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CN119143732A - Preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A - Google Patents

Preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119143732A
CN119143732A CN202411605130.8A CN202411605130A CN119143732A CN 119143732 A CN119143732 A CN 119143732A CN 202411605130 A CN202411605130 A CN 202411605130A CN 119143732 A CN119143732 A CN 119143732A
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lenalidomide
compound
preparation
impurity
solvent
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李智敏
黄通
王勇
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Guangzhou Keruite Pharmaceutical Co ltd
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Guangzhou Keruite Pharmaceutical Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drug impurity synthesis, in particular to a preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A, which comprises the following steps: (1) Heating lenalidomide and a compound 1 in a base and solvent system to perform cyclization reaction, and purifying by a column to obtain a compound 2, wherein the compound 1 is 2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester; (2) The compound 2 is reduced by an inorganic metal reducing agent and a Lewis acid system in an alcohol solvent and water system, and is concentrated, crystallized, filtered and dried to prepare the lenalidomide impurity A, the invention provides a simple and high-efficiency directional synthesis method of the lenalidomide impurity A, and the cost is low, the method is mild in condition, only uses lenalidomide and compound 1 (lenalidomide intermediate, 2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester) to be reduced after cyclization, and the lenalidomide impurity A prepared by the method is high in purity and can be used as an impurity reference substance for the quality study of lenalidomide.

Description

Preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drug impurity synthesis, in particular to a preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A.
Background
Lenalidomide (lenalidomide) is an anti-tumor and anti-tumor cell proliferation immunomodulating agent, can be used for treating multiple myeloma, mantle cell lymphoma and myelodysplastic syndrome, has the chemical name of 3- (4-amino-1-oxo-1, 3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl) piperidine-2, 6-dione, and has the chemical structure shown as follows:
the lenalidomide impurity A is one of important process impurities generated in the process of producing lenalidomide, plays an important role in controlling the quality of medicines of the lenalidomide, and is an important work in the process of developing medicines. The invention provides a method for directionally synthesizing lenalidomide impurity A, which is efficient and convenient, and the chemical structural formula of the lenalidomide impurity A is shown as follows:
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A.
The invention discloses a preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Heating lenalidomide and compound 1 (2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester) in a certain alkali/solvent system to carry out cyclization reaction, and purifying by a column to obtain a compound 2;
(2) Reducing the compound 2 in an alcohol solvent/water system by an inorganic metal reducing agent/Lewis acid system, concentrating, crystallizing, filtering and drying to obtain lenalidomide impurity A.
Preferably, the solvent in the step (1) is one or a combination of several of acetone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, N-dimethylformamide, N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and N-methylpyrrolidone.
It is further preferable that the solvent used in the step (1) is one selected from the group consisting of N, N-dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone.
Preferably, the alkali in the step (1) is one or a combination of several of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine and tributylamine.
Preferably, in the method of step (1), the molar feed ratio of the compound 1 to lenalidomide is 1-2:1.
Preferably, in the method of step (1), the reaction temperature is 50-80 ℃.
Preferably, the alcohol solvent used in the step (2) is selected from one or a combination of several of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol and n-propanol.
Further preferably, the solvent used in the step (2) is selected from one of methanol and ethanol.
Preferably, the inorganic metal reducing agent used in the step (2) is one of reduced iron powder and zinc powder, and the lewis acid is one of ammonium chloride, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, ammonium acetate and ammonium sulfate.
Preferably, in the method described in the step (2), the molar feed ratio of the inorganic metal reducing agent to the compound 2 is 2-6:1, and the molar feed ratio of the lewis acid to the compound 2 is 1-6:1.
Preferably, in the method of step (2), the reaction temperature is 70-90 ℃.
The invention provides a simple and efficient directional synthesis method of lenalidomide impurity A, which is low in cost and mild in condition, and is prepared by only using the cyclization of lenalidomide and a compound 1 (lenalidomide intermediate, 2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester) and then reducing the compound, and the lenalidomide impurity A prepared by the method is high in purity and can be used as an impurity reference substance for the quality study of the lenalidomide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a 1 H-NMR spectrum of lenalidomide impurity A;
FIG. 2 is a 13 C-NMR chart of lenalidomide impurity A;
FIG. 3 is an MS detection pattern of lenalidomide impurity A.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated and described below in connection with specific examples.
The invention discloses a preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A, which adopts the following synthetic route:
Example 1
The synthesis method of the compound 2 comprises the steps of sequentially adding 10g of lenalidomide (38.6 mmol), 10.6g of compound 1 (2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester) (38.6 mmol), 300mL of acetonitrile and 9g of sodium bicarbonate (107 mmol) into a 500mL three-port bottle, heating to 80 ℃ for reaction for 48 hours, evaporating the solvent, directly purifying the residue by a column, and purifying by the column by using methanol/dichloromethane as an eluent to obtain 9.5g of white solid which is the compound 2 with the purity of >98 percent and the yield of 59 percent.
Example 2
The synthesis method of the compound 2 comprises the steps of sequentially adding 10g of lenalidomide (38.6 mmol), 14g of compound 1 (2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester) (50 mmol), 100mL of N-methylpyrrolidone and 7.8g of triethylamine (77.2 mmol) into a 250mL three-port bottle, heating to 50 ℃ for 48 hours, evaporating the solvent, directly purifying the residue by a column, and purifying by the column by using methanol/dichloromethane as an eluent to obtain 12.7g of white solid, namely the compound 2 with the purity of >98% and the yield of 79%.
Example 3
The synthesis method of the compound 2 comprises the steps of sequentially adding 5g of lenalidomide (19.3 mmol), 10.6g of compound 1 (2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester) (38.6 mmol), 50mlNN g of dimethylacetamide and 4.0g of potassium carbonate (29 mmol) into a 200mL three-port bottle, heating to 60 ℃ for reaction for 36 hours, evaporating the solvent, directly purifying the residue by a column, and purifying by the column by using methanol/dichloromethane as an eluent to obtain 7.1g of white solid, namely the compound 2, wherein the purity is more than 98%, and the yield is 88%.
Example 4
The synthesis method of the compound 2 comprises the steps of sequentially adding 10g of lenalidomide (38.6 mmol), 14g of compound 1 (2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid methyl ester) (50 mmol), 300mL of acetonitrile and 9g of triethylamine (107 mmol) into a 200mL three-port bottle, heating to 75 ℃ to react for 48 hours, evaporating the solvent, directly purifying the residue through a column, and purifying the residue through the column by using methanol/dichloromethane as an eluent to obtain 9.1g of white solid, namely the compound 2 with the purity of >98 percent and the yield of 56 percent.
Example 5
The preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A comprises the steps of adding 4.2g of compound 2 (10 mmol), 3.2g of ammonium chloride (60 mmol), 100ml of ethanol and 20ml of water into a 250ml three-port bottle in sequence, stirring, adding 2.3g (41 mmol) of reducing iron powder, heating to 75 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours, filtering, concentrating filtrate to remove most of solvent, adding 30ml of water, stirring, filtering, and drying to obtain 3.0g of light yellow solid, namely lenalidomide A with purity of >98% and yield of 77%, wherein the data of 1H-NMR、13 C-NMR and MS (APCI) of the lenalidomide A refer to figures 1-3 are as follows:
1H-NMR(500MHz,DMSO-d6):δ10.98(s,1H);δ7.82(d,J=7.75Hz,1H);δ7.71(d, J=7.3Hz, 1H);δ7.62-7.66(m,1H);δ7.22-7.26(m,1H);δ6.98(d, J=7.35Hz, 1H);δ6.85(d, J=7.9Hz, 1H);δ5.55(s,2H); δ5.12-5.17(m,1H); δ4.85(d, J=16.8Hz, 1H); δ4.75(d, J=16.8Hz, 1H); δ4.44-4.54(m,2H); δ2.86-2.94(m,1H); δ2.55-2.59(m,1H); δ2.36-2.45(m,1H); δ1.96 -1.99(m,1H).
13C-NMR(125MHz,DMSO-d6):δ172.81,170.87,167.53,166.85,143.61,137.03,134.59,133.22,131.97,129.06,128.99,127.74,125.86,121.02,116.51,110.59,51.49,50.40,47.20,31.15,22.41.
MS(APCI):391.7(M+H)。
Example 6
The preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A comprises the steps of adding 4.2g of compound 2 (10 mmol), 0.54g of ammonium chloride (10 mmol), 100ml of ethanol and 20ml of water into a 250ml three-port bottle in sequence, stirring, adding 1.3g of zinc powder (20 mmol), heating to 80 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours, filtering, concentrating filtrate to remove most of solvent, adding 30ml of water, stirring, filtering, and drying to obtain 2.6g of light yellow solid, namely lenalidomide impurity A, wherein the purity is more than 98%, and the yield is 67%.
Example 7
The preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A comprises the steps of adding 4.2g of compound 2 (10 mmol), 2.0g of ammonium sulfate (15.1 mmol), 100ml of ethanol and 20ml of water into a 250ml three-port bottle in sequence, stirring, adding 1.3g of zinc powder (20 mmol), heating to 70 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours, filtering, concentrating filtrate to remove most of solvent, adding 30ml of water, stirring, filtering, and drying to obtain 2.3g of light yellow solid which is lenalidomide impurity A, wherein the purity is more than 98%, and the yield is 59%.
Example 8
The preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A comprises the steps of adding 4.2g of compound 2 (10 mmol), 2.0g of ammonium sulfate (15.1 mmol), 60ml of n-butanol and 20ml of water into a 250ml three-port bottle in sequence, stirring, adding 3.4g (60 mmol) of reducing iron powder, heating to 90 ℃ for reaction for 4 hours, filtering, separating filtrate, separating organic phase, directly concentrating the organic phase, evaporating solvent to obtain 2.7g of yellow solid, namely lenalidomide impurity A, wherein the purity is more than 98%, and the yield is 69%.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种来那度胺杂质A的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1. A method for preparing lenalidomide impurity A, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: (1)将来那度胺与化合物1,在碱和溶剂体系中加热,发生环合反应,再经过柱纯化,制得化合物2,所述化合物1为2-溴甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸甲酯;(1) heating lenalidomide and compound 1 in a base and solvent system to cause a cyclization reaction, and then purifying the mixture by a column to obtain compound 2, wherein compound 1 is methyl 2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoate; (2)将所述化合物2,在醇类溶剂和水体系中,经无机金属还原剂和路易斯酸体系还原,再经浓缩结晶过滤干燥,制得来那度胺杂质A;(2) reducing the compound 2 in an alcohol solvent and water system with an inorganic metal reducing agent and a Lewis acid system, and then concentrating, crystallizing, filtering and drying to obtain lenalidomide impurity A; 所述方法的反应式如下:The reaction formula of the method is as follows: . 2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中的碱和溶剂体系是指在有机溶剂中加入碱,其中:所述有机溶剂选自丙酮、乙腈、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基亚砜、N-甲基吡咯烷酮中的一种或几种;所述碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾、三乙胺、二异丙基乙基胺、三丁胺中的一种或几种。2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alkali and solvent system in the step (1) refers to adding a alkali to an organic solvent, wherein: the organic solvent is selected from one or more of acetone, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and N-methylpyrrolidone; the alkali is selected from one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, and tributylamine. 3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中的有机溶剂为N,N-二甲基乙酰胺或N-甲基吡咯烷酮。3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that the organic solvent in step (1) is N,N-dimethylacetamide or N-methylpyrrolidone. 4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中2-溴甲基-3-硝基苯甲酸甲酯与来那度胺的摩尔比为1~2:1。4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar ratio of methyl 2-bromomethyl-3-nitrobenzoate to lenalidomide in step (1) is 1 to 2:1. 5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)的反应温度为50~80℃。5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction temperature in step (1) is 50-80°C. 6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中的醇类溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、2-丁醇、正丙醇中的一种或几种。6. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the alcohol solvent in step (2) is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, 2-butanol, and n-propanol. 7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中的醇类溶剂为甲醇或乙醇。7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that the alcohol solvent in step (2) is methanol or ethanol. 8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中的无机金属还原剂选自还原性铁粉、锌粉中的一种;所述路易斯酸选自氯化铵、盐酸、乙酸、乙酸铵、硫酸铵中的一种。8. The preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the inorganic metal reducing agent in the step (2) is selected from one of reducing iron powder and zinc powder; and the Lewis acid is selected from one of ammonium chloride, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, ammonium acetate, and ammonium sulfate. 9.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中无机金属还原剂与化合物2的摩尔比为2~6:1,路易斯酸与化合物2的摩尔比为1~6:1。9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (2), the molar ratio of the inorganic metal reducing agent to the compound 2 is 2 to 6:1, and the molar ratio of the Lewis acid to the compound 2 is 1 to 6:1. 10.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)的反应温度为70~90℃。10. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction temperature of step (2) is 70-90°C.
CN202411605130.8A 2024-11-12 2024-11-12 Preparation method of lenalidomide impurity A Pending CN119143732A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110021567A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2011-01-27 Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. Preparation of lenalidomide
CN113956189A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-01-21 深圳菲斯生物科技有限公司 Preparation method of lenalidomide impurity D

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110021567A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2011-01-27 Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd. Preparation of lenalidomide
CN113956189A (en) * 2021-11-08 2022-01-21 深圳菲斯生物科技有限公司 Preparation method of lenalidomide impurity D

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PING LU ET AL.: "Identification and characterization of related substances in pomalidomide by hyphenated LC–MS techniques", 《JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS》, vol. 114, 22 May 2015 (2015-05-22), pages 159 - 167, XP029260153, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.05.018 *

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