CN119069735A - Fuel cell stack end plate, fuel cell stack and vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses a stack end plate, a fuel cell stack and a vehicle, and belongs to the field of fuel cell technology. The stack end plate includes an end plate body, and a through end plate flow channel is provided in the end plate body to form an inner port and an outer port on the two end faces of the end plate, respectively. The projections of the inner port and the outer port in the thickness direction of the end plate have a non-overlapping area, and the aspect ratio of the inner port is greater than the aspect ratio of the outer port. The side wall of the end plate flow channel is provided with a guide slope opposite to the outer port in the non-overlapping area, and a diverter rib extending along the flow direction of the medium is provided in the end plate flow channel. In order to meet the gas consumption and cooling requirements of high-power fuel cells, the inner port is narrower and longer than the outer port. By providing a guide slope and a diverter rib, the gas-liquid medium entering the stack through the stack end plate can be distributed more evenly under a lower pressure loss, which is conducive to the performance consistency of the stack.

Description

Pile end plate, fuel cell pile and vehicle

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and particularly relates to a pile end plate, a fuel cell pile and a vehicle.

Background

When the power of a general fuel cell stack is increased, the caliber requirements of gas flow channels and cooling liquid flow channels are obviously increased, the flow channels cannot be met by the end plates which are arranged on the end plates due to the limitation of the short sides of the end plates, the four-side distributed flow channels are generally selected, but the length-width ratio of the flow channels is obviously increased, and the flow channels are required to be divided into a plurality of flow channel cavities, so that the problems of reducing the flow resistance and controlling the uniform distribution of all the flow channel cavities are urgent to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the application provides the pile end plate, the fuel cell pile and the vehicle, so that gas-liquid medium entering the pile through the pile end plate is distributed more uniformly under the condition of lower pressure loss, and the performance consistency of the pile is facilitated.

In a first aspect, the application provides a pile end plate, which comprises an end plate body, wherein a through end plate runner is arranged in the end plate body so as to form an inner port and an outer port on two end surfaces of the end plate respectively, a non-overlapping area is formed on the projection of the inner port and the outer port in the thickness direction of the end plate, the length-width ratio of the inner port is larger than that of the outer port, a diversion inclined surface opposite to the outer port is arranged on the side wall of the end plate runner in the non-overlapping area, and a diversion rib extending along the medium flowing direction is arranged in the end plate runner.

According to the pile end plate, in order to meet the air consumption and cooling requirements of the high-power fuel cell, the inner end is longer and narrower than the outer end, and the diversion inclined plane and the diversion ribs are arranged, so that the medium entering the pile through the pile end plate is distributed more uniformly under the condition of lower pressure loss, and the performance consistency of the pile is facilitated.

According to an embodiment of the present application, the dimension of the end plate flow passage in the width direction of the inner port is in a decreasing trend in the direction of medium flow, and the dimension of the end plate flow passage in the length direction of the inner port is in an increasing trend in the direction of medium flow, so that the flow guiding slope is inclined in the width direction of the inner port.

According to one embodiment of the application, the flow guiding inclined surface is a smoothly curved surface, the flow guiding inclined surface is arranged on the side wall of the end plate flow channel, which is close to the center of the end plate body, the side wall of the end plate flow channel, which is towards the edge of the end plate body, is a plane, and/or,

The flow guiding inclined plane is in transitional connection with the inner port and the outer port through an arc surface, or the flow guiding inclined plane extends inwards from the outer port and is in transitional connection with the inner port through an arc surface.

According to one embodiment of the present application, the height of the diversion slope is h2, and the dimension of the diversion slope in the width direction of the inner port is d6, which satisfies the following conditions:

0.4≤h2/d6≤0.6。

According to one embodiment of the application, the flow dividing ribs are arranged at least two, and the at least two flow dividing ribs are arranged at one end of the end plate flow channel close to the inner end opening and are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the inner end opening so as to divide the inner end opening into a plurality of stacking inlets distributed along the length direction.

According to one embodiment of the application, two flow dividing ribs are provided, the two flow dividing ribs divide the inner port into three pile inlets distributed along the length direction of the end plate body, wherein the pile inlets at two ends have lengths d1 and d3 respectively, and the pile inlet at the middle has a length d2, so that the following conditions are satisfied:

d1=d3>d2。

according to one embodiment of the present application, the distance between the two flow dividing ribs increases along the medium flowing direction, the distance between the two flow dividing ribs near the outer port is d4, and the length dimension of the outer port is d5, so that the following conditions are satisfied:

d4/d5 is more than or equal to 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.3, and/or,

The height of reposition of redundant personnel muscle is H1, the thickness of end plate body is H, satisfies:

0.3≤h1/H≤0.6。

According to one embodiment of the application, the stack end plate further comprises a manifold, the manifold is mounted on the outer end face of the end plate body, a manifold runner is arranged in the manifold, different surfaces of the manifold form an end plate interface and a pipe joint communicated with the manifold runner, the pipe joint is different from the end plate interface in shape, the end plate interface is communicated with the outer port and is identical in shape, and the manifold runner and the end plate runner are communicated to form a transfer runner together.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell stack comprising a stack end plate according to any of the first aspects.

According to the fuel cell stack, the stack end plate in the first aspect is used, so that the power is increased, and the flow channel cavities are distributed more uniformly, so that the performance consistency of the stack is improved, and the working efficiency of the fuel cell stack is improved.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a vehicle comprising a fuel cell stack as described in the second aspect, the fuel cell stack being for providing electrical energy to the vehicle.

According to the vehicle of the present application, by using the fuel cell stack as in the second aspect, the vehicle comprehensive performance and the running stability are improved.

Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.

Drawings

The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pile end plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at A-A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure at B-B in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a stack end plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the original version of the end plate flow channel.

Reference numerals:

1. The end plate body, 11, end plate flow channels, 111, diversion inclined planes, 112, diversion ribs, 12, an inner end surface, 121, an inner end surface, 122, a sealing groove, 13, an outer end surface, 131, an outer end surface, 2, a manifold, 21, a manifold flow channel, 22, an end plate interface, 23 and a pipe joint.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the application.

The proton exchange membrane fuel cell (proton exchange membrane fuel cell, PEMFC) is a power generation device for directly converting chemical energy in fuel into electric energy, and has the advantages of low working temperature, quick start, high specific power, simple structure, convenient operation and the like, so the fuel cell is widely applied to the industries of automobile industry, energy power generation, ship industry, aerospace, household power supply and the like.

Bipolar plates and membrane electrodes are important components in a fuel cell stack, the bipolar plates are used for distributing fuel, conducting and supporting the membrane electrodes, the membrane electrodes are places where electrochemical reactions occur, one fuel cell is also called a single cell, and in order to improve the output power of the whole fuel cell, a plurality of single cells are usually stacked and combined in a serial manner, so that a fuel cell stack is assembled. The end plates are divided into an air inlet end plate and a blind end plate, are respectively positioned at two ends of the fuel cell stack, and play a role in transmitting the fastening pressure of the stack together with other fasteners. The end plate is connected with the current collecting plate, and the end plate also has the functions of pile sealing and insulation, and in addition, the air inlet end plate connected with one side of the air inlet manifold also has the functions of distributing pile reaction gas and cooling liquid.

In order to ensure the performance of the galvanic pile, the design of the inlet end plate flow channel with low flow resistance, uniform distribution and the like is particularly important. In the related art, the gas-liquid channel nozzles of the fuel cell stack end plates are arranged on two short sides of the end plates, and the arrangement mode has the advantages of simple channel structure, small pressure loss, small sealing area and the like. When the power of the fuel cell stack increases, the flow area requirements of the air flow channel nozzles and the coolant flow channel nozzles increase significantly. The mode of arranging the gas-liquid flow channels on the two short sides of the air inlet end plate is not applicable due to the limitation of the short side size of the end plate, and the flow channels are required to be arranged on the long side of the end plate, so that the gas-liquid flow channels are distributed all around along the peripheral side of the air inlet end plate to meet the power requirement of the electric pile. The aspect ratio of the flow channel can be obviously increased by changing the arrangement mode, the flow resistance of the gas-liquid medium after entering the end plate from the pipeline is larger, and in order to ensure that the reaction gas or the cooling liquid uniformly enters the electric pile so as to ensure the consistency of the electric pile performance, the flow channel is generally required to be divided into a plurality of flow channel cavities, and the flow rate of each flow channel cavity is difficult to ensure the uniformity. How to reduce the flow resistance and how to control the uniform distribution of the individual flow channel cavities is thus a need to be addressed.

Based on the above consideration, the application provides a pile end plate, which is applied to an air inlet end plate, so that gas-liquid medium entering a pile through the pile end plate is distributed more uniformly under the condition of lower pressure loss, and the pile performance consistency is favorably exerted.

A stack end plate according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4.

Referring to fig. 1,2 and 3, the stack end plate according to the embodiment of the present application includes an end plate body 1, a through end plate flow channel 11 is provided in the end plate body 1, so as to form an inner port 121 and an outer port 131 on two end surfaces of the end plate, a non-overlapping area is formed on a projection of the inner port 121 and the outer port 131 in a thickness direction of the end plate, an aspect ratio of the inner port 121 is greater than an aspect ratio of the outer port 131, a flow guiding inclined surface 111 opposite to the outer port 131 is provided on a side wall of the end plate flow channel 11 in the non-overlapping area, and a flow guiding rib 112 extending along a medium flow direction is provided in the end plate flow channel 11.

It will be appreciated that the two end surfaces of the end plate are an inner end surface 12 close to the core and an outer end surface 13 remote from the core, respectively, the end plate flow passage 11 penetrates in the thickness direction of the end plate body 1 to form an inner port 121 on the inner end surface 12 for communication with the fuel cell stack inner flow passage cavity, and an outer port 131 on the outer end surface 13 for communication with the external pipe.

The aspect ratio of the inner port 121 is greater than that of the outer port 131, because the flow channel cavities inside the fuel cell stack are distributed around the circumference of the end plate, so that the cross section of the flow channel cavities is generally in a long and narrow shape, thereby reducing space occupation while ensuring flow rate, and the aspect ratio of the inner port 121 is generally greater, while the outer pipe is generally a circular pipe, so that the outer port 131 is conveniently connected with the outer pipe, and therefore the aspect ratio of the outer port 131 is generally smaller, thereby making the shapes of the inner port 121 and the outer port 131 different. It will be appreciated that to facilitate shape changes of the inner port 121 and the outer port 131, the inner port 121 and the outer port 131 are the same in length.

Here, the length direction indicated in fig. 2 refers to the width direction of the inner port 121 and the outer port 131 corresponding to the end plate flow channel 11 in the drawing, and the width direction indicated in fig. 3 refers to the length direction of the inner port 121 and the outer port 131 corresponding to the end plate flow channel 11 in the drawing, not the length direction and the width direction of the end plate body 1.

The shape of the inner port 121 is different from that of the outer port 131, and the inner port 121 and the outer port 131 are at least partially arranged in a dislocation manner in the thickness direction of the end plate, so that the size difference between the inner port 121 and the outer port 131 is reduced, and the flow resistance is reduced in the section change process of the end plate flow channel 11 by arranging the flow guide inclined surface 111 opposite to the outer port 131 on the side wall of the end plate flow channel 11 in a non-overlapping area, namely, the flow guide inclined surface 111 can be seen from one side of the outer port 131, so that after the gas-liquid medium enters the end plate flow channel 11 from the outer port 131, at least part of the gas-liquid medium contacts with the flow guide inclined surface 111.

The flow dividing ribs 112 correspond to the separators between the plurality of flow channel cavities of the same medium in the fuel cell, so that the gas-liquid medium in the end plate flow channel 11 is divided into different flow channel cavities by arranging the flow dividing ribs 112 in the end plate flow channel 11, the uniformity of the flow in each flow channel cavity is improved, and the flow resistance is low.

It should be further noted that the end plate runner 11 may be one of a cooling medium inlet runner, a cooling medium outlet runner, an air inlet runner, an air outlet runner, a hydrogen inlet runner and a hydrogen outlet runner, which is not limited in particular.

According to the pile end plate, in order to meet the air consumption and cooling requirements of a high-power fuel cell, the inner port 121 is longer and narrower than the outer port 131, and the diversion inclined plane 111 and the diversion ribs 112 are arranged, so that the medium entering the pile through the pile end plate is distributed more uniformly under the condition of lower pressure loss, and the performance consistency of the pile is facilitated.

In some embodiments, the end plate body 1 may be made of an aluminum plastic material, the end plate body 1 is made of an aluminum alloy material, so as to ensure structural strength of the end plate, and a side wall part of the end plate runner 11 in the end plate body 1 is made of a plastic material, so that insulation and safety performance are ensured. And the flow dividing ribs 112 are arranged in the end plate flow channels 11, so that an additional flow equalizing plate is not required. The pile end plate of the application can not only ensure the structural strength of the fuel cell, but also ensure the medium circulation and insulation, so the pile end plate of the application can be designed for three-in-one of a shell end plate, an air inlet end plate and an insulation end plate, and the number of independent components required by a fuel cell system is reduced. This not only simplifies the system layout and assembly process, but also helps reduce potential leakage risk and maintenance costs.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, according to some embodiments of the present application, the dimension of the end plate flow channel 11 in the width direction of the inner port 121 may be reduced in the direction of medium flow, and the dimension of the end plate flow channel 11 in the length direction of the inner port 121 may be increased in the direction of medium flow, so that the flow guiding slope 111 is inclined in the width direction of the inner port 121.

It should be noted that, to meet the requirement of the high-power fuel cell, the pipe diameter of the external pipe is generally larger to ensure the flow rate of the gas-liquid medium, and the end plate flow channel 11 is adapted to the large flow rate, and the size of the external port 131 is also larger, so that the size of the external port 131 in the width direction is larger than the size of the internal port 121 in the width direction, and the size of the external port 131 in the length direction is smaller than the size of the internal port 121 in the length direction.

The dimension of the end plate flow passage 11 in the width direction of the inner port 121 thereby tends to decrease in the direction of medium flow, and the dimension of the end plate flow passage 11 in the length direction of the inner port 121 tends to increase in the direction of medium flow, and the end plate flow passage 11 becomes gradually elongated. It will be appreciated that, to improve the uniformity of the respective flow channel chambers, the outer port 131 is centrally disposed along the length of the inner port 121 such that the flow guiding chamfer 111 is disposed obliquely along the width of the inner port 121 to facilitate flow guiding of the gas-liquid medium entering the end plate flow channel 11.

Referring to fig. 2, according to some embodiments of the present application, the flow guiding inclined surface 111 may be a smooth curved surface, the flow guiding inclined surface 111 is disposed on a side wall of the end plate flow channel 11 facing toward the center of the end plate body 1, and a side wall of the end plate flow channel 11 facing toward the edge of the end plate body 1 is a plane.

By setting the diversion slope 111 to a smooth curved surface, the resistance when the gas-liquid medium collides with the diversion slope 111 is reduced. It will be appreciated that the flow channel cavities are typically provided on the peripheral side of the fuel cell to reduce space occupation by providing the flow guide ramps 111 on the side walls of the end plate flow channels 11 towards the centre near the end plate body 1 so that the flow channel cavities corresponding to the inner ports 121 can be closer to the periphery of the fuel cell and facilitate connection of the manifolds 2 on the outer end face 13 of the stack end plate.

By arranging the side walls of the end plate flow channels 11 facing the edges of the end plate body 1 as flat surfaces to reduce the flow resistance, it is understood that the flat surfaces extend in the thickness direction of the end plate.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the diversion slope 111 may be in transitional connection with the inner port 121 and the outer port 131 through an arc surface. Through setting up arc surface transitional coupling, in order to reduce the flow resistance.

Referring to fig. 2, according to some embodiments of the application, the diversion slope 111 extends inward from the outer port 131 and is in transitional connection with the inner port 121 through an arc surface. Through setting up arc surface transitional coupling, in order to reduce the flow resistance.

Illustratively, the outer port 131 may be a semicircular arc and rectangular composite shape, the inner port 121 may be rectangular, wherein the semicircular arc portion of the outer port 131 is located at a side close to the center of the end plate body 1, the rectangular side of the outer port 131 is connected with one side plane of the inner port 121, one end of the flow guiding inclined surface 111 close to the outer port 131 is connected with the semicircular arc side of the outer port 131, four side walls of the end plate flow channel 11 close to one end of the inner port 121 may be planar, and the flow guiding inclined surface 111 is connected with the side walls close to the inner port 121 through arc surface transition to reduce flow resistance.

Referring to fig. 2, according to some embodiments of the present application, the height of the diversion slope 111 is h2, and the dimension of the diversion slope 111 in the width direction of the inner port 121 is d6, which may satisfy:

0.4≤h2/d6≤0.6。

it will be appreciated that the lower the slope of the flow-directing ramp 111, the greater the flow resistance, but facilitating the sizing of the outer port 131, the greater the flow-directing area over a limited height range, and that the greater the slope of the flow-directing ramp 111, the lower the flow resistance, but the smaller the footprint, and the smaller the flow-directing area over a limited height range. By defining the ratio of the height of the diversion ramp 111 to the width of the diversion ramp 111, the diversion area is increased as much as possible under the condition of lower flow resistance, so that the shape design of the outer port 131 and the inner port 121 is facilitated, and the diversion effect is improved.

Wherein the range of values of h2/d6 is [0.4,0.6], exemplary values of h2/d6 may be 0.4, 0.42, 0.45, 0.47, 0.5, 0.52, 0.55, 0.57, 0.6, or other ratios between 0.4-0.6, without limitation herein.

Referring to fig. 3, according to some embodiments of the present application, the flow dividing ribs 112 may be at least two, and at least two flow dividing ribs 112 may be disposed at one end of the end plate flow channel 11 near the inner port 121 and spaced apart along the length direction of the inner port 121, so as to divide the inner port 121 into a plurality of stacking ports distributed along the length direction.

When the length dimension of the flow cross section of the long side of the end plate is larger, a plurality of flow channel cavities are generally arranged, and the inner buckling section is divided into a plurality of pile inlets distributed along the length direction by arranging a plurality of flow dividing ribs 112, so that the pile inlets can be respectively and correspondingly connected with the flow channel cavities.

The number of the flow dividing ribs 112 is not limited herein, and may be two, three, four or more, and may be planned according to the overall design of the fuel cell stack.

As shown in fig. 3, in some embodiments, the shunt bar 112 is spaced from the outer port 131 near an end of the outer port 131. The arrangement of the flow dividing rib 112 near the inner port 121 ensures that the fluid is divided when approaching the inner port 121, which reduces mixing and interference of the fluid in the end plate flow passage 11, thereby making the flow division more uniform. In addition, the flow dividing ribs 112 and the outer ports 131 are arranged at intervals, so that more space is reserved in the end plate flow channel 11 for accelerating and stabilizing the medium, pressure loss can be reduced, the medium is prevented from flowing to the inner ports 121, and kinetic energy of the medium is better utilized. And the flow path of the medium in the end plate flow channel 11 is more reasonable, which is helpful for optimizing the flow state of the medium, reducing the generation of vortex and turbulence and improving the efficiency and stability of the whole system.

Referring to fig. 3, according to some embodiments of the present application, two of the flow dividing ribs 112 may be provided, and the two flow dividing ribs 112 divide the inner port 121 into three pile-in ports distributed along the length direction of the end plate body 1, wherein lengths of the pile-in ports at two ends are d1 and d3, respectively, and lengths of the pile-in ports at the middle are d2, so that d1=d3 > d2 may be satisfied.

It will be appreciated that, because the middle inlet is opposite to the outer port 131, the flow resistance of the middle inlet is relatively smaller, so that the flow rates of the two inlets at the two ends are relatively consistent by setting the same size of the two inlets at the two ends, and the flow rate of the middle inlet is limited by setting the size of the middle inlet to be smaller than the size of the two inlets at the two ends, so as to ensure that the flow rate of the middle inlet is relatively consistent with the flow rate of the inlet at the two ends under the condition that the flow resistance of the middle inlet is smaller.

In some embodiments, 1.1.ltoreq.d1/d2.ltoreq.1.3 may be satisfied. The uniformity of the flow of the three stack inlets is ensured by limiting the ratio range of the lengths of the stack inlets at the two ends to the length of the stack inlet in the middle.

Where d1/d2 has a value in the range of [1.1,1.3], exemplary values of d1/d2 may be 1.1, 1.12, 1.15, 1.17, 1.2, 1.22, 1.25, 1.27, 1.3, or other values between 1.1-1.3, without limitation herein.

Referring to fig. 3, according to some embodiments of the present application, the distance between the two flow dividing ribs 112 may increase along the medium flow direction, the distance between the two flow dividing ribs 112 near the outer port 131 is d4, and the length dimension of the outer port 131 is d5, which may satisfy that d4/d5 is 0.2 and less than or equal to 0.3.

Because the length of the inner port 121 is greater than that of the outer port 131, in order to improve the uniformity of the flow division, the distance between the two flow dividing ribs 112 is set to increase in the medium flow direction, that is, the direction from the outer port 131 to the inner port 121 increases, so that the cross-sectional dimensions of the three flow dividing chambers defined by the flow dividing ribs 112 in the medium flow direction are relatively even.

The flow dividing ribs 112 are arranged in an arc shape to reduce the flow resistance and match the modeling design of the entire end plate flow channel 11.

By defining the dimensional ratio of the spacing of the diverter ribs 112 adjacent the outer ports 131 to the length of the outer ports 131, the flow into the middle and side flow channel cavities is reasonably distributed.

Where d4/d5 has a value in the range of [0.2,0.3], exemplary values of d4/d5 may be 0.2, 0.21, 0.22, 0.23, 0.24, 0.25, 0.26, 0.27, 0.28, 0.29, 0.3, or other values between 0.2 and 0.3, without specific limitation herein.

Referring to FIG. 3, in some embodiments, the total length of the flow cross section of the inner port 121 is d1+d2+d3, and the length of the outer port 131 is d5, so that d5/(d1+d2+d3) > 0.5 can be satisfied.

By defining the ratio of the lengths of the outer port 131 and the inner port 121 to be not less than 0.5, it is advantageous to reduce the flow resistance, and to improve the uniformity of flow distribution, and to exert the uniformity of the cell stack performance.

Referring to FIG. 3, according to some embodiments of the present application, the height of the flow dividing rib 112 is H1, and the thickness of the end plate body 1 is H, which may satisfy 0.3.ltoreq.h1/H.ltoreq.0.6.

The diversion ribs 112 are arranged at intervals with the outer ports 131 of the end plates, and the ratio of the height of the diversion ribs 112 to the thickness of the end plate body 1 is limited so as to ensure that a sufficient distance is reserved for acceleration and stabilization after a medium enters the end plate flow channel 11, so that the pressure loss can be reduced, the diversion uniformity is improved, and the medium flow uniformity in each flow channel cavity is improved.

Where the value of H1/H is in the range of [0.3,0.6], exemplary values of H1/H may be 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, or other values between 0.3 and 0.6, without limitation.

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, according to some embodiments of the present application, the stack end plate further includes a manifold 2, the manifold 2 is mounted on the outer end surface 13 of the end plate body 1, a manifold runner 21 is disposed in the manifold 2, different surfaces of the manifold 2 form an end plate interface 22 and a pipe interface 23 that are communicated with the manifold runner 21, the pipe interface 23 is different from the end plate interface 22 in shape, the end plate interface 22 is communicated with the outer port 131 and has the same shape, and the manifold runner 21 and the end plate runner 11 are communicated to form a transfer runner together.

This design allows for flexible connection of the intake end plate to the external ductwork due to the different shapes of the end plate interface 22 and the pipe interface 23. It can be appreciated that the external pipelines are generally round tubes, and the shape of the flow channel in the reactor core is finally changed according to the design of the actual reactor core, so that the circular flow cross section is required to be transferred onto the flow channel of the reactor core, and the rationality of the design of the whole transfer flow channel is required to be ensured in order to reduce the flow resistance as much as possible and improve the performance of the reactor core.

During design production, the end plate body 1 and the manifold 2 can be used as integrated parts to design the transfer flow channel at the same time, and then the transfer flow channel is split into the end plate flow channel 11 in the end plate body 1 and the manifold flow channel 21 in the manifold 2, so that the design space for transfer design is increased, and when the overall size of the galvanic pile is considered, the size of the manifold 2 is generally not considered, so that the flow channel of the manifold 2 cannot cause the increase of the galvanic pile size, and because part of the transfer flow channel is designed in the manifold 2, the length of the end plate flow channel 11 can be compressed, and the thickness of the end plate body 1 can be thinner, so that the size of the galvanic pile is controlled. And when the electric pile is applied to the whole system, the manifold runner 21 can be used along when the system pipeline is designed, and compared with the runner in the end plate body 1 and the runner of the pipe joint which are independently designed, the application can ensure that the gas-liquid parameters are relatively consistent when the electric pile is tested and the system is tested, so that the result of the electric pile test is more accurate, the production and development efficiency is improved, and the product quality is improved.

By integrating the manifold 2 on the end plate body 1 and providing the end plate interface 22 and the pipe interface 23 which are communicated with the manifold runner 21, the design can effectively guide and distribute the gas-liquid medium entering the fuel cell, and the communication of the manifold runner 21 and the end plate runner 11 jointly forms a transfer runner, thereby being beneficial to realizing more uniform and more efficient distribution and further improving the overall performance of the fuel cell.

In some embodiments, a seal is provided between the end plate body 1 and the manifold 2, ensuring tightness of the connection face of the end plate body 1 and the manifold 2.

Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, in some embodiments, the tube interface 23 may be circular, and the diameter of the tube interface 23 may be D, which may satisfy 0.4.ltoreq.d4/D.ltoreq.0.6.

The pipe interface 23 may have a portion corresponding at least in part to an end of the shunt bar 112 adjacent to the outer port 131 to improve uniformity of flow distribution by defining a ratio of a spacing of the shunt bar 112 adjacent to the end of the outer port 131 to a diameter of the pipe interface 23.

Where D4/D has a value in the range of [0.4,0.6], illustratively, D4/D may have a value of 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, 0.6, or other values between 0.4-0.6, without limitation.

Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, in some embodiments, a seal groove 122 may be provided on the inner end surface 12 of the end plate body 1, and the seal groove 122 may be disposed around the inner port 121. Because the flow equalization plate is not required to be arranged in the scheme, the sealing groove 122 only needs to seal the inner port 121 area, reduces the sealing area between the end plate body 1 and the current collecting plate, reduces the contact area between the current collecting plate and a medium, reduces the corrosion resistance requirement of the current collecting plate, reduces the production cost and improves the durability of the product.

The embodiment of the application also provides a fuel cell stack, which comprises the stack end plate according to any one of the technical schemes.

The stack end plate is an intake end plate of the fuel cell stack. Because the fuel cell end plate of the embodiment of the present application includes the stack end plate according to any one of the foregoing technical solutions, the technical features and the technical effects of the stack end plate according to any one of the foregoing technical solutions are not described herein in detail.

Referring to table 1 and fig. 5, fig. 5 shows an original solution of an end plate flow channel, and in accordance with an embodiment of the present application, the stack end plate has a 7.2kPa lower overall stack pressure loss of the entire fuel cell stack compared to the original solution of fig. 5 without a diversion slope, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and output power of the fuel cell and improving the overall energy efficiency ratio. The flow non-uniformity reflects the distribution of three-cavity flow, the three runner cavities of the reactor core are lower than the flow non-uniformity (absolute value), the flow distribution in the three runner cavities is more uniform, the flow is reflected to the whole reactor, the flow non-uniformity of the whole reactor is reduced by 1-2 percentage points, the reactor core fluid distribution is better, and the consistency of the electric reactor performance is better.

TABLE 1

According to the fuel cell stack provided by the embodiment of the application, the stack end plate of any one of the technical schemes is used so as to realize the increase of power, and the flow channel cavities are distributed more uniformly, so that the performance consistency of the stack is facilitated, and the working efficiency of the fuel cell stack is improved.

The embodiment of the application also provides a vehicle, which comprises the fuel cell stack according to any one of the above technical schemes, wherein the fuel cell stack is used for providing electric energy for the vehicle.

It should be noted that, because the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application includes the fuel cell stack according to any one of the foregoing technical solutions, the technical features and the technical effects of the fuel cell stack according to any one of the foregoing technical solutions are not described herein.

According to the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application, the fuel cell stack according to any one of the technical schemes can be used for improving the comprehensive performance and the running stability of the vehicle.

The terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged, as appropriate, such that embodiments of the present application may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and that the objects identified by "first," "second," etc. are generally of a type, and are not limited to the number of objects, such as the first object may be one or more. Furthermore, in the description and claims, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, and the character "/", generally means that the associated object is an "or" relationship.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the application, a "first feature" or "second feature" may include one or more of such features.

In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more.

In the description of the application, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, and may also include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other by another feature therebetween.

In the description of the application, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A stack end plate, characterized in that the stack end plate comprises an end plate body, a through end plate flow channel is provided in the end plate body to respectively form an inner port and an outer port on two end faces of the end plate, the projections of the inner port and the outer port in the thickness direction of the end plate have a non-overlapping area, the aspect ratio of the inner port is greater than the aspect ratio of the outer port, the side wall of the end plate flow channel is provided with a guide slope opposite to the outer port in the non-overlapping area, and a diverter rib extending along the medium flow direction is provided in the end plate flow channel. 2. The stack end plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that the dimension of the end plate flow channel in the width direction of the inner port tends to decrease along the direction of medium circulation, and the dimension of the end plate flow channel in the length direction of the inner port tends to increase along the direction of medium circulation, so that the guide slope is inclined along the width direction of the inner port. 3. The stack end plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the guide slope is a smooth curved surface, the guide slope is arranged on the side wall of the end plate flow channel toward the center of the end plate body, and the side wall of the end plate flow channel toward the edge of the end plate body is a plane; and/or, The flow guiding slope is connected to the inner port and the outer port through an arc surface transition, or the flow guiding slope extends inward from the outer port and is connected to the inner port through an arc surface transition. 4. The stack end plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the height of the guide slope is h2, and the dimension of the guide slope in the width direction of the inner port is d6, which satisfies: 0.4≤h2/d6≤0.6. 5. The stack end plate according to claim 1 is characterized in that there are at least two diverter ribs, and at least two of the diverter ribs are arranged at one end of the end plate flow channel close to the inner port and are spaced apart along the length direction of the inner port to divide the inner port into a plurality of stack inlets distributed along the length direction. 6. The stack end plate according to claim 5, characterized in that two shunt ribs are provided, and the two shunt ribs divide the inner port into three stack inlets distributed along the length direction of the end plate body, wherein the lengths of the stack inlets at the two ends are d1 and d3 respectively, and the length of the stack inlet at the middle is d2, satisfying: d1=d3>d2. 7. The stack end plate according to claim 6, characterized in that the distance between the two shunt ribs increases along the medium flow direction, the distance between the two shunt ribs close to the external port is d4, the length of the external port is d5, and the following conditions are satisfied: 0.2≤d4/d5≤0.3; and/or, The height of the diverter rib is h1, and the thickness of the end plate body is H, which satisfies: 0.3≤h1/H≤0.6. 8. The stack end plate according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that it also includes a manifold, wherein the manifold is installed on the outer end surface of the end plate body, a manifold flow channel is provided in the manifold, different surfaces of the manifold form an end plate interface and a pipe interface connected to the manifold flow channel, the pipe interface and the end plate interface have different shapes, the end plate interface is connected to the external port and have the same shape, the manifold flow channel and the end plate flow channel are connected to form a transfer flow channel together. 9. A fuel cell stack, characterized by comprising a stack end plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 8. 10. A vehicle, characterized by comprising a fuel cell stack as claimed in claim 9, wherein the fuel cell stack is used to provide electrical energy to the vehicle.