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CN119123303B - Mobile spraying device and method for solidifying carbon dioxide on seabed - Google Patents

Mobile spraying device and method for solidifying carbon dioxide on seabed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN119123303B
CN119123303B CN202411280062.2A CN202411280062A CN119123303B CN 119123303 B CN119123303 B CN 119123303B CN 202411280062 A CN202411280062 A CN 202411280062A CN 119123303 B CN119123303 B CN 119123303B
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China
Prior art keywords
injection
hydrate
carbon dioxide
depth
inhibitor
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CN119123303A (en
Inventor
张军
刘文文
张津源
陈镭
潘哲君
曾佳
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Northeast Petroleum University
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Northeast Petroleum University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/021—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the height as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/005—Underground or underwater containers or vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0364—Pipes flexible or articulated, e.g. a hose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0376—Dispensing pistols
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0447—Composition; Humidity
    • F17C2250/0452—Concentration of a product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F17C2260/038—Detecting leaked fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/022—Mixing fluids identical fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0118—Offshore
    • F17C2270/0128—Storage in depth

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及的是用于固化二氧化碳于海床的移动喷射装置及移动喷射法，其中用于固化二氧化碳于海床的移动喷射装置包括船舶，船舶上设置CO2储罐、CO2冷却器、CO2泵、深度控制系统、CO2监测系统，深度控制室设置卷筒，钢丝绳一端固定于卷筒上，钢丝绳另一端固定于柔性软管上，深度控制器通过电缆连接声纳测深仪；CO2监控室设置监控控制器，监控控制器通过可收放的电缆连接CO2探测器；CO2喷射头包括喷射壳、喷射腔、喷射喷嘴、缓冲板、搅拌电机、抑制剂容器，喷射壳外设置环形的缓冲板，缓冲板位于喷射喷嘴上方，喷射腔内设置搅拌浆，喷射壳顶设置抑制剂容器，抑制剂容器底设置液位传感器。本发明封存CO2费用低。

The present invention relates to a mobile injection device and a mobile injection method for solidifying carbon dioxide on a seabed, wherein the mobile injection device for solidifying carbon dioxide on a seabed comprises a ship, a CO2 storage tank, a CO2 cooler, a CO2 pump, a depth control system, and a CO2 monitoring system are arranged on the ship, a reel is arranged in a depth control room, one end of a steel wire rope is fixed on the reel, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on a flexible hose, and the depth controller is connected to a sonar depth sounder through a cable; a monitoring controller is arranged in a CO2 monitoring room, and the monitoring controller is connected to a CO2 detector through a retractable cable; a CO2 injection head comprises an injection shell, an injection cavity, an injection nozzle, a buffer plate, a stirring motor, and an inhibitor container, an annular buffer plate is arranged outside the injection shell, the buffer plate is located above the injection nozzle, a stirring paddle is arranged in the injection cavity, an inhibitor container is arranged on the top of the injection shell, and a liquid level sensor is arranged at the bottom of the inhibitor container. The present invention has low cost for sealing CO2 .

Description

Mobile spraying device and method for solidifying carbon dioxide on seabed
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology for depositing solid carbon dioxide (CO 2) on the sea floor for sea floor sealing, in particular to a mobile spraying device and a mobile spraying method for solidifying carbon dioxide on the sea floor.
Background
Industrial activities such as burning fossil fuels aggravate the emission of CO 2 gas, and the rising of the content of CO 2 gas caused by the human factors slowly changes the natural development trend of the earth climate, and becomes a main cause of the climate warming of the world nowadays. Global warming will cause melting of the two pole icebergs or ice covers, thereby causing a series of catastrophic problems such as elevation of sea level and extinction of species.
Carbon capture technology is the capture of carbon dioxide from plant-exhausted exhaust gases by various methods and then properly handled or stored to prevent them from entering the atmosphere. The carbon dioxide submarine sealing is one of important ways for realizing carbon dioxide emission reduction, the offshore submarine geological structure is suitable for large-scale sealing, and the important emission reduction areas and industries are densely distributed in coastal cities, so that the method is a favorable position for storing CO 2. The construction and operation costs of CO 2 submarine geological sequestration are high, and the conventional cost reduction method is to use the existing oil and gas exploration data and equipment for site selection and engineering design of carbon dioxide sequestration. The existing platform, drilling well, pipeline and other equipment are properly transformed and then applied to carbon dioxide transportation and sealing and storing, so that the construction cost of offshore sealing and storing is obviously reduced, and the construction period is shortened.
The CCUS process typically involves injecting CO 2 into a depleted hydrocarbon reservoir. A common advantage of these processes is high efficiency due to the high injection capacity into the highly permeable reservoir, and a common disadvantage is the risk of carbon dioxide leakage through the wellbore. In recent years, to reduce the risk of CO 2 leaking, CO 2 is typically injected into the subsea cryogenic waters in liquid form. Successful CO 2 injection cases included Sleipnir project initiated in norwegian in 1996, north sea channel project initiated in 2016, and projects in other areas. Computer simulation studies have shown that the potential for leakage from the geological CO 2 reservoir in the ocean floor is very low. A common problem with subsea waters in which carbon dioxide is injected is the low injection capacity of the injection well.
In view of the foregoing, there is a need for a new device for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed that minimizes environmental impact while reducing the cost of CO 2 sequestration.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile injection device for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed, which is used for solving the problems of low injection capacity and high cost of an injection well when injecting carbon dioxide into a seabed water area, and another object of the present invention is to provide a mobile injection method of the mobile injection device for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed.
The invention solves the technical problems by adopting the technical proposal that the mobile spraying device for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed comprises a ship, wherein the ship is provided with a CO 2 storage tank, a CO 2 cooler, a CO 2 pump, a depth control system, CO 2 monitoring system, CO 2 storage tank, CO 2 cooler, The CO 2 pump is sequentially connected with the CO 2 spraying head, the CO 2 pump is connected with the CO 2 spraying head through a flexible hose, the depth control system comprises a depth control chamber, a winding drum is arranged in the depth control chamber, one end of a steel wire rope is fixed on the winding drum, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the flexible hose, the winding drum is connected with a winding motor, the depth controller in the depth control chamber is connected with a sonar depth finder through a cable, the depth of the CO 2 spraying head in sea water is controlled through winding and unwinding the steel wire rope, the position of the CO 2 spraying head is adjusted in real time to be close to the sea floor, the CO 2 monitoring system comprises a CO 2 monitoring chamber, the CO 2 monitoring chamber is provided with a monitoring controller, the monitoring controller is connected with a CO 2 detector through a retractable cable, the depth of the CO 2 detector in sea water is controlled in real time, the concentration of the ocean CO 2 is monitored in real time, the CO 2 spraying head comprises a spraying shell, The device comprises an injection cavity, an injection nozzle, a buffer plate, a stirring motor and an inhibitor container, wherein the annular buffer plate is arranged outside an injection shell, the buffer plate is arranged above the injection nozzle and covers the injection nozzle below, stirring slurry is arranged in the injection cavity, an inhibitor container is arranged at the top of the injection shell, a liquid level sensor is arranged at the bottom of the inhibitor container, a hydrate inhibitor is arranged in the inhibitor container, the inhibitor container is connected with an inhibitor inlet at the top of the injection shell, a second one-way valve and a second flowmeter are arranged at the inhibitor inlet, and a temperature and pressure sensor is further arranged at the injection shell.
In the scheme, the stirring paddle is connected with the variable frequency motor, and the variable frequency motor is arranged on the top of the jet shell.
In the scheme, the first one-way valve is arranged on the top of the jet shell, the tail end of the flexible hose is connected with the first one-way valve, and the first flowmeter is arranged at the tail end of the flexible hose.
In the above scheme, the inlet of the CO 2 storage tank is connected with the CO 2 connecting device, and the CO 2 is stored in the CO 2 storage tank through the CO 2 connecting device.
The mobile spraying method of the mobile spraying device for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed comprises the following steps:
When the ship moves in the sea water, the CO 2 injection head is put into the sea water, then the depth control system is utilized to adjust the lowering depth of the CO 2 injection head in the sea water through the steel wire rope, and simultaneously the CO 2 detector is put into the sea water;
The CO 2 is pressurized and encrypted through a CO 2 cooler to enable carbon dioxide to reach a supercritical state, a ship is loaded with high-density liquid CO 2, the cooled CO 2 is pumped into a flexible hose through a CO 2 pump, the CO 2 is transmitted to the sea floor through the flexible hose and enters a CO 2 spraying head and is expanded and sprayed through a spraying nozzle, CO 2 hydrate is formed on the sea floor immediately, the CO 2 without hydrate is formed on the sea floor, when the ship moves, a depth control chamber receives sea water depth data, the position of a CO 2 spraying head is adjusted in real time to enable the CO 2 spraying head to be close to the sea floor, meanwhile, a CO 2 monitoring chamber receives sea water CO 2 concentration data, when free CO 2 is detected, a signal is sent to a CO 2 pump controller to control the injection rate, and the formed CO 2 hydrate is kept on the sea floor due to the fact that the density of the formed CO 2 hydrate is higher than sea water, so that the sea floor sealing of the CO 2 is realized;
The variable frequency motor of the CO 2 injection head drives the stirring slurry to stir, so that the CO 2 injection head is always uniformly dispersed with liquid CO 2, and a large amount of CO 2 liquid is prevented from accumulating in the CO 2 injection head to generate hydrate;
The temperature and pressure sensor collects the pressure and the temperature of the CO 2 injection head, the current rate of liquid CO 2 to be conveyed is determined according to the hydrate generation condition, when the CO 2 injection head is blocked by hydrate, the hydrate inhibitor injection is controlled through the second one-way valve and the second flowmeter, the hydrate prevention and control or blocking removal is carried out, the hydrate inhibitor container liquid level sensor detects that the hydrate inhibitor is too little, and the inhibitor is timely supplemented.
The above scheme covers free CO 2 with a buffer plate to allow more time for free CO 2 that does not immediately form hydrates to convert to CO 2 hydrate.
Advantageous effects
1. The method has the advantages that the cost of sealing CO 2 is low, CO 2 is directly deposited on the seabed at a high speed without drilling, the expensive and troublesome drilling process is eliminated, the cost of discharging carbon dioxide to the seabed through a hose is reduced, a pipeline for carbon dioxide transportation is built at a place relatively far away from the coast, the cost is extremely high, the ship can adapt to the carbon dioxide discharging place relatively far away from the coast through the ship movement, and the high cost of laying the pipeline in the carbon dioxide transportation process is avoided.
2. The process is environment-friendly, carbon dioxide flow cannot penetrate the sea floor, otherwise geological disasters can be caused to the sea floor environment in the areas where natural gas hydrate deposits exist, and CO 2 hydrate is efficiently generated at a commercial rate. The CO 2 hydrate is generated under the condition of ensuring safety, and the hydrate is deposited on the seabed without causing environmental problems.
3. The present invention utilizes a nozzle to create a localized cooling zone at the spray head portion that reduces the ambient temperature to a temperature well below the temperature at which carbon dioxide hydrates form. In addition, the nozzles will also enhance the mixing speed of carbon dioxide, seawater and seabed sand, accelerating hydrate formation. CO 2, which does not immediately form hydrates, rises to the buffer plate to form hydrates.
4. The invention uses the data of sonar depth finder to control the depth of the CO 2 jet head. The depth control room receives the seawater depth data from the sonar depth finder, and adjusts the position of the jet head according to the data, so that the jet head is close to the sea floor to carry out CO 2 sealing.
5. According to the invention, the CO 2 injection rate is controlled by using the data of the CO 2 detector, when CO 2 leaks, the CO 2 is positioned and represented by using ultrasonic tomography, the change caused by the leakage is realized, the leakage monitoring of a risk area is realized, and the injection rate is adjusted by detecting the content of CO 2 in seawater and the PH value.
6. The flowmeter displays the injection flow of the liquid CO 2, obtains the pressure and the temperature of the spray head through the temperature and pressure sensor, determines the rate of conveying the liquid CO 2 according to the hydrate generation conditions, and realizes the rapid generation of the hydrate.
7. In addition, the invention is provided with the hydrate inhibitor container, and the hydration inhibitor is controlled to be injected into the spray head to prevent or unblock the hydrate when necessary, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified phase diagram including hydrate-water-gas;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of a CO 2 storage tank, a CO 2 cooler, a CO 2 pump and a flexible hose in the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a depth control system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a CO 2 monitoring system of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a CO 2 injection head of the present invention.
In the figure, ship 2, CO 2, connecting device 3, CO 2, storage tank 4, CO 2, cooler 5, CO 2, pump 6, flexible hose 7, CO 2 injection head 8, injection nozzle 9, buffer plate 10, depth control chamber 11, sonar depth gauge 12, CO 2 monitoring chamber 13, CO 2 detector 14, CO 2 hydrate 15-1, first flowmeter 15-2, second flowmeter 16-1, first one-way valve 16-2, second one-way valve 17, variable frequency motor 18, stirring paddle 19, hydrate inhibitor 20, temperature and pressure sensor 21 liquid level sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
Referring to FIGS. 2-6, the mobile spraying device for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed comprises a ship, wherein a CO 2 storage tank, a CO 2 cooler, a CO 2 pump, a depth control system, In the CO 2 monitoring system, the inlet of the CO 2 storage tank is connected with the CO 2 connecting device, and the CO 2 is conveyed and stored into the CO 2 storage tank through the CO 2 connecting device. CO 2 storage tank, CO 2 cooler, The CO 2 pump is sequentially connected with the CO 2 spraying head, the CO 2 pump is connected with the CO 2 spraying head through a flexible hose, the depth control system comprises a depth control chamber, a winding drum is arranged in the depth control chamber, one end of a steel wire rope is fixed on the winding drum, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the flexible hose, the winding drum is connected with a winding motor, the depth controller in the depth control chamber is connected with a sonar depth finder through a cable, the depth of the CO 2 spraying head in sea water is controlled through winding and unwinding the steel wire rope, the position of the CO 2 spraying head is adjusted in real time to be close to the sea floor, the CO 2 monitoring system comprises a CO 2 monitoring chamber, the CO 2 monitoring chamber is provided with a monitoring controller, the monitoring controller is connected with a CO 2 detector through a retractable cable, the depth of the CO 2 detector in sea water is controlled in real time, the concentration of the ocean CO 2 is monitored in real time, the CO 2 spraying head comprises a spraying shell, Jet cavity, jet nozzle, buffer plate, stirring motor, The inhibitor container is provided with an annular buffer plate outside the spraying shell, the buffer plate is arranged above the spraying nozzle and covers the spraying nozzle below, stirring paddles are arranged in the spraying cavity and are connected with a variable frequency motor, the variable frequency motor is a miniature deep sea waterproof motor, the variable frequency motor is arranged on the top of the spraying shell and is provided with an inhibitor container, a liquid level sensor is arranged at the bottom of the inhibitor container, a hydrate inhibitor is arranged in the inhibitor container, the inhibitor container is connected with an inhibitor inlet of the top of the spraying shell, a second one-way valve and a second flowmeter are arranged at the inhibitor inlet, a temperature and pressure sensor is also arranged at the spraying shell, a first one-way valve is arranged at the top of the spraying shell, the tail end of a flexible hose is connected with the first one-way valve, and a first flowmeter is arranged at the tail end of the flexible hose.
FIG. 1 is a simplified phase diagram of an optimal method of the present invention for initiating the formation of CO 2 hydrate. The balance curve is based on data from the public domain. Under isobaric conditions, the formation of CO 2 hydrate from seawater and CO 2 is affected by the temperature reduction. The point above the equilibrium curve depends on the hydrostatic pressure of the in situ seawater. Under the conditions of high pressure and low temperature, the small molecular gas is fixed in a crystal cage formed by water molecules to form solid hydrate. Fig. 1 compares the phase diagrams of carbon dioxide and natural gas. If the subsea conditions (pressure and temperature) are above the carbon dioxide equilibrium curve, it is expected that carbon dioxide hydrates will form. The rate of hydrate formation depends on the subsea conditions and the degree of mixing of the gas with the seawater. This principle was verified in previous studies. However, it takes time for carbon dioxide molecules to fully contact water molecules to form hydrates. If carbon dioxide is released directly to the sea floor, free carbon dioxide will rise due to its density being lower than that of water. Even if CO 2 were to dissolve in seawater during the ascent, it would have a negative impact on the seawater environment.
The equipment is arranged on a ship 1, wherein CO 2 is conveyed to a CO 2 storage tank 3 through a liquid CO 2 connecting device 2, is cooled by a CO 2 cooler 4 to increase density, is pumped into a flexible hose 6 by a pump CO 2, enters a CO 2 injection head 7, and can uniformly disperse liquid CO 2 by driving a stirring slurry 18 to stir through a variable frequency motor 17 in the interior of the injection head, so that a large amount of CO 2 liquid is prevented from gathering in the injection head to generate hydrates. The dispersed liquid CO 2 is injected into the sea floor by a full jet of nozzles 8. Due to the joule-thomson cooling effect, the injected CO 2 stream should be in an ultra-cold state, forming CO 2 hydrate immediately with seawater. The flow meter displays the flow through the liquid CO 2, the temperature and pressure sensor 20 obtains the pressure and temperature of the spray head, and the rate at which the liquid CO 2 is currently required to be delivered is determined by the hydrate formation conditions. The flow rate of CO 2 is controlled by the first check valve 16-1 and the first flowmeter 15-1 to ensure the hydrate formation rate. When the spray head is blocked by hydrate, the injection of the hydrate inhibitor is controlled through the second one-way valve 16-2 and the second flowmeter 15-2, the prevention and control or the blocking removal of the hydrate are carried out, and the inhibitor container is connected with the sensor to ensure the timely replenishment of the inhibitor capacity and ensure the normal operation of the device. If a portion of the carbon dioxide stream is still free, it should form a hydrate under the buffer plate 9. The depth control chamber 10 will receive readings from the sonar depth finder 11 and adjust the position of the jet head 7 to be close to the sea floor. When free CO 2 is detected, the CO 2 monitoring room 12 receives the reading of the CO 2 detector 13 and sends a signal to the CO 2 pump controller to reduce the CO 2 injection rate. the carbon dioxide hydrate formed should remain on the sea floor due to its higher density than sea water.
Referring to fig. 3, the vessel has mobility and is loaded with liquid CO 2 from a carrier hose to a CO 2 storage tank. The carbon dioxide is pressurized and encrypted by using a cooler, so that the carbon dioxide reaches a supercritical state, namely, the carbon dioxide is converted from a gaseous state to a liquid state. The cooled carbon dioxide is pumped into the hose by the CO 2 pump and enters the injection head, and the CO 2 gas expands through the porous plug injection nozzle to cause temperature change due to the Joule-Thomson effect, so that CO 2 hydrate is formed. The gas transmission process does not need drilling, and the hose cost is low.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a depth control device of the present invention. The depth control room receives the seawater depth data from the sonar depth finder, and adjusts the position of the jet head according to the data, so that the jet head is close to the sea floor to carry out CO 2 sealing.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a CO 2 monitoring system of the present invention. Regardless of the form in which the CO 2 is sequestered in the ocean, some leakage occurs and the release of CO 2 after ocean sequestration is extremely slow, but the risk of leakage is likewise not negligible, including during transportation and injection prior to sequestration. Once CO 2 leaks, it will first initiate seawater acidification, which in turn will disrupt the balance of the marine ecosystem, threatening the diversity of marine organisms. The CO 2 detector detects parameters such as the index concentration, the PH value and the like of the seawater CO 2, the parameters can synchronously change along with the leakage of CO 2, and the detector detects the index change and uploads the index change to the CO 2 detection chamber, so that the pumping rate of the CO 2 pump is quickly adjusted, and the marine environment safety is protected.
Referring to fig. 6, a variable frequency motor 17 is arranged in the spray head to drive a stirring paddle 18 to stir and disperse liquid CO 2, so that a large amount of liquid CO 2 is prevented from gathering in the spray head to generate hydrate to block the spray head. The dispersed liquid CO 2 is injected into the sea floor by a full jet of nozzles 8. Due to the joule-thomson cooling effect, the injected CO 2 stream should be in an ultra-cold state, forming CO 2 hydrate immediately with seawater. The first flowmeter 15-1 displays the flow rate through the liquid CO 2, the temperature and pressure sensor 20 transmits the pressure and temperature data of the spray head to the CO 2 monitoring chamber, and the CO 2 monitoring chamber controls the rate of the liquid CO 2 through the first one-way valve 16-1 by the hydrate generation condition, so that the hydrate generation rate is ensured. If the CO 2 hydrate blocks the spray head and the temperature and pressure sensing data are abnormal, the CO 2 monitoring chamber controls the one-way valve 16-2 to be opened, the hydrate inhibitor is injected into the spray head to prevent, control or unblock the hydrate, and the liquid level sensor is responsible for transmitting information to the control chamber to timely supplement the container inhibitor so as to ensure the normal operation of the device. If a portion of the carbon dioxide stream is still free, it should form a hydrate under the buffer plate 9.
The vessel of the present invention is loaded with liquid CO 2 from a CO 2 carrier or piping hose to CO 2 storage tank 3. The liquid CO 2 is cooled by the cooler 4 to increase the density. The cooled carbon dioxide is pumped into a hose 6 by a pump 5, enters a spray head 7, is dispersed by stirring by a stirring paddle, and is expanded by a spray nozzle 8. Due to the joule-thomson cooling effect, the injected CO 2 stream should be cooled further below the seawater temperature, thus immediately forming CO 2 hydrate. If there is remaining carbon dioxide, a hydrate will form under the buffer plate 9. The depth control chamber 10 receives seawater depth data from the sonar depth finder 11 and adjusts the position of the jet head 7 so as to be close to the sea floor. The CO 2 monitoring room 12 receives data from the CO 2 detector 13 and when free carbon dioxide is detected, signals the CO 2 pump controller to reduce the CO 2 injection rate. The CO 2 hydrate formed remains on the seafloor due to its higher density than seawater. The ship will advance slowly according to the actual need.
The mobile spraying method of the mobile spraying device for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed comprises the following steps:
When the ship moves in the sea water, the CO 2 injection head is put into the sea water, then the depth control system is utilized to adjust the lowering depth of the CO 2 injection head in the sea water through the steel wire rope, and simultaneously the CO 2 detector is put into the sea water;
the CO 2 is pressurized and encrypted through a CO 2 cooler to enable carbon dioxide to reach a supercritical state, the ship is loaded with high-density liquid CO 2, the cooled CO 2 is pumped into a flexible hose by a CO 2 pump, the CO 2 is transmitted to the sea floor through the flexible hose and enters a CO 2 injection head and is expanded and sprayed through an injection nozzle to form CO 2 hydrate immediately, the CO 2 without forming the hydrate is formed under a buffer plate, when the ship moves, a depth control chamber receives seawater depth data, the position of a CO 2 injection head is adjusted in real time to enable the CO 2 injection head to be close to the sea floor, meanwhile, a CO 2 monitoring chamber receives seawater CO 2 concentration data, when free CO 2 is detected, a signal is sent to a CO 2 pump controller to control the injection rate, and the formed CO 2 hydrate is kept on the sea floor due to the fact that the density of the formed CO 2 hydrate is higher than that of seawater, so that the submarine sealing of the CO 2 is realized;
The variable frequency motor of the CO 2 injection head drives the stirring slurry to stir, so that the CO 2 injection head is always uniformly dispersed with liquid CO 2, and a large amount of CO 2 liquid is prevented from accumulating in the CO 2 injection head to generate hydrate;
The temperature and pressure sensor collects the pressure and the temperature of the CO 2 injection head, the current rate of liquid CO 2 to be conveyed is determined according to the hydrate generation condition, when the CO 2 injection head is blocked by hydrate, the hydrate inhibitor injection is controlled through the second one-way valve and the second flowmeter, the hydrate prevention and control or blocking removal is carried out, the hydrate inhibitor container liquid level sensor detects that the hydrate inhibitor is too little, and the inhibitor is timely supplemented.
Under the condition of no drilling, CO 2 is transmitted to the sea floor through a flexible hose, a depth control room receives seawater depth data from a sonar depth finder when a ship moves, the position and depth of an injection head are adjusted according to the data, a CO 2 monitoring room receives CO 2 concentration data from a CO 2 detector when the ship moves, the injection rate of CO 2 is controlled, a buffer plate is used for covering free CO 2, free CO 2 which does not generate hydrate immediately is converted into CO 2 hydrate for more time, a sonar depth finder is used for collecting sea floor depth data, the position and depth of the injection head are adjusted according to the sea floor depth data, a CO 2 detector is used for collecting ocean CO 2 concentration, and the pumping rate of CO 2 is adjusted according to the CO 2 concentration data.
The flexible hose can resist tensile, corrosion, low temperature and high pressure, the CO 2 jet head is a jet head with the diameter of 150mm, the blade diameter of the stirring paddle is 50mm, and the buffer plate is a flat plate with the diameter of 300mm multiplied by 300 mm.

Claims (5)

1. A mobile spraying method for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprising a mobile spraying device for solidifying carbon dioxide on the sea bed, the mobile spraying device for solidifying carbon dioxide on the sea bed comprising a vessel, the ship is provided with a CO 2 storage tank, a CO 2 cooler, a CO 2 pump, Depth control system, CO 2 monitoring system, CO 2 storage tank, CO 2 cooler, The CO 2 pump is sequentially connected with the CO 2 spraying head, the CO 2 pump is connected with the CO 2 spraying head through a flexible hose, the depth control system comprises a depth control chamber, a winding drum is arranged in the depth control chamber, one end of a steel wire rope is fixed on the winding drum, the other end of the steel wire rope is fixed on the flexible hose, the winding drum is connected with a winding motor, the depth controller in the depth control chamber is connected with a sonar depth finder through a cable, the depth of the CO 2 spraying head in sea water is controlled through winding and unwinding the steel wire rope, the position of the CO 2 spraying head is adjusted in real time to be close to the sea floor, the CO 2 monitoring system comprises a CO 2 monitoring chamber, the CO 2 monitoring chamber is provided with a monitoring controller, the monitoring controller is connected with a CO 2 detector through a retractable cable, the depth of the CO 2 detector in sea water is controlled in real time, the concentration of the ocean CO 2 is monitored in real time, the CO 2 spraying head comprises a spraying shell, The device comprises an injection cavity, an injection nozzle, a buffer plate, a stirring motor and an inhibitor container, wherein the annular buffer plate is arranged outside an injection shell, the buffer plate is arranged above the injection nozzle and covers the injection nozzle below, a stirring paddle is arranged in the injection cavity, an inhibitor container is arranged at the top of the injection shell, a liquid level sensor is arranged at the bottom of the inhibitor container, a hydrate inhibitor is arranged in the inhibitor container, the inhibitor container is connected with an inhibitor inlet at the top of the injection shell, a second one-way valve and a second flowmeter are arranged at the inhibitor inlet, and a temperature and pressure sensor is also arranged at the injection shell;
When the ship moves in the sea water, the CO 2 injection head is put into the sea water, then the depth control system is utilized to adjust the lowering depth of the CO 2 injection head in the sea water through the steel wire rope, and simultaneously the CO 2 detector is put into the sea water;
The CO 2 is pressurized and encrypted through a CO 2 cooler to enable carbon dioxide to reach a supercritical state, a ship is loaded with high-density liquid CO 2, the cooled CO 2 is pumped into a flexible hose through a CO 2 pump, the CO 2 is transmitted to the sea floor through the flexible hose and enters a CO 2 spraying head and is expanded and sprayed through a spraying nozzle, CO 2 hydrate is formed on the sea floor immediately, the CO 2 without hydrate is formed on the sea floor, when the ship moves, a depth control chamber receives sea water depth data, the position of a CO 2 spraying head is adjusted in real time to enable the CO 2 spraying head to be close to the sea floor, meanwhile, a CO 2 monitoring chamber receives sea water CO 2 concentration data, when free CO 2 is detected, a signal is sent to a CO 2 pump controller to control the injection rate, and the formed CO 2 hydrate is kept on the sea floor due to the fact that the density of the formed CO 2 hydrate is higher than sea water, so that the sea floor sealing of the CO 2 is realized;
The variable frequency motor of the CO 2 injection head drives the stirring paddle to stir, so that the CO 2 injection head is always uniformly dispersed with liquid CO 2, and a large amount of CO 2 liquid is prevented from accumulating in the CO 2 injection head to generate hydrate;
The temperature and pressure sensor collects the pressure and the temperature of the CO 2 injection head, the current rate of liquid CO 2 to be conveyed is determined according to the hydrate generation condition, when the CO 2 injection head is blocked by hydrate, the hydrate inhibitor injection is controlled through the second one-way valve and the second flowmeter, the hydrate prevention and control or blocking removal is carried out, the hydrate inhibitor container liquid level sensor detects that the hydrate inhibitor is too little, and the inhibitor is timely supplemented.
2. The mobile spraying method for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed according to claim 1, wherein the stirring paddle is connected with a variable frequency motor, and the variable frequency motor is arranged on the top of the spraying shell.
3. The mobile jetting method for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed according to claim 2, wherein the jetting shell top is provided with a first one-way valve, the tail end of the flexible hose is connected with the first one-way valve, and the tail end of the flexible hose is provided with a first flowmeter.
4. A mobile jetting method for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed as claimed in claim 3, wherein the inlet of the CO 2 storage tank is connected to a CO 2 connection device, and the CO 2 is stored in the CO 2 storage tank through the CO 2 connection device.
5. The mobile jetting method for solidifying carbon dioxide on the seabed as claimed in claim 4, wherein the free CO 2 is covered with a buffer plate to allow more time for free CO 2 that does not immediately form hydrates to convert to CO 2 hydrate.
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KR20070000528U (en) * 2007-02-16 2007-05-08 송순종 Subsea Environment Improvement Device
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CN104909366A (en) * 2015-04-03 2015-09-16 大连理工大学 Method of sealing carbon dioxide seabed salt water layer by using hydrate sealing
CN115722360B (en) * 2022-11-21 2023-06-30 中国海洋大学 Hard Seabed Erosion System and Method Combining Carbon Dioxide and Abrasive Cavitation Jets
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CN116672872A (en) * 2023-07-10 2023-09-01 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 A rapid hydrate generation device for seabed CO2 solidification and storage

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