CN119162530A - Aluminum alloy-plated copper workpiece and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy-plated copper workpiece and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN119162530A CN119162530A CN202411660239.1A CN202411660239A CN119162530A CN 119162530 A CN119162530 A CN 119162530A CN 202411660239 A CN202411660239 A CN 202411660239A CN 119162530 A CN119162530 A CN 119162530A
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- Prior art keywords
- aluminum alloy
- copper workpiece
- copper
- aluminum
- plating
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 36
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241001163841 Albugo ipomoeae-panduratae Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000024121 nodulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyltriethoxysilane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC MSRJTTSHWYDFIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
- C23C2/026—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. adhesion layers or pre-applied alloying elements or corrosion protection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/023—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
- H01B1/026—Alloys based on copper
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/0009—Details relating to the conductive cores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/20—Use of solutions containing silanes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy copper workpiece, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy copper workpiece comprises a copper workpiece substrate and an aluminum alloy coating coated on the copper workpiece substrate, the aluminum alloy coating comprises, by mass, 0.1% -13.0% of silicon, 0.3% -5.0% of magnesium, 0.1% -0.4% of rare earth elements, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, and the rare earth elements comprise cerium and lanthanum in a mass ratio of 1:25-2:1. The preparation method comprises the following steps of cleaning a copper workpiece substrate, putting the copper workpiece substrate into a plating assistant agent, taking out, drying, preheating, and putting the copper workpiece substrate into aluminum alloy liquid for hot dip plating to obtain an aluminum alloy copper workpiece. The aluminum alloy copper workpiece has the advantages of good conductivity, easiness in welding, low contact resistance, light weight of the aluminum material and low cost, and can simply realize the safe connection of the aluminum wire and the workpiece.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal materials, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy copper workpiece, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the development process of the power system, cost reduction and efficiency improvement are always pursuing directions, and copper alloy cables are commonly used in the market nowadays. Compared with copper alloy cables, the aluminum alloy cable has the advantages of being low in cost, easy to process, convenient to install, good in transmission performance and the like, the cost of the aluminum alloy cable can be reduced by 20% -40%, the weight of the aluminum alloy cable can be reduced by 3.3 times, and the safety current-carrying capacity, the conductivity, the safety and the conductor resistivity of the aluminum alloy cable can be completely equivalent to those of the traditional copper wire cable. However, in the whole power system, most of the workpieces are made of copper or copper alloy, such as an alternating current switch and an alternating current wiring terminal in an inverter and a power distribution cabinet. If an aluminum alloy cable is used, when conductors made of copper and aluminum are directly connected, on one hand, due to the difference of the elastic modulus and the thermal expansion coefficient of the copper and the aluminum, a larger gap is generated at a contact point to cause poor contact due to repeated cold and hot cycles (power on and power off), on the other hand, the electrode potential (-1.66V) of the aluminum is lower, electrons are easy to lose and become a negative electrode, the standard electrode potential (+ 0.337V to +0.521V) of the copper is high, electrons are difficult to lose and become a positive electrode, and when the electrochemical primary cell structure is formed when the electrochemical primary cell structure is combined with CO 2 in water and air, the aluminum material is gradually subjected to electrochemical corrosion, the mechanical strength and the conductivity are rapidly reduced, and the contact resistance between the copper and the aluminum is increased and poor contact is caused. Particularly, when current passes through, the temperature rise can lead to corrosion acceleration and even smoke, burning and other accidents.
At present, methods such as copper-aluminum transition connecting pipes, metal pins, secondary zinc dipping and the like are often used for solving the problem of direct connection of copper-aluminum cables. The copper-aluminum transition connecting pipe and the metal pin method adopt a copper-aluminum contact surface welding method to enable copper materials and aluminum materials to be longitudinally distributed to realize connection of copper wires and aluminum wires, so that miniaturization cannot be realized due to technological reasons, material loss is more in the operation process, and a welding seam is easy to corrode and break after being wetted. The secondary zinc dipping method is a method that firstly, an aluminum wire clamp is used for stripping a wire insulation wrapping layer by 15-25 mm, the aluminum wire head is subjected to tin coating pretreatment, and then the aluminum wire head is connected with a copper cable.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to solve the problems that electrochemical corrosion occurs when conductors made of copper and aluminum are connected, poor contact is caused, the copper workpiece is easy to damage after being wetted and the like in the prior art, so that the aluminum alloy copper workpiece and the preparation method and the application thereof are provided.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
The invention provides an aluminum alloy copper workpiece, which comprises a copper workpiece substrate and an aluminum alloy coating coated on the copper workpiece substrate, wherein the aluminum alloy coating comprises, by mass, 0.1% -13.0% of silicon, 0.3% -5.0% of magnesium, 0.1% -0.4% of rare earth elements, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, and the rare earth elements comprise cerium and lanthanum in a mass ratio of 1:25-2:1.
Optionally, the aluminum alloy coating also comprises a silane coating coated on the aluminum alloy coating, wherein the thickness of the silane coating is 1-2 mu m.
Optionally, the thickness of the aluminum alloy plating layer is 15-80 mu m.
Preferably, the aluminum alloy plating layer comprises 0.1 percent of rare earth elements by mass percent, wherein the rare earth elements comprise cerium and lanthanum in a mass ratio of 2:1.
Optionally, the copper workpiece substrate comprises any one of a junction nose and a transition wire clamp, wherein the transition wire clamp comprises a bolt type transition wire clamp. The copper workpiece substrate used in the invention is not limited in size, and can be selected according to the required working condition.
Optionally, when in use, the aluminum alloy copper workpiece is connected with the aluminum conductor, and the connecting part of the aluminum alloy copper workpiece and the aluminum conductor is coated with an organic antioxidant layer, so that the sealing performance, the antioxidant and the galvanic corrosion resistance of the interface after copper-aluminum contact can be enhanced, and the safety of cable installation can be effectively ensured. The connection between the aluminum alloy copper workpiece and the copper conductor is not particularly limited, but typically, but not limited to, the aluminum alloy copper workpiece is connected to a copper conductor end by using a tin-plated copper connector commonly used in the industry, and the workpiece is inserted into the tin-plated copper connector for use.
Optionally, the organic antioxidant layer comprises at least one of an epoxy resin layer, a polyurethane layer, a phenolic resin layer and an acrylic layer.
Optionally, the thickness of the organic antioxidation layer is 10-100 μm.
Optionally, when the copper workpiece substrate includes a junction nose, the area of the aluminum alloy plating layer on the junction nose occupies 1% -25% of the total surface area of the junction nose.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the aluminum alloy copper workpiece, which comprises the following steps of S1, cleaning a copper workpiece substrate, putting the copper workpiece substrate into a plating assistant agent, taking out the copper workpiece, drying the copper workpiece to obtain a copper workpiece attached with the plating assistant layer, and S2, preheating the copper workpiece attached with the plating assistant layer, and putting the copper workpiece into aluminum alloy liquid for hot dip plating to obtain the aluminum alloy copper workpiece.
Optionally, the aluminum alloy liquid comprises, by mass, 0.1% -13.0% of silicon, 0.3% -5.0% of magnesium, 0.1% -0.4% of rare earth elements and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the rare earth elements comprise cerium and lanthanum in a mass ratio of 1:25-2:1.
Optionally, the hot dip coating temperature is 670-750 ℃ and the time is 4-8 s.
Optionally, in the step S2, the preheating temperature is 200-300 ℃ and the preheating time is 10-30 min.
Optionally, in the step S2, the copper workpiece after hot dip plating is soaked in a silane coupling agent solution, dried and cured.
Optionally, in S1, the plating assistant includes at least one of NH 4 Cl solution, znCl 2 solution, KF solution, and K 2ZrF6 solution.
Optionally, the mass concentration of the plating assistant agent is 0.5% -12%.
Optionally, the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent solution is 12% -16%, and the pH is 3-5.
Optionally, the solvent of the silane coupling agent solution comprises at least one of absolute ethyl alcohol, water and acetic acid. The preparation method of the silane coupling agent solution comprises the following steps of mixing 150 mL absolute ethyl alcohol and 50 mL deionized water, adding a silane coupling agent and acetic acid, controlling the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent solution to be 14%, then guaranteeing the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent solution to be 12% -16%, adjusting the pH value to be 3-5, and hydrolyzing for 20-28 hours at the rotating speed of 240-320 r/min to obtain the completely hydrolyzed silane coupling agent solution.
Optionally, the soaking time is 8-15 min.
Optionally, the curing temperature is 100-140 ℃ and the curing time is 1.5-3 hours.
Preferably, the hot dip coating temperature is 680-700 ℃.
Optionally, in the step S1, the cleaned copper workpiece substrate is placed in a plating assistant agent at a temperature of 30-60 ℃ for 2-4 min.
Optionally, the plating assistant comprises 10% -12% of NH 4 Cl solution, 10% -12% of ZnCl 2 solution, 1% -6% of KF solution, 1.5% -1.8% of KF, 3% -3.5% of NH 4 Cl mixed solution, 0.5% -1% of KF, 5% -6% of NH 4 Cl mixed solution, 1.5% -1.8% of KF, 5% -5.5% of ZnCl 2 mixed solution, 1% -1.2% of KF, 7% -8% of ZnCl 2 mixed solution, or 4.2% -5.2% of K 2ZrF6 solution.
Optionally, in S1, cleaning the copper workpiece substrate includes sequentially performing alkaline cleaning and acid cleaning on the copper workpiece substrate. Typically, but not limited to, after alkaline washing, the method further comprises a water washing step before acid washing, and after acid washing, the method further comprises a water washing step before the plating assistant agent is put in the plating assistant agent.
Optionally, in the step S1, the drying temperature is 100-140 ℃. Typically, in S1, the drying includes two steps, the first step includes hot air drying, and the second step includes heat drying. In order to avoid precipitation of the plating assistant agent after the plating assistant layer is adhered, the surface of the plating assistant agent is quickly dried by hot air, and then the plating assistant agent is thoroughly dried.
Optionally, when in use, the method further comprises the step of coating an organic oxidation resistant layer at the joint of the aluminum alloy copper workpiece and the aluminum conductor after the aluminum alloy copper workpiece and the aluminum conductor are connected.
Optionally, in the step S1, the cleaned copper workpiece substrate is placed into KF solution with a mass concentration of 2% of 40-50 ℃ for 3 min, and then taken out.
Optionally, the pickling temperature is 40-60 ℃ and the pickling time is 1-3 min.
Optionally, the acid solution used for pickling comprises any one of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
Optionally, the concentration of the acid solution used for acid washing is 13-20 g/L. For example, the acid used for the acid wash may be, but is not limited to, 13 g/L sulfuric acid, 15 g/L sulfuric acid, 18 g/L sulfuric acid, 16 g/L hydrochloric acid, 18 g/L hydrochloric acid, 20g/L hydrochloric acid, 16 g/L nitric acid, 18 g/L nitric acid, 20g/L nitric acid, and the like.
Optionally, the pH of the alkaline washing liquid used for alkaline washing is 9-12, the alkaline washing temperature is 50-65 ℃ and the time is 25-35 min. The specific formulation of the alkaline washing liquid is not strictly limited, but the low alkaline content can lead to low efficiency and poor degreasing effect, and the high alkaline content can lead the generated soap to form insoluble calcium soap and magnesium soap with calcium, magnesium and the like in water, deposit on the surface of copper and are difficult to wash out by water, and can be neutralized by acid to form an oil film of fatty acid during subsequent pickling, so that the pickling effect is poor. Typically, without limitation, the alkaline washing liquid comprises 10 g/L NaOH、25 g/L Na2CO3、55 g/L Na3PO4·12H2O、10 g/L Na2SiO3 and 3-5 g/L of surfactant NP-10 (nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether).
The invention also provides an application of the aluminum alloy copper workpiece or the aluminum alloy copper workpiece prepared by the preparation method in a power line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The aluminum alloy copper workpiece comprises a copper workpiece substrate, an aluminum alloy coating coated on the copper workpiece substrate, wherein the aluminum alloy coating comprises, by mass, 0.1% -13.0% of silicon, 0.3% -5.0% of magnesium, 0.1% -0.4% of rare earth elements, and the balance of aluminum and unavoidable impurities, and the rare earth elements comprise cerium and lanthanum in a mass ratio of 1:25-2:1. The aluminum alloy copper workpiece has the advantages of good conductivity of copper materials, easiness in welding, low contact resistance, light weight of aluminum materials and low cost, can effectively solve the problem of electrochemical corrosion caused by direct connection of copper and aluminum cables, and can simply realize safe connection of aluminum wires and workpieces.
Si, mg and rare earth elements Ce and La are added into the coating, si can form a flaky Si structure in the coating to refine grains, mg can form Al 2Cu、Al2 CuMg alloy with Cu and Al to refine the coating grains and reduce primary cell potential difference in the coating, on the other hand, the corrosion resistance of the coating can be enhanced, a compact corrosion product layer can be formed on the surface of the coating, the corrosion product layer can isolate O, cl elements in the environment from entering the coating, the rare earth elements Ce and La can form a protective layer on the surface of molten liquid to prevent the formation of Al 2O3, purify the molten liquid and improve the wettability of the molten liquid on the surface of steel, and meanwhile, the formation of Al 2O3 is prevented to refine grains, so that the pinhole plating leakage phenomenon on the surface of an aluminum alloy layer on the surface of a copper strip can be improved. The addition of Si, mg and rare earth elements Ce and La can relieve the phenomena of coarse grains and pinhole missed plating possibly occurring in the pure aluminum plating, wherein the coarse grains are caused by the fact that Al 2O3 particles formed in the hot-dip plating process reduce the wettability of aluminum liquid, and the pinhole missed plating phenomena are caused by the fact that hydrogen absorbed in aluminum is released, and can influence the corrosion resistance of the plating.
The aluminum alloy copper workpiece provided by the invention further comprises a silane coating coated on the aluminum alloy coating. The silane coating is used as a passivation layer, so that the corrosion resistance of the workpiece is further improved, the workpiece can resist a harsher corrosion environment, and the service life of the workpiece can be prolonged to a certain extent.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy copper workpiece comprises the following steps of S1, cleaning a copper workpiece substrate, putting the copper workpiece substrate into a plating assistant agent, taking out the copper workpiece substrate, drying the copper workpiece substrate to obtain a copper workpiece attached with a plating assistant layer, and S2, preheating the copper workpiece attached with the plating assistant layer, and putting the copper workpiece into aluminum alloy liquid for hot dip plating to obtain the aluminum alloy copper workpiece. The preparation process is simple, the professional requirements on personnel are low, the material loss in the preparation process is low, and the miniaturized preparation is easy to carry out. The hot dip coating process is used for preparing the aluminum alloy coating, expensive manufacturing equipment is not needed, the process processing amount is small, waste of aluminum alloy liquid is not easy to cause, the thickness of the coating is uniform and controllable, the coating has good corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, and the problems of fracture at the joint and the like are not easy to occur.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a copper lug used in an embodiment of the present invention;
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-coating an aluminum alloy coating area and 2-not coating an aluminum alloy coating area.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and are not limited to the preferred embodiments described herein, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, any product which is the same or similar to the present invention, whether in light of the present teachings or in combination with other prior art features, falls within the scope of the present invention.
The specific experimental procedures or conditions are not noted in the examples and may be followed by the operations or conditions of conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in this field. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional reagent products commercially available without the manufacturer's knowledge.
Experimental medicine:
silane coupling agent n-Octyl Triethoxysilane (OTES).
Example 1
The embodiment provides an aluminum alloy copper workpiece and a preparation method thereof, wherein a copper workpiece substrate is a copper wiring nose shown in figure 1, a dotted line frame is a coating aluminum alloy coating area 1, the rest is an uncoated aluminum alloy coating area 2, an alkaline washing liquid is 1000 mL alkaline washing liquid containing 10 g/L NaOH、25 g/L Na2CO3、55 g/L Na3PO4·12H2O、10 g/L Na2SiO3 and 4g/L surfactant NP-10, pH is 10, an acid washing liquid is 15 g/L H 2SO4, a plating aid is 2wt% KF solution, the aluminum alloy liquid comprises 8% of silicon, 2% of magnesium, 0.1% of rare earth element (wherein the mass ratio of cerium to lanthanum is 2:1), the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities, the preparation method of the silane coupling agent solution comprises the steps of mixing 150mL absolute ethyl alcohol and 50mL deionized water, adding a silane coupling agent and acetic acid, controlling the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent solution to be 14%, adjusting the pH to be 4, and hydrolyzing H at 280 r/min to obtain a completely hydrolyzed silane coupling agent solution. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The copper wire nose coated with the aluminum alloy plating layer area 1 shown in fig. 1 (the subsequent treatment of the copper wire nose is only the treatment of the copper wire nose) is immersed in alkaline washing liquid, immersed in 30min at 55 ℃, washed with clear water, immersed in pickling liquid at 50 ℃ for 2min, washed with clear water, immersed in plating assistant agent at 45 ℃ for 3 min, taken out, dried by hot air to rapidly dry the surface, and then transferred to a drying box to be thoroughly dried at 120 ℃ to obtain the copper wire nose attached with the plating assistant layer.
(2) The copper lug with the auxiliary coating is preheated at 230 ℃ for 15min, and is put into aluminum alloy liquid for hot dip plating at 690 ℃ for 6 s, so that the copper lug coated with the aluminum alloy coating is obtained.
(3) And immersing the copper wiring nose coated with the aluminum alloy coating in a silane coupling agent solution for 10 min, taking out, drying, and putting into a drying box at 120 ℃ for curing for 2h to obtain the aluminum alloy copper wiring nose.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an aluminum alloy copper workpiece and a preparation method thereof, wherein a copper workpiece substrate is a copper wiring nose shown in figure 1, a dotted line frame is a coating aluminum alloy coating area 1, the rest is an uncoated aluminum alloy coating area 2, an alkaline washing liquid is 1000mL, the alkaline washing liquid contains 10 g/L NaOH、25 g/L Na2CO3、55 g/L Na3PO4·12H2O、10 g/L Na2SiO3 and 4 g/L surfactant NP-10, the pH value is 10, an acid washing liquid is 18 g/L HCl, a plating assistant is 1wt% KF solution, the aluminum alloy liquid comprises 6% of silicon, 1% of magnesium, 0.3% of rare earth element (wherein the mass ratio of cerium to lanthanum is 1:2), the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities, the preparation method of the silane coupling agent solution comprises the steps of mixing 150 mL absolute ethyl alcohol and 50mL deionized water, adding a silane coupling agent and acetic acid, controlling the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent solution to be 14%, adjusting the pH value to be 4, and hydrolyzing the silane coupling agent solution to obtain a completely hydrolyzed silane coupling agent solution at 280 r/min at a speed of h. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The copper wire nose coated with the aluminum alloy plating layer area 1 shown in fig. 1 (the subsequent treatment of the copper wire nose is only the treatment of the copper wire nose) is immersed in alkaline washing liquid, soaked in 25 min ℃ at 65 ℃, washed by clear water, soaked in 1 min at 60 ℃ in pickling liquid, washed by clear water, immersed in plating assistant agent at 30 ℃ for 4 min, taken out, dried by hot air to rapidly dry the surface, and then transferred to a drying box to be thoroughly dried at 100 ℃ to obtain the copper wire nose attached with the plating assistant layer.
(2) The copper lug with the auxiliary coating is preheated at 200 ℃ for 30min, and is put into aluminum alloy liquid for hot dip plating at 680 ℃ for 8 s, so that the copper lug coated with the aluminum alloy coating is obtained.
(3) And immersing the copper wiring nose coated with the aluminum alloy coating in a silane coupling agent solution for 8 min, taking out, drying, and putting into a 100 ℃ drying box for curing for 3 h to obtain the aluminum alloy copper wiring nose.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an aluminum alloy copper workpiece and a preparation method thereof, wherein a copper workpiece substrate is a copper wiring nose shown in figure 1, a dotted line frame is a coating aluminum alloy coating area 1, the rest is an uncoated aluminum alloy coating area 2, an alkaline washing liquid is 1000 mL, the alkaline washing liquid contains 10 g/L NaOH、25 g/L Na2CO3、55 g/L Na3PO4·12H2O、10 g/L Na2SiO3 and 4g/L of surfactant NP-10, the pH value is 10, an acid washing liquid is 18 g/L of HNO 3, a plating aid is 4wt% of KF solution, the aluminum alloy liquid comprises 9% of silicon, 3% of magnesium and 0.2% of rare earth element (wherein the mass ratio of cerium to lanthanum is 1:1), the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities, the preparation method of the silane coupling agent solution comprises the steps of mixing 150 mL absolute ethyl alcohol, 50mL deionized water, adding a silane coupling agent and acetic acid, controlling the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent solution to be 14%, adjusting the pH value to be 4, and hydrolyzing h at a rotational speed of 280 r/min to obtain a completely hydrolyzed silane coupling agent solution. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The copper wire nose coated with the aluminum alloy plating layer area 1 shown in fig. 1 (the subsequent treatment of the copper wire nose is only the treatment of the copper wire nose) is immersed in alkaline washing liquid, soaked in 35-min at 50 ℃, washed by clear water, soaked in pickling liquid at 40 ℃ for 3-min, washed by clear water, immersed in plating assistant agent at 60 ℃ for 2-min, taken out, dried by hot air to rapidly dry the surface, and then transferred to a drying box to be thoroughly dried at 140 ℃ to obtain the copper wire nose attached with the plating assistant layer.
(2) The copper lug with the auxiliary coating is preheated at 300 ℃ for 10 min, and is put into aluminum alloy liquid for hot dip plating at 700 ℃ for 4 s, so that the copper lug coated with the aluminum alloy coating is obtained.
(3) And immersing the copper wiring nose coated with the aluminum alloy coating in a silane coupling agent solution for 15 min, taking out, drying, and putting into a 140 ℃ drying box for curing for 1.5 h to obtain the aluminum alloy copper wiring nose.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an aluminum alloy copper workpiece and a preparation method thereof, wherein a copper workpiece substrate is a copper wiring nose shown in figure 1, a dotted line frame is a coating aluminum alloy coating area 1, the rest is a non-coating aluminum alloy coating area 2, an alkaline washing liquid is an alkaline washing liquid containing 10 g/L NaOH、25 g/L Na2CO3、55 g/L Na3PO4·12H2O、10 g/L Na2SiO3 and 4 g/L surfactant NP-10, pH is 10, an acid washing liquid is 16 g/L HNO 3, a plating auxiliary agent is a mixed solution containing 1.8wt% KF and 3wt% NH 4 Cl, the aluminum alloy liquid comprises 0.1% of silicon, 5% of magnesium and 0.4% of rare earth elements (wherein the mass ratio of cerium to lanthanum is 1:25), the rest is aluminum and unavoidable impurities, the preparation method of the silane coupling agent solution comprises the steps of mixing 150 mL absolute ethyl alcohol, 50 mL deionized water, controlling the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent solution to be 14% and the pH to be 280 min, and regulating the pH to be 3, and hydrolyzing the silane coupling agent solution to obtain the silane coupling agent solution under the condition of g/h min. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The copper wire nose coated with the aluminum alloy plating layer area 1 shown in fig. 1 (the subsequent treatment of the copper wire nose is only the treatment of the copper wire nose) is immersed in alkaline washing liquid, immersed in 30 min at 55 ℃, washed with clear water, immersed in pickling liquid at 50 ℃ for 2 min, washed with clear water, immersed in plating assistant agent at 45 ℃ for 3min, taken out, dried by hot air to rapidly dry the surface, and then transferred to a drying box to be thoroughly dried at 120 ℃ to obtain the copper wire nose attached with the plating assistant layer.
(2) The copper lug with the auxiliary coating is preheated at 230 ℃ to 15min, and is put into aluminum alloy liquid to be hot dip plated at 750 ℃ to 4 s, so that the copper lug coated with the aluminum alloy coating is obtained.
(3) And immersing the copper wiring nose coated with the aluminum alloy coating in a silane coupling agent solution for 10 min, taking out, drying, and putting into a drying box at 120 ℃ for curing for 2h to obtain the aluminum alloy copper wiring nose.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an aluminum alloy copper workpiece and a preparation method thereof, wherein a copper workpiece substrate is shown as a copper wiring nose shown in figure 1, a dotted line frame is provided with an aluminum alloy coating region 1, the rest is an aluminum alloy coating region 2 which is not coated, an alkaline washing liquid is 1000: mL, the alkaline washing liquid contains 10 g/L NaOH、25 g/L Na2CO3、55 g/L Na3PO4·12H2O、10 g/L Na2SiO3 and 4 g/L surfactant NP-10, the pH value is 10, an acid washing liquid is 20 g/L HCl, a plating assistant is a mixed solution of 1.8wt% of KF and 5wt% of ZnCl 2, the aluminum alloy liquid comprises 13% of silicon, 0.3% of magnesium and 0.1% of rare earth element (wherein the mass ratio of cerium to lanthanum is 2:1), the rest is aluminum and unavoidable impurities, and the preparation method of the silane coupling agent solution comprises the steps of mixing 150: mL absolute ethyl alcohol, 50: mL deionized water, controlling the mass concentration of the silane coupling agent solution to be 14%, adjusting the pH value to be 280 min, and completely hydrolyzing the silane coupling agent solution at the pH value of 5:6283/6224. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) The copper wire nose coated with the aluminum alloy plating layer area 1 shown in fig. 1 (the subsequent treatment of the copper wire nose is only the treatment of the copper wire nose) is immersed in alkaline washing liquid, immersed in 30 min at 55 ℃, washed with clear water, immersed in pickling liquid at 50 ℃ for 2 min, washed with clear water, immersed in plating assistant agent at 45 ℃ for 3min, taken out, dried by hot air to rapidly dry the surface, and then transferred to a drying box to be thoroughly dried at 120 ℃ to obtain the copper wire nose attached with the plating assistant layer.
(2) The copper lug with the auxiliary coating is preheated at 230 ℃ to 15min, and is put into aluminum alloy liquid to be hot dip plated at 670 ℃ to 8 s, so that the copper lug coated with the aluminum alloy coating is obtained.
(3) And immersing the copper wiring nose coated with the aluminum alloy coating in a silane coupling agent solution for 10 min, taking out, drying, and putting into a drying box at 120 ℃ for curing for 2h to obtain the aluminum alloy copper wiring nose.
Example 6
This example provides an aluminized copper workpiece and a method of making the same, differing from example 1 only in that the silane coating is not clad.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides an aluminized copper workpiece and a method of producing the same, differing from example 5 only in that a pure aluminum metal liquid is used instead of an aluminum alloy liquid.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides an aluminum alloy copper workpiece and a method of producing the same, differing from example 5 only in that the aluminum alloy liquid is replaced with an equal amount of aluminum instead of silicon.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides an aluminum alloy copper workpiece and a method of producing the same, differing from example 5 only in that the aluminum alloy liquid is replaced with an equal amount of aluminum instead of magnesium.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides an aluminum alloy copper workpiece and a method for producing the same, differing from example 5 only in that the aluminum alloy liquid is substituted for the rare earth element with an equal amount of aluminum.
Test example 1
The thickness of the aluminum alloy plating layer or the aluminum plating layer on the copper work pieces prepared in examples and comparative examples was measured using a Quanta-200 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and the thickness of the silane coating layer on the copper work pieces prepared in examples and comparative examples was measured, and the data obtained are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Test example 2
The copper workpieces prepared in the examples and the comparative examples are connected with an aluminum cable, black epoxy resin with the thickness of 90 mu m is coated at the connection part, and the voltage drop and the pull-out force of the wiring terminal are tested, so that the current is resisted for a short time.
The judgment standard of the voltage drop and pull-out force of the connecting terminal is that the pull-out force is more than 200N, and the voltage drop is less than or equal to 0.5mV.
Short-term withstand current, terminal morphology was observed after current loading of 1 s using JB/T2436.2-1994 standard.
The results obtained are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the electrical properties and mechanical properties of the final products obtained in the examples are superior to those of the final products obtained in the comparative examples. The final product obtained in the example has low voltage and high pulling force, and after short-time tolerance, the phenomena of deformation, welding, fusing and wire stripping do not occur, while the final product obtained in the comparative example has high voltage drop and low pulling force, and the phenomena of deformation and wire stripping do not occur, but the phenomena of welding and fusing occur, so that the use effect is poor.
Test example 3
The copper workpieces prepared in the examples and the comparative examples were tested for corrosion resistance, strength and wear resistance, and surface smoothness and pinhole plating leakage were observed.
Smooth finish, smooth and even, optimal effect, uneven bumps, and worst nodulation effect.
The corrosion resistance is evaluated by adopting neutral salt fog, the salt fog test is carried out according to the national standard GB/T10125-2012 artificial atmosphere corrosion test salt fog test, the test temperature is 35+/-2 ℃, the NaCl concentration is 50+/-5 g/L, the time that the white rust area of a copper workpiece is more than 5% is recorded, the white rust area of the surface of an aluminum-plated or aluminum alloy copper workpiece after 120 h is required to be less than or equal to 5%, otherwise, the corrosion resistance is judged to be unqualified.
The strength and wear resistance grade are that the abrasion test is carried out by using a file under the same condition, and the abrasion test is divided into A, B, C grades, wherein A is the highest strength, the coating is free from peeling and cracking, B is inferior in strength, the coating is cracked and not peeled, C is low in strength, and the coating is cracked and peeled.
Pinhole plating leakage number, namely placing a sample under SEM for observation, adjusting focal length and magnification, wherein the magnification is generally 100-500 times, carefully observing the section of a plating layer, searching for pinholes or plating leakage positions, wherein the positions show as the interruption or the hollowness of the plating layer, and recording the number of the pinholes or plating leakage positions.
The results obtained are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the final product obtained in the examples has good finish, less pinhole skip plating, good corrosion resistance, white rust area >5% for more than 122h, up to 220h, and high strength and wear resistance, while the final product obtained in the comparative examples shows the occurrence of bumps and nodulation, pinhole skip plating, less corrosion resistance, white rust area >5% for less than 112h, and low strength and wear resistance. In the comparative example, the effect of the comparative example 1 using pure aluminum metal instead of aluminum alloy is the worst, the pinhole miss plating number is as high as 52 pinholes per m 2, and in the corrosion resistance test, the white rust area is more than 5% only for 95 hours. Whereas comparative example 2, in which the same amount of aluminum was used instead of silicon, comparative example 3, in which the same amount of aluminum was used instead of magnesium, comparative example 4, in which the same amount of aluminum was used instead of rare earth element, although the performance was better than comparative example 1, was inferior to the final product obtained in examples, each component was indispensable in the aluminum alloy plating layer of the present invention. In the embodiment, cerium and lanthanum containing 0.1% of rare earth elements in a mass ratio of 2:1 are used, the best effect of the embodiment 1 with the hot dip plating temperature in a preferred range is achieved, the number of pinhole miss-plating is 4/m 2, in the corrosion resistance test, the white rust area is more than 5% after 220 hours, and the strength and the wear resistance level can reach A. The hot dip plating temperatures of examples 2 and 3 were within the preferred range, but the rare earth element content was not preferably 0.1%, the performance was slightly inferior to that of example 1, and the number of pinhole skip plating was within 10 pinholes per m 2. The preparation parameters of examples 4 and 5 are not in the range of the preferred values, the performance is worse than that of examples 2 and 3, the number of pinhole plating leakage reaches more than 10 pinholes per m 2, and the time required for the white rust area to be more than 5 percent is reduced to 125h and 122h. The silane coating was not applied in example 6, which resulted in a partial decrease in corrosion resistance.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN119481864A (en) * | 2025-01-15 | 2025-02-18 | 金锢电气有限公司 | A high-strength, corrosion-resistant copper-aluminum welding process, copper-aluminum parallel groove wire clamp and production equipment |
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