CN119039083A - Biochar and bacterial manure combination and application thereof in improving resistance of apple re-planting disease - Google Patents
Biochar and bacterial manure combination and application thereof in improving resistance of apple re-planting disease Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P3/00—Fungicides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Plant Pathology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural fertilizers, and particularly relates to a biochar and bacterial manure combination and application thereof in improving the resistance of apple re-planting diseases. According to the invention, bacterial manure and rice hull carbon with different proportions are added into the apple re-planting soil, so that the apple re-planting obstacle can be greatly relieved. Under the condition of inoculating Fusarium solani, the root system of the apple seedling decays and blackens or even stops growing. However, after the biochar and the bacterial manure are added, the final effect of the rapid growth recovery of apple seedlings is obviously better than that of control treatment. The combined treatment of the biochar and the bacterial manure has strong antibacterial effect and little environmental pollution, can reduce the harm of chemical fumigation to the environment and organisms, can greatly promote the growth of the root systems of the fruit trees, and is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural fertilizers, and particularly relates to a biochar and bacterial manure combination and application thereof in improving the resistance of apple re-planting diseases.
Background
Apples (Malus domesica borkh.) are one of the most popular fruits worldwide, with a wide range of growing areas and huge consumer groups. However, with the decrease of cultivated land area, lineage of planting habit and demand for economic benefit, the re-planting phenomenon is becoming increasingly common, and further the occurrence of re-planting disease is aggravated. Re-planting disorders occur in many horticultural crops, such as apples, pears, peaches, plums, cherries, citrus, strawberries, and the like. The apple replanting obstacle seriously affects the updating and economic benefits of the old apple orchards. Yin Xiaoning has shown that the increase in pathogenic bacteria in the soil is due to the reduced number of beneficial microorganisms in the soil resulting from re-planting and the ecological balance is destroyed. The reason for causing the apple re-planting disease is quite complex, and mainly comprises the deterioration of physical and chemical properties of soil, the accumulation of toxic substances, the accumulation of harmful microorganisms and the like, wherein soil harmful fungi are one of the important reasons for causing the re-planting disorder. At present, rotation, chemical fumigation and biological control are common methods for preventing replanting disease. Chemical fumigation of soil is an effective method for preventing and treating replant diseases at home and abroad at present, however, the method is gradually forbidden due to environmental pollution. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find an efficient, low-toxicity, environment-friendly bactericide to reduce the occurrence and development of apple tree rot.
As a porous material with adsorption characteristics, the biomass charcoal has a great application prospect in soil-borne disease prevention and control. Its adsorption capacity can transfer the secretion of root system, and its porous structure can provide a good growth and propagation environment for most soil microorganisms. The microbial agent can effectively inhibit the infection and proliferation of germs and reduce the occurrence of crop diseases. The microbial agent has important significance for effectively preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases in the rhizosphere of crops, however, the single use of the microbial agent has lower disease prevention and control efficiency due to the complexity of soil environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior researches, and screening and researching the combination of biochar and bacterial manure with the effect of alleviating the apple re-planting disease.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
Firstly, the invention provides a combination of biochar and bacterial manure, wherein the biochar is rice hull charcoal, the active ingredient of the bacterial manure is trichoderma harzianum or bacillus licheniformis, and the mass ratio of the biochar to the bacterial manure is 60:0.8-1.2.
Furthermore, the bacterial manure is water-soluble.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bacterial manure is selected from commercially available special bacterial manure. The biochar is formed by carbonizing crop rice hulls.
Secondly, the invention provides application of the biochar and bacterial manure combination in improving the resistance of apple re-planting diseases.
Further, the application object of the biochar and bacterial manure combination is apple re-planting soil.
Furthermore, the biochar and bacterial manure combination is used for relieving the re-planting obstacle of apples and promoting the growth of apple plants.
Furthermore, the biochar and bacterial manure combination is used for reducing damage of Fusarium putrescens to an apple tree photosynthetic system.
Furthermore, the biochar and bacterial manure combination is used for improving the activities of urease, neutral phosphatase and catalase in the apple re-planting soil.
Furthermore, the biochar and bacterial manure combination is used for improving the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in apple re-planting soil and reducing the relative abundance of harmful bacteria.
The invention further provides a method for preventing and treating apple tree replanting disease, which comprises the step of mixing the biochar and bacterial manure combination with apple replanting soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The rice hull carbon and bacterial manure combination can be used as a natural substitute of a soil fumigant, solves the problems of drug resistance and chemical residues of the existing fungicide, and prevents the re-planting disease of apple trees caused by Fusarium solani from spreading worldwide and causing serious economic loss.
(2) The bacterial manure selected by the invention is from mass screening, has mass production, is cheap and easy to obtain, can reduce harmful fungus Fusarium putrescens, improve the soil structure and increase the proportion of bacterial fungi in the soil when applied to the soil.
(3) The natural rice hull charcoal and the bacterial manure selected by the invention have remarkable effect on the apple re-planting disease, and can reduce chemical residues and environmental pollution, improve the quality of apples and improve the economic benefit when being applied to production, thereby being a natural substitute of commercial bactericides.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a phenotype plot of apple seedling biomass growth for 24 different treatments of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing chlorophyll content change of apple seedlings by 24 different treatments according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relative conductivity change of apple seedlings from 24 different treatments according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows the change in growth status of apple plants treated with different biochar bacterial manure combinations according to example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows the change in soil enzyme activity for apple plant growth in various combinations of biochar bacterial manure treatment combinations according to example 2 of the present invention, wherein (a) is urease, (b) is sucrase, (c) is neutral phosphatase, and (d) is catalase.
FIG. 6 shows the variation of photosynthesis parameters of leaves of apple plants under different biochar bacterial manure combination treatments according to the embodiment 2 of the present invention, wherein (a) is Pn, (b) is Ci, (c) is Tr, and (d) is Gs.
FIG. 7 shows the variation of the parameters of the root system configuration of apple plants under different biochar bacterial manure combination treatments according to the embodiment 2 of the invention, wherein (a) is the root tip number, (b) is the root surface area, (c) is the root volume, and (d) is the total root length.
FIG. 8 shows the variation of combinations of soil microbial communities of apple plants under different biochar bacterial manure combination treatments according to the embodiment 2 of the present invention, wherein (a) is the relative abundance of soil bacterial communities and (b) is the relative abundance of soil fungal communities.
CK is re-planted soil, D is rice husk charcoal, Y is corn stalk charcoal, M is wood charcoal, A1 is Trichoderma harzianum, A2 is Bacillus licheniformis, A3 is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, A4 is continuous cropping careless, A5 is continuous cropping safety, CK1 is re-planted soil, and CK2 is healthy garden soil.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, the technical means used in the following examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise indicated.
The Trichoderma harzianum, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and continuous cropping concerns used in the following examples were all purchased from North sea, also from Strong biotechnology Co., ltd, wherein:
Trichoderma harzianum product parameters are that the product brand is also strong organism, the product name is Trichoderma harzianum (agricultural planting microorganism bacteria), the product type is Trichoderma harzianum (soluble in water), and the number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 10 hundred million/gram.
The product parameters of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens include the brand of the product, the name of the product, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens (full water-soluble), and the actual content of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the carrier of the product, namely 1000 hundred million/g.
The continuous cropping carefree product parameters are strong organisms, the product name is microbial agent (broad spectrum), the product formulation is powder, the product type is compound microbial agent, and the number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 800 hundred million/g.
The continuous cropping used in the following examples is obtained by compounding product parameters including product brand, lv Heng Feng, product common name, viable count of 500 hundred million/g, and product components including beneficial microorganism bacteria of bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and Paenibacillus polymyxa.
The Bacillus licheniformis used in the following examples is purchased from North sea industrial flourishing biotechnology Co., ltd. And has the product parameters of product brand of flourishing organisms, product name of Bacillus licheniformis (water soluble), dosage form of powder, product component of Bacillus licheniformis and metabolite thereof, suitable carrier and viable bacteria quantity of more than or equal to 1000 hundred million/g.
The rice hull charcoal used in the following examples was purchased from Heilongjiang seismosis and was self-burned by farmers, and the product parameters were 130 mesh product specification and the product components were rice hulls.
The corn stalk biochar used in the following examples is purchased from Henan Lize environmental protection technology, and the product parameters are 30 mesh product specification and the product components are corn stalk.
The wood charcoal used in the following examples is purchased from Henan Lizize environmental protection technology, the product parameters are 100 mesh product specifications, and the product components are straw corn stalk, wheat stalk and peanut shell.
Example 1
In the embodiment, apple dwarf stock M9-T337 is taken as a test object, and the technical effect of the invention is described.
Potted plant test design
The soil is planted in the Yangyang Yongshou county Gan Jingzhen south Shao Cun old apple orchard of Shaanxi province. Sampling from a region with a depth of 20-40 cm which is about 90cm away from the trunk, and uniformly mixing. The normal field soil is taken from the northwest agricultural and forestry science and technology university field. The apple material to be tested is dwarf stock M9-T337 seedlings.
In the test, 3 kinds of biochar and 5 kinds of microbial fertilizers are used as treatment materials, 24 treatments are arranged, the addition amount of the microbial fertilizers is 1 per mill of the weight of the re-planted soil, and the addition amount of the biochar is 6% of the weight of the re-planted soil. The roots of M9-T337 seedlings are soaked in fusarium solani spore suspension with the concentration of 1 multiplied by 10 5/ml for 4 hours and then transplanted into the re-planting soil which is fully mixed with the re-planting soil and contains biochar, bacterial fertilizer or the combination of the biochar and bacterial fertilizer. After 3 days, 50ml of the fusarium solani spore suspension at a concentration of 1×10 5/ml were poured into root soil.
Data processing
Data were processed with WPS2021, plotted using Origin, and analyzed for significance and single-factor variance using IBM SPSS STATISTICS.
(1) Effects of different combinations of biochar and bacterial manure on M9-T337 seedling biomass
As can be seen from FIG. 1, the dry weight, fresh weight, ground stem and plant height of M9-T337 seedlings are significantly increased after 5 bacterial manure is applied, which indicates that 5 bacterial manure can effectively relieve the re-planting disorder of M9-T337 seedlings, and the biomass of M9-T337 seedlings is further increased after biochar is applied. The comparison of different biochars and the treatment of different bacterial fertilizers shows that the biomass of the plant of the treatment group containing rice husk carbon is higher than that of corn straw biochar and wood charcoal. After comparing the use effects of the rice hull carbon and different bacterial fertilizers, the rice hull carbon and trichoderma harzianum (D-A1) have the best effect after being matched and applied, and the height, the stem thickness, the fresh weight and the dry weight of the treated seedlings are respectively 80.83%, 34.85%, 99.69% and 114.66% higher than those of a re-planting soil treatment group (CK), so that the difference is obvious. The biomass of seedlings from the rice hull charcoal and Bacillus licheniformis (D-A2) treated group was inferior to that from the (D-A1) treated group.
Note that the data are mean ± standard deviation, and that the lower case letters noted after the same column of data represent significant differences (p < 0.05).
(2) Effects of different combinations of biochar and bacterial manure combinations on chlorophyll content of M9-T337
Chlorophyll is the main pigment of plants that carry out photosynthesis. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the chlorophyll content of M9-T337 seedlings can be maintained by singly applying Trichoderma harzianum (A1) or by combining Trichoderma harzianum with rice hull charcoal (D-A1), and the chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents of seedlings in the rice hull charcoal and Trichoderma harzianum (D-A1) treated group are 92.3%, 34.6%, 72.7% and 80% higher than those of seedlings in the soil (CK) re-planted group, respectively. Rice hull charcoal and Trichoderma harzianum (D-A1) and rice hull charcoal and Bacillus licheniformis (D-A2) also showed significant differences compared to the control group (CK). The effect of mono Shi Muzhi carbon (M) on chlorophyll content was not obvious.
(3) Effect of different biochar bacterial fertilizer combinations on relative conductivity of M9-T337
From fig. 3, it can be seen that the application of 3 kinds of biochar can reduce the damage of the re-planting soil to apple rootstock seedlings, compared with the application of wood charcoal and corn stalk charcoal, the relative conductivity of the root system of M9-T337 seedlings is lower when rice hull charcoal is applied, which shows that the effect of the rice hull charcoal on relieving the apple re-planting obstacle is better than that of the wood charcoal and corn stalk charcoal biochar. The conductivity of the combined treatment of the rice hull charcoal and the trichoderma harzianum (D-A1) is reduced by 40.6 percent compared with that of the Control (CK), and the conductivity of the rice hull charcoal and the bacillus licheniformis (D-A2) is reduced by 43.7 percent compared with that of the control.
Note that the data are mean ± standard deviation, and that the lower case letters noted after the same column of data represent significant differences (p < 0.05).
(4) Principal component analysis
The sequencing result is D-A1> D-A2> D-A3> M-A1 by utilizing principal component analysis according to the chlorophyll content and the conductivity of biomass. Wherein the first 2 of the comprehensive scores are rice husk charcoal and Trichoderma harzianum (D-A1) and rice husk charcoal and Bacillus licheniformis (D-A2), respectively.
Example 2
The biochar described in this example uses rice husk charcoal as raw material, and carries Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus licheniformis. In the embodiment, apple dwarf stock M9-T337 is taken as a test object, and the technical effect of the invention is described.
Potted plant test design
The soil to be tested is collected from the farmland of the Yangyang city, yongshou county of Shaanxi province. The soil is planted in the Yangyang Yongshou county Gan Jingzhen south Shao Cun old apple orchard of Shaanxi province. Sampling from a region with a depth of 20-40 cm which is about 90cm away from the trunk, and uniformly mixing. Healthy field soil was taken from the northwest agricultural and forestry science and technology university park. The apple material to be tested is dwarf stock M9-T337 seedlings.
Prior to transplanting, seedling roots were immersed in fusarium solani spore suspension at a concentration of 1 x 10 5/ml for 4 hours. Subsequently, seedlings were planted in the matrix of the uniformly mixed re-planted soil and biochar or re-planted soil alone, and 50mL of fusarium solani spore suspension was additionally added. After 3 days, 1 per mill of bacterial manure and 6 percent of rice hull charcoal are applied according to a preset proportion. Each treatment set 40 pots were repeated, during which normal watering was maintained, without any additional nutrient fertilizer. After 50 days of treatment, fresh samples, dry samples and frozen samples were collected, respectively, for subsequent index determination.
Data processing
Data were processed with WPS2021, plotted using Origin, and analyzed for significance and single-factor variance using IBM SPSS STATISTICS.
(1) Growth analysis of M9-T337 seedlings by different treatment combinations
The combination of rice hull charcoal and both bacterial manure has a significant effect on the growth of M9-T337 seedlings. From FIG. 4, it can be seen that the plant heights of the rice hull charcoal and Trichoderma harzianum (D-A1) treated groups were significantly increased compared to the re-planted soil control (CK 1) and the field soil control group without Fusarium solani added. The difference in plant height between the trichoderma harzianum (A1) and bacillus licheniformis (A2) treated groups was not significant. The seedling growth vigor of the rice hull carbon (D) treated independently is better than that of the CK1 treated group, and the root system development condition is good. In addition, the rice hull charcoal and bacillus licheniformis (D-A2) treated group was significantly superior to the CK1 group in terms of plant height and root growth.
(2) Effect of Potassium-solubilizing bacteria on soil enzyme Activity
As can be seen from FIG. 5, the plant soil urease, soil sucrase, soil neutral phosphatase and soil catalase activities of healthy field soil (CK 2) treatment were 1.46 times, 1.21 times, 1.1 times and 1.3 times, respectively, that of the re-planted soil control (CK 1). The rice hull carbon and the two bacterial fertilizers have a treatment effect obviously higher than CK2 and CK1. Wherein, the activities of soil urease, soil sucrase, soil neutral phosphatase and soil catalase under the treatment of rice hull charcoal and trichoderma harzianum (D-A1) are 2.17 times, 1.77 times, 1.94 times and 1.95 times of CK1 respectively. The activities of soil urease, soil sucrase, soil neutral phosphatase and soil catalase under the combined treatment of rice hull charcoal and bacillus licheniformis (D-A2) are 2.3 times, 2.1 times, 2.0 times and 1.64 times of CK1 respectively.
(3) Influence of combination of rice hull charcoal and two bacterial fertilizers on photosynthesis effect of M9-T337 seedlings
From FIG. 6, it is seen that M9-T337 seedlings treated with rice husk charcoal and Trichoderma harzianum (D-A1) have significantly improved leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular CO 2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) by 1.81 times, 1.12 times, 2.06 times and 2.16 times, respectively, of the re-planted soil (CK 1). In contrast, the corresponding photosynthetic parameters of healthy field soil (CK 2) also showed an increasing trend, but slightly less amplified by 1.75, 1.07, 1.73 and 1.57 times, respectively, of CK 1. The rice hull charcoal and bacillus licheniformis (D-A2) treated group also have obvious promotion effect on photosynthesis growth of plants. The plant height treated under the condition is inferior to that of the plant treated by rice hull charcoal and trichoderma harzianum (D-A1). The net leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn), intercellular CO 2 concentration (Ci), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of M9-T337 seedlings treated with rice hull charcoal and Bacillus licheniformis (D-A2) were 1.75 times, 1.07 times, 1.72 times and 2.17 times, respectively, that of the re-planted soil control (CK 1).
(4) Influence of different combination treatments on root system structure of M9-T337 seedlings
As can be seen from FIG. 7, the total root length, root surface area, root tip number and root volume of M9-T337 seedlings in the healthy garden soil treatment (CK 2) are increased by 23.5%, 20.2%, 18.8% and 9.5% compared with the re-planted soil (CK 1), while the total root length, root surface area, root tip number and root volume of seedlings in the rice husk charcoal and Trichoderma harzianum treatment (D-A1) are increased by 157.2%, 128.6%, 72.1% and 111.4% respectively, which indicates that the rice husk charcoal and Trichoderma harzianum treatment significantly promote the growth and development of seedling root systems.
(5) Influence of rice hull charcoal and trichoderma harzianum combination on soil microorganisms
As can be seen from FIG. 8, the main beneficial bacteria in the soil treated with rice husk charcoal and Trichoderma harzianum (D-A1) are Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria), actinomycetes (Actinobacteria), bacteroides (Bacteroidetes), acidovorax (Gemmatimonadetes), and Verrucomicron (Verrucomicrobia), etc., and their ratio is more than 75% (FIG. 7-a). The genus of the core microorganisms has phosphate dissolving capability, ferric carrier producing capability and antagonism to pathogenic bacteria, and compared with a control group (CK), the treated group (D-A1) of rice husk charcoal and trichoderma harzianum has improved proportion of 5 types of microorganisms, and meanwhile, the actinomycota accounts for more than 30 percent, wherein the proportion of functional microorganisms is higher, and the treated group is a dominant flora of the soil to be measured. The reduced ratio of the harmful fungus Fusarium (Fusarium) in the D-A1 treatment (FIG. 7-b) compared to the re-planted control (CK 1) showed an approximately 10% increase in the beneficial fungus Mortierella (Mortierella), which indicates that the application of rice hull charcoal and Trichoderma harzianum reduced the relative abundance of harmful bacteria, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria, and improved the soil environment.
It should be noted that, when the claims refer to numerical ranges, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints are optional, and the present invention describes the preferred embodiments for preventing redundancy.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The biochar and bacterial manure combination is characterized in that the biochar is rice hull charcoal, the bacterial manure contains trichoderma harzianum or bacillus licheniformis as an effective component, and the mass ratio of the biochar to the bacterial manure is 60:0.8-1.2.
2. The biochar and bacterial manure combination according to claim 1, wherein the bacterial manure is water-soluble.
3. Use of the biochar and bacterial manure combination according to any one of claims 1-2 for increasing resistance to apple re-planting disease.
4. The use of a combination of biochar and bacterial manure according to claim 3 for increasing resistance to apple re-planting disease, wherein the application object of the combination of biochar and bacterial manure is apple re-planting soil.
5. Use of a combination of biochar and bacterial manure according to claim 3 for increasing resistance to apple re-planting disease, wherein the combination of biochar and bacterial manure is used for alleviating re-planting disorders in apples and promoting the growth of apple plants.
6. The use of a biochar and bacterial manure combination according to claim 3 for increasing resistance to apple re-planting disease, wherein the biochar and bacterial manure combination is used for reducing damage of fusarium putrescence to the photosynthetic system of apple trees.
7. Use of a combination of biochar and bacterial manure according to claim 3 for increasing the resistance of apples to replanting diseases, wherein the combination of biochar and bacterial manure is used for increasing the activity of urease, neutral phosphatase and catalase in the soil of apples replanting.
8. The use of a biochar and bacterial manure combination according to claim 3 for increasing the resistance of apples to replanting diseases, wherein the biochar and bacterial manure combination is used for increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria in apple replanting soil and reducing the relative abundance of harmful bacteria.
9. A method for controlling apple tree replanting disease, comprising the step of mixing the biochar and bacterial manure combination according to any one of claims 1-2 with apple replanting soil.
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| CN109456111A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-03-12 | 常州中泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of soil-borne disease prevention and treatment charcoal base manure |
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