CN119019670B - Low viscosity, high molecular weight polyether polyol and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low viscosity, high molecular weight polyether polyol and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
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- C08G65/2606—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxyl groups
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- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of polyether polyol synthesis, and particularly relates to a low-viscosity high-molecular-weight polyether polyol and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of taking micromolecular dihydric alcohol as an initiator, taking propylene oxide as a polymerization monomer under the action of an alkali metal catalyst, heating to react, neutralizing, dehydrating and filtering to obtain low-molecular polyether polyol, taking the low-molecular polyether polyol as the initiator, taking propylene oxide as the polymerization monomer under the action of a double metal cyanide catalyst, and preparing the medium-molecular polyether polyol through induction and polymerization. Taking medium molecular weight polyether polyol as an initiator, taking propylene oxide as a polymerization monomer under the action of a double metal cyanide catalyst, and preparing high molecular weight polyether polyol through pre-induction, induction and polymerization; the high molecular weight polyether polymerization stage of the invention increases the pre-induction process, effectively improves the activation rate of the catalyst, and the prepared polyether polyol has low unsaturation value and low viscosity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of polyether polyol synthesis, and particularly relates to a low-viscosity high-molecular-weight polyether polyol and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The silane modified polyether glue (MS glue) is a new generation of building sealant which is developed after silicone glue (SR) and polyurethane glue (PU). MS glue has good binding property to metal, nonmetal, plastic, wood and other building base materials. Secondly, the MS glue has better weather resistance and durability than silicone glue and polyurethane glue. Furthermore, the method is also described. The emission of VOCs of MS glue is far lower than that of silicone glue and polyurethane glue, and the MS glue belongs to green and environment-friendly products. The high-end MS glue (Brillouin chemical process and Sanyang chemical process) prepared from the allyl alcohol polyether has high tensile strength, large elongation at break and excellent performance, and has higher use ratio in the adhesive. MS bonding in China adopts a Wake process, firstly chain extension is carried out on polyether polyol by using isocyanate groups to strengthen the tensile property of the polyether polyol, and then end capping is carried out on polyether by using aminosilane containing the isocyanate groups. The MS glue synthesized by the process belongs to a middle-low end product, and the indexes of tensile property, elongation at break and the like of the MS glue are lower than those of foreign products. The performance of the MS glue prepared by using the high molecular polyether polyol with the molecular weight exceeding 18000g/mol is close to that of the foreign high-end MS glue.
At present, DMC is used as a catalyst in the synthesis of high molecular polyether polyol for MS glue in China, side reactions are gradually increased along with the increase of molecular weight in the synthesis process, and the viscosity is rapidly increased, so that the high molecular polyether polyol cannot be used for synthesizing MS glue. Thus, low viscosity, high molecular weight polyether polyols become a key factor in limiting the development of high end MS gels. The synthesis of low viscosity, high molecular weight polyether polyols using low molecular weight polyether polyols containing active hydrogen is mentioned in patent CN103635506 a. The process has three defects, namely, firstly, the polymerization stage of the process needs 15-23 hours to be completed, the production efficiency is low, secondly, the polymerization time of the process is long, side reactions are increased, a large amount of unsaturated polyether is formed, and finally, the process has high equipment requirement, high-speed grid stirring is needed, and the production cost is increased. Patent CN108070082a provides a method for preparing polyether polyol with low viscosity and high molecular weight, which comprises the steps of inducing bimetallic catalyst in oligomer, adding epoxide and small molecular initiator into polymerization system at the same time, and degassing to obtain polyether polyol. The patent still suffers from a partial disadvantage in that, first, excessive initial catalyst concentrations during polymerization induction result in the presence of very high molecular weight polyether tails. Second, the continuous addition of small molecules is very small and difficult to control. Meanwhile, too much addition of small molecules causes the molecular weight distribution D value of the high molecular polyether polyol to be increased to 1.364, and the molecular weight distribution is widened. Since DMC catalysts do not readily catalyze small molecule initiators, the introduction of small molecules causes excessive side reactions in the polymerization process, and experiments verify that the unsaturation value of the polyether increases to 0.0278mol/kg (comparative example 4). In addition, the small molecule is used as an initiator, the construction ratio of polyether is large, the initiator occupies small volume in the reaction kettle, the temperature fluctuation range in the initial stage of polymerization is large, the quality of polyether is poor, and the reactivity is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a low viscosity, high molecular weight polyether polyol having a low viscosity, low unsaturation, and a molecular weight of 17000 to 23000 g/mol. The molecular weight is a theoretical calculation, molecular weight=56100×2×hydroxyl value.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high molecular polyether polyol, which is divided into three stages, wherein the construction ratio of each stage is proper, the molecular weight is stable and regularly increased, and finally the prepared high molecular polyether polyol has low viscosity and low unsaturation value.
The preparation method of the low-viscosity high-molecular-weight polyether polyol comprises the following steps:
Step one, preparing low molecular weight polyether polyol:
taking micromolecular dihydric alcohol as an initiator, taking propylene oxide as a polymerization monomer under the action of an alkali metal catalyst, heating to react, synthesizing a polyether crude product with the molecular weight of 400-1000g/mol, and obtaining low-molecular polyether polyol after neutralization, dehydration and filtration by acid reagents such as phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid;
step two, preparing medium molecular weight polyether polyol:
The low molecular weight polyether polyol is used as an initiator, propylene oxide is used as a polymerization monomer under the action of a Double Metal Cyanide (DMC) catalyst, and the medium molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 4000-8000g/mol is prepared through an induction process and a polymerization process respectively.
Preparing high molecular weight polyether polyol:
Taking the medium molecular weight polyether polyol as a starter, taking propylene oxide as a polymerization monomer under the action of a Double Metal Cyanide (DMC) catalyst, and respectively preparing high molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 17000-23000g/mol through three processes of pre-induction, induction and polymerization, wherein the viscosity of the high molecular weight polyether polyol is 16000-35000 mPa.s;
Wherein the prepared high molecular weight polyether polyol has a molecular weight of 18000g/mol (the theoretical molecular weight is 17000-19000g/mol and the high molecular polyether polyol is called as a general name), the viscosity of the high molecular weight polyether polyol has a molecular weight of 16000-19000 mPa.s, the viscosity of the high molecular weight polyether polyol has a molecular weight of 20000g/mol (the theoretical molecular weight is 19000-21000g/mol and the high molecular polyether polyol is called as a general name), the viscosity of the high molecular weight polyether polyol has a molecular weight of 23000-28000 mPa.s, and the viscosity of the high molecular weight polyether polyol has a molecular weight of 22000g/mol (the theoretical molecular weight is 21000-23000g/mol and the high molecular polyether polyol is called as a general name).
Step one the small molecule diols include ethylene glycol, 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1, 4-butanediol, and the like, preferably 1, 2-propanediol.
The alkali metal catalyst in the first step comprises sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, cesium hydroxide, potassium alkoxide, sodium alkoxide and the like. Preferably potassium hydroxide.
The content of the alkali metal catalyst in the first step is 1000-4000ppm of the mass of the low molecular weight polyether polyol, and the temperature of the heating reaction in the first step is 85-130 ℃.
The dosage of the Double Metal Cyanide (DMC) catalyst is 15-40ppm of the mass of the medium molecular polyether polyol, the temperature of the induction process and the polymerization process is 130-160 ℃ in the step II, and the dosage of propylene oxide in the induction process of the high molecular polyether polyol accounts for 10-20% of the mass of the low molecular polyether polyol starter in the step II.
The amount of the Double Metal Cyanide (DMC) catalyst used in the third step is 40-150ppm of the mass of the high molecular polyether polyol.
The pre-induction temperature is 30-90 ℃ and the pre-induction time is 0.5-15h. The pre-induction reagent in the pre-induction process is an epoxy compound comprising epoxy compounds such as propylene oxide, ethylene oxide, butylene oxide, 2, 3-butylene oxide, isobutene oxide, pentane oxide, 2, 3-pentane oxide, hexane oxide, 2, 3-hexane oxide, 3, 4-hexane oxide, heptane oxide, octane oxide and the like, the consumption of the epoxy compound in the pre-induction process is 0.5-3% of the mass of the molecular weight polyether polyol in the initiator, the pre-induction process is finished, and the epoxy compound used in the pre-induction process is removed by vacuum under reduced pressure.
The temperature of the induction process and the polymerization process is 130-160 ℃, and the usage amount of propylene oxide in the induction process of the high molecular weight polyether polyol is 3-15% of that of the medium molecular weight polyether polyol initiator.
And step three, the adding rate of the propylene oxide in the high molecular weight polyether polyol polymerization process gradually decreases along with the reaction, wherein when the pre-induction and induction processes are finished, the polymerization process is started, the time for adding 40% of the total mass of the propylene oxide into the reaction vessel is 1-2h, the time for adding 40-80% of the propylene oxide into the reaction vessel is 2-3h, and the time for adding 80-100% of the propylene oxide into the reaction vessel is 2-3h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Compared with the polymerization process in the prior art, which requires 15-23 hours, the method can shorten the total polymerization process of the medium molecular weight polyether and the high molecular weight polyether to less than 10 hours, and improves the polymerization efficiency.
(2) The high molecular weight polyether polymerization stage of the invention increases the pre-induction process, effectively improves the activation rate of the catalyst, and the prepared polyether polyol has low unsaturation value and low viscosity.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
All materials used in the examples are commercially available, except as specified.
Example 1
The preparation method of the low-viscosity high-molecular-weight polyether polyol comprises the following steps:
Step one, preparing low molecular weight polyether polyol:
300g of 1, 2-propylene glycol and 1.6g of potassium hydroxide are added into a 5L high-pressure reaction kettle, the air in the reaction kettle is replaced by nitrogen, the temperature is raised, the pressure is reduced, dehydration is carried out, 1300g of propylene oxide is started to be added at the temperature of 107.5+/-22.5 ℃, the pressure in the adding process is less than 0.4MPa, and the low-molecular-weight polyether polyol crude product with the molecular weight of 400g/mol is obtained. Then, 8.2g of 70wt.% phosphoric acid aqueous solution and 68g of deionized water were added to remove potassium ions in the crude polyether, and potassium phosphate salt was adsorbed by an adsorbent, dehydrated and filtered to obtain a low molecular weight polyether polyol. The amount of potassium hydroxide used in the catalyst was 1000ppm based on 1600g of the theoretical value of the synthesized low molecular weight polyether, the theoretical value being the sum of the mass of 1, 2-propanediol and the mass of propylene oxide, i.e., the sum of the added reaction materials, and the method for calculating the amount of the catalyst described below was the same as that described herein.
Step two, preparing medium molecular weight polyether polyol:
Adding 300g of the low molecular weight polyether polyol with the concentration of 400g/mol into a 5L high-pressure reaction kettle, simultaneously adding 0.0462g of a bimetallic catalyst DMC, heating, decompressing and dehydrating, adding 30g of propylene oxide at the temperature of 145+/-15 ℃ for induction reaction, adding 2750g of propylene oxide at the temperature of 145+/-15 ℃ after the reaction is initiated, adding the process pressure of less than 0.4MPa, and polymerizing for 2h to obtain the medium molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 4000g/mol after the polymerization is finished.
Preparing high molecular weight polyether polyol:
600g of medium molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 4000g/mol is added into a 5L reaction kettle, 0.075g of bimetallic catalyst DMC is added at the same time, the temperature is raised, the pressure is reduced, dehydration is carried out, 3g of propylene oxide is added at the temperature of 30 ℃ for pre-induction reaction, after pre-induction for 0.5h, epoxy compounds are removed in vacuum, 30g of propylene oxide is added at the temperature of 145+/-15 ℃ for induction and initiation reaction, after initiation of reaction, 1250g of propylene oxide is added at the temperature of 145+/-15 ℃ for polymerization reaction, firstly 500g of propylene oxide is added into the reaction kettle within 1h, then 500g of propylene oxide is added into the reaction kettle within 2h, finally 250g of propylene oxide is added into the reaction kettle within 2h, the pressure of the adding process is less than 0.4MPa, and the high molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 18000g/mol is obtained after polymerization is finished. The polymerization time in all tables below is the sum of the polymerization times in step two and step three.
The basic index of the resulting high molecular weight polyether polyol is shown in Table 1 below:
TABLE 1 example 1 high molecular weight polyether polyol base index
Example 2
The preparation method of the low-viscosity high-molecular-weight polyether polyol comprises the following steps:
Step one, preparing low molecular weight polyether polyol:
300g of 1, 2-propylene glycol and 7.9g of potassium hydroxide are added into a 5L high-pressure reaction kettle, air in the reaction kettle is replaced by nitrogen, 2860g of propylene oxide is added within the temperature range of 107.5+/-22.5 ℃ and dehydrated under reduced pressure, and the pressure in the process of adding is less than 0.4MPa, so that a low-molecular-weight polyether crude product with the molecular weight of 800g/mol is obtained. Then adding 20.3g of 70% phosphoric acid and 115g of deionized water to remove potassium ions in the crude polyether, adsorbing potassium phosphate salt by using an adsorbent, dehydrating and filtering to obtain the low molecular weight polyether polyol.
Step two, preparing medium molecular weight polyether polyol:
300g of the low molecular weight polyether polyol is added into a 5L high-pressure reaction kettle, 0.0675g of a bimetallic catalyst DMC is added, the temperature is raised, the pressure is reduced, the dehydration is carried out, 37.5g of propylene oxide is added under the condition of 145+/-15 ℃ for induction reaction, 1912.5g of propylene oxide is added under the condition of 145+/-15 ℃ after the reaction is initiated, the addition process pressure is less than 0.4MPa, the polymerization time is 2h, and the medium molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 6000g/mol is obtained after the polymerization is finished.
Preparing high molecular weight polyether polyol:
600g of medium molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 6000g/mol is added into a 5L reaction kettle, 0.243g of bimetallic catalyst DMC is added, the temperature is raised, the pressure is reduced, dehydration is carried out, 15g of propylene oxide is added at 60 ℃ for a pre-induction process, and after pre-induction is carried out for 8 hours, the epoxy compound is removed in vacuum. Adding 54g of propylene oxide at 145+/-15 ℃ to induce and initiate reaction, adding 1496g of propylene oxide at 145+/-15 ℃ to carry out polymerization reaction after the reaction is initiated, firstly adding 598.4g of propylene oxide into a reaction kettle within 1.5h, then adding 598.4g of propylene oxide into the reaction kettle within 2.5h, finally adding 299.2g of propylene oxide into the reaction kettle within 2.5h, wherein the adding process pressure is less than 0.4MPa, and obtaining the high molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 20000g/mol after the polymerization is finished. The basic index of the resulting high molecular weight polyether polyol is shown in Table 2 below:
TABLE 2 example 2 high molecular weight polyether polyol base index
Example 3
The preparation method of the low-viscosity high-molecular-weight polyether polyol comprises the following steps:
Step one, preparing low molecular weight polyether polyol:
Adding 300g of 1,2 propylene glycol and 15.8 g g of potassium hydroxide into a 5L high-pressure reaction kettle, replacing air in the reaction kettle by utilizing nitrogen, heating, decompressing and dehydrating, adding 3650g of propylene oxide within the temperature range of 107.5+/-22.5 ℃, and adding the process pressure of less than 0.4MPa to obtain a low-molecular-weight polyether crude product with the molecular weight of 1000 g/mol. Then adding 27.3g of 70% phosphoric acid and 150g of deionized water, removing potassium ions in the crude polyether, adsorbing potassium phosphate salt by using an adsorbent, dehydrating and filtering to obtain the low molecular weight polyether polyol.
Step two, preparing medium molecular weight polyether polyol:
300g of the low molecular weight polyether polyol is added into a 5L high-pressure reaction kettle, 0.099g of a bimetallic catalyst DMC is added, 60g of propylene oxide is added under the conditions of temperature rise, pressure reduction and dehydration, 60g of propylene oxide is added under the conditions of 145+/-15 ℃ for induction reaction, 2120g of propylene oxide is added under the conditions of 145+/-15 ℃ after the reaction is initiated, the pressure of the adding process is less than 0.4MPa, the polymerization time is 2h, and the medium molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 8000g/mol is obtained after the polymerization is finished.
Preparing high molecular weight polyether polyol:
Adding 600g of the medium molecular weight polyether polyol into a 5L reaction kettle, simultaneously adding 0.354g of a bimetallic catalyst DMC, heating, decompressing and dehydrating, adding 18g of propylene oxide at 90 ℃ for pre-induction reaction, removing epoxy compounds in vacuum after pre-induction for 15 hours, adding 90g of propylene oxide at 145+/-15 ℃ for induction and initiation reaction, adding 1670g of propylene oxide at 145+/-15 ℃ for polymerization reaction after initiation of the reaction, firstly adding 668g of propylene oxide into the reaction kettle, then adding 668g of propylene oxide into the reaction kettle within 3 hours, finally adding 334g of propylene oxide into the reaction kettle within 3 hours, adding process pressure is less than 0.4MPa, and obtaining the high molecular weight polyether polyol with molecular weight of 22000g/mol after polymerization. The basic index of the resulting high molecular weight polyether polyol is shown in Table 3 below:
TABLE 3 example 3 high molecular weight polyether polyol base index
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 does not have a pre-induction process compared to example 1, and the rest of the process is the same.
The preparation method of the polyether polyol comprises the following steps:
Step one, preparing low molecular weight polyether polyol:
300g of 1, 2-propylene glycol and 1.6g of potassium hydroxide are added into a 5L high-pressure reaction kettle, the air in the reaction kettle is replaced by nitrogen, the temperature is raised, the pressure is reduced, dehydration is carried out, 1300g of propylene oxide is started to be added at the temperature of 107.5+/-22.5 ℃, the pressure in the adding process is less than 0.4MPa, and the low-molecular-weight polyether polyol crude product with the molecular weight of 400g/mol is obtained. Then, 8.2g of 70wt.% phosphoric acid aqueous solution and 68g of deionized water were added to remove potassium ions in the crude polyether, and potassium phosphate salt was adsorbed by an adsorbent, dehydrated and filtered to obtain a low molecular weight polyether polyol.
Step two, preparing medium molecular weight polyether polyol:
Adding 300g of the low molecular weight polyether polyol with the concentration of 400g/mol into a 5L high-pressure reaction kettle, simultaneously adding 0.0462g of a bimetallic catalyst DMC, heating, decompressing and dehydrating, adding 30g of propylene oxide at the temperature of 145+/-15 ℃ for induction reaction, adding 2750g of propylene oxide at the temperature of 145+/-15 ℃ after the reaction is initiated, adding the process pressure of less than 0.4MPa, and polymerizing for 2h to obtain the medium molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 4000g/mol after the polymerization is finished.
Preparing high molecular weight polyether polyol:
600g of medium molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 4000g/mol is added into a 5L reaction kettle, 0.075g of bimetallic catalyst DMC is added, heating, decompressing and dehydrating are carried out, 30g of propylene oxide is added under the condition of 145+/-15 ℃ for induction and initiation of reaction, after the initiation of reaction, 1250g of propylene oxide is added under the condition of 145+/-15 ℃ for polymerization, firstly 500g of propylene oxide is added into the reaction kettle within 1h, then 500g of propylene oxide is added into the reaction kettle within 2h, finally 250g of propylene oxide is added into the reaction kettle within 2h, the pressure of the adding process is less than 0.4MPa, and the high molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 18000g/mol is obtained after the polymerization is finished.
Comparative example 2 has no pre-induction process compared to example 2, and the rest of the process is the same.
Comparative example 3 has no pre-induction process compared to example 3, and the rest of the process is the same.
The basic index of the high molecular weight polyether polyol obtained in the comparative example is shown in Table 4 below:
Table 4 comparative example high molecular weight polyether polyol base index
As shown in the table above, the pre-induction process can effectively improve the activation rate of the catalyst, and the prepared polyether polyol has low unsaturation value and low viscosity.
Comparative example 4
Polymer polyether polyol was synthesized according to example 8 of patent CN 108070082A:
Adding 2000g/mol polyether polyol with 0.0798g DMC catalyst into a reaction kettle, adding 30g propylene oxide, initiating the DMC catalyst at 125+/-10 ℃, continuously adding 1844g of metered propylene oxide and 6.0g of small-molecule propylene glycol initiator into the reaction kettle, adding the mixture into the reaction kettle for 12.6 hours, aging, and then carrying out vacuum degassing to obtain the polyether polyol.
TABLE 5 comparative example 4 high molecular weight polyether polyol and example 2 polyether polyol base index
Comparative example 5
Polymer polyether polyol was synthesized according to example 3 of patent CN 111518268A:
500g of propylene glycol polyoxypropylene ether having a number average molecular weight of 4000g/mol was mixed with 0.033 g of phosphoric acid at 800rpm for 5 minutes, 0.83g of DMC catalyst was added thereto, and after mixing and stirring at 2000rpm for 10 minutes, the whole was charged into the reaction vessel. Continuously vacuumizing for 10min under the condition that the vacuum degree of the system is controlled to 10kPa, then introducing nitrogen into the system until the pressure is 300kPa, repeating the steps for 3 times to complete replacement, heating to 120 ℃, introducing nitrogen, starting a vacuum pump to control the system pressure to be less than 10kPa, continuously for 2h, finishing gas stripping and dehydration, introducing nitrogen into the system to normal pressure, heating to 135 ℃, adding 50g of propylene oxide, finishing induction after the temperature is reduced under the pressure, maintaining 135 ℃, continuously introducing 200g of propylene oxide within 1h to obtain polyether homogeneous liquid containing 1100ppm of active catalyst and having the number average molecular weight of 6000g/mol of polyether polyol intermediate, cooling to 25 ℃, and then adding 2905g of propylene oxide for later use.
600G of propylene glycol polyoxypropylene ether with the number average molecular weight of 4000g/mol is added into another reaction kettle, the temperature is raised to 145 ℃ after displacement, gas stripping and dehydration, the polyether homogeneous phase liquid containing the active catalyst is continuously added into the reaction kettle for 5 hours, 1245g of propylene oxide is added subsequently, and the time is 2 hours. Maintaining the reaction temperature, aging for 30min, and removing unreacted propylene oxide to obtain polyether polyol with molecular weight of 20000 g/mol.
TABLE 6 comparative example 5 high molecular weight polyether polyol and example 2 polyether polyol base index
This illustrates that the properties of the polymer polyether polyol synthesized in example 3 of patent CN111518268a are also inferior to those of example 2 of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A process for preparing a low viscosity, high molecular weight polyether polyol, comprising the steps of:
Step one, preparing low molecular weight polyether polyol:
taking micromolecular dihydric alcohol as an initiator, taking propylene oxide as a polymerization monomer under the action of an alkali metal catalyst, heating to react, synthesizing a polyether crude product with the molecular weight of 400-1000g/mol, and obtaining low-molecular polyether polyol after neutralization, dehydration and filtration;
step two, preparing medium molecular weight polyether polyol:
The low molecular weight polyether polyol is used as an initiator, propylene oxide is used as a polymerization monomer under the action of a double metal cyanide catalyst, and medium molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 4000-8000g/mol is prepared after an induction process and a polymerization process respectively;
Preparing high molecular weight polyether polyol:
the high molecular weight polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 17000-23000g/mol is prepared by taking the medium molecular weight polyether polyol as an initiator and propylene oxide as a polymerization monomer through three processes of pre-induction, induction and polymerization under the action of a double metal cyanide catalyst, wherein the viscosity of the high molecular weight polyether polyol is 16000-35000 mPa.s;
The dosage of the double metal cyanide catalyst is 15-40ppm of the mass of the medium molecular weight polyether polyol, the temperature of the induction process and the polymerization process is 130-160 ℃ in the step II, and the dosage of propylene oxide in the induction process of the medium molecular weight polyether polyol accounts for 10-20% of the mass of the low molecular weight polyether polyol initiator in the step II;
The dosage of the double metal cyanide catalyst is 40-150ppm of the mass of the high molecular polyether polyol;
The pre-induction temperature is 30-90 ℃, and the pre-induction time is 0.5-15h;
the pre-induction reagent in the pre-induction process is an epoxy compound;
the dosage of the epoxy compound in the pre-induction process is 0.5-3% of the mass of the molecular weight polyether polyol in the initiator, the pre-induction process is finished, and the epoxy compound used in the pre-induction process is removed by decompression and vacuum;
The temperature of the induction process and the polymerization process is 130-160 ℃, and the consumption of propylene oxide in the induction process of the high molecular weight polyether polyol accounts for 3-15% of that of the medium molecular weight polyether polyol initiator;
And step three, the adding rate of the propylene oxide in the polymerization process of the high molecular weight polyether polyol gradually decreases along with the reaction, wherein the time for adding 40% of the total mass of the propylene oxide into a reaction vessel is 1-2h, the time for adding 40-80% of the propylene oxide into the reaction vessel is 2-3h, and the time for adding 80-100% of the propylene oxide into the reaction vessel is 2-3h.
2. The method for producing a low-viscosity, high-molecular weight polyether polyol according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the alkali metal catalyst used in the step one is 1000 to 4000ppm based on the mass of the low-molecular weight polyether polyol, and the temperature of the temperature-raising reaction in the step one is 85 to 130 ℃.
3. A low viscosity, high molecular weight polyether polyol prepared by the process of any one of claims 1-2.
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