CN119163576A - An ultra-high pressure and low temperature fluid pressurization system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrahigh pressure low temperature fluid pressurizing system which comprises a hydraulic driving mechanism, a pressurizing piece and an insulating container, wherein the pressurizing piece is provided with more than two pressurizing cavities, the pressurizing cavities are respectively provided with an input end for inputting fluid in one direction and an output end for outputting fluid in one direction, plunger rods are respectively connected to the pressurizing piece in a sealing way, the plunger rods can slide inwards or outwards along the pressurizing cavities to reduce or increase the volume of the pressurizing cavities, low temperature liquid is stored in the insulating container, the pressurizing cavities of the pressurizing piece are respectively positioned in the insulating container and are immersed by the low temperature liquid, the hydraulic driving mechanism is connected with a plurality of plunger rods and can alternately drive the plunger rods to slide towards the inside of the pressurizing cavities so as to alternately pressurize fluid in each pressurizing cavity, and the pressurizing capacity of continuously supplying high pressure liquid is realized by alternately driving the plurality of pressurizing cavities.

Description

Ultrahigh pressure low temperature fluid pressurizing system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fluid pressurization, in particular to an ultrahigh pressure low temperature fluid pressurization system.

Background

Cryogenic liquid pumps are used in the petroleum, air separation and chemical industries to deliver cryogenic liquids (e.g., liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquefied natural gas, etc.). According to the different working principles, cryopumps are mainly divided into two types, reciprocating and centrifugal. The centrifugal pump has no self-priming capability, simple structure, few moving parts and high rotating speed, but has smaller supercharging effect and is mostly used for conveying low and medium pressure. Most of the reciprocating pumps are piston pumps or plunger pumps, and currently existing reciprocating pumps are used for systems with high pressure and small flow. Unlike a general booster pump, the cryogenic liquid pump is required to maintain a low temperature during liquid delivery, minimizing cold losses, which would otherwise be inoperable due to liquid vaporization.

In order to increase the density of the transported liquid or to perform corresponding cutting, surface treatment, etc. by using the low-temperature high-pressure fluid, the pressurizing treatment of the ultra-high-pressure low-temperature fluid pressurizing system is required. At present, a high-pressure low-temperature pump generally adopts a single-action reciprocating structure to compress low-temperature fluid in a pressurizing cavity, and a driving part is a crank connecting rod. In the superhigh pressure application field, the requirement on a driving motor is higher, the whole design structure is complex, the occupied space is larger, the vibration is larger, and the pressure fluctuation of the liquid discharge end is larger and is easy to damage. In addition, the start-stop action of the booster pump is complex, and the booster pump cannot respond quickly under the pressure maintaining requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the pressure fluctuation of a liquid discharge end in the prior art is large and the liquid discharge end is easy to damage.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an ultrahigh pressure low temperature fluid pressurizing system which comprises a hydraulic driving mechanism, a pressurizing piece and an adiabatic container, wherein the pressurizing piece is provided with more than two pressurizing cavities, pressurizing cavities are formed in the pressurizing piece, each pressurizing cavity is provided with an input end for inputting fluid in one direction and an output end for outputting fluid in one direction, plunger rods are connected to the pressurizing piece in a sealing mode, the plunger rods can slide inwards or outwards along the pressurizing cavities to reduce or increase the volume of the pressurizing cavities, low temperature liquid is stored in the adiabatic container, the pressurizing cavities of the pressurizing piece are all positioned in the adiabatic container and immersed by the low temperature liquid, and the hydraulic driving mechanism is connected with a plurality of plunger rods and can alternately drive the plunger rods to slide towards the interiors of the pressurizing cavities, so that the fluid in each pressurizing cavity is pressurized alternately.

Further, the pressurizing elements are provided with two, the hydraulic driving mechanism comprises a cylinder body, the cylinder body is connected with an external hydraulic source, a piston is arranged in the cylinder body in a sliding mode, the piston is connected with plunger rods of the two pressurizing elements, and the external hydraulic source drives the piston to reciprocate, so that the plunger rods are alternately driven to slide towards the inside of the pressurizing cavity.

Further, the hydraulic driving mechanism is a plurality of oil cylinders correspondingly connected with the plunger rods, and the oil cylinders are alternately driven to work, so that the plunger rods are alternately driven to slide towards the inside of the pressurizing cavity.

Further, a passageway is formed in the pressurizing member for the plunger rod to enter, the passageway communicating with the pressurizing chamber.

Further, a stuffing box is arranged in the channel, and the stuffing box is positioned between the plunger rod and the channel.

Further, a support ring is arranged in the channel and supports the plunger rod, and the support ring is made of a material with the same or similar expansion coefficient as the plunger rod.

Further, the both ends and the pressure boost spare fixed sealing connection of cylinder body, the passageway is provided with coaxial sealing washer near one side of cylinder body to avoid hydraulic oil to get into the pressure boost chamber through the passageway.

Further, a subcooler immersed by the low-temperature liquid is arranged in the heat-insulating container, one end of the subcooler is connected with the input ends of the plurality of pressurizing cavities in parallel through pipelines, and the other end of the subcooler is connected with an external fluid source pipeline.

Further, a liquid inlet regulating valve is arranged between the subcooler and the input end of the pressurizing cavity, and the liquid inlet regulating valve is used for discharging the fluid with higher air content out of the system.

Further, the device also comprises an energy accumulator, wherein the input end of the energy accumulator is connected with the output end pipeline of the pressurizing cavity so as to reduce the pressure fluctuation of the high-pressure fluid discharged by the pressurizing cavity.

According to the technical scheme, the liquid supply device has the beneficial effects that the liquid is pressurized by alternately driving the pressurizing cavities, so that the capability of continuous high-pressure liquid supply is realized, compared with the traditional single-action pressurizing pump, the pressure fluctuation caused by intermittent liquid discharge is remarkably reduced, the damage of a liquid discharge end of a system is avoided, and the stability of the system is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-high pressure low temperature fluid pressurization system provided by the application.

The reference numerals are as follows, 1, an automatic fluid supplementing valve, 2, a liquid level meter, 3, an adiabatic container, 4, a plunger rod, 5, a packing seal box, 6, a hydraulic oil outlet one-way valve, 7, a hydraulic oil inlet one-way valve, 8, a support ring, 9, a coaxial sealing ring, 10, a support ring, 11, a hole YX-shaped sealing ring, 12, a piston, 13, a fluid inlet regulating valve, 14, a fluid inlet one-way valve, 15, a fluid discharge one-way valve, 16, a pressurizing cavity, 17, a supercooler, 18, an energy accumulator, 19, a cylinder, 20 and a pressurizing piece.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It will be understood that the invention is capable of various modifications in various embodiments, all without departing from the scope of the invention, and that the description and illustrations herein are intended to be by way of illustration only and not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

For the purpose of further illustrating the principles and structure of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, an ultra-high pressure low temperature fluid pressurizing system provided in this embodiment includes a pressurizing member 20 and a hydraulic driving mechanism, the number of the pressurizing members 20 is more than two, and pressurizing chambers 16 are formed in each pressurizing member 20, each pressurizing chamber 16 has an input end for inputting fluid in one direction and an output end for outputting fluid in one direction, an external fluid source is connected with the input end through a pipeline, the hydraulic driving mechanism realizes the pressurizing of the fluid by reducing the volume of the pressurizing chambers 16, and when pressurizing the fluid, the hydraulic driving mechanism alternately drives the pressurizing chambers 16 to reduce, so as to realize the continuous output of the pressurizing fluid, and reduce the pressure fluctuation caused by intermittent liquid output.

Specifically, the pressurizing element 20 is hermetically connected with the plunger rod 4, the plunger rod 4 is linked with the hydraulic driving mechanism, the plunger rod 4 can slide inwards or outwards along the pressurizing cavity 16 under the driving of the hydraulic driving mechanism, the volume of the pressurizing cavity 16 can be reduced when the plunger rod 4 slides inwards into the pressurizing cavity 16 to pressurize fluid, the pressurized fluid flows outwards through the output end of the unidirectional output fluid, the volume of the pressurizing cavity 16 is increased when the plunger rod 4 slides outwards, and the external fluid enters the pressurizing cavity 16 through the input end of the pressurizing cavity 16.

During pressurization, the cryogenic liquid needs to be maintained at a low temperature to avoid vaporization. Thus, there is also provided an insulated container 3, in which the cryogenic liquid is stored, a portion of the area of the pressurizer 20 being located within the insulated container 3, in particular the pressurizer chamber 16 being located within the insulated container 3 and being submerged by the cryogenic liquid, the insulated container 3 being able to provide the necessary cooling capacity for other components within the system, such as the pressurizer chamber 16, the subcooler 17 and the accumulator 18 described below, ensuring that the cryogenic fluid remains in its cryogenic state throughout the pressurization process.

Further, in an embodiment of the hydraulic driving mechanism, when the pressurizing member 20 has two hydraulic driving mechanisms, the hydraulic driving mechanism comprises a cylinder 19, the cylinder 19 is connected with an external hydraulic source, a piston 12 is slidably arranged in the cylinder 19, the piston 12 is connected with the plunger rods 4 of the two pressurizing members 20, the cross section area of the piston 12 is generally 10-15 times that of the plunger rods 4, the external hydraulic source outputs the same pressure to drive the piston 12 to reciprocate, the piston 12 drives the plunger rods 4 to reciprocate, so that one side of the plunger rods 4 of the piston 12 moves into the pressurizing cavity 16, and the other side of the plunger rods 4 moves out of the pressurizing cavity 16, and the piston 4 is alternately driven to slide into the pressurizing cavity 16, thereby realizing continuous output of pressurizing liquid.

According to the embodiment, the hydraulic driving type double-acting supercharging structure is adopted, the supercharging is carried out through Pascal principle conversion, the liquid outlet amount of a single stroke is large, the abrasion of moving parts can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the booster pump is prolonged.

Further, a three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve (not shown) is arranged between the external hydraulic source and the cylinder body 20, and hydraulic oil is controlled to enter and exit through the external three-position four-way electro-hydraulic reversing valve.

The shape of the heat insulation container 3 under this embodiment is concave, two protruding parts protruding upwards are formed, two pressurizing members 20 are respectively arranged on the two protruding parts, the two pressurizing members 20 are mutually symmetrical, a cylinder body 19 is arranged between the two pressurizing members 20, two ends of the cylinder body 19 are fixedly connected with the pressurizing members 20 in a sealing way, and the two pressurizing members 20 support the cylinder body 19, so that the integration level of the whole system is improved, and the occupied area required by the system is reduced.

Further, a channel for the plunger rod 4 to enter is formed on the pressurizing element 20, the channel is communicated with the pressurizing cavity 16, a packing box 5 is arranged between the channel and the plunger rod 4, the packing box 5 is used for sealing a gap between the plunger rod 4 and the channel, low-temperature high-pressure fluid in the pressurizing cavity 16 is prevented from leaking into the external environment, and the packing box 5 also has certain elasticity and wear resistance, can adapt to the movement of the plunger rod 4 and keeps the sealing effect.

Further, the support ring 10 is arranged in the channel, the support ring 10 supports the plunger rod 4, the main function of the support ring 10 is to enhance the structural stability of the plunger rod 4 in the pressurizing process, and as the plunger rod 4 needs to bear larger pressure and axial force in the pressurizing process, if not enough support is provided, the plunger rod 4 can shake or deform to influence the pressurizing effect when bearing the pressure. The presence of the support ring 10 effectively prevents this, ensuring that the plunger rod 4 remains in a linear motion under high pressure, and the support ring 10 is made of a material having the same or similar expansion coefficient as the plunger rod 4, the choice of which ensures similar deformation under operating conditions, thus allowing the support ring 10 to have an effect of enhancing structural stability even at low temperatures.

Further, the hydraulic oil pump further comprises a coaxial sealing ring 9 arranged between the channel and the plunger rod 4, the coaxial sealing ring 9 is arranged on one side of the channel, close to the cylinder body 19, the coaxial sealing ring 9 ensures the tightness between the oil cylinder and the air cylinder, prevents the mixing or leakage between hydraulic oil and low-temperature fluid, and ensures the normal operation of the pressurizing system.

Further, as another embodiment of the hydraulic driving mechanism, the hydraulic driving mechanism is a cylinder with the number corresponding to that of the plunger rods 4, the cylinders are driven by an external hydraulic source, the output ends of the cylinders are connected with the plunger rods 4, and when the pressure is increased, an operator can alternatively drive the cylinders to work, so as to realize that the plunger rods 4 are alternatively driven to slide towards the inside of the pressurizing cavity 16.

Further, the heat exchanger further comprises a subcooler 17, the subcooler 17 is arranged in the heat insulation container 3 and is immersed by low-temperature liquid, one end of the subcooler 17 is connected with the input ends of the plurality of pressurizing cavities 16 in parallel through a pipeline, the other end of the subcooler 17 is connected with an external fluid source pipeline, the subcooler 17 can be an existing heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is preferably a spiral tube type heat exchanger, fluid needs to flow through the subcooler 17 before entering the pressurizing cavities 16, and under the action of the subcooler 17, the low-temperature liquid in the heat insulation container 3 exchanges heat with the fluid, and the fluid is precooled; during pressurization of the cryogenic fluid, part of the liquid may gasify due to the increase in pressure and the increase in temperature. By pre-supercooling the fluid, the gasification rate of the fluid in the pressurizing process can be reduced, and the influence of gas generated by gasification on a system is reduced.

Further, a liquid inlet regulating valve 13 is further arranged between the subcooler 17 and the input end of the pressurizing cavity 16, and the gas content of the liquid in the low-temperature fluid pipeline is high in the initial stage of starting the pressurizing system. At this time, the liquid inlet regulating valve 13 is opened to discharge the liquid with higher air content out of the system, so as to reduce the problems caused by gasification in the subsequent pressurizing process, such as pressure fluctuation or pump body damage.

Further, the device also comprises an accumulator 18, the input end of the accumulator 18 is connected with the output end of the pressurizing cavity 16 through a pipeline, the pressurized ultrahigh pressure fluid enters the accumulator 18 through the liquid outlet end of the pressurizing cavity 16, the main function of the accumulator 18 is to reduce the pressure fluctuation of the high pressure medium discharged by the pressurizing cavity 16, in addition, in order to further reduce the air content of the high pressure low temperature fluid, part of compression heat in the compression process is taken away, and the accumulator 18 is also placed in the heat insulation container 3 and immersed by the low temperature liquid.

In order to realize the unidirectional input of the input end of the pressurizing cavity 16 and the unidirectional output of the output end, the device further comprises a liquid inlet unidirectional valve 14 and a liquid outlet unidirectional valve 15, wherein the liquid inlet unidirectional valve 14 is arranged between the input end of each pressurizing cavity 16 and the subcooler 17, and the liquid outlet unidirectional valve 15 is arranged at the outlet of the output end of each pressurizing cavity 16, so that the unidirectional input and unidirectional output of fluid of the pressurizing cavity 16 are realized.

Further, the heat insulation container 3 is a semi-open low-temperature container, so that the saturation temperature of low-temperature liquid under the atmospheric pressure can be supplied, the energy accumulator 18, the subcooler 17 and the pressurizing cavity 16 are provided with cold energy, the heat insulation container 3 is further provided with the liquid level meter 2 and the automatic liquid supplementing valve 1, the automatic liquid supplementing valve 1 is connected with an external low-temperature liquid source pipeline, and the liquid level meter 2 can monitor the liquid level of the low-temperature liquid in the heat insulation container 3 and automatically supplement the liquid through the automatic liquid supplementing valve 1.

While the invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A super-pressure low-temperature fluid pressurizing system is characterized by comprising a hydraulic driving mechanism, a pressurizing piece and an insulating container, wherein the pressurizing piece is provided with more than two pressurizing cavities, each pressurizing cavity is provided with an input end for inputting fluid in one direction and an output end for outputting fluid in one direction, plunger rods are connected to the pressurizing piece in a sealing mode, the plunger rods can slide inwards or outwards along the pressurizing cavities to reduce or increase the volume of the pressurizing cavities, low-temperature liquid is stored in the insulating container, the pressurizing cavities of the pressurizing piece are all located in the insulating container and are immersed by the low-temperature liquid, and the hydraulic driving mechanism is connected with a plurality of plunger rods and can alternately drive the plunger rods to slide towards the interiors of the pressurizing cavities, so that the fluid in each pressurizing cavity is pressurized alternately.

2. The ultra-high pressure cryogenic fluid pressurizing system of claim 1, wherein the pressurizing member has two hydraulic drive mechanisms comprising a cylinder connected to an external hydraulic source, a piston slidably disposed within the cylinder, the piston connected to plunger rods of the two pressurizing members, the external hydraulic source driving the piston to reciprocate to alternately drive the plunger rods to slide inwardly of the pressurizing chamber.

3. The ultra-high pressure low-temperature fluid pressurizing system according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic driving mechanism is a plurality of cylinders correspondingly connected with the plunger rods, and the cylinders are alternately driven to work, so that the plunger rods are alternately driven to slide into the pressurizing cavity.

4. The ultra-high pressure cryogenic fluid pressurization system of claim 2, wherein the pressurization member defines a passageway for the plunger rod to enter, the passageway being in communication with the pressurization chamber.

5. The ultra-high pressure cryogenic fluid pressurization system of claim 4, wherein a stuffing box is disposed within the channel, the stuffing box being positioned between the plunger rod and the channel.

6. The ultra-high pressure cryogenic fluid pressurization system of claim 4, wherein a support ring is disposed within the channel, the support ring supporting the plunger rod, the support ring being made of a material having a coefficient of expansion that is the same as or similar to the coefficient of expansion of the plunger rod.

7. The ultra-high pressure low-temperature fluid pressurizing system according to claim 4, wherein the two ends of the cylinder are fixedly and hermetically connected with the pressurizing member, and a coaxial sealing ring is arranged on one side of the channel close to the cylinder to prevent hydraulic oil from entering the pressurizing cavity through the channel.

8. The ultra-high pressure low-temperature fluid pressurizing system according to claim 1, wherein a subcooler immersed by the low-temperature liquid is further arranged in the heat-insulating container, one end of the subcooler is connected with the input ends of the pressurizing chambers in parallel through a pipeline, and the other end of the subcooler is connected with an external fluid source pipeline.

9. The ultra-high pressure low-temperature fluid pressurization system according to claim 8, wherein a liquid inlet regulating valve is further arranged between the subcooler and the input end of the pressurization cavity, and the liquid inlet regulating valve is used for discharging the fluid with higher air content out of the system.

10. The ultra-high pressure, low temperature fluid pressurization system of claim 1, further comprising an accumulator having an input end in communication with an output end of the pressurization chamber to reduce pressure fluctuations of the high pressure fluid exiting the pressurization chamber.