CN119111576B

CN119111576B - Tung oil meal, tung oil meal water extract and application thereof in reducing incidence rate of banana vascular wilt and promoting banana growth

Info

Publication number: CN119111576B
Application number: CN202411621880.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程志号; 郭素霞; 孙长君; 曾学蔚; 彭军; 吴琼
Original assignee: Sanya Research Institute Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Sanya Research Institute Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences; Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2024-11-14
Filing date: 2024-11-14
Publication date: 2025-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2044-11-14
Also published as: CN119111576A

Abstract

The present invention provides a tung oil meal, a tung oil meal water extract and an application thereof in reducing the incidence of banana wilt disease and promoting banana growth. The tung oil meal and the tung oil meal water extract of the present invention can effectively inhibit the growth of banana wilt disease No. 4 physiological subspecies (Foc 4) in the banana cultivation process, reduce the incidence of banana wilt disease in the seedling stage, and at the same time, during the growth of banana seedlings, stimulate the activity of root polyphenol oxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and other cell protection enzymes to increase their content, thereby stimulating root growth, especially root meristem growth, and can promote leaf growth, increase chlorophyll content, increase dry matter accumulation, etc. through the growth and development of the root system, thereby achieving effective promotion of growth and development, and has broad application prospects in the industry.

Description

Tung oil meal, tung oil meal water extract and application thereof in reducing incidence rate of banana vascular wilt and promoting banana growth

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of banana cultivation, in particular to tung oil meal, a tung oil meal water extract and application thereof in reducing the incidence rate of banana vascular wilt and promoting banana growth.

Background

Banana wilt is a typical soil-borne disease, and No. four physiological races (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, foc 4) of banana wilt cause destructive attack on the banana industry worldwide, and the control work on banana wilt is a serious issue in industry and research in recent decades. The existing research reports and production practices show that the effects of the new variety breeding of banana vascular wilt resistance and the green comprehensive prevention and control measures are remarkable, and the method is a development direction of current emphasis. In the cultivation measures, the occurrence rate of banana wilt can be effectively prevented and reduced by paddy-upland rotation, interplanting of Chinese chives, applying organic fertilizer, applying biological bacterial fertilizer regularly, strictly going in and out of garden management and the like. At present, the banana garden acre benefits landslide is improved in labor cost and production cost, and the demand for convenient, low-cost and efficient banana wilt prevention measures is still vigorous.

The utilization and development of natural wastes such as cakes and meal are not only related to the reduction of environmental pollution, but also an important approach for improving economic benefits, and are often used as feed additives, fertilizers and the like for secondary utilization, and also as raw materials for extraction of organic compounds. Vegetable oil meal, cotton meal and the like are widely applied to banana planting, and have remarkable functions in improving fertility and the like. The tung tree is perennial woody wood, and the tung oil is industrial vegetable oil prepared by mechanically squeezing, processing and refining picked tung tree fruits. The tung oil is an important oil product in China, a large amount of tung oil meal is produced in annual production, but the application of the tung oil meal in banana cultivation is not reported yet.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a tung oil meal, a tung oil meal water extract and application thereof in reducing the incidence rate of banana vascular wilt and promoting banana growth.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

Application of tung oil meal in banana cultivation is provided.

Furthermore, the tung oil meal is applied to reducing the incidence rate of banana vascular wilt and promoting banana growth.

Further, the tung oil meal is applied to the preparation of banana cultivation fertilizers or regulators.

Further, the tung oil meal is applied to preparation of fertilizer or regulator for inhibiting Foc < 4 > banana wilt.

Further, the tung oil meal is applied to preparation of fertilizer or regulator for improving activity of banana root POD, SOD, CAT, PPO.

And the tung oil meal water extract is prepared from the tung oil meal.

The preparation method of the tung oil meal water extract comprises the steps of weighing 8-10 g of tung oil meal, adding the tung oil meal into 100-120 mL of sterile water, placing the sterile water into a shaking table for 100-120 rpm, extracting at 26-30 ℃ for 22-26 hours, and filtering to obtain the tung oil meal water extract.

Further, the preparation method of the tung oil meal water extract comprises the steps of weighing 10 g of the tung oil meal, adding the tung oil meal into 100 mL sterile water, placing into a shaking table for 100rpm and extracting at 28 ℃ for 24 hours, and filtering to obtain the tung oil meal water extract.

Furthermore, the tung oil meal water extract is applied to reducing the incidence rate of banana vascular wilt and promoting banana growth.

Further, the tung oil meal water extract is applied to preparation of fertilizer or regulator for inhibiting Foc < 4 > banana wilt.

Further, the tung oil meal water extract is applied to preparation of fertilizer or regulator for improving activity of banana root POD, SOD, CAT, PPO.

Further, the fertilizer is an organic fertilizer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

The invention applies the tung oil meal and the tung oil meal water extract prepared from the tung oil meal to banana cultivation. The tung oil meal and the tung oil meal water extract can effectively inhibit the growth of No. four physiological seeds (Foc 4) of banana wilt in the banana cultivation process, reduce the incidence rate of banana seedling blight, increase the content of the plant protection enzymes such as root Polyphenol Oxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) by stimulating the activity of the plant protection enzymes in the banana seedling growth process, thereby stimulating the growth of roots, especially the meristem growth of the roots, promoting the growth of leaves, improving the chlorophyll content, accumulating dry matters, and the like through the growth development of the root systems, so that the plant protection enzymes can effectively promote the growth and development, and have wide application prospects in industry.

The invention can extract active substances in tung oil meal by adopting a proper water leaching process, thereby improving the growth of No. four physiological micro-seeds (Foc 4) for inhibiting banana wilt, reducing the incidence rate of seedling blight and promoting the growth and development of banana root systems.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the influence of tung oil meal added into a culture medium according to different proportions on banana seedling resistance, wherein FIG. 1a shows banana seedling morbidity in a form of observation, A shows banana seedlings of a1 st negative control group, C shows banana seedlings of a2 nd positive control group, E shows banana seedlings of a3 rd group, G shows banana seedlings of a 4 th group, I shows banana seedlings of a 5 th group, FIG. 1B shows banana seedling morbidity in an index, B shows banana seedling rhizome anatomy map of the 1 st negative control group, D shows banana seedling rhizome anatomy map of the 2 nd positive control group, F shows banana seedling rhizome anatomy map of the 3 rd group, H shows banana seedling anatomy map of the 4 th group, and J shows banana seedling rhizome anatomy map of the 5 th group.

FIG. 2 shows statistics of internal and external morbidity indexes of banana seedling blight by adding tung oil meal with different proportions into a culture medium.

FIG. 3 shows the effect of different dilution factors on the effect of the tung oil meal water extract on Foc, wherein A is the growth of a plate culture colony of group A, B is the growth of a plate culture colony of group B, C is the growth of a plate culture colony of group C, D is the growth of a plate culture colony of group D, E is the growth of a plate culture colony of group E, F is the inhibition rate of each group, and in the figure, the abc letters are different to show that the difference is obvious (P < 0.05).

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the following provides specific examples to further illustrate the present invention.

The experimental methods used in the embodiment of the invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

Materials, reagents, and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

The banana variety tested was Brazil banana (Musa Cavendish subgroup cv brazil, AAA), which was purchased from Hainan Homeo two-institute of technology, inc., five-leaf one-heart stage cupped seedlings, tung oil meal was purchased from Xiangyang City Gucheng county, hubei province, and banana wilt No. four physiological race (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, foc 4) was supplied by national academy of Tropical agriculture and plant protection research.

EXAMPLE 1 Effect of tung oil meal on the incidence of banana vascular wilt

In the same environment, carrying out potting experiments by taking five-leaf one-heart Brazil banana seedlings as research materials, dividing the experiment process into the 1 st to 5 th groups, carrying out potting on 9 th to 5 th groups, sequentially adding tung oil meal serving as a regulator into a culture medium according to 0g/L, 10g/L, 1g/L and 0.1g/L respectively, uniformly mixing (nutrient soil in the culture medium: vermiculite mass ratio is=2:1), filling the uniformly mixed culture medium into small basins, each basin is 1L of soil, planting banana seedlings, respectively irrigating Foc bacterial suspensions with 105 spores/mL according to the quantity of 100 mL/mL after one week to the 2 nd to 5 th groups by adopting clear water for irrigation, wherein the 1 st group is a positive control group. And then regularly observing, and after 4 weeks of banana seedlings are planted, respectively counting the morbidity and internal and external morbidity indexes of each group of banana seedlings. The external disease symptoms are yellow spots on banana seedling leaves, curved and drooping leaf stalks, withered leaves or withered whole seedlings. Internal symptoms are seen by cutting at the rhizome to see yellow or reddish brown spots between the central medulla and cortex or black brown roots and drying out after cutting. The results are shown in FIG. 1 below.

As shown in the following figure 1, the incidence of banana seedlings in groups 3-5 was 66.67%, 73.33% and 80%, respectively, both lower than that of positive control 100% from the incidence of disease in group 2 positive groups. From the aspect of disease indexes, the banana seedlings in groups 3-5 have lower internal disease indexes and external disease indexes, the internal disease indexes and the external disease indexes of the banana seedlings in group 3 are 5.53 and 3.33 respectively, the internal disease indexes and the external disease indexes of the banana seedlings in group 4 are 6.66 and 3.8 respectively, and the internal disease indexes and the external disease indexes of the banana seedlings in group 5 are 6.93 and 4 respectively, which are lower than the internal disease indexes 7.73 and the external disease indexes of positive controls in group 2. The method shows that the incidence rate of bananas can be effectively reduced by adding tung oil meal into a culture medium.

EXAMPLE 2 Effect of tung oil meal on Banana seedling root enzyme Activity

In the same environment, carrying out potting experiments by taking five-leaf one-heart Brazil banana seedlings as research materials, dividing the experiment process into the 1 st to 4 th groups of 9 th potting plants, sequentially adding tung oil meal serving as a regulator into a culture medium according to the ratio of 0g/L, 10g/L, 1g/L and 0.1g/L respectively, uniformly mixing (nutrient soil in the culture medium: vermiculite mass ratio is=2:1), filling the uniformly mixed culture medium into small basins, 1L of soil per basin, planting banana seedlings, spraying urea aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.3% once per week in the 1 st group as a control group, and spraying clear water with the same amount per week in the 2 nd to 4 th groups. After banana seedlings are planted for one week, foc bacterial suspensions with the concentration of 105 spores/mL are respectively irrigated according to the quantity of 100 mL/mL by a root-damaging inoculation method, and activities of Peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of root systems of banana seedlings of each group are respectively measured after 5 days, wherein the measuring method refers to a kit (Solarbio, a Peroxidase (POD) activity detection kit; solarbio, a Catalase (CAT) activity detection kit; solarbio, and a Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL) activity detection kit). The results are shown in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1 influence of addition of tung oil meal to cultivation substrate on the enzyme Activity of 5 antioxidant enzymes at the root of banana seedlings

Note that the same superscript letter indicates significant differences (P < 0.05).

Peroxidases in many plants are often used as physiological indexes and marker genes for disease resistance, and POD, SOD, CAT, PPO, PAL and other antioxidant enzymes form cytoprotective enzymes together, so that important functions are played in maintaining normal metabolism of cells. The results show that the detection of the peroxidase activity of the root system of the banana seedling after the tung oil meal is added into the seedling substrate shows that the increase of the activity of the root system POD, SOD, CAT, PPO of the seedling can be stimulated after Foc is inoculated, and the activities of POD, SOD, CAT and PAL can be further improved after the tung oil meal is added, wherein the difference of the POD, SOD and PPO activities is obvious.

EXAMPLE 3 influence of tung oil meal on banana seedling growth

In the same environment, taking five-leaf and one-heart Brazil banana seedlings as research materials for potting experiments, dividing the experiment process into five groups of 1 st to 4 th, taking 9 th potting, sequentially adding tung oil meal as fertilizer into cultivation matrixes according to the mass ratio of nutrient soil to vermiculite in the cultivation matrixes of 0g/L, 10g/L, 1g/L and 0.1g/L respectively, loading the cultivation matrixes after being uniformly mixed into small basins, 1L of soil per basin, planting banana seedlings, taking urea aqueous solution with mass concentration of 0.3% once per week as a control group, taking spraying as a control group, and spraying clear water with the same amount per week for groups of 2 to 4. After banana seedlings were grown for 4 weeks, each group of seedlings was examined for changes in fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll content, root length, root volume, root surface area, root diameter, and the results are shown in table 2 below.

TABLE 2 statistical conditions of promoting seedling growth and development with different proportions of tung oil meal addition

The results show that compared with the conventional 1 st control group using chemical fertilizers, after the tung oil meal is used, the leaf color of banana leaves is dark green and strong, the leaf dry weight and fresh weight of the banana leaves are obviously higher than those of the control group, the chlorophyll content of the banana leaves is higher than that of the control group, but the 4 th group with the adding amount of the tung oil meal of 0.1g/L is not obvious from the control group, further observation of root systems shows that the root systems of treatment groups with the tung oil meal are more developed, and the root systems of Brazilian banana seedlings in groups 2-4 are measured to show that the root length, the root volume and the root surface area of the banana seedlings are higher than those of the control group, wherein the highest treatment of the 3 rd group is obviously higher than other treatments. Specifically, root length, root volume and root surface area are the highest in the 3 rd group treatment group and are significantly higher than in the control group, but root diameter shows that the treatment group is significantly lower than the control group except that the 2 nd group is close to the control group. The method shows that the growth of banana seedling root systems can be promoted by adding tung oil meal into a culture medium, and the growth of leaves, the improvement of chlorophyll content, the accumulation of dry matters and the like are promoted by the development of the root systems, so that the effect of promoting the growth and the development of banana seedlings is achieved.

EXAMPLE 4 Effect of tung oil meal Water extract on inhibition of Foc 4 Effect

The inhibition effect of the tung oil meal extract on Foc 4 is researched through a plate inhibition experiment, and the influence on the inhibition effect after the growth process of hypha inhibition and dilution of different multiples is observed.

The preparation method of the tung oil meal water extract comprises the steps of weighing 10g of tung oil meal, adding the tung oil meal into 100mL of sterile water, putting the sterile water into a shaking table for 100rpm and extracting at 28 ℃ for 24 hours, and filtering to obtain the tung oil meal water extract.

The tung oil meal water extract prepared in the mode is added into sterilized PDA culture medium according to the gradient of 4 times of undiluted, diluted 10 times, 100 times and 1000 times, respectively, 10 mu L/mL is added into sterilized PDA culture medium, shaking is carried out evenly, the mixture is poured into a 85mm bacterial culture dish according to 20 mL/dish, and a flat plate without the tung oil meal water extract is used as a group A control. After the flat plate is solidified, a round Foc-4 fungus block with the diameter of 0.5cm is inoculated, the obtained product is placed into an incubator for culturing for 7 days at the temperature of 28 ℃, the diameter of a colony is measured and recorded every day, and the bacteriostasis rate (%) is calculated. The results are shown in FIG. 3 below.

Antibacterial ratio = (control colony diameter-treated colony diameter)/control colony diameter x 100%)

As shown in figure 3, the result shows that the tung oil meal water extract has a remarkable inhibiting effect on banana fusarium wilt bacteria growth. The bacterial colony diameter of the B group undiluted tung oil meal water extract is greatly different from that of a control after being added into a flat plate, the bacterial inhibition rate is increased from the next day to the fourth day, the bacterial inhibition rate is up to the highest, then the bacterial inhibition rate is gradually reduced, the bacterial inhibition rates in 2 to 7 days are respectively 52.6%,59.52%,56.54%,53.73%,51.9%,49.42%, and the tung oil meal can effectively inhibit the growth of Foc hyphae. The bacteriostasis rate rises from the next day to the fourth day, and then gradually decreases. After the tung oil meal water extract is diluted by different times, the bacteriostasis rate of the tung oil meal water extract is obviously reduced. The difference between 10-fold dilution and 100-fold dilution is not significant, and the difference between 100-fold dilution and 1000-fold dilution is significant. After 10 times dilution, the bacteriostasis rates of 2 to 7 days are 36.15%,39.17%,38.66%,38.38%,38.28% and 37.05% respectively. After 100 times dilution, the bacteriostasis rates of groups D are 34.79%,37.20%,38.66%,38.09%,37.42% and 36.72% respectively in 2 to 7 days. After the E group is diluted 1000 times, the bacteriostasis rates of 2 to 7 days are 19.19 percent, 26.21 percent, 27.58 percent, 29.16 percent, 30.28 percent and 30.29 percent respectively.

The banana seedlings are watered as fertilizer after 10 times, 100 times and 1000 times dilution of the tung oil meal water extract, 100mL of urea aqueous solution with the same quantity and mass concentration of 0.3% is sprayed every time, then the banana seedlings are planted for 4 weeks, the root length, the root volume and the root surface area of the banana seedlings watered with the tung oil meal water extract are higher than those of the control group, and the fresh weight, the dry weight and the chlorophyll content of the banana seedlings watered with the tung oil meal water extract are higher than those of the control group. The tung oil meal water extract can promote the growth of banana seedlings.

In addition, the preparation method of the tung oil meal ethanol extract comprises the steps of weighing 10g of the tung oil meal, adding the tung oil meal into 100 mL of absolute ethanol, putting into a shaking table for 100rpm, extracting at 28 ℃ for 24 hours, and filtering to obtain the tung oil meal ethanol extract. The bacteriostatic effect of the undiluted tung oil meal ethanol extract on Foc bacteria was determined. The bacteriostasis test method is the same as that of the tung oil meal ethanol extract, and the bacteriostasis rates of the tung oil meal ethanol extract are respectively 39.2%,51.38%,46.37%,45.63%,46.49% and 35.61% after being measured for 2-7 days, and the bacteriostasis effect of the tung oil meal ethanol extract is obviously lower than that of the tung oil meal water extract although the bacteriostasis test method can also inhibit the growth of Foc hyphae. And then, the tung oil meal ethanol extract is diluted by 10 times, 100 times and 1000 times by water, banana seedlings are irrigated in the same mode, and the tung oil meal water extract with various indexes worse than the same dilution is used for promoting banana growth.

In addition, through research on tung oil meal water extract, the substances capable of playing a role in bacteriostasis contain water-soluble substances such as macromolecules of proteins.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. Application of tung oil meal in reducing the incidence of banana wilt disease, characterized in that the tung oil meal is used in the preparation of a banana growth regulator for inhibiting banana wilt disease; the banana wilt disease is banana wilt disease caused by banana wilt disease physiological race 4 Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense 4.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that the tung oil meal improves the activities of superoxide dismutase SOD and polyphenol oxidase PPO in banana roots to reduce the incidence of banana wilt.