CN119195720A - In-situ gas fracturing method in reservoir - Google Patents
In-situ gas fracturing method in reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN119195720A CN119195720A CN202411590469.5A CN202411590469A CN119195720A CN 119195720 A CN119195720 A CN 119195720A CN 202411590469 A CN202411590469 A CN 202411590469A CN 119195720 A CN119195720 A CN 119195720A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940126589 solid medicine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/261—Separate steps of (1) cementing, plugging or consolidating and (2) fracturing or attacking the formation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种储层内原位气体压裂方法，包括：将水平井的水平段从趾端到跟端依次分为若干段，且每一段分别形成射孔孔眼；下放连续油管管柱，分别向上拖动连续油管管柱后泵入压裂液，使水平井水平段的第一段至最后一段分别依次形成水力缝，直至完成所有段的压裂造缝；重新下放连续油管管柱，将液态高能材料注入连续油管管柱内，替换连续油管管柱及水平段的套管内原先的压裂液，并向上拖动连续油管管柱后注入液态高能材料，使液态高能材料分别进入水平段各段的水力缝内；提出连续油管管柱，在水平井套管内的液态高能材料与压裂液的接触区域设置点火桥塞，通过激发点火桥塞下部的点火头，引爆水平井套管内及水力缝内的液态高能材料，实现储层改造。
The invention relates to an in-situ gas fracturing method in a reservoir, comprising: dividing a horizontal section of a horizontal well from a toe end to a heel end in sequence into a plurality of sections, and forming perforated holes in each section; lowering a coiled tubing string, and respectively dragging the coiled tubing strings upwards and pumping in fracturing fluid, so that hydraulic fractures are respectively formed in sequence from the first section to the last section of the horizontal section of the horizontal well, until fracturing and fracture formation of all sections are completed; lowering the coiled tubing string again, injecting liquid high-energy material into the coiled tubing string, replacing the original fracturing fluid in the coiled tubing string and the casing of the horizontal section, and injecting liquid high-energy material after dragging the coiled tubing string upwards, so that the liquid high-energy material enters the hydraulic fractures of each section of the horizontal section respectively; raising the coiled tubing string, and setting an ignition bridge plug in the contact area between the liquid high-energy material and the fracturing fluid in the casing of the horizontal well, and igniting the ignition head at the bottom of the ignition bridge plug to detonate the liquid high-energy material in the casing of the horizontal well and in the hydraulic fracture, thereby realizing reservoir transformation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-energy gas fracturing, in particular to an in-situ gas fracturing method in a reservoir.
Background
Fracturing is an effective means for reforming a reservoir and realizing yield and injection. By taking reference to successful experience of the American shale gas, the volume fracturing is a main yield increasing means for efficiently developing unconventional oil and gas resources at present. Especially for shale gas and deep coal bed gas, a staged fracturing technology system of a limited volume horizontal well is mainly used, wherein the staged fracturing technology system comprises close cutting, large discharge, combined propping agent, pre-acid and slickwater.
However, a large amount of water resources are consumed in the conventional fracturing operation process, and the problems of (1) water resource shortage and difficult large-scale hydraulic fracturing are faced in China. The water resource quantity per person in China is only 2100, is less than 1/10 of that in the United states, and is deficient in water resource and high in water supply difficulty in northwest mountain areas, so that the operation progress is severely restricted, and the economic benefit development difficulty is high. (2) Large-scale fracturing fluid enters the stratum to easily cause problems of coal dust, water sensitivity, water lock, scaling and the like, so that the flow conductivity of the hole and the seam is influenced, and the reservoir is greatly damaged. In addition, the large liquid amount leads to the long drainage time, and the initial liquid amount is big, and later liquid amount is little, and is high to the wide-width operation ability requirement of drainage equipment, and well repair pump replacement pressure is big, and drainage degree of difficulty is high. (3) The flowback liquid and the production waste liquid have large water quantity and complex components, and the liquid contains solid phase particles, metal ions and chemical agents with different components, so that the potential hazard to the environment is easy to cause. And the treatment of the produced water is difficult, and the problems of the process and the cost still exist although partial compounding of the current flowback fluid is realized.
The high-energy gas fracturing technology relies on pulse energy generated by high-energy gas and high-energy particles or pulse energy generated by a mechanical structure to realize fracturing, and belongs to one of the strong dynamic load reservoir transformation technologies. The method mainly comprises three processes, namely a cable-down high-energy gas generator, an oil pipe-down generator, a solid medicine ignition and liquid medicine ignition, wherein the cable-down high-energy gas generator is powered on and ignited by the ground, the oil pipe-down generator is ignited by the impact of a throwing rod, and the solid medicine ignition and liquid medicine ignition. The technology has the advantages of no need of large-scale equipment, no need of sand and water source, no need of liquid discharge after pressing, simple process and low cost. The defects are that the charging is mainly limited in a shaft, the dosage is limited, the crack length is relatively short, the requirement on the well cementation quality is high, the application in certain well conditions is limited, the technical operation difficulty is relatively high, and important guarantee is needed in the aspect of safety.
In summary, there is currently a lack of in situ gas fracturing methods in reservoirs that apply high energy gas fracturing techniques to large scale reservoir reformation, and that are safe and simple to operate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the in-situ gas fracturing method in the reservoir is lack of application of the high-energy gas fracturing technology to large-scale reservoir transformation and is safe and simple to operate.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses an in-situ gas fracturing method in a reservoir, which comprises the following steps of
Step A, dividing a horizontal section of a horizontal well into a plurality of sections from a toe end to a heel end in sequence, wherein each section forms perforation holes respectively;
Step B, lowering a coiled tubing string, respectively dragging the coiled tubing string upwards, and then pumping fracturing fluid into the coiled tubing string, so that a hydraulic joint is formed from a first section to a last section of a horizontal section of the horizontal well in sequence, and the hydraulic joint extends into a reservoir until fracturing joint making of all sections is completed;
Step C, the coiled tubing string is lowered again, liquid high-energy materials are injected into the coiled tubing string, original fracturing fluid in the coiled tubing string and the casing pipe of the horizontal section is replaced, the coiled tubing string is dragged upwards, and then the liquid high-energy materials are injected, so that the liquid high-energy materials respectively enter hydraulic joints of each section of the horizontal section;
And D, providing a continuous oil pipe column, arranging an ignition bridge plug in a contact area of the liquid high-energy material in the horizontal well casing and the fracturing fluid, and detonating the liquid high-energy material in the horizontal well casing and the hydraulic joint by exciting an ignition head at the lower part of the ignition bridge plug, thereby realizing reservoir transformation.
Wherein, the step A comprises the following specific steps:
a1, dividing the horizontal section of the horizontal well into a plurality of sections from the toe end to the heel end, wherein the sections are a first section, a second section, a first, a third and an N section respectively, and N is a natural number larger than 1;
A2, scraping and flushing the horizontal well;
And A3, carrying out sectional perforation on the sleeve pipe of the horizontal section of the horizontal well and the surrounding stratum thereof by adopting an oil pipe conveying perforation gun string, and respectively forming perforation holes on each section so that liquid in the sleeve pipe can flow into the surrounding stratum through the perforation holes.
In the step B, the method for forming the hydraulic joint in one section of the reservoir comprises the following specific steps:
Firstly, two packers are pre-configured on the continuous oil pipe column, and at least one liquid outlet hole is arranged on the continuous oil pipe column between the two packers;
secondly, lowering a coiled tubing string and positioning to ensure that perforation holes of the section of the reservoir are positioned between two packers on the coiled tubing string;
Injecting fracturing fluid into the coiled tubing string from a wellhead and performing fracturing, wherein the fracturing fluid fills the inside of the coiled tubing string, the fracturing fluid in the coiled tubing string compresses the two packers outwards, and the outer walls of the two packers gradually compress the inner wall of the sleeve until the two packers are set between the outer wall of the coiled tubing string and the inner wall of the sleeve, so that a closed annular space is formed by the two packers, the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the coiled tubing string;
The closed annular space is communicated with the interior of the continuous oil pipe column through the liquid outlet hole and communicated with the hydraulic joint through the perforation holes, so that the interior of the continuous oil pipe column, the liquid outlet hole, the closed annular space, the perforation holes of the section of the reservoir and the hydraulic joint are sequentially communicated, and a liquid circulation channel is formed;
Fourthly, continuing to press, enabling the fracturing fluid to flow out of the liquid outlet hole, enter the closed annular space, and finally enter the stratum through the perforation holes to form a hydraulic joint.
The step B comprises the following specific steps:
step B1, lowering a coiled tubing string and positioning to ensure that perforation holes of a first section of a reservoir are positioned between two packers on the coiled tubing string;
step B2, injecting fracturing fluid into the coiled tubing string and pressing until two packers are set between the outer wall of the coiled tubing string and the inner wall of the sleeve to form a closed annular space;
Step B3, continuing to press, enabling the fracturing fluid to flow out of the liquid outlet hole, enter the closed annular space, and finally enter the stratum through the perforation holes to form a hydraulic joint;
Step B4, dragging the continuous oil pipe column upwards to enable perforation holes of the next section to be located between two packers on the continuous oil pipe column, repeating the steps B2 to B3, and forming a hydraulic joint on the next section of the reservoir;
And B5, repeating the step B4 until the fracturing and seam making of all sections of the reservoir are completed.
Specifically, the fracturing fluid is slickwater.
The step C comprises the following specific steps:
Step C1, a coiled tubing string is lowered again and positioned, so that perforation holes of a first section of a reservoir are positioned between two packers on the coiled tubing string, and liquid high-energy materials are injected into the coiled tubing string from a wellhead to replace original fracturing fluid in a casing of the coiled tubing and a horizontal section;
step C2, pressing the continuous oil pipe column, and filling the inside of the sleeve with liquid high-energy materials until two packers are set between the outer wall of the continuous oil pipe column and the inner wall of the sleeve and form a closed annular space;
Step C3, continuously pressing, enabling the liquid high-energy material to flow out of a liquid outlet hole of the continuous oil pipe string, enter the closed annular space, and finally enter a hydraulic joint through a perforation hole;
Step C4, dragging the continuous oil pipe column upwards to enable perforation holes of the next section of the reservoir to be located between two packers on the continuous oil pipe column, and repeating the steps C2 to C3 to enable liquid high-energy materials to enter a hydraulic joint of the next section of the reservoir;
step C5, repeating the step C4 until the liquid high-energy material is extruded into the hydraulic joints of all sections of the reservoir.
The step D comprises the following specific steps:
step D1, taking out a coiled tubing string;
step D2, the ignition bridge plug is put in through a cable, so that the ignition bridge plug is positioned in a contact area of the liquid high-energy material of the deflecting section at the upper part of the horizontal section and the fracturing fluid, and an ignition head of the ignition bridge plug is ensured to be positioned at one side of the liquid high-energy material and to be in direct contact with the liquid high-energy material;
step D3, electrifying a setting tool of the ignition bridge plug, setting the bridge plug of the ignition bridge plug, and separating the fracturing fluid positioned above from the liquid high-energy material positioned below;
step D4, taking out the cable and the setting tool of the ignition bridge plug;
And D5, pressurizing fracturing fluid in the sleeve at a wellhead, exciting an ignition head at the lower part of the ignition bridge plug, detonating liquid high-energy materials in the sleeve of the horizontal well and in the hydraulic joint, and reforming stratum around the hydraulic joint by explosion of the liquid high-energy materials to form a self-supporting complex joint network.
When the liquid high-energy material explodes, a large amount of high-energy gas is generated in the hydraulic seam in a short time, and the stratum around the hydraulic seam is fully transformed to form a self-supporting complex seam net.
In order to ensure the safety of a wellhead, the bridge plug of the ignition bridge plug seals high-energy gas during explosion.
And D6, drilling the ignition bridge plug by a drilling tool to dredge the horizontal well.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention discloses an in-situ gas fracturing method in a reservoir, which comprises the steps of dividing the reservoir of a horizontal section of a horizontal well into a plurality of sections from a toe end to a heel end in sequence, respectively forming perforation holes in each section of the reservoir, lowering the continuous oil pipe column, respectively dragging the continuous oil pipe column upwards, pumping fracturing fluid into the first section to the last section of the horizontal well to respectively form hydraulic joints, enabling the hydraulic joints to extend into the reservoir until fracturing joint formation of all sections is completed, and C, injecting liquid high-energy materials into the continuous oil pipe column to replace the original fracturing fluid in the continuous oil pipe column, respectively dragging the continuous oil pipe column upwards, then injecting the liquid high-energy materials into the hydraulic joints of each section of the reservoir, and D, providing the continuous oil pipe column, setting an ignition plug in a contact area of the liquid high-energy materials in a sleeve of the horizontal well and the fracturing fluid, and detonating the liquid high-energy materials in the sleeve of the horizontal well by exciting an ignition plug, thereby realizing transformation of the reservoir. The in-situ gas fracturing method in the reservoir can realize the purpose of manufacturing a large-scale complex stitch net in the reservoir for full reconstruction safely and simply by using only a small amount of water and liquid high-energy materials. The invention can be used for the multi-section fracturing transformation of directional wells or horizontal wells and other well type wells.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a well cleanout with a pipe wiper according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of perforation formation according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the hydraulic joint formed by injecting slick water as provided in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the injection of liquid energetic material into the interior of a casing as provided in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the entry of liquid energetic material from perforations into a hydraulic seam provided in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the liquid energetic material provided in example 2 of the present invention being extruded into hydraulic joints of all segments of a reservoir;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the invention in which the ignition bridge plug provided in embodiment 2 is located in the contact area between the liquid energetic material of the deflecting section at the upper part of the horizontal section and the fracturing fluid, and the ignition head of the ignition bridge plug is located at one side of the liquid energetic material and is in direct contact with the liquid energetic material;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the ignition bridge plug according to embodiment 2 of the present invention for sealing high-energy gas during explosion to ensure the safety of the wellhead;
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal well and hydraulic joints after drilling and production according to example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In order to solve the problem of lack of the in-situ gas fracturing method in the reservoir which is used for transforming the large-scale reservoir and is safe and simple to operate, the invention discloses the in-situ gas fracturing method in the reservoir, comprising the following steps that a reservoir of a horizontal section of a horizontal well is divided into a plurality of sections from a toe end to a heel end in sequence, and perforation holes are respectively formed in each section of the reservoir; the method comprises the steps of (A) setting a continuous oil pipe column, respectively dragging the continuous oil pipe column upwards, pumping fracturing fluid into the continuous oil pipe column, enabling the first section to the last section of the horizontal well to respectively form hydraulic joints in sequence, enabling the hydraulic joints to extend into a reservoir until fracturing joint making of all sections is completed, (C) injecting liquid high-energy materials into the continuous oil pipe column, replacing the original fracturing fluid in the continuous oil pipe column, setting the continuous oil pipe column again, respectively dragging the continuous oil pipe column upwards, injecting the liquid high-energy materials after dragging the continuous oil pipe column upwards, enabling the liquid high-energy materials to respectively enter the hydraulic joints of each section of the reservoir, and (D) setting an ignition bridge plug in the contact area of the liquid high-energy materials in the casing of the horizontal well and the hydraulic joints, and detonating the liquid high-energy materials in the casing of the horizontal well by exciting an ignition head at the lower part of the ignition bridge plug, thereby realizing reservoir transformation.
Example 1 in situ gas fracturing apparatus in a reservoir
Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an in-situ gas fracturing device in a reservoir, and the structure of the in-situ gas fracturing device is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-9, the in situ gas fracturing apparatus in a reservoir includes a horizontal well, a tubing conveyed perforating gun string (TCP), a coiled tubing string, and a firing bridge plug.
The horizontal well comprises a vertical well section, a deflecting section and a horizontal section, wherein the vertical well section is connected with the horizontal section through the deflecting section, and the horizontal section is positioned in a reservoir to be mined.
The horizontal well is internally provided with a sleeve, the sleeve is sequentially lowered into the horizontal well from top to bottom, and the sleeve penetrates through the horizontal section of the horizontal well.
The horizontal section of the horizontal well is divided into a plurality of sections from the toe end to the heel end, wherein the sections are a first section, a second section, a first section and an N section respectively, and N is a natural number larger than 1.
In order to facilitate the inflow of the liquid in the casing into the reservoir around the horizontal section, perforation holes are respectively arranged in the first section to the last section of the horizontal well.
Specifically, the oil pipe conveying perforating gun string can be lowered into the casing, the casing of a plurality of sections of reservoirs of the horizontal well section and the surrounding stratum thereof can be subjected to sectional perforation, and perforation holes are respectively formed in each section of the reservoirs.
Before fracturing fluid forms hydraulic joints in reservoir segments, coiled tubing strings need to be run into the casing.
The coiled tubing string can be put into the casing, two packers are arranged on the coiled tubing string, and at least one liquid outlet hole is arranged on the coiled tubing string between the two packers.
And by dragging the continuous oil pipe column, perforation holes of the first section to the last section of the horizontal well are respectively positioned between two packers on the continuous oil pipe column.
The ignition bridge plug is provided with a setting tool, the setting tool is provided with a cable connector, a cable is inserted on the cable connector, the setting tool is lowered by moving the cable, and then the ignition bridge plug is conveyed to a liquid high-energy material.
Specifically, the bridge plug of the ignition bridge plug is conveyed and set at the contact area of the liquid high-energy material of the deflecting section at the upper part of the horizontal section and the fracturing fluid through a cable conveying setting tool.
Specifically, the ignition bridge plug comprises a bridge plug body and an ignition head, wherein the ignition head is arranged on the bridge plug body.
Specifically, the bridge plug body is provided with a central flow passage, the bottom end of the bridge plug body is fixed with a piston shell, and the piston shell is communicated with the central flow passage;
the ignition head comprises a piston, a firing pin and a detonator, the piston housing comprises a cavity, and the piston is temporarily restrained at the upper part of the cavity of the piston housing through two shear pins;
The firing pin is fixed at the lower part of the piston;
the detonator is fixed at the bottom of the piston shell and is opposite to the firing pin;
The central runner is provided with a one-way valve which only allows the pressure to be transmitted unidirectionally from top to bottom and is used as a channel for the pressurized medium to circulate so as to impact the piston and enable the piston to move forwards and simultaneously serve as a barrier for isolating the pressure of a shaft below the bridge plug;
When the piston is impacted by a pressurizing medium, the shearing pin is firstly sheared to break away from temporary constraint, then the firing pin is driven to move forwards, the firing pin moves forwards until the detonator is impacted, sparks are generated after the detonator is impacted, and the sparks extend forwards into the liquid high-energy material to realize ignition.
The bridge plug body is arranged in a contact area of the liquid high-energy material of the deflecting section at the upper part of the horizontal section and the fracturing fluid, and ensures that an ignition head of the ignition bridge plug is positioned at one side of the liquid high-energy material and is in direct contact with the liquid high-energy material.
Specifically, the liquid high-energy material is a liquid explosive.
In order to ensure that sparks generated after the detonator is impacted can smoothly extend into the liquid high-energy material, the detonator penetrates through the bottom of the piston shell.
Example 2 in situ gas fracturing method in a reservoir
The embodiment 2 of the invention provides an in-situ gas fracturing method in a reservoir, which adopts the in-situ gas fracturing device in the reservoir of the embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
Step A, dividing a horizontal section of a horizontal well into a plurality of sections from a toe end to a heel end in sequence, and forming perforation holes on each section respectively, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps:
a1, dividing the horizontal section of the horizontal well into a plurality of sections from the toe end to the heel end, wherein the sections are a first section, a second section, a first, a third and an N section respectively, and N is a natural number larger than 1;
step A2, scraping and flushing the horizontal well, as shown in figure 1,
Specifically, the pipe for scraping and flushing is a sleeve.
And step A3, carrying out sectional perforation on the sleeve pipe of the horizontal section of the horizontal well and the surrounding stratum thereof by adopting an oil pipe conveying perforation gun string, and respectively forming perforation holes in each section, as shown in figure 2, so that liquid in the sleeve pipe can flow into the surrounding stratum through the perforation holes.
And B, lowering the coiled tubing string, respectively dragging the coiled tubing string upwards, and then pumping fracturing fluid into the coiled tubing string, so that a hydraulic joint is formed from the first section to the last section of the horizontal well in sequence, and extends into the reservoir until the fracturing joint making of all sections is completed.
Wherein the method of forming a hydraulic seam in one section of the reservoir comprises the specific steps of:
Firstly, two packers are pre-configured on the continuous oil pipe column, and at least one liquid outlet hole is arranged on the continuous oil pipe column between the two packers;
Second, lowering and positioning a string of coiled tubing to ensure that perforations in the section of the reservoir are located between two packers on the string of coiled tubing, as shown in FIG. 3;
Injecting fracturing fluid into the coiled tubing string from a wellhead and performing fracturing, wherein the fracturing fluid fills the inside of the coiled tubing string, the fracturing fluid in the coiled tubing string compresses the two packers outwards, and the outer walls of the two packers gradually compress the inner wall of the sleeve until the two packers are set between the outer wall of the coiled tubing string and the inner wall of the sleeve, so that a closed annular space is formed by the two packers, the inner wall of the sleeve and the outer wall of the coiled tubing string;
The closed annular space is communicated with the interior of the continuous oil pipe column through the liquid outlet hole and communicated with the hydraulic joint through the perforation holes, so that the interior of the continuous oil pipe column, the liquid outlet hole, the closed annular space, the perforation holes of the section of the reservoir and the hydraulic joint are sequentially communicated, and a liquid circulation channel is formed;
Specifically, the fracturing fluid is slickwater.
Fourthly, continuing to press, enabling the fracturing fluid to flow out of the liquid outlet hole, enter the closed annular space, and finally enter the stratum through the perforation holes to form a hydraulic joint, as shown in fig. 3.
Specifically, the step B comprises the following specific steps:
step B1, lowering a coiled tubing string and positioning to ensure that perforation holes of a first section of a reservoir are positioned between two packers on the coiled tubing string;
Step B2, injecting fracturing fluid into the coiled tubing string and pressing until two packers are set between the outer wall of the coiled tubing string and the inner wall of the sleeve to form a closed annular space, so that the inside of the coiled tubing string, the liquid outlet hole, the closed annular space, the perforation holes of the section of the reservoir and the hydraulic joint are sequentially communicated to form a liquid circulation channel;
Step B3, continuing to press, enabling the fracturing fluid to flow out of the liquid outlet hole, enter the closed annular space, and finally enter the stratum through the perforation holes to form a hydraulic joint;
Step B4, dragging the continuous oil pipe column upwards to enable perforation holes of the next section to be located between two packers on the continuous oil pipe column, repeating the steps B2 to B3, and forming a hydraulic joint on the next section of the reservoir, wherein the hydraulic joint is shown in FIG 3;
And B5, repeating the step B4 until the fracturing and seam making of all sections of the reservoir are completed.
Step C, the coiled tubing string is lowered again, liquid high-energy materials are injected into the coiled tubing string, original fracturing fluid in the coiled tubing string and the casing pipe of the horizontal section is replaced, the coiled tubing string is dragged upwards, then the liquid high-energy materials are injected, and the liquid high-energy materials respectively enter hydraulic joints of each section of the horizontal section, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
Step C1, a coiled tubing string is lowered again and positioned, so that perforation holes of a first section of a reservoir are positioned between two packers on the coiled tubing string, and liquid high-energy materials are injected into the coiled tubing string from a wellhead to replace original fracturing fluid in a casing of the coiled tubing and a horizontal section;
Step C2, pressing the continuous oil pipe column, and filling the inside of the sleeve with liquid high-energy materials, wherein the liquid high-energy materials are shown in fig. 4, until two packers are set between the outer wall of the continuous oil pipe column and the inner wall of the sleeve and form a closed annular space;
Step C3, continuously pressing, enabling the liquid high-energy material to flow out of a liquid outlet hole of the continuous oil pipe string, enter the closed annular space, and finally enter a hydraulic joint through perforation holes, as shown in fig. 5;
Step C4, dragging the continuous oil pipe column upwards to enable perforation holes of the next section of the reservoir to be located between two packers on the continuous oil pipe column, and repeating the steps C2 to C3 to enable liquid high-energy materials to enter a hydraulic joint of the next section of the reservoir;
Step C5-step C4 is repeated until the liquid energetic material is extruded into the hydraulic joints of all segments of the reservoir, as shown in fig. 6.
Step D, taking out the coiled tubing string, arranging an ignition bridge plug in a contact area of the liquid high-energy material in the horizontal well casing and the fracturing fluid, and detonating the liquid high-energy material in the horizontal well casing and the hydraulic seam by exciting an ignition head at the lower part of the ignition bridge plug, thereby realizing the transformation of stratum around the hydraulic seam, and comprising the following specific steps:
step D1, taking out a coiled tubing string;
step D2, the ignition bridge plug is put in through a cable, so that the ignition bridge plug is positioned in a contact area of the liquid high-energy material of the deflecting section at the upper part of the horizontal section and the fracturing fluid, and an ignition head of the ignition bridge plug is ensured to be positioned at one side of the liquid high-energy material and to be in direct contact with the liquid high-energy material, as shown in fig. 7;
step D3, electrifying a setting tool of the ignition bridge plug, setting the bridge plug of the ignition bridge plug, and separating the fracturing fluid positioned above from the liquid high-energy material positioned below;
step D4, taking out the cable and the setting tool of the ignition bridge plug;
And D5, pressurizing fracturing fluid in the sleeve at a wellhead, exciting an ignition head at the lower part of the ignition bridge plug, detonating liquid high-energy materials in the sleeve of the horizontal well and in the hydraulic joint, and reforming stratum around the hydraulic joint by explosion of the liquid high-energy materials to form a self-supporting complex joint network.
When the liquid high-energy material explodes, a large amount of high-energy gas is generated in the hydraulic seam in a short time, and the stratum around the hydraulic seam is fully transformed to form a self-supporting complex seam net.
Specifically, the liquid energetic material is a liquid explosive.
Wherein, the bridge plug of the ignition bridge plug seals high-energy gas when in explosion so as to ensure the safety of a wellhead, as shown in fig. 8.
Specifically, in order to prevent the high-energy high-pressure gas from returning to the upper part of the sleeve after the explosion of the liquid high-energy material below the ignition bridge plug, a two-way protective barrier is designed.
The first protective barrier is designed in such a way that the inner diameter of the cavity of the piston housing is larger than the inner diameter of the central flow passage of the central tube, and a step is arranged at the joint of the cavity of the piston housing and the central flow passage of the central tube and used for blocking the piston from entering the central flow passage of the central tube from the cavity of the piston housing.
The second protective barrier is designed in such a way that a one-way valve is arranged at the joint of the butt joint end of the setting tool and the central flow passage of the central tube, and the one-way valve is used for only allowing medium to be transmitted from top to bottom, but not allowing the medium to be transmitted from bottom to top.
The secondary protective barrier can seal the high-energy high-pressure gas below the ignition bridge plug, so that the high-energy gas is sealed.
Step D6, the ignition bridge plug is drilled off by the drilling tool to dredge the horizontal well, as shown in fig. 9.
Specifically, the running tool includes a drill bit and a drill rod.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution described in the above-mentioned embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be equivalently replaced, and these modifications or substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solution deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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