CN119113391A - Method and device for applying current to electrodes - Google Patents
Method and device for applying current to electrodes Download PDFInfo
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- CN119113391A CN119113391A CN202411194612.9A CN202411194612A CN119113391A CN 119113391 A CN119113391 A CN 119113391A CN 202411194612 A CN202411194612 A CN 202411194612A CN 119113391 A CN119113391 A CN 119113391A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 198
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
- A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
- A61N1/36128—Control systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
- A61N1/36128—Control systems
- A61N1/36146—Control systems specified by the stimulation parameters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
- A61N1/36128—Control systems
- A61N1/36146—Control systems specified by the stimulation parameters
- A61N1/3615—Intensity
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/362—Heart stimulators
- A61N1/37—Monitoring; Protecting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/37211—Means for communicating with stimulators
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- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for applying an electric current to an electrode. The method includes alternately forming positive current pulses and negative current pulses every first reference time, determining a second reference time according to the number of electrodes involved in stimulation, forming current pulses with a common electrode during a first half period and a second half period of the second reference time respectively by each of the electrodes involved in stimulation during the period of the second reference time, and forming current pulses with the common electrode during the first half period of the second reference time and current pulses with the common electrode during the second half period of the second reference time with the same current intensity and opposite positive and negative polarities. The invention can overcome the defects of insufficient current or exceeding the upper tolerance limit required by stimulation under the condition of ensuring charge balance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a method and a device for applying current to an electrode.
Background
Electrodes of stimulators surgically implanted into living organisms generally need to be present in the living body for a long period of time in years, e.g. 5 years, 10 years, 20 years. The electrode made of metal causes electrochemical corrosion when an electric current flows through the contact surface between the electrode and the living tissue.
An effective solution is to complete the electrochemical corrosion and reduction reaction of the electrodes in a short time, for example, in a period, the integrated value of positive charges flowing out of one electrode and positive charges flowing in is 0. In the prior art, the stimulation control flow completes one cycle of positive and negative current pulses on certain two stimulation points, so that the number of electrodes covered by the two stimulation points is required to be the same, otherwise, the current required by the stimulation of one stimulation point is insufficient or exceeds the tolerance upper limit.
The above description of the background is only for the purpose of facilitating a thorough understanding of the present invention's aspects (in terms of the means of technology used, the technical problems solved, and the technical effects produced, etc.) and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this message constitutes prior art that is already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for applying a current to an electrode, which can overcome the disadvantages of insufficient current required for stimulation or exceeding the upper limit of tolerance, while ensuring charge balance.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method of applying a current to electrodes including at least one electrode involved in stimulation and a common electrode, the method including alternately forming positive current pulses and negative current pulses every first reference time, wherein a current is outputted from and inputted to one of the electrodes involved in stimulation to form positive current pulses, a current is outputted from and inputted to one of the electrodes involved in stimulation to form negative current pulses, determining a second reference time according to the number of the electrodes involved in stimulation, the second reference time being twice the first reference time times the number of the electrodes involved in stimulation, and forming current pulses with the common electrode during a first half period and a second half period of the second reference time, respectively, and forming current pulses with the common electrode during the first half period and the second half period of the second reference time and current pulses with the common electrode during the second half period being the same in current strength and opposite in positive and negative polarity.
The second reference time is set as follows:
T2=t2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)
+t 2+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) (n is not less than 1 and n is an integer)
Wherein, each of T 2x(n-1),t1+2x(n-1),t2+2x(n-1),…,t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is a first reference time, x is the number of electrodes participating in stimulation, T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) is the first half period of a second reference time T2, T x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is the second half period of the second reference time T2, and n is the number of periods;
The current output and current input of the common electrode at the first reference time t i are represented as:
A i (2 x (n-1). Ltoreq.i.ltoreq.2x-1) +2x (n-1) and i is an integer
Wherein a 0 = 1 or 0, a i+1＝1-Ai;
a i =1 means that a current is output from the common electrode, and a i =0 means that a current is input to the common electrode;
The current output and current input of the electrode involved in the stimulation at the first reference time t i are expressed as:
Di＝1-Ai
D i =1 represents one output of current from the electrode involved in stimulation, and D i =0 represents one input of current to the electrode involved in stimulation.
During the first half period T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time T2, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time T i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x, and i increases from 2x (n-1) to (x-1) +2x (n-1).
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is odd, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x and i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is even, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where the values of m are 2,1,4,3 in order until x-2, x-3, x-1, i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
The current intensity of the current pulses formed by each electrode participating in the stimulation and the common electrode may be identical.
The common electrodes may be provided in at least one, and the current input and output states of each common electrode are the same.
When the number of the common electrodes is set to y, the current intensity of the common electrode output or input is E/y, where E is the stimulus current intensity that is tolerated.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for applying a current to an electrode including a current generator configured to apply a current to an electrode including at least one electrode involved in stimulation and a common electrode, a processor configured to operate the current generator to cause the current generator to alternately form positive current pulses and negative current pulses every first reference time, wherein a current is output from the common electrode and input to one of the electrodes involved in stimulation to form positive current pulses, and a current is output from one of the electrodes involved in stimulation and input to the common electrode to form negative current pulses, determine a second reference time according to the number of electrodes involved in stimulation, the second reference time being twice the first reference time times the number of electrodes involved in stimulation, and form a current pulse with the common electrode during a first half period and a second half period of the second reference time, respectively, and form a current pulse with the same polarity as the positive and negative current pulse with the common electrode during a first half period and a second half period of the second reference time, respectively.
The second reference time is set as follows:
T2=t2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)
+t 2+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) (n is not less than 1 and n is an integer)
Wherein, each of T 2x(n-1),t1+2x(n-1),t2+2x(n-1),…,t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is a first reference time, x is the number of electrodes participating in stimulation, T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) is the first half period of a second reference time T2, T x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is the second half period of the second reference time T2, and n is the number of periods;
The current output and current input of the common electrode at the first reference time t i are represented as:
A i (2 x (n-1). Ltoreq.i.ltoreq.2x-1) +2x (n-1) and i is an integer
Wherein a 0 = 1 or 0, a i+1＝1-Ai;
a i =1 means that a current is output from the common electrode, and a i =0 means that a current is input to the common electrode;
The current output and current input of the electrode involved in the stimulation at the first reference time t i are expressed as:
Di＝1-Ai
D i =1 represents one output of current from the electrode involved in stimulation, and D i =0 represents one input of current to the electrode involved in stimulation.
The processor is configured to operate the current generator to cause the current generator to perform the steps of:
During the first half period T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time T2, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time T i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x, and i increases from 2x (n-1) to (x-1) +2x (n-1).
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is odd, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x and i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is even, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where the values of m are 2,1,4,3 in order until x-2, x-3, x-1, i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
The current intensity of the current pulses formed by each electrode participating in the stimulation and the common electrode may be identical.
The common electrodes may be provided in at least one, and the current input and output states of each common electrode are the same.
When the number of the common electrodes is set to y, the current intensity of the common electrode output or input is E/y, where E is the stimulus current intensity that is tolerated.
The number of the electrodes may be 8, the number of the electrodes participating in the stimulation may be 5, and the number of the common electrodes may be 3.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the invention has the advantages that all the positions needing to be stimulated can be stimulated uniformly and periodically, the stimulation intensity does not exceed the tolerance upper limit of biological tissues, the expected stimulation effect can be generated, and the requirement of charge balance is always met. In addition, by arranging two or more common electrodes, the influence of the stimulation current on each common electrode on biological tissues can be reduced as much as possible, and therefore, only the point to be stimulated (namely, the point covering the electrode participating in stimulation) is ensured to generate effective stimulation.
Drawings
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. For clarity, the same elements in different figures are shown with the same reference numerals. It is noted that the figures are for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily drawn to scale. In these figures:
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electrode implanted inside a living body.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of applying a current to an electrode according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3A to 3H exemplarily show a scheme of assigning D i (i.e., 0,1,0,1,0..or 1,0,1,0,1..) to electrodes participating in stimulation.
Fig. 4 exemplarily shows a scheme of applying a current to an electrode in a case where a common electrode is provided as two or more.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, and the embodiments and specific operation procedures are given on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an electrode implanted inside a living body. As shown in fig. 1, at least one electrode is placed on the nerve 10 to be stimulated. The current may be output from or input to any of the electrodes, and the "+" sign indicates the output current and the "-" sign indicates the input current. For example, the current in fig. 1 is output from electrode 8 and input to electrode 5. When an electrode inputs or outputs current, the intensity of the current is generated on the electrode and stimulates the corresponding site of the nerve 10. In addition, the magnitude of the current intensity is proportional to the amount of unit charges input or output from the electrode.
If a current is periodically or aperiodically output from one electrode and input to the other electrode, a current pulse is formed. As shown in fig. 1, the electric field lines originate, diverge, converge from the electrode 8 to reach the electrode 5. Current pulses can be classified into positive current pulses and negative current pulses according to the direction of the electric field lines. For example, the electric field lines shown in fig. 1 are directed from right to left, and the resulting current pulses may be positive current pulses. Conversely, when the electric field line direction is from left to right, the current pulse formed is a negative current pulse.
In the stimulation control flow in the prior art, one cycle of positive and negative current pulses needs to be completed at certain two stimulation points, and then the stimulation cycle at the next same stimulation point or the stimulation cycle at the next different stimulation point is started.
For example, the area of the biological stimulation site a covers at least one electrode, and the area of the biological stimulation site B covers at least one other electrode, which are electrodes involved in the stimulation. The other electrodes than these may serve as common terminals of the stimulation paths, i.e. as common electrodes.
For example, at the time of positive current pulse, the three electrodes involved in stimulation output 1/3 unit charges, respectively, and the 1 unit charges output by the three electrodes involved in stimulation are input to one common electrode. At the time of negative current pulse, one common electrode outputs 1 unit of charge, and the output 1 unit of charge is input to three electrodes participating in stimulation.
When the electrode covered by the point position A and the common electrode which participate in the stimulation form positive current pulses, the electrode covered by the point position B and the common electrode which participate in the stimulation form negative current pulses, and conversely, when the electrode covered by the point position A and the common electrode which participate in the stimulation form negative current pulses, the electrode covered by the point position B and the common electrode which participate in the stimulation form positive current pulses. Thus, one cycle of positive and negative current pulses can be completed on points a and B.
All electrodes involved in stimulation experience only one positive and negative current pulse in one cycle of positive and negative current pulse stimulation. Therefore, through the prior art, when each stimulation cycle is completed, each electrode participating in stimulation can be ensured to realize charge balance in the cycle, namely the number of charges output by the electrode is equal to the number of charges input by the electrode, and electrochemical corrosion to the electrode is greatly reduced.
In the case of a stimulation current intensity E tolerated by a biological site to be stimulated, if the range of site a covers three electrodes, a current intensity of 3 xe is required in one stimulation cycle. Accordingly, there is an opposite current intensity of-3 xe on the spot B, however, if the number of electrodes in the range of spot B is less than 3, the current intensity at the electrodes in the range of spot B will exceed the tolerated stimulus current intensity E, thereby risking injury to the organism. For example, if the area of the spot B covers only one electrode, the current intensity-3×e generated at that electrode exceeds the tolerable stimulus current intensity E, and there is a risk of injury to the living body.
Further, in the case where the frequency of stimulation needed for the point to be stimulated is F (i.e., the stimulation cycle is performed at frequency F), the highest tolerable intensity of stimulation on point a may be expressed as 3 xexf, with the opposite-3 xexf current intensity on point B. At this time, if the number of electrodes in the range of the spot B is less than 3, for example, two electrodes are covered in the range of the spot B, the current stimulus intensity generated on each electrode is- (3 xe)/2 xf, and the required current stimulus intensity may not be reached due to | - (3 xe)/2 xf| <3 xexf.
In order to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, such as insufficient current required for stimulation or exceeding the upper tolerance limit, while ensuring charge balance, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for applying current to an electrode.
Similar to the prior art, the electrodes comprise at least one electrode participating in stimulation and a common electrode. Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of applying a current to an electrode according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, a method of applying a current to an electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
positive current pulses and negative current pulses are alternately formed every first reference time (S100). Wherein current is output from and input to one of the electrodes involved in the stimulation to form a positive current pulse, and current is output from and input to one of the electrodes involved in the stimulation to form a negative current pulse.
A second reference time is determined according to the number of electrodes involved in the stimulation (S200), the second reference time being twice the first reference time times the number of electrodes involved in the stimulation.
During the period of the second reference time, each of the electrodes involved in the stimulation forms a current pulse with the common electrode during the first half period and the second half period of the second reference time, respectively, and the current pulse formed with the common electrode during the first half period of the second reference time is the same as the current pulse formed with the common electrode during the second half period of the second reference time in current intensity and opposite in positive and negative polarity (S300).
That is, if the electrode participating in the stimulation forms a positive current pulse with the common electrode in the first half period of the second reference time, for example, 1 unit of electric charge is input to the electrode participating in the stimulation, it forms a negative current pulse with the common electrode in the second half period of the second reference time, and accordingly, the electrode participating in the stimulation outputs 1 unit of electric charge. Conversely, if the electrode involved in the stimulation forms a negative current pulse with the common electrode during the first half of the second reference time, it forms a positive current pulse with the common electrode during the second half of the second reference time. In addition, the current intensity of the positive current pulse and the negative current pulse is the same, that is, the number of unit charges input or output is the same.
According to the embodiment of the invention, since the common electrode generates the current pulse with only one electrode participating in the stimulation every the first reference time, it is possible to uniformly and periodically stimulate all the positions where the stimulation is required. If the intensity of the stimulation current tolerated by the biological point to be stimulated is E, under the condition that the common electrode is one, the current intensity of the current pulse generated by the common electrode and each electrode participating in stimulation can be set to be E, so that the stimulation intensity of the current does not exceed the upper limit of biological tissue tolerance, and the expected stimulation effect can be generated. The upper limit of the current stimulus intensity in the present invention is E, which increases the use range of the electrical stimulus intensity, compared to the current stimulus intensity in the prior art which may be limited to- (3 XE)/2 XF. Furthermore, one cycle of positive and negative current pulses is completed within a second reference time (which includes several first reference times), thereby simultaneously ensuring positive and negative charge balance of each electrode.
Hereinafter, a method of applying a current to an electrode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to fig. 3A to 3H.
As shown in fig. 3A, the electrode involved in stimulation is electrode 1, and the common electrode is electrode 8. As shown in fig. 3B, the electrodes involved in stimulation are electrode 1 and electrode 2, and the common electrode is electrode 8. As shown in fig. 3C, the electrodes involved in stimulation are electrode 1 to electrode 3, and the common electrode is electrode 8. As shown in fig. 3D, the electrodes involved in stimulation are electrode 1 to electrode 4, and the common electrode is electrode 5. As shown in fig. 3E, the electrodes involved in stimulation are electrode 1 to electrode 5, and the common electrode is electrode 8. As shown in fig. 3F, the electrodes involved in stimulation are electrode 1 to electrode 6, and the common electrode is electrode 8. As shown in fig. 3G, the electrodes involved in stimulation are electrode 1 to electrode 7, and the common electrode is electrode 8.
As shown in fig. 3H, the electrodes involved in stimulation are electrode 1 to electrode 8, and the common electrode is electrode 9.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second reference time T2 may be set to:
T2=t2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)
+t 2+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) (n is not less than 1 and n is an integer)
Wherein each of T 2x(n-1),t1+2x(n-1),t2+2x(n-1),…,t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is a first reference time T1, x is the number of electrodes involved in stimulation, and n is the number of cycles.
From the subscript of T in the formula, it can be calculated that the second reference time T2 includes 2x first reference times T1, i.e., the second reference time T2 is twice the first reference time T1 times the number x of electrodes involved in stimulation.
In addition, T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) is the first half period of the second reference time T2, and T x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is the second half period of the second reference time T2.
Taking fig. 3C as an example, in the case where the number x of electrodes involved in stimulation is 3, the second reference time T2 is T 0+t1+t2+t3+t4+t5 in the first cycle, i.e., n=1, where T 0+t1+t2 is the first half cycle and T 3+t4+t5 is the second half cycle. In the second period, i.e., n=2, the second reference time T2 is T 6+t7+t8+t9+t10+t11, where T 6+t7+t8 is the first half period and T 9+t10+t11 is the second half period. In the third period, i.e., n=3, the second reference time T2 is T 12+t13+t14+t15+t16+t17, and so on.
At each second reference time T2, the current output and current input of the common electrode at the first reference time T i are represented as:
A i (2 x (n-1). Ltoreq.i.ltoreq.2x-1) +2x (n-1) and i is an integer
Wherein a 0 = 1 or 0, a i+1＝1-Ai;
A i =1 indicates that a current is output from the common electrode, and a i =0 indicates that a current is input to the common electrode.
Accordingly, the current output and current input of the electrode involved in the stimulation at the first reference time t i are expressed as:
Di＝1-Ai
D i =1 represents one output of current from the electrode involved in stimulation, and D i =0 represents one input of current to the electrode involved in stimulation.
As can be seen from the above formulas, the value of a i is 0,1,0,1,0 or 1,0,1,0,1, i.e., a cyclic array of 0 and 1, at the same time, the value of D i is also a cyclic sequence of 0 and 1, and D i =1 when a i =0, and D i =0 when a i =1.
Taking fig. 3A to 3H as an example, when i=0, i.e., at the first reference time t 1, the sign of the common electrode is "1", i.e., a 0 =1, and the sign of the electrode involved in stimulation is "0", i.e., D 0 =0, it means that a current is output from the common electrode and input to one electrode involved in stimulation, thereby forming a positive current pulse. When i=1, i.e., at the first reference time t 1, the sign of the common electrode is "0", i.e., a 1 =0, and the sign of the electrode involved in the stimulation is "1", i.e., D 1 =1, it means that a current is output from one electrode involved in the stimulation and input to the common electrode, thereby forming a negative current pulse. When i=2, i.e. at the first reference time t 2, the sign at the common electrode is "1", i.e. a 2 =1, the sign at the electrode involved in the stimulation is "0", i.e. D 2 =0, which indicates that current is output from the common electrode and input to one electrode involved in the stimulation, thus forming a positive current pulse, and so on.
Therefore, when a current is applied to the electrode according to "0" or "1" marked in fig. 3A and 3H, step S200 may be caused to be performed. That is, every first reference time, positive current pulses and negative current pulses may be alternately formed, wherein current is output from and input to one of the electrodes participating in the stimulation to form positive current pulses, and current is output from and input to one of the electrodes participating in the stimulation to form negative current pulses.
The present invention is not limited to the order of alternating positive current pulses and negative current pulses, and positive current pulses may be used as the start of applying current to the electrode, i.e., a i＝1,0,1,0,1…,Di = 0,1,0,1,0, as shown in fig. 3A to 3H, however, negative current pulses may be used as the start of applying current to the electrode, i.e., a i＝0,1,0,1,0…,Di = 1,0,1,0,1.
Subsequently, according to an embodiment of the present invention, D i (i.e., 0,1,0,1,0..or 1,0,1,0,1..degree.) is required to be allocated to the electrodes involved in stimulation such that each of the electrodes involved in stimulation has a mark of "0" or "1" in the first half period and the second half period of the second reference time T2, respectively, and if the electrode involved in stimulation has a mark of "0" in the first half period, it has a mark of "1" in the second half period, conversely, if the electrode involved in stimulation has a mark of "1" in the first half period, it has a mark of "0" in the second half period.
Fig. 3A to 3H exemplarily show a scheme of assigning D i (i.e., 0,1,0,1,0..or 1,0,1,0,1..) to electrodes participating in stimulation.
In connection with fig. 3A to 3H, during the first half period T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time T2, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time T i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x and i increases from 2x (n-1) to (x-1) +2x (n-1).
As shown in fig. 3H, taking the first half period of the first period in which the electrode involved in stimulation is 8 (i.e., 0.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.x and i is an integer) as an example, the map between m, i, t i、Ai、Di is:
TABLE 1
Thus, in the present exemplary embodiment, each electrode participating in stimulation obtains a mark of "1" or "0" at the first half period T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time T2.
At the latter half period T x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time T2, there is a difference in the scheme allocated to the electrodes participating in stimulation according to whether the number of electrodes participating in stimulation is odd or even, D i (i.e., 0,1,0,1,0..or 1,0,1,0,1). When the number of the participating stimulating electrodes is an odd number, the current input output state of the common electrode at the start first reference time t x+2x(n-1) of the second half period is opposite to the current input output state thereof at the start first reference time t 2x(n-1) of the first half period, i.e., a x+2x(n-1)≠A2x(n-1), and a x+2x(n-1)＝0,A2x(n-1) =0 when a 2x(n-1) =1, a x+2x(n-1) =1. Further, D x+2x(n-1) allocated at the start first reference time t x+2x(n-1) of the second half period is different from D 2x(n-1) allocated at the start first reference time t 2x(n-1) of the first half period, and D 2x(n-1) =1, D xx2x(n-1)＝0,D2x(n-1) =0, and D x+2x(n-1) =1.
At this time, the same dispensing scheme as the first half cycle may be utilized, that is, D i (i.e., 0,1,0,1,0..or 1,0,1,0,1..) is dispensed in increments of electrode numbers, so that the electrode participating in stimulation that acquired the mark "1" in the first half cycle may acquire the mark "0" in the second half cycle, and the electrode participating in stimulation that acquired the mark "0" in the first half cycle may acquire the mark "1" in the second half cycle.
That is, in the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is an odd number, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially represented as D i, where m increases from 1 to x and i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
As shown in fig. 3G, taking the second half of the first period in which the electrode involved in stimulation is 7 (i.e., x.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.2x-1 and i is an integer) as an example, the map between n, i, t i、Ai、Di is:
TABLE 2
| n | i | ti | Ai | Di |
| 1 | 7 | t7 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 | 8 | t8 | 1 | 0 |
| 3 | 9 | t9 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | 10 | t10 | 1 | 0 |
| 5 | 11 | t11 | 0 | 1 |
| 6 | 12 | t12 | 1 | 0 |
| 7 | 13 | t13 | 0 | 1 |
As described above, in the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is even, a x+2x(n-1)＝A2x(n-1),D2x(n-1)＝Dx+2x(n-1), and thus if a scheme of assigning D i (i.e., 0,1,0,1,0..or 1,0,1,0,1..) in ascending order of the number of electrodes is still utilized, it may occur that the electrode involved in stimulation, which has acquired the mark "1" in the first half period, still acquires the mark "1" in the latter half period, and the electrode involved in stimulation, which has acquired the mark "0" in the first half period, still acquires the mark "0" in the latter half period.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, D i (i.e., 0,1,0,1,0..or 1,0,1,0,1..) may be assigned to electrode 2 first, reassigned to electrode 1, then assigned to electrode 4, reassigned to electrode 3, until the electrode of the largest sequence number and the electrode of the next largest sequence number are assigned, so that each electrode is assigned a different D i than D i as the electrode is incremented.
That is, in the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is even, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially represented as D i, where the values of m are 2,1,4,3 in order until x-2, x-3, x-1, i are increased from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
As shown in fig. 3H, taking the second half of the first period in which the electrode involved in stimulation is 8 (i.e., x.ltoreq.i.ltoreq.2x-1 and i is an integer) as an example, the map between m, i, t i、Ai、Di is:
TABLE 3 Table 3
In combination with tables 1 and 3, electrode 1 has a label "0" at t 0 and a label "1" at t 9, i.e., electrode 1 forms a positive current pulse with the common electrode in the first half of the cycle and a negative current pulse with the common electrode in the second half of the cycle. Electrode 2 has a label "1" at t 1 and a label "0" at t 8, i.e. electrode 2 forms a negative current pulse with the common electrode in the first half-cycle and a positive current pulse with the common electrode in the second half-cycle. Similarly, electrode 3 has a label of "0" at t 2 and a label of "1" at t 11. Electrode 4 has a label of "1" at t 3 and a label of "0" at t 10. Electrode 5 has a label of "0" at t 4 and a label of "1" at t 13. Electrode 6 has a label of "1" at t 5 and a label of "0" at t 12. Electrode 7 has a label of "0" at t 6 and a label of "0" at t 15. Electrode 8 has a label of "1" at t 7 and a label of "0" at t 14.
According to the scheme of the invention, although the current pulse formed by the electrode participating in the stimulation and the common electrode in the first half period of the second reference time is opposite to the positive and negative polarities of the current pulse formed by the electrode participating in the stimulation and the common electrode in the second half period of the second reference time, the current intensities of the current pulses are the same. For example, in tables 1 and 3, the positive current pulse formed by the electrode 1 with the common electrode in the first half period and the negative current pulse formed by the electrode 1 with the common electrode in the second half period have the same current intensity, that is, the number of unit charges outputted from the electrode 1 is equal to the number of inputted unit charges, thereby balancing the positive and negative charges of the electrode 1.
Preferably, the current intensity of the current pulses formed by each electrode participating in the stimulation and the common electrode is the same. For example, in tables 1 and 3, the positive current pulse formed by the electrode 1 and the common electrode in the first half period is the same as the current intensity of the negative current pulse formed by the electrode 2 and the common electrode in the first half period. Thus, the current intensity of each electrode can be controlled so as not to exceed the upper limit of tolerance of biological tissues and also to produce a desired stimulation effect.
As described above, if the intensity of the stimulation current tolerated by the biological point to be stimulated is E, in the case where the common electrode is one, the current intensity of the current pulse generated by the common electrode and each electrode involved in stimulation may be set to E.
As shown in fig. 3A to 3H, the common electrode is provided as one. However, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the common electrode may be provided as at least one. When the common electrodes are provided in two or more, the current input/output state of each common electrode is the same.
Fig. 4 exemplarily shows a scheme of applying a current to an electrode in a case where a common electrode is provided as two or more. As shown in fig. 4, the electrodes involved in stimulation are electrode 1 to electrode 5, and the common electrode is electrode 6, electrode 7, and electrode 8. The current input/output states of the electrode 6, the electrode 7 and the electrode 8 are the same.
As an example, at a first reference time t 0, a current (for example, 1 unit charge) is output from the common electrode 6, the electrode 7, and the electrode 8, respectively, and is input to the electrode 1, and at a first reference time t 1, a current (accordingly, 3 units charge) is output from the electrode 2 and is input to the electrode 6, the electrode 7, and the electrode 8, respectively.
That is, when the number of common electrodes is set to y (y. Gtoreq.1 and y is an integer), the current intensity of each output or input of the common electrodes is E/y. Thus, the summed output or input current withstand strength is E. In the case where the number of common electrodes is two or more, the current intensity of the current outputted or inputted from each of the common electrodes is reduced (i.e., from E to E/y), so that the influence of the stimulating current on each common electrode on the biological tissue can be reduced as much as possible, thereby ensuring that only the sites to be stimulated (i.e., the sites covering the electrodes involved in the stimulation) generate effective stimulation.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for applying an electrical current to an electrode, the apparatus comprising a current generator and a processor, the current generator configured to apply an electrical current to the electrode, the electrode comprising at least one electrode involved in stimulation and a common electrode. The processor is configured to operate the current generator to cause the current generator to alternately form positive current pulses and negative current pulses every first reference time, wherein current is output from and input to one of the electrodes involved in stimulation to form positive current pulses, current is output from and input to one of the electrodes involved in stimulation to form negative current pulses, a second reference time is determined according to the number of electrodes involved in stimulation, the second reference time being twice the first reference time times the number of electrodes involved in stimulation, each of the electrodes involved in stimulation forms current pulses with the common electrode during a first half and a second half of the second reference time, and the current pulses formed with the common electrode during the first half of the second reference time are the same current intensity and opposite in positive and negative polarity to the current pulses formed with the common electrode during the second half of the second reference time.
The second reference time is set as follows:
T2=t2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)
+t 2+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) (n is not less than 1 and n is an integer)
Wherein, each of T 2x(n-1),t1+2x(n-1),t2+2x(n-1),…,t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is a first reference time, x is the number of electrodes participating in stimulation, T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) is the first half period of a second reference time T2, T x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is the second half period of the second reference time T2, and n is the number of periods;
The current output and current input of the common electrode at the first reference time t i are represented as:
A i (2 x (n-1). Ltoreq.i.ltoreq.2x-1) +2x (n-1) and i is an integer
Wherein a 0 = 1 or 0, a i+1＝1-Ai;
a i =1 means that a current is output from the common electrode, and a i =0 means that a current is input to the common electrode;
The current output and current input of the electrode involved in the stimulation at the first reference time t i are expressed as:
Di＝1-Ai
D i =1 represents one output of current from the electrode involved in stimulation, and D i =0 represents one input of current to the electrode involved in stimulation.
As an example, the processor is configured to operate the current generator to cause the current generator to perform the steps of:
During the first half period T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time T2, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time T i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x, and i increases from 2x (n-1) to (x-1) +2x (n-1).
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is odd, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x and i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…+t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is even, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where the values of m are 2,1,4,3 in order until x-2, x-3, x-1, i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
Preferably, the current intensity of the current pulses formed by each electrode participating in the stimulation and the common electrode may be identical.
Further, the common electrodes may be provided in at least one, and the current input and output states of each common electrode are the same. When the number of the common electrodes is set to y, the current intensity of the common electrode output or input is E/y, where E is the stimulus current intensity that is tolerated. Preferably, the number of electrodes may be 8, the number of electrodes participating in stimulation may be 5, and the number of common electrodes may be 3.
With the method and the device for applying current to the electrode according to the embodiment of the invention, uniform periodic stimulation can be performed on all positions needing stimulation, the stimulation intensity does not exceed the upper tolerance limit of biological tissues, the expected stimulation effect can be generated, and the requirement of charge balance is always met.
In addition, by arranging two or more common electrodes, the influence of the stimulation current on each common electrode on biological tissues can be reduced as much as possible, and therefore, only the point to be stimulated (namely, the point covering the electrode participating in stimulation) is ensured to generate effective stimulation.
The various embodiments of the invention are not an exhaustive list of all possible combinations, but are intended to describe representative aspects of the invention and the disclosure described in the various embodiments can be applied separately or in combinations of two or more.
The description of the exemplary embodiments presented above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching to those of ordinary skill in the art. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable others skilled in the art to understand, make and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various alternatives and modifications. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims (14)
1. A method of applying an electrical current to an electrode, the electrode comprising at least one electrode involved in stimulation and a common electrode, the method comprising:
Alternately forming positive current pulses and negative current pulses every first reference time, wherein current is output from and input to one of the electrodes involved in stimulation to form positive current pulses, and current is output from and input to one of the electrodes involved in stimulation to form negative current pulses;
determining a second reference time according to the number of electrodes participating in the stimulation, wherein the second reference time is twice the first reference time multiplied by the number of electrodes participating in the stimulation;
During the period of the second reference time, each of the electrodes involved in the stimulation forms a current pulse with the common electrode during the first half period and the second half period of the second reference time, respectively, and the current pulse formed with the common electrode during the first half period of the second reference time is the same as the current pulse formed with the common electrode during the second half period of the second reference time in current intensity and opposite in positive and negative polarity.
2. The method of applying a current to an electrode of claim 1, wherein:
The second reference time is set as follows:
T2=t 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1),…t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) (n is not less than 1 and n is an integer)
Wherein, each of T 2x(n-1),t1+2x(n-1),t2+2x(n-1),…,t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is a first reference time, x is the number of electrodes participating in stimulation, T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) is the first half period of a second reference time T2, T x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is the second half period of the second reference time T2, and n is the number of periods;
The current output and current input of the common electrode at the first reference time t i are represented as:
A i (2 x (n-1). Ltoreq.i.ltoreq.2x-1) +2x (n-1) and i is an integer
Wherein a 0 = 1 or 0, a i+1＝1-Ai;
a i =1 means that a current is output from the common electrode, and a i =0 means that a current is input to the common electrode;
The current output and current input of the electrode involved in the stimulation at the first reference time t i are expressed as:
Di＝1-Ai
D i =1 represents one output of current from the electrode involved in stimulation, and D i =0 represents one input of current to the electrode involved in stimulation.
3. The method of applying a current to an electrode of claim 1, wherein:
During the first half period T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time T2, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time T i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x, and i increases from 2x (n-1) to (x-1) +2x (n-1).
4. The method of applying a current to an electrode of claim 1, wherein:
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x++2)+2x(n-1),…t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is odd, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x and i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
5. The method of applying a current to an electrode of claim 1, wherein:
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is even, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where the values of m are 2,1,4,3 in order until x-2, x-3, x-1, i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
6. A method of applying a current to electrodes according to claim 1, wherein the current intensity of the current pulses formed by each electrode participating in the stimulation and the common electrode are the same.
7. The method of applying a current to electrodes according to claim 1, wherein the common electrodes are provided in at least one, and a state of current input and output of each common electrode is the same.
8. The method of applying a current to an electrode according to claim 7, wherein when the number of common electrodes is set to y, the current intensity of the common electrode output or input is E/y, wherein E is the stimulus current intensity that is tolerated.
9. A device for applying a current to an electrode, comprising:
a current generator configured to apply a current to an electrode, the electrode comprising at least one electrode involved in stimulation and a common electrode;
a processor configured to operate the current generator to cause the current generator to perform the steps of:
Alternately forming positive current pulses and negative current pulses every first reference time, wherein current is output from and input to one of the electrodes involved in stimulation to form positive current pulses, and current is output from and input to one of the electrodes involved in stimulation to form negative current pulses;
determining a second reference time according to the number of electrodes participating in the stimulation, wherein the second reference time is twice the first reference time multiplied by the number of electrodes participating in the stimulation;
During the period of the second reference time, each of the electrodes involved in the stimulation forms a current pulse with the common electrode during the first half period and the second half period of the second reference time, respectively, and the current pulse formed with the common electrode during the first half period of the second reference time is the same as the current pulse formed with the common electrode during the second half period of the second reference time in current intensity and opposite in positive and negative polarity.
10. The apparatus for applying a current to an electrode according to claim 9, wherein:
The second reference time is set as follows:
T2=t 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1),…t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) (n is not less than 1 and n is an integer)
Wherein, each of T 2x(n-1),t1+2x(n-1),t2+2x(n-1),…,t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) is a first reference time, x is the number of electrodes participating in stimulation, T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) is the first half period of a second reference time T2, T x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…t(2(-1)+2x(n-1) is the second half period of the second reference time T2, and n is the number of periods;
The current output and current input of the common electrode at the first reference time t i are represented as:
A i (2 x (n-1). Ltoreq.i.ltoreq.2x-1) +2x (n-1) and i is an integer
Wherein a 0 = 1 or 0, a i+1＝1-Ai;
a i =1 means that a current is output from the common electrode, and a i =0 means that a current is input to the common electrode;
The current output and current input of the electrode involved in the stimulation at the first reference time t i are expressed as:
Di＝1-Ai
D i =1 represents one output of current from the electrode involved in stimulation, and D i =0 represents one input of current to the electrode involved in stimulation.
The processor is configured to operate the current generator to cause the current generator to perform the steps of:
During the first half period T 2x(n-1)+t1+2x(n-1)+t2+2x(n-1)+…+t(x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time T2, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time T i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x, and i increases from 2x (n-1) to (x-1) +2x (n-1).
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is odd, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where m increases from 1 to x and i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
In the latter half period t x+2x(n-1)+t(x+1)+2x(n-1)+t(x+2)+2x(n-1),…t(2x-1)+2x(n-1) of the second reference time, when the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is even, the current output and current input of the mth electrode of the electrodes involved in stimulation at the first reference time t i are sequentially denoted as D i, where the values of m are 2,1,4,3 in order until x-2, x-3, x-1, i increases from x+2x (n-1) to (2 x-1) +2x (n-1).
11. The apparatus for applying a current to an electrode according to claim 9, wherein the current intensity of the current pulse formed by each electrode participating in the stimulation and the common electrode is the same.
12. The apparatus for applying a current to an electrode according to claim 9, wherein the common electrode is provided in at least one, and a state of current input and output of each common electrode is the same.
13. The apparatus for applying a current to an electrode according to claim 12, wherein when the number of the common electrodes is set to y, the current intensity of the common electrode output or input is E/y, wherein E is the stimulus current intensity that is tolerated.
14. The apparatus for applying a current to an electrode according to claim 13, wherein the number of the electrodes is 8, the number of electrodes involved in stimulation is 5, and the number of the common electrodes is 3.
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