CN119145402A

CN119145402A - Shear pile and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN119145402A
Application number: CN202411500713.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 缪海林; 王筠
Original assignee: Nanjing Huilian Building Materials Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Huilian Building Materials Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-10-25
Filing date: 2024-10-25
Publication date: 2024-12-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a shear pile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the shear pile comprises a pile body, a reinforcement cage arranged in the pile body, and a support plate, wherein the support plate is connected with the inner wall of the pile body and comprises a reinforcement mesh plate and a concrete plate, the reinforcement mesh plate is connected with the reinforcement cage, and the concrete plate is connected with the inner wall of the pile body; the backup pad distributes along pile body axial direction. The pile body is provided with the plurality of concrete plates which are connected with the inner wall of the pile body, so that the resistance of the pile body to soil shearing force can be remarkably improved, namely, the shearing bearing capacity (horizontal load resistance) and the bending rigidity of the pile body are improved, the number or the diameter of the pile body is reduced under the same condition, and the cost of the whole engineering is reduced. Compared with the traditional hollow pipe pile, the shear pile reduces the material consumption of the pile body on the premise of not reducing the shear performance by reasonably arranging the internal concrete plates, and achieves the dual aims of structural optimization and material saving. Therefore, the weight of the pile foundation is reduced while the shear strength is ensured, and convenience is provided for transportation and installation.

Description

Shear pile and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of precast piles, in particular to a shear pile and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the development of urban design and the pace of infrastructure construction, the height of buildings is continuously increased, and the requirements on foundation treatment technology are also increased. Traditional pile foundation technologies such as precast concrete piles, bored piles and the like often need to adopt larger pile diameters or more pile numbers to meet the bearing capacity requirements of structures in the face of complex geological conditions, especially in adverse environments such as high groundwater level, weak soil layers and the like. However, this method not only increases the engineering cost, but also may cause a series of problems such as increased construction difficulty and prolonged construction period due to the increase of the diameter of the pile body.

Among many foundation treatment methods, pile foundation technology is widely used due to its high bearing capacity and stability. However, conventional solid or hollow piles often need to have their shear resistance enhanced by increasing the cross-sectional area or number of piles when they are subjected to soil shear forces. Although this approach can solve the shearing problem to some extent, it inevitably results in excessive use of materials, increases engineering costs, and may cause unnecessary burden to the environment.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a shear pile and a preparation method thereof.

The invention provides a shear pile and a preparation method thereof, which adopts the following technical scheme:

The shear pile comprises a pile body, a reinforcement cage arranged in the pile body, and a supporting plate, wherein the supporting plate is connected with the inner wall of the pile body and comprises a reinforcement mesh plate and a concrete plate, the reinforcement mesh plate is connected with the reinforcement cage, the concrete plate is connected with the inner wall of the pile body, and the supporting plate is distributed along the axial direction of the pile body.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through setting up a plurality of concrete slabs in the pile body and link to each other with the pile body inner wall, can show the resistance ability that improves the pile body to soil shear force to reduce the quantity or the diameter of stake under the same condition, reduced the cost of whole engineering. Compared with the traditional hollow pipe pile, the shear pile reduces the material consumption of the pile body by reasonably arranging the internal concrete plates without sacrificing the shear performance, and achieves the dual aims of structural optimization and material saving. Therefore, the weight of the pile foundation is reduced while the shear strength is ensured, and convenience is provided for transportation and installation.

Preferably, the pile body has a rectangular or circular cross section.

Through the technical scheme, the pile body is of a rectangular or circular structure, so that the shear pile can be applied to commonly used tubular piles, square piles or other rectangular piles.

Preferably, the center of the concrete slab of the supporting plate is provided with a hole.

By the technical scheme, the support plate is allowed to be prepared by a centrifugal process, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the quality of the support plate is ensured. The existence of the holes is also beneficial to reducing the use of materials and the manufacturing cost, and simultaneously, the good shearing resistance is maintained, so that the pile body is economical and firm.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of the shear pile, which comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing a mould, and brushing a release agent on the mould;

S2, installing a reinforcement cage in a die and arranging a tension pulling end plate, wherein a plurality of groups of reinforcement mesh plates are further arranged on the reinforcement cage, and the reinforcement mesh plates and the reinforcement cage are bound together;

S3, arranging concrete in the mould, wherein the amount of the concrete at the positions of the reinforcing steel bar mesh plates is required to be larger than that of other areas when the concrete is arranged;

s4, pre-stress tensioning is carried out on the reinforcement cage according to the designed tensioning stress, and then locking and anchoring are carried out;

S5, after the die is closed, the die is integrally placed on a centrifugal machine for centrifugal molding treatment;

S6, after centrifugation is finished, completely pouring out residual slurry separated from the concrete;

S7, performing steam curing on the formed pile;

s8, placing the solid square piles which are well maintained for tensioning and demoulding.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through connecting the reinforcing bar otter board on the steel reinforcement cage, utilize concrete centrifugal forming's mode to form the backup pad on the reinforcing bar otter board with concrete centrifugal forming, this kind of mode has guaranteed the high quality of final product, adopts centrifugal forming technique with pile body and backup pad integrated into one piece especially for concrete distribution is more even, has improved the structural strength and the durability of shearing stake.

As the preferable mode of the invention, the step S2 also comprises the step of installing baffles, wherein the baffles are installed on two sides of the reinforced net plate, the diameter of each baffle is smaller than the inner diameter of the reinforced cage, and the distance between the periphery of each baffle and the reinforced cage is not smaller than the distance between the reinforced cage and the inner wall of the pile body.

Through the technical scheme, the design of installing the baffle plates on the two sides of the reinforcing steel bar mesh plate can effectively prevent concrete from overflowing in the pouring process, and the geometric dimension in the shear pile forming process is ensured to be accurate. The existence of the baffle also protects the reinforcing mesh plate, and deformation or displacement is avoided in the pouring process, so that the structural integrity of the shear pile is ensured.

As the preferable mode of the invention, the baffle plate is connected with the reinforcement cage through a stay rope and a lifting hook.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, baffle and steel reinforcement cage pass through stay cord and lifting hook connection, and such design is convenient for install, has improved production efficiency. The stay cord and the lifting hook connected mode have guaranteed the stability of baffle in the mould centrifugation in-process, prevent that it from droing or squinting because of external force effect.

Preferably, the baffle is made of high-temperature melting material.

Through the technical scheme, the baffle is made of high-temperature melted materials, and can be melted in the steaming process of the pile body.

s1, preparing a mould, and brushing a release agent on the mould;

S2, installing a reinforcement cage in a mould, and installing a tension pulling end plate, wherein a plurality of groups of precast concrete plates are distributed on the reinforcement cage along the length direction, each precast concrete plate comprises a reinforcement mesh plate and a concrete layer, the reinforcement mesh plates protrude to the periphery of the concrete layer, and the protruding reinforcement mesh plates and the reinforcement cage are bound together;

s3, arranging concrete in the mould;

S7, performing steam curing on the formed pile;

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, through precast concrete board and the mode that reinforcing bar otter board combined for the preparation of shear pile is more convenient high-efficient, can also control concrete quality in advance through precast concrete board's use, guarantees that the backup pad can be whole by the concrete cover, improves overall structure's uniformity and reliability.

Preferably, a certain distance is arranged between the periphery of the concrete layer and the reinforcement cage, and the distance is not smaller than the thickness from the reinforcement cage to the inner wall of the pile body.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, there is certain distance between concrete layer's periphery and the steel reinforcement cage, and this distance is not less than the thickness of steel reinforcement cage to pile body inner wall, guarantees that concrete layer does not occupy the space of pile body, does not influence the formation of pile body.

In the present invention, preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the concrete slab has a rugged structure, and the rugged structure is provided at a position near the edges of the front and rear surfaces of the concrete slab.

Through above-mentioned technical scheme, the rugged structure of concrete slab positive and negative edge department has increased the frictional force between board and the pile body, has improved the firmness of junction. The structural design can also improve the flowability of concrete, so that the concrete is more easily compacted in the pouring process, and the mechanical property of the shear pile is further improved.

In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. The invention provides a shear pile, which is characterized in that a plurality of concrete plates are arranged in a pile body and are connected with the inner wall of the pile body, so that the capacity of the pile body for resisting soil shear force is remarkably enhanced. Compared with the traditional pile foundation, the design reduces the amount of materials required by the pile body on the premise of not sacrificing the shearing performance, thereby effectively reducing the cost of the whole engineering while ensuring the structural strength. In addition, the weight of the shear pile is reduced, so that the shear pile is beneficial to the transportation and installation of pile foundations, meanwhile, the construction difficulty is reduced, and the construction period is shortened.

2. The shear pile realizes structural optimization by reasonably arranging the supporting plates in the pile body. The support plate consists of a reinforced net plate and a concrete plate, wherein the concrete plate is tightly combined with the inner wall of the pile body, and the reinforced net plate is connected with a reinforced cage in the pile body. The design not only ensures the shear strength, but also achieves the aim of saving resources by reducing unnecessary material use. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the supporting plates are introduced, the pile body is more stable and reliable in structure, material waste is reduced in the construction process, and positive significance is brought to environmental protection.

3. The preparation method of the shear pile adopts a mode of combining the precast concrete slab and the reinforcing steel bar mesh plate, so that the production process of the shear pile is more efficient and convenient. The use of precast concrete slab makes the quality of concrete control in the production stage, ensures that the backup pad can be covered by concrete completely, has improved overall structure's uniformity and reliability. In addition, by utilizing the centrifugal forming technology, the uniformity of concrete distribution can be realized, and the structural strength and durability of the shear pile are further improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a shear pile according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a pile manufacturing structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the mold is centrifuged.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a shear pile according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

The reference numerals comprise 1, pile body, 2, reinforcement cage, 3, support plate, 4, mould, 5, end plate, 6, precast concrete plate, 7, baffle, 31, concrete plate, 32, reinforcement net, 401, inner mould, 402, outer shell, 403, tension rod, 404 rolling ring, 405, first fixed end plate, 406, second fixed end plate, 407, tension end plate, 61 and concrete layer.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-5.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment discloses a shear pile, which includes a pile body 1 and a reinforcement cage 2 disposed in the pile body, and in this embodiment, the cross section of the pile body 1 is square. The pile body 1 is of a hollow structure in the middle, a supporting plate 3 is arranged in the hollow layer in the middle of the pile body 1, and the supporting plate 3 comprises a concrete slab 31 and a reinforcing steel bar net plate 32 embedded in the concrete slab 31. The steel bar mesh plate 32 stretches into the pile body 1 and is connected with the steel bar cage 2 in the pile body 1, and in the embodiment, the steel bar mesh plate 32 is connected with the steel bar cage 2 through binding. The concrete slab 31 is connected to the inner wall of the pile body 1, and in this embodiment, the concrete slab 31 and the pile body 1 are integrally formed.

In this embodiment, the support plates 3 are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the pile body, and the distance between two adjacent support plates 3 is determined according to design requirements. By arranging the plurality of support plates 3 in the pile body 1, the resistance of the pile body 1 to soil shearing force can be remarkably improved, so that the number or diameter of piles is reduced under the same condition, and the cost of the whole engineering is reduced. Compared with the traditional hollow tubular pile or hollow square pile, the shear pile of the embodiment reduces the material consumption of the pile body by reasonably arranging the internal supporting plates on the premise of not sacrificing the shear performance, and achieves the dual aims of structural optimization and material saving. Therefore, the weight of the pile foundation is reduced while the shear strength is ensured, and convenience is provided for transportation and installation.

Referring to fig. 2 to 4, a shear pile according to the present embodiment is prepared by:

S1, preparing a mold 4, and coating a release agent on the mold 4, wherein referring to fig. 2 and 3, the mold comprises an inner mold 401 and a shell 402, and the inner mold 401 and the shell 402 are welded through a rib plate. The cross section of the inner mold 401 is of a square structure, the cross section of the outer shell 402 is circular, an annular rolling ring 404 is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the outer shell 402, and the annular rolling ring 404 is used for being placed on a centrifugal machine for centrifugation.

The inner mold 401 comprises an upper mold and a lower mold which are symmetrical, the outer shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, and the upper shell and the lower shell can be locked and fixed by adopting locking bolts.

A first fixed end plate 405 and a second fixed end plate 406 are respectively arranged at two ends of the lower die, a tensioning end plate 407 is also arranged in the lower die 402, the tensioning end plates 407 are connected through tensioning rods 403, one ends of the tensioning rods 403 are connected with the tensioning end plates 407, and the other ends of the tensioning rods 403 penetrate through the second fixed end plates 406 close to the second fixed end plates for being connected with an external tensioning mechanism. The center of the first fixed end plate 405 is provided with an opening, and a plastic film plug is arranged on the opening. A spacer is applied to the upper and lower molds and the lower mold of the inner mold 401 and the tension end plates.

S2, installing the reinforcement cage 2 in a die and arranging a tension pulling end plate 407, wherein a plurality of groups of reinforcement mesh plates 32 are further arranged on the reinforcement cage 2, and the reinforcement mesh plates 32 are bound with the reinforcement cage 2, and the concrete steps are as follows:

S21, installing the reinforcing mesh plates 32 in the prepared reinforcing mesh plates 2 according to the number of the reinforcing mesh plates 32 to be installed, arranging a baffle plate 7 made of foam material in the front-rear direction of each reinforcing mesh plate 32, wherein the baffle plate made of foam material is round or square, the baffle plate 7 is not contacted with the reinforcing mesh plates 2, the distance between the periphery of the baffle plate 7 and the reinforcing mesh plates 2 is not smaller than the distance between the reinforcing mesh plates 2 and the inner wall of the pile body 1 (the baffle plate 7 is ensured not to influence the forming of the pile body 1 in the subsequent centrifugation process), and the baffle plate 7 is bound to the reinforcing mesh plates 2 through thin steel wires to complete fixation, and binding the reinforcing mesh plates 32 and the reinforcing mesh plates 2 to complete fixation of the reinforcing mesh plates 32 and the baffle plate 7.

S22, after the reinforcing mesh plate 32 and the baffle plate 7 are fixed, installing end plates 5 at two ends of the reinforcing cage 2, and hoisting the reinforcing cage 2 into a lower die for installation.

And S23, locking the end plates 5 at the two ends of the reinforcement cage 2 with the first fixed end plate 405 and the tensioning end plate 407 respectively.

And S3, distributing concrete in the die, uniformly distributing the concrete into the lower die through a concrete distributor, and when the concrete is distributed, the concrete quantity at the reinforced bar net plate 32 needs to be larger than that of other areas.

And S4, carrying out prestress tensioning on the reinforcement cage 2 according to the designed tensioning stress, and locking and anchoring.

S5, conveying the upper die to the upper side of the lower die through a crane, installing the upper die on the lower die, closing the upper die and the lower die, locking the whole die, and completing the closing. After the mold 4 is closed, the entire mold 4 is placed on a centrifuge, and centrifugal molding is performed.

and S7, carrying out steam curing on the formed pile, wherein a steam curing system can be determined according to the used raw materials and equipment condition tests, and the baffle plate 7 can be melted after steam curing.

S8, placing the well-maintained pile body for stretch releasing and demoulding.

Example 2:

Referring to fig. 5, the rest of the shear pile disclosed in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, except that in this embodiment, the preparation method of the support plate 3 is different from that in embodiment 1, and the preparation method of the shear pile in this embodiment adopts the following steps:

S21, installing precast concrete boards 6 in the prepared reinforcement cage 2 according to the number of the support boards 3 required by the shear pile design, wherein the precast concrete boards 6 comprise reinforcement mesh boards 32 and concrete layers 61. The mesh reinforcement plate 32 protrudes to the outer periphery of the concrete layer 61, and the mesh reinforcement plate 32 protruding to the outer periphery of the concrete layer 61 is bound with the reinforcement cage 2. The concrete layer 61 is round or square, and a certain distance is reserved between the periphery of the concrete layer 61 and the reinforcement cage, and the distance is required to be larger than the thickness from the reinforcement cage 2 to the inner wall of the pile body 1, so that the concrete layer 61 is ensured not to influence the formation of the pile body 1.

The outer peripheral surface of the concrete layer 61 is of an uneven structure, and the uneven structure is also arranged on the front and back sides of the concrete layer 61 close to the edges, so that the concrete is connected with the mixed concrete layer 61 in the subsequent centrifugation.

S22, after the precast concrete plates 6 are fixed, installing end plates 5 at two ends of the reinforcement cage 2, and hoisting the reinforcement cage 2 into a lower die for installation.

And S3, distributing concrete in the mould, uniformly distributing the concrete into the lower mould through a concrete spreader, and when the concrete is distributed, the amount of the concrete at the precast concrete slab 6 is slightly larger than that of other areas.

and S7, carrying out steam curing on the formed pile, wherein the steam curing system can be determined according to the used raw materials and equipment condition tests.

S8, placing the well-maintained pile body for stretch releasing and demoulding.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, so that the equivalent changes of the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A shear pile, comprising a pile body (1) and a steel cage (2) arranged in the pile body (1), characterized in that: it also comprises a support plate (3), the support plate (3) is connected to the inner wall of the pile body (1), the support plate (3) comprises a steel mesh plate (32) and a concrete plate (31), the steel mesh plate (32) is connected to the steel cage (2), and the concrete plate (31) is connected to the inner wall of the pile body (1); the support plate (3) is distributed along the axial direction of the pile body (1).

2. A shear pile according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-section of the pile body (1) is a rectangular or circular structure.

3. A shear pile according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a hole is provided in the center of the concrete plate (31) of the support plate (3).

4. A method for preparing a shear pile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

S1. Prepare the mold (4) and apply a release agent on the mold;

S2, installing the steel cage (2) in the mold (4) and installing a tensioning end plate (407), wherein a plurality of groups of steel mesh plates (32) are also arranged on the steel cage (2), and the steel mesh plates (32) are tied together with the steel cage (2);

S3, placing concrete in the mold (2), when placing the concrete, the amount of concrete at the steel mesh plate (32) needs to be greater than that in other areas;

S4, prestressing the steel cage (2) according to the designed tension stress, and then locking and anchoring it;

S5, after the mold is closed, the mold (4) is placed as a whole on a centrifuge for centrifugal molding;

S6. After centrifugation is completed, pour out all the remaining slurry from the concrete;

S7, steam curing the formed piles;

S8. Release and demould the cured shear piles.

5. A method for preparing a shear pile according to claim 4, characterized in that: step S2 also includes the step of installing a baffle (7), wherein the baffle (7) is installed on both sides of the steel mesh plate (32), and the distance between the outer periphery of the baffle (7) and the steel cage (2) is not less than the distance between the steel cage (2) and the inner wall of the pile body (1).

6. A method for preparing a shear pile according to claim 5, characterized in that the baffle (7) and the steel cage (2) are connected by a pull rope and a hook.

7. A method for preparing a shear pile according to claim 5, characterized in that: the baffle (7) is made of a material that melts at high temperature.

8. A method for preparing a shear pile according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

S1, preparing a mold (4) and applying a release agent on the mold (4);

S2, installing the steel cage (2) in the mold and placing a tensioning end plate (407), wherein a plurality of groups of precast concrete panels (6) are distributed on the steel cage (2) along the length direction, wherein the precast concrete panels (6) include a steel mesh panel (32) and a concrete layer (61), wherein the steel mesh panel (32) protrudes from the outer periphery of the concrete layer (61), and the protruding steel mesh panel (32) is tied together with the steel cage (2);

S3, placing concrete in the mold (4);

S5, after the mold (4) is closed, the mold (4) is placed as a whole on a centrifuge for centrifugal molding;

S7, steam curing the formed piles;

S8. Release and demould the cured shear piles.

9. A method for preparing a shear-resistant pile according to claim 8, characterized in that there is a certain distance between the outer periphery of the concrete layer (61) and the steel cage (2), and the distance is not less than the thickness from the steel cage (2) to the inner wall of the pile body (1).

10. A method for preparing a shear pile according to claim 9, characterized in that the outer peripheral surface of the concrete layer (61) is an uneven structure, and an uneven structure is also provided on the front and back surfaces of the concrete layer (61) near the edge.