Preparation method of calcium sulfoaluminate modified portland cement based on thermodynamic calculation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of calcium sulfoaluminate modified portland cement based on thermodynamic calculation.
Background
The CO 2 emissions from the cement industry account for 8% of the total emissions of CO 2 produced by human activity, while about 63% of the CO 2 emissions from the cement industry are derived from limestone decomposition during cement production. In particular, in the process of producing silicate cement clinker, more limestone needs to be calcined, and the discharged CO 2 is large, so that the development of a non-silicate cement system has important significance for energy conservation and emission reduction in the building industry. Compared with silicate cement, the amount of limestone required to be calcined of the sulphoaluminate cement is small, the calcining temperature is 100-150 ℃, the energy consumption can be reduced by 27-37%, and correspondingly, the CO 2 emission is reduced by 18-48%. Portland cement is widely used because of its advantages of rapid setting and hardening, high early strength and later strength, good freezing resistance, good carbonization resistance, good wear resistance, etc. The sulphoaluminate cement has the advantages of high freezing resistance, good corrosion resistance, high impermeability, high early strength and the like, and is widely applied to rush repair engineering, low-temperature construction engineering, seawater corrosion resistance engineering and the like.
With the progress of researches on cement chemistry theory and detection means, researchers begin to compound two or more cements, and aim to combine the advantages of the two cements, so as to prepare a compound cementing system with excellent comprehensive performance, reduce limestone consumption and reduce carbon emission. However, in the design process of calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement, it is not known how much sulfate is needed to match calcium sulfoaluminate, and the previous researchers all adopt an orthogonal test method to test the optimal mixing amount of anhydrous gypsum, so that the efficiency is low and the cost is high.
The invention is specially provided for maximally improving the efficiency in the process of designing the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement mineral phase and maximally improving the performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the traditional cement mixing proportion design method is mainly based on a trial-and-error method, and has high cost and low efficiency. Aiming at the defects of the existing calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement preparation technology, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement based on thermodynamic calculation, which has low cost and high efficiency.
The preparation method of the calcium sulfoaluminate modified portland cement based on thermodynamic calculation comprises the following steps:
the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement consists of silicate clinker, sulfoaluminate clinker and anhydrous gypsum;
The method comprises the steps of establishing a process diagram of the evolution of hydration products of a calcium hydroxide-calcium sulfoaluminate-anhydrous gypsum ternary system along with time through gibbs energy minimization thermodynamic simulation software (GEMS, gibbs Energy Minimization Software), obtaining the generation of anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate in the hydration products when the molar ratio of anhydrous gypsum/calcium sulfoaluminate is M=8, obtaining the anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate by hydration according to the fact that calcium hydroxide is C 3 S and C 2 S, providing the anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate by sulfoaluminate clinker, and back calculating according to the measured composition of a certain silicate cement clinker and a certain sulfoaluminate cement clinker mineral phase to obtain the ratio of the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement, and determining the ratio of the silicate clinker, the sulfoaluminate clinker and the anhydrous gypsum.
Further, a process map of the evolution over time of the hydration product of the calcium hydroxide-calcium sulfoaluminate-anhydrite ternary system was established by gibbs energy minimization thermodynamic modeling software (GEMS, gibbs Energy Minimization Software).
Further, the silicate clinker is free of gypsum, and the sulfoaluminate clinker is doped with gypsum.
Further, the calcium sulfoaluminate content in the sulfoaluminate clinker exceeds 60wt.%.
Further, the specific surface areas of the silicate clinker are respectively 350- 2/kg~450m2/kg,D50 to 10-50 μm.
Further, the specific surface areas of the sulphoaluminate clinker are respectively 350- 2/kg~450m2/kg;D50 and 10-50 mu m.
Further, the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement is prepared by uniformly mixing silicate clinker, sulfoaluminate clinker and anhydrous gypsum according to a certain proportion, and the required performance can be obtained by adjusting the formula according to application requirements. The calcium sulfoaluminate modified portland cement consists of three components in the following proportion:
65-75 wt% of silicate clinker
10-30 Wt% of sulphoaluminate clinker
5-25 Wt% of anhydrous gypsum
The standard mortar for testing the strength of the calcium sulfoaluminate modified portland cement is prepared by weighing raw materials, mixing silicate clinker, sulfoaluminate clinker and anhydrous gypsum, sequentially adding water and sand, and uniformly mixing to obtain the mortar.
The method comprises the steps of weighing raw materials according to a designed proportion, putting the weighed powder into a stirring pot, drying and stirring for 3min at a low speed, pouring water into the stirring pot at one time, stirring for 30s at a low speed, adding sand in the process of stirring for 30s at a low speed, stirring for 30s at a high speed, scraping mortar on the side wall of the stirring pot after stopping for 90s in the middle, and stirring for 60s at a high speed to obtain the uniformly mixed new mortar.
In the scheme, the stirring container is a cement mortar stirring pot recommended in GB/T17671, the low-speed stirring speed is 140r/min, and the high-speed stirring speed is 285r/min.
After the preparation of the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate mortar is finished, the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate mortar is placed in an environment with the relative humidity of more than or equal to 95 percent and the temperature of 20 ℃ plus or minus 2 ℃ for curing.
Specifically, the preparation method of the calcium sulfoaluminate modified portland cement based on thermodynamic calculation comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing the required raw materials such as silicate clinker, sulphoaluminate clinker, anhydrous gypsum and the like according to the formula proportion with the M value of 2-10, and stirring for 1 minute to uniformly mix the raw materials;
(2) Slowly adding water into the powder uniformly mixed in the step (1) with the water cement ratio of 0.5, adding standard sand specified in GB/T17671 cement mortar strength test method (ISO method) in the stirring process, wherein the mass ratio of cement to standard sand is 1:3, stirring at a high speed for 2 minutes by adopting a high shear mode to form plastic slurry, pouring into a mould, and carrying out standard maintenance;
(3) After demoulding, the mixture is placed in a standard curing box, and cured to 1d, 3d, 7d and 28d under the conditions of 20 ℃ plus or minus 1 ℃ and 95% plusor minus 1% RH, and then the mortar strength is tested according to GB/T17671 cement mortar strength test method (ISO method).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the invention calculates the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement mixing ratios with different M values by using GEMS thermodynamic simulation software, and compared with the traditional trial-and-error method or orthogonal trial-and-error method adopted in the cement mixing ratio design process, the invention greatly improves the design efficiency and reduces the trial-and-error cost. As more anhydrous gypsum is introduced into the composition of the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement, compared with the traditional silicate cement, a large amount of ettringite can be generated in early stage, and the early strength can be improved by about 50 percent.
Because of a large amount of sulfate introduced in the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement, almost no mono-sulfur hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate is generated in hydration products of the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement, and the later strength is greatly improved. If the method is adopted to design and prepare the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement, on one hand, the design efficiency can be greatly improved and the trial and error cost can be reduced, on the other hand, the sulfoaluminate is partially substituted for the silicate cement, the carbon dioxide emission caused by the silicate cement production can be reduced, and meanwhile, the method can be considered to be used in 3D printing concrete due to the great improvement of the early strength and the shortening of the setting time. In addition, due to the improvement of the strength grade, the consumption of cementing materials such as cement and the like can be greatly reduced when the same strength grade is maintained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of the evolution over time of the hydration product of calcium sulfoaluminate modified portland cement;
FIG. 2 is a graph of compressive strength of the mortar of examples 1-5;
FIG. 3 is a thermogravimetric analysis of examples 1-5.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this example, the silicate clinker has a specific surface area of 380m 2/kg, the sulphoaluminate clinker has a specific surface area of 362m 2/kg and the anhydrite has a specific surface area of 465m 2/kg. Mixing water into deionized water.
The preparation method of the calcium sulfoaluminate modified Portland cement based on thermodynamic calculation comprises the following main steps:
Firstly, establishing a process diagram of the evolution of hydration products of a calcium hydroxide-anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate-anhydrous gypsum ternary system along with time through GEMS thermodynamic simulation software, and obtaining the generation of anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate hydrate in the hydration products when the molar ratio of the anhydrous gypsum to the anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate is M=8.
And secondly, because calcium hydroxide is formed by hydrating C 3 S and C 2 S in silicate clinker, anhydrous calcium sulfoaluminate is a main constituent phase in sulfoaluminate clinker, and the composition ratio of silicate cement, sulfoaluminate cement and anhydrous gypsum in the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement is obtained by back calculation.
And thirdly, designing 5 groups of calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cements with different M values, testing the compressive strength of calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate mortars in different curing ages by using examples 1-5 when M=8, verifying the rationality of thermodynamic calculation design, and finally preparing the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cements with high mechanical strength, low porosity and good stability.
Examples 1 to 5:
the preparation method of the calcium sulfoaluminate modified portland cement based on thermodynamic calculation comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing raw materials, and weighing the raw materials according to the proportion shown in the table 1;
2) Putting the weighed powder into a stirring pot, and drying and stirring for 3min at a low speed;
3) Pouring water into a stirring pot at one time, stirring at a low speed for 30s, adding sand in the process of stirring at a low speed for 30s, stirring at a high speed for 30s, scraping mortar on the side wall of the stirring pot by stopping 90s in the middle, and stirring at a high speed for 60s to obtain the uniformly mixed new mortar.
Examples 1 to 5 were subjected to compressive strength test by reference to GB/T17671 method for cement mortar strength test (ISO method), and the test results are shown in FIG. 1. Fig. 1 shows compressive strengths of calcium sulfoaluminate modified portland cement under different M values, and as can be seen from fig. 1, when m=2, the compressive strengths of the mortar of the system at 1d, 3d, 7d and 28d are 6.5MPa, 12MPa, 19MPa and 25.2MPa, respectively, and the early strength and the late strength are very low. For further analysis reasons, the TG-DTG curve of the samples was tested as shown in fig. 2. As can be seen from fig. 2, when m=2, the amount of ettringite produced in the system is the smallest, while the content of mono-sulfur hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate is the largest, which indicates that the content of ettringite is small, and that the content of mono-sulfur hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate is the main cause of the low mechanical strength.
When m=8, the mortar compressive strengths of the system at 1d, 3d, 7d and 28d are 23.2MPa, 33.6MPa, 40MPa and 45.2MPa, respectively, and the early strength and the later strength of the hardened matrix are high when m=8, compared with all other groups. The TG-DTG curves of all samples are shown in FIG. 3. As can be seen from fig. 3, the amount of ettringite produced in the system is not the highest at m=8, because the sulfate content in the system is the highest at m=10, resulting in the highest ettringite content in the m=10 group. As for the content of the monothiotype hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate, only a small amount was generated in the m=group, and the content of the monothiotype hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate generated in the m=8 was more than that in the m=10 group. However, the compressive strength of the group m=8 is higher than that of the group m=10 at any age, which means that the ettringite content is not as high as possible, but rather that the strength development is not good beyond a certain limit. In the sum, in practical application, the calcium sulfoaluminate modified silicate cement prepared in the embodiment 4 has high early strength and no collapse phenomenon in later strength.
Table 1 mortar mix ratio (unit g) for strength test of calcium sulfoaluminate modified Portland cement as described in example 1 to 5
The foregoing examples illustrate the invention and embodiments, which are not intended to be limiting, but merely exemplary of some of the invention, as well as practical embodiments. Therefore, the manufacturing mode and the embodiment similar to the technical scheme of the invention are not creatively designed without departing from the aim of the invention, and the manufacturing mode and the embodiment belong to the protection scope of the invention.