN202310806960A CN119231894A CN 119231894 A CN119231894 A CN 119231894A CN 202310806960 A CN202310806960 A CN 202310806960A CN 119231894 A CN119231894 A CN 119231894A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K7/00—Modulating pulses with a continuously-variable modulating signal
- H03K7/08—Duration or width modulation ; Duty cycle modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
- H03K17/6871—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0202—Switches
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
本申请实施例提供了一种控制器及控制方法，该控制方法适用于控制器的控制，所述控制器包括N个可控开关管，N个所述可控开关管的第一端相互电连接，所述可控开关管的第二端能够与负载电连接，N为正整数且N≥2；所述控制方法包括以下步骤：获取负载的目标需求参数；获取所述控制器的实际运行参数；至少根据所述目标需求参数和实际运行参数计算所述可控开关管的占空比，并采用分时驱动的方式控制所述可控开关管的工作状态。该控制方法使用分时驱动的方式控制可控开关管的工作状态，进而调制控制器的输出参数。
The embodiment of the present application provides a controller and a control method, which is applicable to the control of the controller, wherein the controller includes N controllable switch tubes, the first ends of the N controllable switch tubes are electrically connected to each other, and the second ends of the controllable switch tubes can be electrically connected to the load, N is a positive integer and N≥2; the control method includes the following steps: obtaining the target demand parameter of the load; obtaining the actual operating parameters of the controller; calculating the duty cycle of the controllable switch tube at least according to the target demand parameter and the actual operating parameter, and controlling the working state of the controllable switch tube in a time-sharing driving manner. The control method uses a time-sharing driving manner to control the working state of the controllable switch tube, thereby modulating the output parameters of the controller.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric control, in particular to a controller with a plurality of controllable switching tubes and a control method.
Background
In the field of electric control, in order to meet the demands of users, controllable switching tubes are often used to realize the control of output parameters of a controller, and the output parameters, such as output power, output current, output voltage, etc., are adjusted by adjusting the working state of the controllable switching tubes. In order to increase the adjustable range of the output parameters, a plurality of controllable switch tubes are also arranged, for example, the control circuits of the electric heater, the electroplating and the electrophoretic painting can be provided with the plurality of controllable switch tubes, and the output parameters of the controller are adjusted by controlling the controllable switch tubes. How to control the multi-path controllable switch tube is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a controller and a control method thereof, wherein the controller comprises a plurality of controllable switching tubes, and the control method controls the working states of the plurality of controllable switching tubes in a sampling time-sharing driving mode.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The control method is suitable for control of a controller, the controller comprises N controllable switch tubes, first ends of the N controllable switch tubes are mutually and electrically connected, second ends of the controllable switch tubes can be electrically connected with a load, N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 2, the control method comprises the following steps of obtaining target demand parameters of the load, obtaining actual operation parameters of the controller, calculating duty ratio of the controllable switch tubes at least according to the target demand parameters and the actual operation parameters, and controlling working states of the controllable switch tubes in a time-sharing driving mode.
The control method provided by the embodiment of the application is suitable for the controller with a plurality of controllable switching tubes, and the plurality of controllable switching tubes are controlled in a time-sharing driving mode so as to realize the control of the output parameters of the controller.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the application also provides a controller, which comprises N controllable switch tubes, wherein the first ends of the N controllable switch tubes are electrically connected with each other, the second end of the controllable switch tube can be electrically connected with a load, N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 2, the controller further comprises a control unit, the control unit is electrically connected with the control ends of the N controllable switch tubes, and is at least used for acquiring target demand parameters of the load, acquiring actual operation parameters of the controller, calculating the duty ratio of the controllable switch tubes according to at least the target demand parameters and the actual operation parameters, and controlling the working state of the controllable switch tubes in a time-sharing driving mode.
The controller provided by the embodiment of the application is provided with a plurality of controllable switching tubes and a control unit, and the control unit controls the plurality of controllable switching tubes in a time-sharing driving mode so as to realize the control of the output parameters of the controller.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a controller circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a controller circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a controller circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a controller circuit according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a controller circuit according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a waveform schematic diagram of a controller using the control method of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a method for judging a short-circuit fault according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a controller circuit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a controller circuit according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a fault determination waveform diagram of the controller shown in FIG. 10;
fig. 12 is a waveform diagram of failure determination of the controller shown in fig. 4.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
As shown in fig. 1-4, in the fields of vehicle-mounted electric heating, electroplating, electrophoretic painting and the like, a controller is provided with a plurality of load branches, the input power supply is connected to the load branches after the load branches are connected in parallel, the load branches comprise controllable switching tubes and loads, that is, the controller comprises N controllable switching tubes, such as K21, K22 and the number of the controllable switching tubes is shown as K2N, wherein N is a positive integer, first ends of the N controllable switching tubes are electrically connected with each other, second ends of the N controllable switching tubes can be electrically connected with the loads, and the power/current of the loads can be controlled through control of the controllable switching tubes. The circuit schematic diagram of the controller shown in fig. 1 is not provided with a protection switch tube, but further in order to improve the safety, in fig. 2-4, the controller is also provided with a protection switch tube, as shown by K11/K12, the protection switch tube is also a controllable switch tube, the protection switch tube and the controllable switch tube can be TGBT, MOS tube, triode, controllable silicon and the like, when the controllable switch tube of the load branch circuit fails, the protection can be realized by controlling the protection switch tube, for example, if the controllable switch tube fails in a short circuit, the protection switch tube is controlled to be disconnected, the load branch circuit does not work any more, the protection switch tube does not participate in the regulation of output parameters, and is in a normally closed state in the control process of normal work. The controller circuit schematic diagrams shown in fig. 2-4 are applicable to controllers for vehicle-mounted electric heating, the input power source can be a high-voltage power source Vdc, the load branch is also called a heating branch, the heating branch comprises at least one controllable switch tube K2N and one heating element HN which are connected in series, the number of the heating branches can be N, and the controllers shown in fig. 2-4 only take 2 heating branches as examples.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, each heating branch further comprises at least one protection switch tube K1N, wherein the protection switch tubes are connected in series in the heating branch, and each heating branch is connected in parallel and then is electrically connected with an input power supply. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3/4, the controller further includes at least one protection switch tube K1, at least two heating branches of the N heating branches are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the protection switch tube, the protection switch tube K1 and the heating branch which are connected in series are electrically connected with the input power supply, while the heating branches of other branches can be directly connected with the input power supply as shown in fig. 5 or can be electrically connected with the input power supply through other protection switch tubes as shown in fig. 2, of course, the N heating branches are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the protection switch tube K1, and the protection switch tube K1 and the heating branch which are connected in series are electrically connected with the input power supply.
In order to realize the control of the multiple controllable switching tubes in the controller, the embodiment of the application provides a control method, as shown in fig. 6, which comprises the following steps:
S11, acquiring a target demand parameter Ps of a load, such as target demand power or target demand current;
s12, acquiring an actual operation parameter Pr of the controller, such as actual operation power or actual operation current;
And S13, time-sharing control of the controllable switching tube, namely calculating the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube K21/K22 and K2N at least according to the target demand parameter Ps and the actual operation parameter Pr, and controlling the working state of the controllable switching tube in a time-sharing driving mode, wherein the driving signal of the controllable switching tube is a PWM signal. The common control of the controllable switch tube of the multipath load branch circuit is as follows:
1. The multipath load branches adopt synchronous PWM modulation, so that the inrush current is large, is the sum of the currents of the multipath load branches, and is not friendly to the devices of the controller.
2. And when the power cannot be met, keeping the PWM driving signals of the branches to be the maximum duty ratio, and then starting the PWM modulation of other branches. Therefore, the load loss of the branch circuit which is firstly opened is large, and the temperature drift or damage is easy to occur in the long-term past.
The application adopts a time-sharing driving mode to ensure that the controllable switch tube is not turned on at the same time as much as possible, as shown in fig. 6, thereby being beneficial to reducing the inrush current.
In one embodiment, the controller is an electric heating controller, the load is a heating element, the target demand parameter Ps is target demand power, the actual operation parameter Pr is actual operation power, the electric heating controller comprises N paths of heating branches, the heating branches comprise at least one controllable switch tube and at least one heating element, the controllable switch tube and the heating element are connected in series, the controllable switch tube adopts PWM modulation control, the branch demand power Psn of each path of heating branch divides the total target demand power equally, namely, the branch demand power Psn of each path is 1/N of the target demand power Ps, and the PWM modulation time of each controllable switch tube is sequentially delayed by T/N (T is a modulation period), namely, the PWM modulation time of each controllable switch tube is delayed by 360 degrees/N.
Specifically, referring to fig. 7, an electric heater having two heating branches and having a DC-electrical connection between the protection switch K1 and the low voltage end of the input power Vdc of fig. 4 is taken as an example, in this embodiment, n=2, a PWM control signal for driving the controllable switch K21 is denoted by HPWM, a PWM control signal for driving the controllable switch K22 is denoted by HPWM, and a PWM control signal for driving the protection switch K1 is denoted by LDriver. In this embodiment, T/n=t/2, HPWM and LHPWM of the controllable switching transistors K21 and K22 are turned on with the same duty cycle, and LHPWM and LHPWM modulate the time delay T/2, i.e., 180 °. When the electric heater works normally, the protection switch tube K11 is closed, namely LDriver controls the protection switch tube K11 to be closed, in fig. 7, the PWM signal is high level to drive the corresponding controllable switch tube/protection switch tube to be closed, and low level to drive the corresponding controllable switch tube/protection switch tube to be opened.
Further, in one embodiment, the branch operating power of each heating branch is calculated at least according to the branch current, the resistance value of the heating element and the duty cycle of the controllable switching tube of the heating branch. Assuming that the resistance of the heating element is R, the input voltage vdc=u of the controller is connected, and because the resistance of the heating element is far greater than that of other devices of the heating branch, the resistance of other devices of the branch is ignored, the branch current i=u/R of each heating branch, the branch operation power prn=i×r=u 2/ r×d of each heating branch is the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube, and in each heating branch, the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube is calculated at least according to the target requirement parameter and the actual operation parameter, and the method comprises the step of performing PI operation on the branch requirement power Psn and the branch operation power Prn to obtain the duty ratio D of the controllable switching tube of the branch. The duty cycle of the other branch controllable switch tubes can be equal with the duty cycle of the branch, but the starting time is sequentially delayed by 180 degrees.
Referring to fig. 7, when the target demand parameter Ps is smaller, the duty ratio of HPWM and LHPWM is below 50%, the two paths of branch currents do not overlap in the time-sharing control manner, the inrush current of the controller is the maximum current of the single heating branch, and at some time, the inrush current of the controller is 0. When the target demand parameter Ps is larger, the duty cycle of HPWM and LHPWM is larger than 50%, the inrush current of the controller is only the current of a single heating branch at some times, and the inrush current is the sum of two heating circuits at other times. Therefore, by adopting a time-sharing control mode, the inrush current at certain moments can be at least reduced, the branch current of each path is uniform, and the heating device is uniformly heated, so that the service life and the stability of the controller are improved. Of course, a split-resistance sampling manner may be used, that is, as shown in fig. 3, each heating branch is provided with a sampling resistor Rsn.
In addition, in one embodiment, current collection triggering is performed at the middle point of a high-level signal of a PWM control signal of the controllable switch tube of the heating branch, and after the current collection triggering, a current sampling signal of the heating branch is obtained. Taking fig. 7 as an example, the current sampling point is at the middle point of the high level of the PWM control signal, and the middle points of the PWM control signals in each path do not coincide, so as shown in fig. 4, the branch current I in each path can be obtained by sampling by setting a total sampling resistor Rs, and the total sampling resistor Rs and the parallel heating branch are connected in series between the input voltages.
Further, considering the current sampling time Ts, the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube has configuration requirements, in order to meet the requirement that the branch current of each path can be obtained through sampling through the total sampling resistor, the minimum value Dmin of the duty ratio is set to be more than Ts/T, the maximum value Dmax < (100% -Ts/T) of the duty ratio is set, and T is the modulation period. In one embodiment, the duty cycle of the PWM control signal of the controllable switching transistor is 1% or more and 99% or less.
The embodiment of the application also provides a controller, as shown in fig. 1, which comprises N controllable switch tubes K21/K22, wherein the first ends of the N controllable switch tubes are mutually and electrically connected, the second ends of the N controllable switch tubes can be electrically connected with a load, N is a positive integer, and N is more than or equal to 2, and the controller also comprises a control unit 20, wherein the control unit 20 is electrically connected with the control ends of the N controllable switch tubes, and referring to the embodiment of the control method, the control unit 20 is at least used for:
acquiring a target demand parameter of a load L1;
acquiring actual operation parameters of a controller;
And calculating the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube at least according to the target demand parameter and the actual operation parameter, and controlling the working state of the controllable switching tube in a time-sharing driving mode.
The master topology of the controller may also be as shown in fig. 2, the controller being an electrical heating controller, the load comprising heating elements H1/h.sub.i. HN, the electrical heating controller comprising N-way heating branches; the heating branch circuit comprises at least one controllable switch tube and at least one heating element, wherein the controllable switch tube is connected with the heating element in series, the controller further comprises N protection switch tubes K11/K12.
The main topology of the controller can also be shown as fig. 3/4, the controller is an electric heating controller, the electric heating controller comprises N paths of heating branches, the heating branches comprise at least one controllable switch tube and at least one heating element, the controllable switch tube is connected with the heating element in series, the controller further comprises at least one protection switch tube K1, the N paths of heating branches are connected in parallel and then connected with the protection switch tube K1 in series, and the protection switch tube and the heating branches which are connected in series can be electrically connected with an input power supply.
In one embodiment, the target demand parameter is target demand power, the actual operation parameter is actual operation power, the controller further comprises a sampling unit, as shown by Rs1/Rs2 in fig. 3 and Rs in fig. 4, the sampling unit is electrically connected with the load (may be directly electrically connected or indirectly electrically connected through a controllable switch tube/a protection switch tube), the sampling unit is electrically connected with the control unit 20, the control unit 20 is further configured to output a PWM control signal to realize control of the controllable switch tube, the control unit 20 samples the current of the load at the middle point of a high level signal of the PWM control signal through the sampling unit, and calculates the actual operation power according to the sampling current, the branch demand power of each heating branch is 1/N of the target demand power, the PWM modulation time of each controllable switch tube is sequentially delayed by T/N, where T is a modulation period, and the duty ratio of the controllable switch tube is calculated at least according to the target demand parameter and the actual operation parameter.
In one embodiment, the sampling unit comprises a total sampling resistor connected in series with the parallel heating branch between the input power sources. Assuming that the current sampling time is Ts, in order to ensure that the current of each load branch can be sampled, the minimum value of the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube is set to be larger than Ts/T, and the maximum value is set to be smaller than (100% -Ts/T). For example, the duty ratio of the PWM control signal of the controllable switching transistor may be set to 1% or more and 99% or less.
In the controller with multiple load branches and using the controllable switch tube to output the parameters of the controller as shown in fig. 2-5, if the controllable switch tube fails to cause the controller to fail, in order to improve the reliability of the controller, the embodiment of the application further provides a failure judgment method, which can perform failure judgment on the controller, as shown in fig. 9, where the controller includes N load branches, each load branch includes at least one controllable switch tube (K21/K22./ K2N) and a load (H1/H2./ HN), the controllable switch tube and the load are connected in series, the N load branches are connected in parallel, and then connected to an input power source, and the controllable switch tube can be controlled by the time-sharing control mode to realize the control of the output parameters. As shown in fig. 8, the failure determination method includes the following short circuit determination steps:
And S21, controlling a part of controllable switching tubes to be closed, controlling the rest of controllable switching tubes to be opened, namely, controlling the controllable switching tubes of the M paths of load branches to be closed and controlling the rest of controllable switching tubes of the N-M paths of load branches to be opened, namely, expecting to enable the M paths of load branches to work and the load branches to flow current, and enabling the rest of the N-M paths of load branches to work and the load branches to have no current.
Step S22, obtaining a sampling signal, wherein the sampling signal represents the total current of all load branches, and is equivalent to obtaining a sampling signal representing the total current flowing through N load branches;
Step S23, judging the magnitude of a sampling signal and a first preset value, wherein the first preset value is determined according to the sum of the M paths of load direct currents when no fault occurs;
And step S24, judging that at least one of the controllable switching tubes which are controlled to be disconnected has a short circuit fault if the sampling signal is larger than or equal to a first preset value, wherein M, N is a positive integer, N is more than or equal to 2, and M is more than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to M.
Taking the controller as an example of the vehicle-mounted electric heater, assuming that the input voltage of the vehicle-mounted electric heater is Vdc, the heating element is a resistor, the resistance value of the heating element is R, the current of each load branch is Vdc/R, and the sampling signal corresponds to the total current of M load branches. If the sampling signal becomes larger, the current of the sampling signal is larger than the total current of M paths of load branches, and the probability is high, so that at least one path of load branches of the rest (N-M paths) is also connected to the input voltage, and further, the short circuit fault of the controllable switching tube of at least one path of load branches can be indicated.
In one embodiment, the application further provides a fault judging method for judging whether an open circuit fault exists in the controllable switch tube, which comprises the following open circuit judging steps:
judging the magnitude of a sampling signal and a second preset value, wherein the sampling signal represents the total current of all load branches, and the second preset value is determined according to the sum of M paths of load direct current of which the controllable switch tube is controlled to be closed when no fault occurs;
If the sampling signal is smaller than or equal to a second preset value, judging that at least one controllable switch tube or load in the load branch where the controllable switch tube which is controlled to be closed is located has an open-circuit fault.
Further, the heating element Is a PTC resistor, the standard resistance value of the heating element Is assumed to be R, but the resistance value of the heating element Is subjected to temperature drift along with the change of the working temperature, the higher the temperature Is, the larger the resistance value Is, and the standard current is=vdc/R of each load branch circuit Is reduced along with the rise of the temperature. Therefore, the coefficients Ks and Ko are set, the first preset value iref1=ks×is×m, the second preset value iref2=ko×is×m, where Is the standard current of each load branch, ks Is determined by the load resistance, the higher the temperature, the larger the load resistance, the smaller the Ks, ko Is determined by the load resistance, the larger the load resistance, the smaller the Ko, and the Ko and Ks may have the same value, and their specific values may be determined according to the circuit design and the load characteristics, which Is not limited in the present application.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, taking two paths of loads as an example, i.e., n=2 and m=1, assuming that the heating element Is a resistive heating element, such as a heating film, etc., the resistance of the heating element may deviate due to production process/production lot, etc., and in addition, the resistance may deviate with the use of the heating element, considering that the allowed deviation Is smaller than V, a first preset value iref1=is=ks 1 and a second preset value iref2=is×ko1 may be set, where Is the standard current ks1=2/(1+V), ko1=1/(1+V), the allowable deviation percentage of the load resistance Is smaller than V, is=vdc/R, and R Is the standard resistance of the heating element, and the allowable deviation percentage of the resistance of the heating element from the standard resistance R Is smaller than V. When V is larger, ks1 is smaller, ko1 is larger, and the coefficient is calculated according to the actual resistance change relation and is matched with the coefficient.
Further, taking the maximum allowable deviation percentage as an example, that Is, before the resistance of the heating element changes to R (1+33%), a fault can be identified, where ks1=2/(1+V) ≡1.5, ko1=1/(1+V) ≡0.75 Is set, where the current Ich of each load branch has a relation with the characteristic current Is and the percentage V, is/(1+V) ++ich (Ic 1/Ich 2) ++is less than Is, and considering that the worst deviation (infinitely close to 33%) occurs in both paths, even if one load branch Is controlled to be on and the other path Is controlled to be off, but because the controllable switch tube short-circuit fault Is also on the input voltage, the total current Is greater than 1.5 Is set as a short-circuit judging condition, so that the reliability of the fault judgment can be ensured, and the normal operation of the controller cannot be affected. Considering that the resistance deviation Is smaller than V, the current Ich of each load branch Is greater than or equal to Is/(1+V), so that the open judgment of the load branch can be performed by setting ko1=0.75, that Is, the 1-path controllable switching tube Is open, and when the resistance deviation Is v=33%, the judgment coefficient ko=0.75 of the open can be obtained. As shown in the control waveforms of fig. 11, if the control protection switching tube K1 is turned on during open/short circuit fault detection, the control switch tube K21 of the control load branch of the a path is turned on, the control switch tube K22 of the control load branch of the B path is turned off, in order to ensure that the protection switching tube K1 as the upper tube can be normally driven, after the short circuit fault judgment, the control protection switching tube K1 should be turned off, and the turn-off time of the protection switching tube is less than the minimum turn-off time of the control switching tube, so as to generate the bootstrap voltage of K11. In contrast, as shown in fig. 12, if the protection switching tube is a down tube, it is not necessary to control the protection switching tube to be turned off after the short-circuit fault is determined.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, if the controller further includes N protection switching tubes, and the N protection switching tubes are respectively connected in series to N load branches, the load branches can be electrically connected with an input power source (such as dc+/DC-), and the short circuit judging step and the open circuit judging step further include controlling the protection switching tubes to be closed, specifically controlling the N protection switching tubes to be closed, so as to enable the fault of the controllable switching tube to be detected. In this embodiment, in order to detect faults of the protection switching tubes, the fault judging method may further include a protection switching tube fault detecting step of controlling N protection switching tubes to be all turned off, judging whether a sampling signal is greater than a third preset value, if the sampling signal is greater than or equal to the third preset value, judging that at least one protection switching tube has a short-circuit fault, wherein the sampling signal represents total current of all load branches, the third preset value is 0 or a value slightly greater than 0, theoretically turning off all protection switching tubes, and the total current of the load branches is 0, but if the total current is greater than 0, indicating that at least one protection switching tube has a fault.
Similarly, as shown in fig. 3/4/10, the controller includes 1 protection switch tube K1, the protection switch tube is connected in series with the load branches (such as load branches a and B in fig. 10) after being connected in parallel, the protection switch tube and the load branches can be electrically connected with the input power supply after being connected in series, the short circuit judging step and the open circuit judging step further include a protection switch tube fault detecting step of controlling the protection switch tube to be disconnected, judging whether the sampling signal is greater than a third preset value, if the sampling signal is greater than or equal to the third preset value, judging that at least the controllable switch tube has a short circuit fault, wherein the third preset value is greater than or equal to 0, and optionally, the third preset value is 0 or a value slightly greater than 0, and the protection switch tube can be used as an upper tube or a lower tube.
Based on the fault judging method, the application also provides a controller with a fault judging function, the technical effects and the implementation principle of the controller can be mutually referred, as shown in fig. 9, the controller at least comprises N paths of load branches, each path of load branch at least comprises a controllable switch tube and a load, after the controllable switch tube and the load of each path of load branch are connected in series, the N paths of load branches are connected in parallel again, the controller also comprises a sampling unit 30 and a control unit 20, one input end of the control unit 20 is electrically connected with the sampling unit 30, the output end of the control unit 20 is electrically connected with the control end of the controllable switch tube, and in particular, different output ends are electrically connected with different controllable switch tubes, and the control unit is preset with a first preset value;
the sampling unit 30 is capable of sampling the total current of the N load branches and outputting a sampling signal representing the total current to the control unit;
the control unit is at least used for executing the following short-circuit fault judging steps:
Controlling the controllable switching tubes of the M paths of load branches to be closed, and controlling the controllable switching tubes of the (N-M) paths of load branches to be opened;
Acquiring a sampling signal;
judging the magnitudes of the sampling signal and the first preset value;
If the sampling signal is greater than or equal to the first preset value, judging that at least one of the controllable switching tubes which are controlled to be disconnected has a short circuit fault;
wherein M, N are positive integers, and N is more than or equal to 2, 1M is less than or equal to N.
In another embodiment, the control unit is further preset with a second preset value, and the controller is further configured to perform the following open circuit fault determining step:
Judging the magnitudes of the sampling signal and a second preset value;
And if the sampling signal is smaller than or equal to the second preset value, judging that at least one controllable switching tube or load in a load branch where the controllable switching tube which is controlled to be closed is located has an open circuit fault.
Further, the controller further includes N protection switching tubes, the main topology of which is shown in fig. 2, where the N protection switching tubes are respectively connected in series in N load branches, and the output end of the control unit is further electrically connected to the control ends of the protection switching tubes, where if the control logic of the protection switching tubes is the same, one output end may be electrically connected to the control ends of the N protection switching tubes;
the short circuit fault judging step and the open circuit fault judging step further comprise the step of controlling the protection switching tube to be closed;
The control unit 20 may further be configured to perform the following protection switching tube fault determination steps:
And controlling the N protection switching tubes to be disconnected, judging whether the sampling signal is larger than a third preset value, and judging that at least one controllable switching tube has a short circuit fault if the sampling signal is larger than or equal to the third preset value, wherein the third preset value is larger than or equal to 0, and can be a value slightly larger than 0, such as 0.2.
As shown in fig. 10, in another embodiment, the controller includes 1 protection switch tube K1, where the protection switch tube K1 is connected in series with the load branch after being connected in parallel, and the protection switch tube and the load branch after being connected in series can be electrically connected to the input power source, and the output end of the control unit 20 is further electrically connected to the control end of the protection switch tube;
the short circuit fault judging step and the open circuit fault judging step further comprise the steps of controlling the protection switching tube to be closed;
The control unit 20 is further configured to perform the following protection switching tube fault determining step:
And controlling the protective switching tube to be disconnected, judging whether the sampling signal is larger than a third preset value, and judging that at least the controllable switching tube K has short circuit fault if the sampling signal is larger than or equal to the third preset value, wherein the third preset value is larger than or equal to 0.
In order to achieve a comparison of the sampling signal with the first/second/third preset values, the control unit may also be provided with a comparison circuit.
Referring to the main topology shown in the topology of fig. 4, the protection switch tube is a lower tube, that is, the first end of the protection switch tube K1 is electrically connected with one end of the load branch, the other end of the load branch can be electrically connected with the positive end dc+ of the input power supply, the second end of the protection switch tube is electrically connected with one end of the sampling unit, and the other end of the sampling unit can be electrically connected with the negative end DC-of the input power supply.
Or referring to fig. 10, the protection switch tube is an upper tube, that is, the first end of the protection switch tube K1 can be electrically connected with the positive end dc+ of the input power supply, the second end of the protection switch tube K1 is electrically connected with one end of the load branch, the other end of the load branch is electrically connected with one end of the sampling unit 30, the other end of the sampling unit 30 can be electrically connected with the negative end DC-of the input power supply, and the control unit 20 is further configured to control the protection switch tube K1 to be turned off after the short-circuit fault is determined, where the turn-off time of the protection switch tube K1 is less than the minimum turn-off time of the controllable switch tube K2N.
In one embodiment, the first preset value iref1=ks×is, and the second preset value iref2=ko×is×m, where Is a standard current of each load branch, ks Is determined by the load resistance, the greater the load resistance, the smaller the Ks, and Ko Is determined by the load resistance, and the greater the load resistance, the smaller the Ko.
In another embodiment, n=2, m=1, the first preset value iref1=is×ks1, and the second preset value iref2=is×ko1, where Is standard current ks1=2/(1+V), ko1=1/(1+V) of each load branch, the allowable deviation percentage of the load resistance Is smaller than V, the controllable switching tube Is controlled by PWM modulation, and the control unit 20 performs total current sampling at the middle point of the high level signal of the PWM control signal of the controllable switching tube through the sampling unit 30.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or substituted by equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and modifications thereof are intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The control method is suitable for control of a controller and is characterized in that the controller comprises N controllable switch tubes, the first ends of the N controllable switch tubes are mutually and electrically connected, the second ends of the controllable switch tubes can be electrically connected with a load, N is a positive integer, and N is more than or equal to 2, and the control method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a target demand parameter of a load;
acquiring actual operation parameters of the controller;
and calculating the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube at least according to the target demand parameter and the actual operation parameter, and controlling the working state of the controllable switching tube in a time-sharing driving mode.
2. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the controller is an electric heating controller, the load is a heating element, the target demand parameter is target demand power, the actual operation parameter is actual operation power, the electric heating controller comprises N paths of heating branches, the heating branches comprise at least one controllable switch tube and at least one heating element, the controllable switch tube and the heating element are connected in series, the controllable switch tube is controlled by PWM modulation, the branch demand power of each path of heating branch is 1/N of the target demand power, and PWM modulation time of each path of controllable switch tube is sequentially delayed by T/N, wherein T is a modulation period.
3. The control method according to claim 2, wherein the branch operation power of each heating branch is calculated at least according to the branch current, the resistance value of the heating element and the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube of the heating branch, and the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube is calculated at least according to the target demand parameter and the actual operation parameter, and the method comprises the step of performing PI operation on the branch demand power and the branch operation power to obtain the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube.
4. A control method according to claim 3, characterized in that the acquisition of the branch current comprises the steps of:
Triggering current collection at the middle point of a high-level signal of a PWM control signal of a controllable switch tube of the heating branch; and after the current acquisition is triggered, acquiring a current sampling signal of the heating branch.
5. The control method according to claim 4, wherein the branch current is acquired through sampling by a total sampling resistor, the current sampling time is Ts, and the minimum value of the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube is greater than Ts/T and the maximum value is less than (100% -Ts/T).
6. The controller is characterized by comprising N controllable switch tubes, wherein the first ends of the N controllable switch tubes are electrically connected with each other, the second ends of the controllable switch tubes can be electrically connected with a load, N is a positive integer and is more than or equal to 2, the controller further comprises a control unit, the control unit is electrically connected with the control ends of the N controllable switch tubes, and the control unit is at least used for:
acquiring a target demand parameter of a load;
acquiring actual operation parameters of the controller;
And calculating the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube at least according to the target demand parameter and the actual operation parameter, and controlling the working state of the controllable switching tube in a time-sharing driving mode.
7. The controller of claim 6, wherein the controller is an electrical heating controller, the load is a heating element, the electrical heating controller comprises an N-way heating branch, the heating branch comprises at least one controllable switching tube and at least one heating element, and the controllable switching tube and the heating element are connected in series;
The controller also comprises N protection switch tubes, the N protection switch tubes are respectively connected in series in N paths of heating branches, and the N paths of heating branches can be electrically connected with an input power supply.
8. The controller of claim 6, wherein the controller is an electrical heating controller comprising an N-way heating branch, the heating branch comprising at least one controllable switching tube and at least one heating element, the controllable switching tube and the heating element being in series;
The controller also comprises at least one protection switch tube, at least 2 paths of the heating branches are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the protection switch tube, and the protection switch tube and the heating branches which are connected in series can be electrically connected with an input power supply.
9. The controller according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the target demand parameter is a target demand power, the actual operation parameter is an actual operation power, the controller further comprises a sampling unit, the sampling unit is electrically connected with the load, the sampling unit is electrically connected with the control unit, the control unit is further used for outputting a PWM control signal to control the controllable switching tube, the control unit performs current sampling of the load at a middle point of a high level signal of the PWM control signal through the sampling unit, and calculates the actual operation power according to the sampling current, the branch demand power of each heating branch is 1/N of the target demand power, the PWM modulation time of each controllable switching tube is sequentially delayed by T/N, wherein T is a modulation period, and the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube is calculated at least according to the target demand parameter and the actual operation parameter, and the method comprises the steps of performing PI operation on the branch demand power and the branch operation power to obtain the duty ratio of the controllable switching tube.
10. The controller of claim 9, wherein the sampling unit comprises a total sampling resistor connected in series with the heating branch in parallel between input power sources, a current sampling time of Ts, and a minimum value of the controllable switching tube duty cycle of greater than Ts/T and a maximum value of less than (100% -Ts/T).
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| CN202310806960.6A CN119231894A (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | A controller and a control method |
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| CN202310806960.6A CN119231894A (en) | 2023-06-30 | 2023-06-30 | A controller and a control method |
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