CN119014815A - A multi-mode photoacoustic osteoporosis detection method and detection system - Google Patents
A multi-mode photoacoustic osteoporosis detection method and detection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于多模式光声的骨质疏松检测方法及其检测系统，检测方法包括同时采集不同波长激光在骨骼中激励的光声背散射信号和导波信号；信号处理提取各光声波信号参数；构建各光声波信号参数谱；测量骨骼组织成分、光学和结构力学性质；重复前述步骤获取批量骨骼组织物理性质数据、各类光声波信号参数谱数据；标定各光声波信号参数与骨骼组织物理性质数据；建立基于逆求解模型的骨组织物理性质反演模型；将骨骼测量光声波信号参数输入反演模型；输出测量骨骼组织物理性质信息数据；输入骨质疏松临床标准数据；将骨质疏松临床标准数据与测量数据对比，给出骨诊断结果。
The invention discloses an osteoporosis detection method based on multi-mode photoacoustics and a detection system thereof. The detection method comprises the following steps: simultaneously collecting photoacoustic backscattering signals and waveguide signals excited in bones by lasers of different wavelengths; extracting parameters of each photoacoustic wave signal by signal processing; constructing parameter spectra of each photoacoustic wave signal; measuring bone tissue composition, optical and structural mechanical properties; repeating the above steps to obtain batch bone tissue physical property data and various types of photoacoustic wave signal parameter spectrum data; calibrating each photoacoustic wave signal parameter and bone tissue physical property data; establishing a bone tissue physical property inversion model based on an inverse solution model; inputting bone measurement photoacoustic wave signal parameters into the inversion model; outputting information data of measured bone tissue physical properties; inputting osteoporosis clinical standard data; comparing the osteoporosis clinical standard data with the measurement data to give a bone diagnosis result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of osteoporosis detection, in particular to a multi-mode photoacoustic-based osteoporosis detection method and a multi-mode photoacoustic-based osteoporosis detection system.
Background
The accurate diagnosis of osteoporosis is a major medical problem facing the aging society of the population of China, and the comprehensive evaluation of tissue components and structural physical properties is helpful for the accurate diagnosis of bone diseases. The clinical detection technology based on X-rays and ultrasonic waves is mainly used for evaluating the mechanical properties of bone structures and is insensitive to tissue components. The technology for evaluating the physical properties of the multiple types of bones is provided, and the accurate diagnosis of the bone diseases is realized, so that the technology has important clinical value and social significance.
The photoacoustic wave based on the coupling excitation of the photothermal structure has sensitivity to the optical and structural mechanical properties related to bone tissue components, and is beneficial to the development of accurate diagnosis technology of bone diseases. The existing ultrasonic or photoacoustic wave osteoporosis evaluation methods mainly comprise 3 types:
evaluating calcaneus tissue components and structural mechanical properties by using an in-situ detection photoacoustic wave back scattering method, and diagnosing osteoporosis;
The photoacoustic guided wave based on the axial propagation method has the capability of quantitatively evaluating the mechanical property and the optical property of the long cortical bone structure based on the modal dispersion theory and the relative change of different modal amplitudes;
in addition, the piezoelectric transducer excited in-situ detection of the broadband spectral parameters of the ultrasonic back-scattered signal evaluates bone microstructure characteristics.
The following drawbacks exist in the prior art: the existing photoacoustic backscattering method is mainly used for calcaneal osteoporosis detection, and in the photoacoustic guided wave detection technology of the axial propagation method, only photoacoustic excitation source far-end guided wave information is adopted for bone evaluation, so that effective utilization of photoacoustic excitation source end information is lacked, and bone tissue components and structural mechanical property evaluation stability are affected; and the cortical bone detection technology based on the ultrasonic back scattering method excited by the piezoelectric sensor can only evaluate the mechanical property of the bone structure and is insensitive to the related optical property of the bone tissue components.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a multi-mode photoacoustic based osteoporosis detection method and a multi-mode photoacoustic based osteoporosis detection system, which can be used for realizing synchronous acquisition of photoacoustic back scattering signals and photoacoustic guided wave information in long cortical bones and accurate diagnosis of osteoporosis.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
The invention discloses a multi-mode photoacoustic based osteoporosis detection method, which comprises the following steps of:
step S1: simultaneously collecting photoacoustic back scattering signals and photoacoustic guided wave signals excited by lasers with different wavelengths in bone tissues;
step S2: extracting parameters of the photoacoustic wave signals through signal processing;
Step S3: constructing a photoacoustic wave broadband spectrum parameter spectrum and a photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum;
step S4: measuring bone tissue composition, optical properties and structural mechanical properties;
Step S5: repeating the steps S1 to S4 to obtain physical property data of the bone tissue in batches, photoacoustic back scattering signals and parameter spectrum data of photoacoustic guided waves;
Step S6: calibrating the photoacoustic backscattering parameter, the photoacoustic guided wave parameter and the bone tissue physical property data;
step S7: establishing an inverse model of bone tissue physical properties based on an inverse solution model;
Step S8: inputting the photoacoustic back scattering signal and photoacoustic guided wave parameters of bone tissue measurement into an inverse solution model;
step S9: outputting information data for measuring physical properties of bone tissues;
step S10: inputting osteoporosis clinical standard data;
Step S11: and comparing the osteoporosis clinical standard data in the step S10 with the measured data in the step S9 to obtain the osteoporosis diagnosis result.
Further, step S2 includes the following:
Processing the photoacoustic back scattering signal by adopting a photoacoustic back scattering signal processing technology, and extracting power spectrum slope, broadband spectrum integration and time spectrum parameters; extracting photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum data by adopting a modal decomposition algorithm, a broadband spectrum analysis technology and a multidimensional Fourier transform signal processing algorithm: photoacoustic guided wave frequency wave number dispersion, different modal guided wave amplitude relative change rate, time spectrum.
Further, step S3 includes the following:
And combining and extracting parameters of all the photoacoustic signals and corresponding excitation laser wavelengths, and constructing laser wavelength-photoacoustic parameter spectrograms of photoacoustic back scattering signals, photoacoustic guided wave power spectrum slopes, broadband spectrum integration and different modal guided wave amplitude relative change rates.
Further, step S4 includes the following:
And testing optical properties and tissue components of bone tissues by adopting a Fourier spectrum technology, and measuring bone structures, elastic modulus, density and Poisson's ratio by micro-CT, a three-point stress test method and an ultrasonic method.
Further, step S6 includes the following:
The photoacoustic backscattering signal broadband frequency spectrum, backscattering integral and time spectrum diagram and the relative change rate of the guided wave mode amplitude value are used for calibrating the bone tissue physical property and the structural image of the laser irradiation area, and the guided wave frequency-wave number dispersion curve and the time spectrum diagram are used for calibrating the bone tissue physical property and the structural image from the laser irradiation area to the photoacoustic guided wave detection area.
Further, step S7 includes the following:
And (3) training the calibration data in the step S6 by adopting a deep learning neural network and a multi-source multi-target transfer learning neural network, and establishing an inversion model of the photoacoustic backscattering parameters, the photoacoustic guided wave parameters, the bone tissue components and the physical properties.
Further, step S8 includes the following:
The long bone osteoporosis detection system adopting the photoacoustic back scattering and photoacoustic guided wave is used for measuring and acquiring a photoacoustic back scattering signal and a photoacoustic guided wave signal in the bone tissue to be detected according to the step S1, and extracting a photoacoustic broadband spectrum parameter and a photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum according to the step S2; the extracted parameters are then input into an inverse solution model.
The invention further discloses an osteoporosis detection system based on multimode photoacoustic, which comprises a computer, a transmitting and receiving control circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, a broadband tunable laser, a signal amplifier, a multichannel signal amplifier, a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic array transducer, wherein:
The computer is used for:
Transmitting an instruction to the transmitting and receiving control circuit, controlling the wavelength, energy and frequency of the laser excited and output by the broadband tunable laser, and controlling the analog-to-digital converter to perform analog-to-digital conversion on output signals of the signal amplifier and the multichannel signal amplifier;
Receiving and storing the digital signals output by the analog-to-digital converter, processing the received multimode optical signals, and executing the multimode photoacoustic osteoporosis detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to realize osteoporosis diagnosis;
The transmitting and receiving control circuit is used for receiving instructions from the computer, controlling the wavelength, energy and frequency of the laser output by the broadband tunable laser, synchronously controlling the analog-to-digital converter to perform analog-to-digital conversion on output signals from the signal amplifier and the multichannel signal amplifier, and inputting the output signals into the computer for processing;
The broadband tunable laser is used for irradiating pulse lasers with different wavelengths to bone tissues to be measured through the laser output head to perform multi-mode photoacoustic wave excitation;
The piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is used for detecting photoacoustic back scattering signals of the near end of the bone tissue to be measured irradiated by the laser output by the broadband tunable laser;
The ultrasonic array transducer is used for detecting photoacoustic guided wave field signals of the far end of the bone tissue to be measured, which are irradiated by laser output by the broadband tunable laser.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects due to the adoption of the technical scheme:
The osteoporosis detection method and the osteoporosis detection system based on multimode photoacoustic can be used for synchronously acquiring photoacoustic back scattering signals and photoacoustic guided wave information in long cortical bone, and the photoacoustic back scattering signals and the photoacoustic guided waves are combined to detect physical properties of bone tissues from a laser action area to a guided wave detection area, so that the type of photoacoustic wave analysis for bone detection and the bone detection range are increased; the photoacoustic backscattering parameters and the photoacoustic guided wave modal amplitude change rate are combined to calibrate the physical properties (tissue components, optical properties and structural mechanical properties) of the bone tissue of the laser irradiation area, so that the evaluation parameter types of the physical properties of the bone tissue of the laser irradiation area are enhanced, and the stability of bone detection is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings by those skilled in the art without inventive effort. In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multi-mode photoacoustic based osteoporosis detection method of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an osteoporosis detection system based on multimode photoacoustic according to the present invention.
[ Main symbol description ]
1-A computer;
2-a transmit receive control circuit;
a 3-analog-to-digital converter;
4-broadband tunable laser;
A 5-signal amplifier;
A 6-multichannel signal amplifier;
7-a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer;
8-an ultrasound array transducer;
9-bone tissue to be measured.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the invention discloses a multi-mode photoacoustic-based osteoporosis detection method, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1: a multi-mode photoacoustic osteoporosis detection system adopting photoacoustic back scattering-photoacoustic guided wave is used for collecting photoacoustic back scattering signals and photoacoustic guided wave signals excited by lasers with different wavelengths in bone tissues at the same time;
step S2: extracting parameters of the photoacoustic wave signals through signal processing;
specifically, step S2 includes the following:
Processing the photoacoustic back scattering signal by adopting a photoacoustic back scattering signal processing technology, and extracting parameters such as a power spectrum slope, a broadband spectrum integral, a time spectrum and the like; photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum data are extracted by adopting a modal decomposition algorithm, a broadband spectrum analysis technology, a multidimensional Fourier transform and other photoacoustic guided wave signal processing algorithm: photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum data such as photoacoustic guided wave frequency wave number dispersion, different modal guided wave amplitude relative change rates, time spectrum and the like.
Step S3: constructing a photoacoustic wave broadband spectrum parameter spectrum and a photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum;
specifically, step S3 includes the following:
and combining and extracting parameters of all the photoacoustic signals and corresponding excitation laser wavelengths, and constructing laser wavelength-photoacoustic parameter spectrograms of parameters such as photoacoustic back scattering signals, photoacoustic guided wave power spectrum slope, broadband spectrum integration, different modal guided wave amplitude relative change rates and the like.
Step S4: measuring bone tissue composition, optical properties and structural mechanical properties;
specifically, step S4 includes the following:
and testing optical properties and tissue components of bone tissues by adopting a Fourier spectrum technology, and measuring structural mechanical properties such as bone structure, elastic modulus, density, poisson's ratio and the like by micro-CT, a three-point stress test method and an ultrasonic method.
Step S5: repeating the steps S1 to S4 to obtain physical property data of the bone tissue in batches, photoacoustic back scattering signals and parameter spectrum data of photoacoustic guided waves;
Step S6: calibrating the photoacoustic backscattering parameter, the photoacoustic guided wave parameter and the bone tissue physical property data;
specifically, step S6 includes the following:
The photoacoustic backscattering signal broadband frequency spectrum, backscattering integral and time spectrum diagram and the relative change rate of the guided wave mode amplitude value are used for calibrating the bone tissue physical property and the structural image of the laser irradiation area, and the guided wave frequency-wave number dispersion curve and the time spectrum diagram are used for calibrating the bone tissue physical property and the structural image from the laser irradiation area to the photoacoustic guided wave detection area.
Step S7: establishing an inverse model of bone tissue physical properties based on an inverse solution model;
Specifically, step S7 includes the following:
And (3) training the calibration data in the step S6 by adopting a deep learning neural network and a multi-source multi-target transfer learning neural network, and establishing an inversion model of the photoacoustic backscattering parameters, the photoacoustic guided wave parameters, the bone tissue components and the physical properties.
Step S8: inputting the photoacoustic back scattering signal and photoacoustic guided wave parameters of bone tissue measurement into an inverse solution model;
Specifically, step S8 includes the following:
The long bone osteoporosis detection system adopting the photoacoustic back scattering and photoacoustic guided wave is used for measuring and acquiring a photoacoustic back scattering signal and a photoacoustic guided wave signal in the bone tissue to be detected according to the step S1, and extracting a photoacoustic broadband spectrum parameter and a photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum according to the step S2; the extracted parameters are then input into an inverse solution model.
Step S9: outputting information data for measuring physical properties of bone tissues;
step S10: inputting osteoporosis clinical standard data;
Step S11: and comparing the osteoporosis clinical standard data in the step S10 with the measured data in the step S9 to obtain the osteoporosis diagnosis result.
Example two
In the implementation, a computer 1 controls a broadband tunable laser 4 to excite photoacoustic waves into bone tissue 9 to be measured through a transmitting and receiving control circuit 2 and controls an analog-to-digital converter 3 to perform analog-to-digital conversion of input multimode photoacoustic signals; the piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer 7 is adopted to receive the photoacoustic back scattering signal at the near end of the bone tissue under the laser action, and the ultrasonic array transducer 8 is adopted to receive the photoacoustic guided wave signal at the far end; the signals received by the two ultrasonic transducers are amplified by a signal amplifier 5 and a multichannel signal amplifier 6 respectively and then enter an analog-to-digital converter 3, and then are received, stored, data processed and osteoporosis diagnosed by a computer 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the invention further discloses an osteoporosis detection system based on multimode photoacoustic, which comprises a computer 1, a transmitting and receiving control circuit 2, an analog-to-digital converter 3, a broadband tunable laser 4, a signal amplifier 5, a multichannel signal amplifier 6, a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer 7 and an ultrasonic array transducer 8, wherein:
The computer 1 is used for:
Transmitting an instruction to the transmitting and receiving control circuit 2, controlling the wavelength, energy and frequency of the excitation output laser of the broadband tunable laser 4, and controlling the analog-to-digital converter 3 to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the output signals of the signal amplifier 5 and the multichannel signal amplifier 6;
Receiving and storing the digital signal output by the analog-to-digital converter 3, processing the received multimode optical signal, and executing the multimode photoacoustic osteoporosis detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to realize osteoporosis diagnosis;
The transmitting and receiving control circuit 2 is configured to receive an instruction from the computer 1, control the wavelength, energy and frequency of the laser output by the broadband tunable laser 4, synchronously control the analog-to-digital converter 3 to perform analog-to-digital conversion on output signals from the signal amplifier 5 and the multichannel signal amplifier 6, and input the output signals to the computer 1 for processing;
The broadband tunable laser 4 is used for irradiating pulse lasers with different wavelengths to bone tissues 9 to be measured through a laser output head to perform multi-mode photoacoustic wave excitation;
The piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer 7 is used for detecting a photoacoustic back scattering signal of the near end of the bone tissue 9 to be measured irradiated by laser output by the broadband tunable laser 4;
the ultrasonic array transducer 8 is used for detecting photoacoustic guided wave field signals of the far end of the bone tissue 9 to be measured irradiated by laser output by the broadband tunable laser 4.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The osteoporosis detection method based on the multimode photoacoustic is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: simultaneously collecting photoacoustic back scattering signals and photoacoustic guided wave signals excited by lasers with different wavelengths in bone tissues;
step S2: extracting parameters of the photoacoustic wave signals through signal processing;
Step S3: constructing a photoacoustic wave broadband spectrum parameter spectrum and a photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum;
step S4: measuring bone tissue composition, optical properties and structural mechanical properties;
Step S5: repeating the steps S1 to S4 to obtain physical property data of the bone tissue in batches, photoacoustic back scattering signals and parameter spectrum data of photoacoustic guided waves;
Step S6: calibrating the photoacoustic backscattering parameter, the photoacoustic guided wave parameter and the bone tissue physical property data;
step S7: establishing an inverse model of bone tissue physical properties based on an inverse solution model;
Step S8: inputting the photoacoustic back scattering signal and photoacoustic guided wave parameters of bone tissue measurement into an inverse solution model;
step S9: outputting information data for measuring physical properties of bone tissues;
step S10: inputting osteoporosis clinical standard data;
Step S11: and comparing the osteoporosis clinical standard data in the step S10 with the measured data in the step S9 to obtain the osteoporosis diagnosis result.
2. The multi-mode photoacoustic-based osteoporosis detection method of claim 1, wherein step S2 comprises the following:
Processing the photoacoustic back scattering signal by adopting a photoacoustic back scattering signal processing technology, and extracting power spectrum slope, broadband spectrum integration and time spectrum parameters; extracting photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum data by adopting a modal decomposition algorithm, a broadband spectrum analysis technology and a multidimensional Fourier transform signal processing algorithm: photoacoustic guided wave frequency wave number dispersion, different modal guided wave amplitude relative change rate, time spectrum.
3. The multi-mode photoacoustic-based osteoporosis detection method of claim 1, wherein step S3 comprises the following:
And combining and extracting parameters of all the photoacoustic signals and corresponding excitation laser wavelengths, and constructing laser wavelength-photoacoustic parameter spectrograms of photoacoustic back scattering signals, photoacoustic guided wave power spectrum slopes, broadband spectrum integration and different modal guided wave amplitude relative change rates.
4. The multi-mode photoacoustic-based osteoporosis detection method of claim 1, wherein step S4 comprises the following:
And testing optical properties and tissue components of bone tissues by adopting a Fourier spectrum technology, and measuring bone structures, elastic modulus, density and Poisson's ratio by micro-CT, a three-point stress test method and an ultrasonic method.
5. The multi-mode photoacoustic-based osteoporosis detection method of claim 1, wherein step S6 comprises the following:
The photoacoustic backscattering signal broadband frequency spectrum, backscattering integral and time spectrum diagram and the relative change rate of the guided wave mode amplitude value are used for calibrating the bone tissue physical property and the structural image of the laser irradiation area, and the guided wave frequency-wave number dispersion curve and the time spectrum diagram are used for calibrating the bone tissue physical property and the structural image from the laser irradiation area to the photoacoustic guided wave detection area.
6. The multi-mode photoacoustic-based osteoporosis detection method of claim 1, wherein step S7 comprises the following:
And (3) training the calibration data in the step S6 by adopting a deep learning neural network and a multi-source multi-target transfer learning neural network, and establishing an inversion model of the photoacoustic backscattering parameters, the photoacoustic guided wave parameters, the bone tissue components and the physical properties.
7. The multi-mode photoacoustic-based osteoporosis detection method of claim 1, wherein step S8 comprises the following:
The long bone osteoporosis detection system adopting the photoacoustic back scattering and photoacoustic guided wave is used for measuring and acquiring a photoacoustic back scattering signal and a photoacoustic guided wave signal in the bone tissue to be detected according to the step S1, and extracting a photoacoustic broadband spectrum parameter and a photoacoustic guided wave parameter spectrum according to the step S2; the extracted parameters are then input into an inverse solution model.
8. The osteoporosis detection system based on multimode photoacoustic is characterized by comprising a computer, a transmitting and receiving control circuit, an analog-to-digital converter, a broadband tunable laser, a signal amplifier, a multichannel signal amplifier, a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer and an ultrasonic array transducer, wherein:
The computer is used for:
Transmitting an instruction to the transmitting and receiving control circuit, controlling the wavelength, energy and frequency of the laser excited and output by the broadband tunable laser, and controlling the analog-to-digital converter to perform analog-to-digital conversion on output signals of the signal amplifier and the multichannel signal amplifier;
Receiving and storing the digital signals output by the analog-to-digital converter, processing the received multimode optical signals, and executing the multimode photoacoustic osteoporosis detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to realize osteoporosis diagnosis;
The transmitting and receiving control circuit is used for receiving instructions from the computer, controlling the wavelength, energy and frequency of the laser output by the broadband tunable laser, synchronously controlling the analog-to-digital converter to perform analog-to-digital conversion on output signals from the signal amplifier and the multichannel signal amplifier, and inputting the output signals into the computer for processing;
The broadband tunable laser is used for irradiating pulse lasers with different wavelengths to bone tissues to be measured through the laser output head to perform multi-mode photoacoustic wave excitation;
The piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer is used for detecting photoacoustic back scattering signals of the near end of the bone tissue to be measured irradiated by the laser output by the broadband tunable laser;
The ultrasonic array transducer is used for detecting photoacoustic guided wave field signals of the far end of the bone tissue to be measured, which are irradiated by laser output by the broadband tunable laser.
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| CN202411074146.0A CN119014815A (en) | 2024-08-07 | 2024-08-07 | A multi-mode photoacoustic osteoporosis detection method and detection system |
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