CN118976796A - A preparation method and application of low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire - Google Patents
A preparation method and application of low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN118976796A CN118976796A CN202411455500.4A CN202411455500A CN118976796A CN 118976796 A CN118976796 A CN 118976796A CN 202411455500 A CN202411455500 A CN 202411455500A CN 118976796 A CN118976796 A CN 118976796A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/406—Filled tubular wire or rods
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire, which comprises the following steps: 1. the outer skin of the metal powder core wire is made of metal strips, and the filler comprises metal powder and a binder; 2. mixing metal powder and a binder in a banburying way to obtain a semi-solid mixture; 3. annealing the metal belt, rolling into a U-shaped groove, then feeding the semi-solid mixture into the U-shaped groove, and rolling and closing by a roller to obtain a coarse wire; 4. and carrying out multi-pass isothermal rolling on the thick wire to obtain the metal powder core wire material by successive reducing. According to the invention, the binder is added into the filler to ensure the mixing uniformity of the metal powder and the flowability of the filler, so that the filling effect of the filler is improved, the performance of the metal powder core wire is further ensured, the shape, the particle size and the material requirements of the metal powder are reduced, the powder cost is greatly reduced, and the obtained metal powder core wire is suitable for welding, high-energy beam cladding or additive manufacturing, and has wide application range and high practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new materials, in particular to a preparation method and application of a low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire.
Background
With the rapid development of manufacturing industries such as navigation, weapons and oil exploitation, the requirements on the service environment and performance of key parts are more severe, the conventional metal materials cannot meet the use requirements, and new materials with higher hardness, wear resistance, high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance are urgently required to be developed. Research has focused on the preparation of coatings with specific properties on the surface of conventional metals using welding or high energy beam heat sources (laser/electron beam/arc/plasma arc), even directly using high energy beam heat sources to make parts from wire additive manufacturing. Welding wires are needed for welding and wire additive manufacturing, but the traditional solid welding wires are long in processing period, components are not easy to adjust, and some high-hardness materials are high in hardness and large in brittleness, so that a metal belt of the high-hardness materials is cracked during processing, and the metal belt cannot be used for preparing welding wires. Thus, many researchers have focused on investigating cored wires.
At present, the preparation method of the cored wire mainly comprises the steps of conveying prealloyed powder or mixed powder into a metal belt with a U-shaped groove through a conveyor belt, and then rolling or drawing for multiple times to prepare the welding wire. In order to ensure that the powder is smoothly conveyed on a conveyor belt, the prealloy powder generally adopts spherical powder with the fluidity of 120-250 mu m, but the preparation cost of the spherical powder is higher; and some materials with higher hardness or higher brittleness cannot be used for preparing spherical powder, so that many materials with excellent performance cannot be prepared into welding wires, and the preparation and application of wire parts are severely limited. Some researchers try to use non-spherical powder as a powder core, but due to poor flowability of the non-spherical powder, especially when reinforcing particles, other alloy powders or elements are added into pre-alloy powder to prepare mixed powder, the flowability difference of different components in the mixed powder further causes that the mixed powder cannot be fed into a metal belt according to preset components and content, so that the consistency of actual components and preset components of a welding wire cannot be ensured, and the uniformity of components cannot be ensured. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new process for preparing cored wires to accommodate the preparation of more materials and to reduce costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a metal powder core wire with low cost and high performance aiming at the defects of the prior art. According to the method, the binder is added into the filler to ensure the mixing uniformity of the metal powder and the flowability of the filler, so that the filling effect of the filler is improved, the performance of the metal powder core wire is further ensured, the shape, the particle size and the material requirements of the metal powder are reduced, the powder cost is greatly reduced, the problem that the non-spherical powder mixed powder cannot be fed into a metal belt according to preset components and content due to the flowability difference, the uncontrollable and non-uniform components of a welding wire are caused is solved, and the limitations of the existing powder core wire forming technology in the aspects of powder shape, particle size, material and the like are broken through.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the preparation method of the low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, selecting materials: the outer skin of the metal powder core wire is made of metal strips, and the filler comprises metal powder and a binder;
Step two, preparing a filler: placing the metal powder and the binder selected in the first step into an internal mixer for internal mixing to obtain a semi-solid mixture;
Step three, forming thick silk: annealing, cleaning and drying the metal belt selected in the first step, rolling into a U-shaped groove by a roller, then feeding the semi-solid mixture prepared in the second step into the U-shaped groove by a conveying pipeline, and rolling to close the U-shaped groove by the roller to obtain coarse yarns;
Step four, reducing: and (3) carrying out multi-pass isothermal rolling on the thick wire obtained in the step (III) to gradually reduce the diameter, thereby obtaining the metal powder core wire.
The metal powder core wire consists of a metal strip with an outer skin and an internally-wrapped filler, wherein the filler is added with a binder besides metal powder. Firstly, metal powder and a binder are mixed by banburying to obtain a semi-solid mixture as a filler, and the binder is added into the filler, so that the fluidity and uniformity of the metal powder during banburying and mixing are ensured, the fluidity of the semi-solid mixture is ensured, a better filling effect is achieved, the high cost and the limitation of material types of preparing the powder core wire by adopting spherical powder are solved, and the problem that mixed powder of non-spherical powder cannot be fed into a metal belt according to preset components and content due to the difference of fluidity is solved; then, annealing the metal belt with certain width and thickness, cleaning, drying, rolling into a U-shaped groove, feeding the semi-solid mixture, rolling and closing the U-shaped groove to obtain coarse wires, eliminating the stress of the metal belt through annealing, softening the metal belt, promoting the deformation of the metal belt during rolling, reducing the abrasion layer degree of a rolling die and prolonging the service life of the rolling die; finally, the thick wire is subjected to multi-pass isothermal rolling to gradually reduce the diameter, so that the semi-solid mixture of the filler is guaranteed to have certain fluidity through isothermal rolling, and the metal belt can be softened, so that the filler and the metal belt are promoted to deform simultaneously, the formability of the wire is improved, and the cracking of the metal belt during rolling is avoided.
The preparation method of the low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire is characterized in that the particle size of the metal powder in the first step is smaller than 0.5mm, and the binder in the first step is derived from a wax-based and polymer-based thermoplastic and water-soluble binder. By limiting the particle size of the metal powder and the type of the binder, the semi-solid mixture formed by the metal powder and the binder during the later processing is ensured to have proper fluidity, and the smooth proceeding of the processing technology is facilitated.
The preparation method of the low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire is characterized in that the volume ratio of the binder in the metal powder and the binder in the second step is 30% -40%, the banburying chamber is in a vacuum environment when the banburying and mixing are carried out uniformly, the banburying temperature is 120 ℃ -180 ℃, the mixing is carried out for 7 min-15 min at a low rotating speed of 4 rpm-8 rpm, and then the mixing is carried out for 50 min-80 min at a high rotating speed of 38 rpm-43 rpm. The method has the advantages that the oxidation of metal powder is prevented by adopting a vacuum environment during banburying and mixing, meanwhile, the banburying temperature is controlled to avoid the decomposition of the binder, and the uniformity of banburying and mixing is improved by adopting a mode of firstly mixing at a low rotating speed and then mixing at a high rotating speed.
The preparation method of the low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire is characterized in that the filling rate of the semi-solid mixture fed into the U-shaped groove in the step three is 14% -35% by mass. By controlling the filling rate of the semi-solid mixture, it is ensured that during subsequent processing the semi-solid mixture fills as densely as possible inside the wire without forming internal gaps or flowing out of the joint.
The preparation method of the low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire is characterized in that the temperature of the multi-pass isothermal rolling in the fourth step is 120-200 ℃. By controlling the temperature of multi-pass isothermal rolling, the decomposition of the binder is avoided on the premise of ensuring that the semi-solid mixture in the coarse wire has fluidity in the rolling process.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses application of the metal powder core wire prepared by the method, which is characterized by being applied to welding, high-energy beam cladding or additive manufacturing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. According to the invention, the binder is added into the filler of the metal powder core wire, so that the mixing uniformity of the metal powder is ensured, the oxidation of the metal powder during conventional ball milling powder mixing is avoided, the fluidity of the filler is ensured, the filler has an excellent filling effect, the performance of the metal powder core wire is further ensured, the problem that the mixed powder of non-spherical powder mixed powder cannot be fed into a metal belt according to preset components and content due to the fluidity difference is solved, and the preparation cost is reduced.
2. The preparation method has no requirement on the type and shape of the metal powder, the grain size selection range is larger (less than 0.5 mm), the metal powder can be hydrogenated and dehydrogenated powder, and the powder can be recovered for one time or even multiple times, has large freedom of powder selection, wide sources and low cost, greatly reduces the cost of the powder, and also solves the limitations of the existing powder core wire forming technology in aspects of powder morphology (spherical shape), grain size (120-250 mu m), material (high hardness, brittleness) and the like.
3. According to the invention, the metal powder and the binder are subjected to vacuum banburying, and the semi-solid mixture is prepared by mixing at a low speed and then stirring at a high speed uniformly, so that the oxidation of the powder during the mixing period is avoided, and the uniformity of the semi-solid mixture is promoted.
4. The invention carries out annealing treatment before rolling the skin metal belt into the U-shaped groove, so that the metal belt is softened, the deformation of the metal belt during rolling is promoted, the rolling deformation pass is reduced, the abrasion degree of a rolling die is reduced, the service life of the rolling die is prolonged, and the use cost of the die is reduced.
5. According to the invention, the rough wire is subjected to multi-pass isothermal rolling, the fluidity of the semi-solid mixture of the filler is ensured by controlling the temperature, the metal belt can be further softened, the two metal belts are promoted to deform simultaneously, the cracking of the metal belt is avoided, and the formability of the wire is improved.
6. According to the invention, the filling effect of the filler is improved by adding the binder into the filler, the requirements on the shape, the particle size and the material of the metal powder are reduced, the annealing softening is carried out on the metal belt, the rolling pass is reduced, the isothermal rolling is carried out on the thick wire, the wire formability is improved, the isothermal rolling pass is reduced, the process flow is shortened, the raw material cost and the preparation cost are effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the yield is improved.
7. The preparation method of the metal powder core wire is applicable to all kinds of metals and powders, has low production cost and high efficiency, and is applicable to industrialized mass production; meanwhile, the prepared metal powder core wire is suitable for welding, high-energy beam cladding or additive manufacturing, and has wide application range and high practical value.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of hydrogenated and dehydrogenated non-spherical Ti6Al4V powder used in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the mixing of hydrogenated and dehydrogenated non-spherical Ti6Al4V powder and a binder in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a physical diagram of a metal powder core wire prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a physical diagram of a titanium alloy block obtained by electron beam additive manufacturing of the metal powder core wire prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a microstructure of a titanium alloy block obtained by electron beam additive manufacturing of the metal powder core wire prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The preparation method of the metal powder core wire comprises the following steps:
Step one, selecting materials: the outer skin of the metal powder core wire is a CP-Ti tape with the thickness multiplied by the width of 0.4mm multiplied by 10mm, the filler comprises hydrogenated and dehydrogenated non-spherical Ti6Al4V powder with the particle size not exceeding 30 mu m as shown in figure 1 and a binder, and the binder is a thermoplastic and water-soluble polymer-based binder prepared from the following components in mass content: polyethylene glycol PEG 72%, polyoxymethylene POM 23%, polymethyl methacrylate PMMA 2%, stearic acid SA 2%, dioctyl phthalate DOP 1%;
Step two, preparing a filler: placing the hydrogenation dehydrogenation non-spherical Ti6Al4V powder and the water-soluble binder selected in the first step into an internal mixer for internal mixing uniformly, wherein the volume ratio of the water-soluble binder in the Ti6Al4V hydrogenation dehydrogenation non-spherical powder and the water-soluble binder is 35 percent as shown in figure 2, the internal mixing chamber is in a vacuum environment during internal mixing uniformly, the internal mixing temperature is 180 ℃, the internal mixing is carried out for 8 minutes at a low rotating speed of 5rpm, and then the internal mixing is carried out for 50 minutes at a high rotating speed of 40rpm, so that a semi-solid mixture is obtained;
Step three, forming thick silk: annealing, cleaning and drying the CP-Ti belt selected in the first step at 600 ℃/4h, rolling into a U-shaped groove by a roller, then feeding the semi-solid mixture prepared in the second step into the U-shaped groove according to the filling rate of 30% by mass percent through a conveying pipeline, and rolling and closing the U-shaped groove by the roller to obtain a coarse wire with the diameter phi of 3 mm;
Step four, reducing: the thick wire obtained in the third step is subjected to isothermal rolling at 200 ℃ for 9 times to gradually reduce the diameter, and a metal powder core wire with the diameter phi of 2mm is obtained, as shown in fig. 3.
Through detection, the metal powder core wire prepared by the embodiment has smooth surface, no oxidation, continuous wire and uniform size.
The application process of the metal powder core wire in the embodiment is as follows: carrying out electron beam additive manufacturing on the metal powder core wire, wherein the technological parameters are as follows: the power was 5kW, the wire feed speed was 2400mm/min, the deposition speed was 800mm/min, and the lap joint rate was 50%, to obtain titanium alloy blocks (sample 1 and sample 2).
Through detection, the metal powder core wire material of the embodiment is continuous and stable in wire feeding and good in interlayer bonding in the electron beam additive manufacturing process, as shown in fig. 4, and the obtained printed titanium alloy block has the yield strength of 498.7MPa, the tensile strength of 649.6MPa and the elongation of 15.2%.
Fig. 5 is a microstructure diagram of a titanium alloy block obtained by electron beam additive manufacturing of the metal powder core wire prepared in embodiment 1 of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 5, the microstructure of the titanium alloy block has no obvious defects such as air holes, cracks, etc.
The metal powder core wire of this embodiment was continuously applied to electron beam welding of sample 1 and sample 2, with welding parameters of: the voltage is 150kV, the welding current is 354mA, the basic value current is 39mA, and the welding speed is 800mm/min, so that the welding piece is obtained.
Through detection, the welding seam and the base metal in the welding piece of the embodiment are well combined, the yield strength of the welding joint is 522.3MPa, the tensile strength is 682.5MPa, and the elongation is 14.4%.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the metal powder core wire material of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
Step one, selecting materials: the outer skin of the metal powder core wire material is a CP-Ti belt with the thickness multiplied by the width of 0.4mm multiplied by 10mm, and the filler is Ti6Al4V spherical powder with the particle size of 120-250 mu m;
Step two, forming thick silk: cleaning and drying the CP-Ti belt selected in the first step, rolling the CP-Ti belt into a U-shaped groove, then feeding the Ti6Al4V spherical powder selected in the first step into the U-shaped groove according to the mass percent of the filling rate of 25.3%, and rolling the U-shaped groove by a roller to obtain a coarse wire with the diameter phi of 3 mm;
Reducing the diameter: and (3) carrying out 15-pass rolling on the thick wire obtained in the step two to gradually reduce the diameter to obtain the metal powder core wire with the diameter phi of 2 mm.
Through detection, the surface of the metal powder core wire prepared in the comparative example has microcracks and oxidation, and the wire is nonuniform in size and limited in length.
The application process of the metal powder core wire of the comparative example is as follows: carrying out electron beam additive manufacturing on the metal powder core wire, wherein the technological parameters are as follows: the power was 5kW, the wire feed speed was 2400mm/min, the deposition speed was 800mm/min, and the lap joint rate was 50%, to obtain titanium alloy blocks (sample 1 and sample 2).
Through detection, the metal powder core wire material of the comparative example has fluctuation in wire feeding in the electron beam additive manufacturing process, good interlayer bonding, and the obtained printed titanium alloy block has the yield strength of 472.3MPa, the tensile strength of 617.6MPa and the elongation of 13.6%.
The metal powder core wire of this comparative example was continuously applied to electron beam welding of sample 1 and sample 2 with the welding parameters: the voltage is 150kV, the welding current is 354mA, the basic value current is 39mA, and the welding speed is 800mm/min, so that the welding piece is obtained.
The welded joint of the welded piece of the comparative example has a yield strength of 501.7MPa, a tensile strength of 638.4MPa and an elongation of 11.6%.
Comparing inventive example 1 with comparative example 1, it is seen that the cost of example 1 is reduced to about 45% of that of comparative example 1, which is a low cost metal powder core wire; meanwhile, the metal powder core wire prepared in the embodiment 1 is superior to the comparative example 1 in mechanical properties no matter used for electron beam additive manufacturing or electron beam welding, and is a high-performance metal powder core wire.
Example 2
The preparation method of the metal powder core wire comprises the following steps:
Step one, selecting materials: the sheath of the metal powder core wire is a low-carbon steel strip with the thickness multiplied by the width of 0.5mm multiplied by 12mm, the filler comprises metal powder and a binder, the metal powder comprises irregular Cr powder with the particle size of 0.25 mm-0.5 mm, hydrogenated and dehydrogenated non-spherical Ni powder, mo powder, mn powder and Cu powder with the particle size of 53-104 mu m and irregular Si powder with the particle size of 200nm, and the mass ratio of Ni to Cr to Mn to Cu to Si=37:59:8:6:0.15:1.9 is a thermoplastic water-soluble polyoxymethylene-based binder prepared from the following components in parts by mass: polyoxymethylene POM 35%, low density polyethylene LDPE 18.6%, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer EVA 1.4%, polyethylene wax PW 42%, stearic acid SA 3%;
Step two, preparing a filler: placing the metal powder and the polyformaldehyde-based binder selected in the first step into an internal mixer for internal mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the polyformaldehyde-based binder in the metal powder and the polyformaldehyde-based binder is 30%, the internal mixing chamber is in a vacuum environment during internal mixing, the internal mixing temperature is 150 ℃, the internal mixing is carried out for 15min at a low rotating speed of 4rpm, and then the internal mixing is carried out for 60min at a high rotating speed of 43rpm, so that a semi-solid mixture is obtained;
Step three, forming thick silk: annealing the low-carbon steel strip selected in the first step at 550 ℃/6h, cleaning and drying, rolling into a U-shaped groove by a roller, then feeding the semi-solid mixture prepared in the second step into the U-shaped groove by a conveying pipeline according to the filling rate of 35% by mass percent, and rolling and closing the U-shaped groove by the roller to obtain a coarse wire with the diameter phi of 3.5 mm;
step four, reducing: and (3) carrying out 8-pass isothermal rolling at 160 ℃ on the thick wire obtained in the step (III) to gradually reduce the diameter, thereby obtaining the metal powder core wire with the diameter phi of 1.6 mm.
Through detection, the metal powder core wire prepared by the embodiment has smooth surface, no oxidation, continuous wire and uniform size.
The application process of the metal powder core wire in the embodiment is as follows: carrying out laser additive manufacturing on the metal powder core wire, wherein the technological parameters are as follows: stainless steel blocks (sample 1 and sample 2) were obtained at a power of 3.5kW, a wire feed speed of 2400mm/min, a scanning speed of 720mm/min, and a lap joint rate of 50%.
Through detection, the metal powder core wire material of the embodiment is continuous and stable in wire feeding and good in interlayer bonding in the electron beam additive manufacturing process, and the obtained printed stainless steel block has the yield strength of 441.6MPa, the tensile strength of 635.4MPa and the elongation of 51.3%.
The metal powder core wire of this embodiment is continuously applied to laser welding of sample 1 and sample 2, and the welding parameters are: the laser power is 1.35kW, the welding speed is 0.8m/min, and the defocusing amount is 0mm, so that a welding piece is obtained.
Through detection, the welding seam and the base metal in the welding piece of the embodiment are well combined, the yield strength of the welding joint is 453.1MPa, the tensile strength is 655.9MPa, and the elongation is 42.7%.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the metal powder core wire material of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
Step one, selecting materials: the outer skin of the metal powder core wire is a low-carbon steel strip with the thickness multiplied by the width of 0.5mm multiplied by 12mm, the filler comprises metal powder, the metal powder comprises spherical Ni powder, cr powder, mo powder, mn powder and Cu powder with the particle size of 120-250 mu m, and irregular Si powder with the particle size of 200nm, and the mass ratio of Ni to Mo to Mn to Cu is that Si=37:59:8:6:0.15:1.9;
Step two, forming thick silk: cleaning and drying the low-carbon steel belt selected in the first step, rolling the low-carbon steel belt into a U-shaped groove, then feeding the metal powder selected in the first step into the U-shaped groove according to the mass percent of 32.2% of filling rate through a conveying pipeline, and rolling the U-shaped groove by a roller to obtain a coarse wire with the diameter phi of 3.5 mm;
Reducing the diameter: and (3) carrying out 13-pass rolling on the thick wire obtained in the step (III) to gradually reduce the diameter to obtain the metal powder core wire with the diameter phi of 1.6 mm.
Through detection, the metal powder core wire prepared by the embodiment has smooth surface, no oxidation, continuous wire and uniform size.
The application process of the metal powder core wire of the comparative example is as follows: carrying out laser additive manufacturing on the metal powder core wire, wherein the technological parameters are as follows: the laser power was 3.5kW, the wire feed speed was 2400mm/min, the scanning speed was 720mm/min, and the lap joint rate was 50%, to obtain stainless steel blocks (sample 1 and sample 2).
Through detection, the yield strength of the stainless steel block obtained by applying the metal powder core wire of the comparative example to laser beam additive manufacturing is 438.5MPa, the tensile strength is 647.2MPa, and the elongation is 47.1%.
The metal powder core wire of this comparative example was continuously applied to laser welding of sample 1 and sample 2 with the welding parameters: the laser power is 1.35kW, the welding speed is 0.8m/min, and the defocusing amount is 0mm, so that a welding piece is obtained.
The welded joint of the welded piece of the comparative example has a yield strength of 446.3MPa, a tensile strength of 659.1MPa and an elongation of 39.8%.
Comparing inventive example 2 with comparative example 2, it is seen that the cost of example 2 is reduced to about 41% of that of comparative example 2, which is a low cost metal powder core wire; meanwhile, the metal powder core wire prepared in the embodiment 2 is equal to the product obtained in the comparative example 2 in mechanical properties no matter used for laser additive manufacturing or laser welding, but has better plasticity, and is a high-performance metal powder core wire.
Example 3
The preparation method of the metal powder core wire comprises the following steps:
Step one, selecting materials: the outer skin of the metal powder core wire is an aluminum strip with the thickness multiplied by the width of 0.8mm multiplied by 16mm, the filler comprises metal powder and a binder, the metal powder comprises hydrogenated and dehydrogenated non-spherical Cu powder, mn powder, fe powder, zr powder with the particle size of 15-53 mu m and irregular Si powder with the particle size of 200nm, the mass ratio of Cu to Mn to Si to Fe is Zr=68:3.2:2.1 to 3.2:2.1, and the binder is a thermoplastic water-soluble wax-based binder prepared from the following components in parts by mass: brown purlin wax CW 62%, high density polyethylene HDPE 35%, stearic acid SA 3%;
Step two, preparing a filler: placing the metal powder and the binder selected in the first step into an internal mixer for internal mixing, wherein the volume ratio of the binder in the metal powder and the binder is 40%, the internal mixing chamber is in a vacuum environment during internal mixing, the internal mixing temperature is 120 ℃, the mixture is firstly mixed for 7min at a low rotating speed of 8rpm, and then mixed for 80min at a high rotating speed of 38rpm, so that a semi-solid mixture is obtained;
Step three, forming thick silk: carrying out 300 ℃/4h annealing treatment and cleaning drying on the aluminum strip selected in the first step, rolling into a U-shaped groove by a roller, then feeding the semi-solid mixture prepared in the second step into the U-shaped groove according to the filling rate of 14% by mass percent by a conveying pipeline, and rolling and closing the U-shaped groove by the roller to obtain a thick wire with the diameter phi of 5 mm;
Step four, reducing: and (3) carrying out 6-pass isothermal rolling at 120 ℃ on the thick wire obtained in the step (III) to gradually reduce the diameter, thereby obtaining the metal powder core wire with the diameter phi of 1.2 mm.
Through detection, the metal powder core wire prepared by the embodiment has smooth surface, no oxidation, continuous wire and uniform size.
The application process of the metal powder core wire in the embodiment is as follows: carrying out arc additive manufacturing on the metal powder core wire, wherein the technological parameters are as follows: the frequency of the alternating current power supply is 50Hz, the wire feeding speed is 2000mm/min, the scanning speed is 300mm/min, the peak current is 150A, and the base value current is 100A, so that the aluminum alloy blocks (sample 1 and sample 2) are obtained.
Through detection, the metal powder core wire material of the embodiment is continuous and stable in wire feeding and good in interlayer bonding in the arc additive manufacturing process, and the obtained printed aluminum alloy block has the yield strength of 128.3MPa, the tensile strength of 262.6MPa and the elongation of 16.3%.
The metal powder cored wire of this example was continuously applied to arc welding of sample 1 and sample 2 with the welding parameters: the welding piece is obtained by the wire feeding speed of 1800mm/min, the scanning speed of 280mm/min, the peak current of 200A and the basic value current of 100A.
Through detection, the welding seam and the base metal in the welding piece of the embodiment are well combined, the yield strength of the welding joint is 137.8MPa, the tensile strength is 274.6MPa, and the elongation is 13.5%.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the metal powder core wire material of the comparative example comprises the following steps:
Step one, selecting materials: the outer skin of the metal powder core wire is an aluminum strip with the thickness multiplied by the width of 0.8mm multiplied by 16mm, the filler comprises metal powder, the metal powder comprises spherical Cu powder, mn powder, fe powder and Zr powder with the particle size of 120-150 mu m and irregular Si powder with the particle size of 200nm, and the mass ratio of Cu to Mn to Si to Zr=68:3.2:2.1:3.2:2.1;
Step two, forming thick silk: cleaning and drying the aluminum strip selected in the step one, rolling the aluminum strip into a U-shaped groove, then feeding the metal powder selected in the step one into the U-shaped groove according to the mass percent of the metal powder of 9.5%, and rolling the U-shaped groove by a roller to obtain a coarse wire with the diameter phi of 3.5 mm;
Step four, reducing: and (3) carrying out 10-pass rolling on the thick wire obtained in the step (III) to gradually reduce the diameter to obtain the metal powder core wire with the diameter phi of 1.6 mm.
The application process of the metal powder core wire of the comparative example is as follows: carrying out arc additive manufacturing on the metal powder core wire, wherein the technological parameters are as follows: the frequency of the alternating current power supply is 50Hz, the wire feeding speed is 2000mm/min, the scanning speed is 300mm/min, the peak current is 150A, and the base value current is 100A, so that the aluminum alloy blocks (sample 1 and sample 2) are obtained.
Through detection, the metal powder core wire material of the embodiment has fluctuation in wire feeding in the arc additive manufacturing process, good interlayer bonding, and the obtained printed aluminum alloy block has the yield strength of 109.4MPa, the tensile strength of 242.5MPa and the elongation of 14.7%.
The metal powder cored wire of this example was continuously applied to arc welding of sample 1 and sample 2 with the welding parameters: the welding piece is obtained by the wire feeding speed of 1800mm/min, the scanning speed of 280mm/min, the peak current of 200A and the basic value current of 100A.
The welded joint of the welded piece of the comparative example has a yield strength of 117.3MPa, a tensile strength of 251.3MPa and an elongation of 12.3%.
Comparing inventive example 3 with comparative example 3, it is seen that the cost of example 3 is reduced to about 38% of that of comparative example 3, which is a low cost metal powder core wire; meanwhile, the metal powder core wire prepared in the embodiment 3 is superior to the product obtained in the comparative example 3 in mechanical properties no matter used for arc additive manufacturing or arc welding, and is a high-performance metal powder core wire.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modification, variation and equivalent variation of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, selecting materials: the outer skin of the metal powder core wire is made of metal strips, and the filler comprises metal powder and a binder;
Step two, preparing a filler: placing the metal powder and the binder selected in the first step into an internal mixer for internal mixing to obtain a semi-solid mixture;
Step three, forming thick silk: annealing, cleaning and drying the metal belt selected in the first step, rolling into a U-shaped groove by a roller, then feeding the semi-solid mixture prepared in the second step into the U-shaped groove by a conveying pipeline, and rolling to close the U-shaped groove by the roller to obtain coarse yarns;
Step four, reducing: and (3) carrying out multi-pass isothermal rolling on the thick wire obtained in the step (III) to gradually reduce the diameter, thereby obtaining the metal powder core wire.
2. The method for preparing a low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the metal powder in the first step is less than 0.5mm, and the binder in the first step is derived from a wax-based, polymer-based thermoplastic, water-soluble binder.
3. The method for preparing the low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the volume ratio of the binder in the metal powder and the binder is 30% -40%, the banburying chamber is in a vacuum environment during banburying and mixing, the banburying temperature is 120 ℃ -180 ℃, the mixing is carried out for 7 min-15 min at a low rotating speed of 4 rpm-8 rpm, and then the mixing is carried out for 50 min-80 min at a high rotating speed of 38 rpm-43 rpm.
4. The preparation method of the low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire according to claim 1, wherein the filling rate of the semi-solid mixture fed into the U-shaped groove in the step three is 14% -35% by mass.
5. The method for preparing the low-cost high-performance metal powder core wire according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the multi-pass isothermal rolling in the fourth step is 120-200 ℃.
6. Use of a metal cored wire prepared by the method of any of claims 1-5 in welding, high energy beam cladding, or additive manufacturing.
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