Annular side safety liquid drainage system of underground gas storage
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground oil gas exploitation equipment, in particular to a bottom hole liquid discharge system of an underground gas storage, and the international patent classification number possibly related is E21B43/00.
Background
Underground gas storage is the use of underground porous rock formations or closed caverns to store natural gas. Is an economical and safe method for storing a large amount of natural gas. The main functions are to adjust the unbalance of the season supply and demand of the fuel gas, ensure the requirement of the peak of the gas supply, make the long-distance gas pipeline and equipment operate in balance, improve the utilization rate of the pipeline and equipment, reduce the gas supply cost, and ensure the gas supply in the emergency situations such as accidents. The depleted oil-gas layer, the underground water-bearing layer and the underground cave with good tightness can be used as an underground gas storage.
Subsurface reservoir bottom hole fluid is a common problem, particularly in the later stages of gas well production, due to reduced formation pressure and well productivity, and increased well bore temperature gradients, causing some of the components in the natural gas to condense in the well bore to form condensate. When the gas well gas production is insufficient to carry out the part of condensate, the condensate can fall back to the bottom of the well to form bottom liquid. The hydrops phenomenon can increase the back pressure at the bottom of the well, reduce the production pressure difference and reduce the gas production amount until the gas well stops producing.
In response to the bottom hole effusion, the common means is gas lift liquid discharge, and the gas lift liquid discharge mode is to inject high-pressure gas into an annulus and enter an injection and production pipe column through a gas lift valve, so that the density of fluid in the pipe is reduced, the effusion and the gas are mixed to form low-density bubble liquid, and the bubble liquid is discharged out of the ground under the action of the gas pressure in the well.
Gas lift drainage is an effective means for draining liquid at the bottom of a well, but in the method, liquid accumulation at the bottom of the well is conveyed to the whole injection and production well column in a bubble mixed liquid mode, the contained hydrate can corrode the inner wall of the injection and production well column, and in addition, the discharged bubble mixed liquid needs to be separated through a separator, so that the gas production efficiency can be reduced in the separation process. On the other hand, the gas lift drainage method needs to transmit medium pressure through the annulus, and the annulus pressure can cause periodic pressure change on the cement seal ring in the annulus, so that cracks are generated, and the risk of annulus sealing failure is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects, the invention provides an annular space side safety liquid drainage system of an underground gas storage, which is used for draining the bottom hole liquid gas through the annular space side, does not pass through an injection well column, does not need a multi-stage gas lift valve to be connected in series, does not influence the normal gas production of the injection well column in the liquid drainage process, does not cause annular space pressure change, and ensures the safety of annular space sealing.
The invention provides an annular space side safety drainage system of an underground gas storage, which comprises a pumping pipe column, an annular space sleeve arranged on the outer side of the pumping pipe column, a pneumatic pump station arranged on the ground and a drainage pipeline arranged on the ground, wherein the space between the annular space sleeve and the pumping pipe column is called an annular space, the bottom of the annular space is sealed through a packer, and the safety drainage system comprises:
the upper end of the air injection pipe is positioned above the ground and is communicated with the air outlet end of the pneumatic pump station; the lower parts of the gas injection pipe and the liquid discharge pipe extend into the upper part of the packer from the annular space;
The pulse liquid draining chamber is arranged above the packer, is positioned at the bottom of the annulus and is an annular chamber arranged at the outer side of the injection pipe column, and is communicated with the injection pipe through a one-way valve, wherein the conduction direction of the one-way valve is that the inner cavity of the injection pipe column points to the pulse liquid draining chamber;
The air-liquid mixing valve comprises an air chamber and a piston which is in sliding sealing fit with the air chamber in the air chamber, wherein the lower ends of the air injection pipe and the liquid discharge pipe are communicated with the inner cavity of the air chamber, the upper end face of the piston is in sealing fit with the lower ports of the air injection pipe and the liquid discharge pipe, a sealed air pressure bin is formed between the piston and the bottom of the air chamber, the piston and the upper part of the air chamber form an air-liquid mixing bin, the lower part of the side wall of the air-liquid mixing bin is provided with a water inlet, and when an air pump station presses and conveys air to the air injection pipe, the air pressure pushes the piston to move downwards to the water inlet, and at the moment, the air inlet communicates the air-liquid mixing bin with the pulse liquid discharge chamber.
Further optimizing this technical scheme, a gas injection pipe and the fluid-discharge tube coaxial setting of underground gas storage annular space side safety fluid-discharge system, the gas injection pipe is located the inside of fluid-discharge tube.
Further optimizing this technical scheme, an annular space internal circumference evenly distributed has the bundling pipe between the fluid-discharge tube of underground gas storage annular space side safety fluid-discharge system and the gas injection pipe, bundling pipe lower extreme to the lower port of fluid-discharge tube, upper end to the ground export of fluid-discharge tube.
According to the technical scheme, the A flow limiting valve is arranged at a part above the ground of the liquid discharge pipe of the annular side safety liquid discharge system of the underground gas storage, and the A flow limiting valve is used for limiting the flow rate of media in the liquid discharge pipe through the change of the opening degree and controlling the pressure of the gas-liquid mixing chamber.
According to the technical scheme, the flow limiting valve B is arranged at the part above the ground of the gas injection pipe of the annular side safety liquid discharge system of the underground gas storage, and is used for limiting the medium flow rate in the gas injection pipe through the change of the opening degree and controlling the gas-liquid flow rate ratio in the liquid discharge pipe.
Further optimizing this technical scheme, an underground gas storage annular space side safety drainage system's atmospheric pressure storehouse lateral wall is provided with stop device, stop device is used for limiting the piston in the gas chamber bottommost position.
Different from the traditional gas lift liquid drainage mode, the technical scheme is characterized in that the gas lift liquid drainage operation is isolated from the injection well column and the annulus by independently arranging the gas injection pipe, the liquid drainage pipe and the pulse liquid drainage chamber in the annulus, so that the normal gas production operation of the injection well column is not influenced.
Gas lift drainage principle for pulsed drainage chambers:
In the initial state, medium pressure is not generated in the gas injection pipe and the liquid discharge pipe, the piston of the gas-liquid mixing valve is in a closing state for the gas injection pipe and the liquid discharge pipe, the one-way valve is in a conducting state, bottom hole liquid enters the pulse liquid discharge chamber from the one-way valve, when liquid discharge operation is performed, a pneumatic pump station on the ground is started, under the pressure of compressed gas, the gas medium pushes down the piston to enter the gas-liquid mixing chamber, the pressure of the pneumatic chamber is increased and the volume is reduced, when the piston moves down to below the water inlet hole, the gas medium enters the pulse liquid discharge chamber, the one-way valve is closed under the pressure difference, and due to the difference of gas liquid density, the pulse liquid discharge chamber enters the gas-liquid mixing chamber to form bubble liquid, and the bubble liquid is discharged upwards through the liquid discharge pipe until the accumulated liquid in the pulse liquid discharge chamber is discharged completely. And finally, closing a pneumatic pump station on the ground, losing pressure of the air injection pipe, resetting the piston under the action of the pneumatic bin to close the air injection pipe and the liquid discharge pipe, reducing the pressure of the pulse liquid discharge chamber along with the piston in the closing process, opening the check valve under the pressure of the injection and extraction through the column, and once a bottom liquid accumulation is formed, entering the pulse liquid discharge chamber again, and discharging until the next gas lift liquid discharge operation. The whole liquid discharge process can not interfere the normal gas production of the injection well column, the accumulated liquid is independently discharged from the liquid discharge pipe, the accumulated liquid does not enter the gas transmission pipeline, and the burden of the gas-liquid separator in the ground gas transmission pipeline is not increased. Compared with the traditional gas lift liquid discharge, the multi-group gas lift valve is connected in series in the vertical direction of the column production well column, the cost is lower, no pressure medium exists in the annulus, and the safety risk of sealing failure is avoided.
Other technical effects of the present invention will be clearly expressed in the development of the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic illustration of a piston of the gas-liquid mixing valve moving back and forth;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid discharge pipe, a cluster pipe, and a gas injection pipe coaxially arranged.
In the figure, 1, a filling pipe column, 2, an annulus sleeve, 3, a pneumatic pump station, 4, a drainage pipeline, 5, an annulus, 6, a packer, 7, an air injection pipe, 8, a drainage pipe, 9, a pulse drainage chamber, 10, a one-way valve, 11, a gas-liquid mixing valve, 12, an air chamber, 13, a piston, 14, a pneumatic bin, 15, a gas-liquid mixing bin, 16, a water inlet hole, 17, a bundling pipe, 18, an A current limiting valve, 19, a B current limiting valve, 20, a limiting device, 21 and the ground.
Detailed Description
Example 1 as shown in fig. 1:
The utility model provides a safe flowing back system in underground gas storage annular space side, includes annotates the annular space sleeve pipe 2 that the adoption tubular column 1 was outside, is located subaerial pneumatic pump station 3, is located subaerial drainage pipeline 4 to annotate adoption tubular column 1, the space between annular space sleeve pipe 2 and the notes adoption tubular column 1 is called annular space 5, the bottom of annular space 5 realizes sealedly through packer 6, includes:
the upper end of the gas injection pipe 7 is positioned above the ground and is communicated with the gas outlet end of the pneumatic pump station 3, and the upper end of the liquid discharge pipe 8 is positioned above the ground and is communicated with the water inlet end of the water discharge pipeline 4;
The pulse liquid draining chamber 9 is arranged above the packer 6, is positioned at the bottom of the annulus 5 and is an annular chamber arranged at the outer side of the injection string 1, and the pulse liquid draining chamber 9 is communicated with the injection string through a one-way valve 10, wherein the conduction direction of the one-way valve 10 is that the inner cavity of the injection string 1 points to the pulse liquid draining chamber 9;
As shown in figure 2, a gas-liquid mixing valve 11 is arranged at the bottom of the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9, the gas-liquid mixing valve 11 comprises a gas chamber 12 and a piston 13 which is in sliding sealing fit with the gas chamber 12 in the gas chamber 12, the lower ends of the gas injection pipe 7 and the liquid discharge pipe 8 are communicated with the inner cavity of the gas chamber 12, the upper end face of the piston 13 is in sealing fit with the lower ports of the gas injection pipe 7 and the liquid discharge pipe 8, a sealed gas pressure bin 14 is formed between the piston 13 and the bottom of the gas chamber 12, a gas-liquid mixing bin 15 is formed between the piston 13 and the upper part of the gas chamber 12, a water inlet 16 is formed at the lower part of the side wall of the gas-liquid mixing bin 15, when a gas pump station 3 presses the gas injection pipe 7 for gas transmission, the gas pressure pushes the piston 13 to move downwards to the water inlet 16, and the water inlet 16 communicates the gas-liquid mixing bin 15 with the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9.
Because the bottom hole effusion enters the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9 from the one-way valve 10, when the effusion is discharged from the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9, the gas medium is filled in the pulse liquid discharge chamber, so that the position of the one-way valve 10 is communicated with the upper part of the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9, and the gas medium in the inner chamber of the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9 from the one-way valve 10 is beneficial to entering the injection well column from the one-way valve 10.
Since the bottom hole effusion is discharged from the gas-liquid mixing valve 11 into the liquid discharge pipe 8, and the gas medium also enters the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9 from the water inlet hole 16 of the gas-liquid mixing valve 11 during the effusion discharging process, the position of the gas-liquid mixing valve 11 should be set at the bottom of the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9.
When the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9 is filled with the accumulated liquid, the liquid cannot be compressed, so that the pressure of the ground air pressure pump station 3 to the air-liquid mixing chamber needs to be balanced by the air compression of the air pressure bin 14, and if the air pressure bin 14 is not arranged, the air pressure pump station 3 on the ground wants to press the air injection pipe 7, and the piston 13 cannot be pushed away.
The function of the water inlet hole 16 is not only that the accumulated liquid enters the gas-liquid mixing bin 15 from the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9, but also that the gas enters the pulse liquid discharge chamber 9 from the water inlet hole 16 due to the gas-liquid density difference.
Further optimizing this embodiment, a gas injection pipe 7 and the fluid-discharge tube 8 coaxial setting of underground gas storage annular space side safety fluid-discharge system, gas injection pipe 7 is located the inside of fluid-discharge tube 8. The gas injection pipe 7 and the liquid discharge pipe 8 are coaxially arranged, the liquid discharge pipe 8 containing bubble liquid can absorb vibration of the gas injection pipe 7 during liquid discharge, construction is more convenient when the liquid discharge pipe is distributed in the annular space 5, and the coaxial arrangement of the gas injection pipe 7 and the liquid discharge pipe 8 is also beneficial to balanced stress when the ports at the bottoms of the gas injection pipe and the liquid discharge pipe are sealed with the piston 13.
As shown in fig. 3, in a further optimized embodiment, a bundling pipe 17 is uniformly distributed in the annular space between a liquid discharge pipe 8 and a gas injection pipe 7 of the annular side safety liquid discharge system of the underground gas storage, and the lower end of the bundling pipe 17 is connected to the lower port of the liquid discharge pipe 8, and the upper end is connected to the ground outlet of the liquid discharge pipe 8.
The principle of gas lift is that pure accumulated water is converted into bubble mixed liquid, the liquid can flow back downwards along the pipe wall in the process of upwards discharging the bubble mixed liquid, and the larger the diameter of the pipe is, the smaller the surface ratio of the flowing accumulated liquid and gas is mixed, and the lower the efficiency of discharging the accumulated liquid is. The function of the bundling pipe 17 is to increase the backflow area in the effusion re-injection pipe 7, reduce the amount of downward backflow of effusion, and further improve the effusion discharge efficiency.
Further optimizing the embodiment, the part above the ground of the liquid discharge pipe 8 of the annular side safety liquid discharge system of the underground gas storage is provided with the A current limiting valve 18, and the A current limiting valve 18 limits the medium flow rate in the liquid discharge pipe 8 through the change of the opening degree and is used for controlling the pressure of the gas-liquid mixing chamber.
The flow-limiting valve 18 is used for controlling the medium flow rate in the liquid discharge pipe 8, so that the pressure of the gas-liquid mixing chamber can be controlled, under the condition that the pressure is conveyed by the fixed pneumatic pump station 3, the medium flow rate of the liquid discharge pipe 8 is larger, the pressure of the gas-liquid mixing chamber is smaller, the pressure of the liquid discharge pipe 8 is larger, the pressure of the gas-liquid mixing chamber needs to push the piston 13 to be below the position of the water inlet, and therefore the accumulated liquid can enter the gas-liquid mixing chamber to be discharged, and therefore the flow-limiting valve 18 is used for limiting the medium flow rate in the liquid discharge pipe 8, so that the pressure of the pneumatic pump station 3 can be reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.
In the embodiment, a B flow limiting valve 19 is arranged at a part above the ground of the gas injection pipe 7 of the annular side safety liquid discharge system of the underground gas storage, and the B flow limiting valve 19 limits the medium flow rate in the gas injection pipe 7 through the change of the opening degree and is used for controlling the gas-liquid flow rate ratio in the liquid discharge pipe 8.
The larger the flow of the gas, the larger the power of the pneumatic pump station 3, the higher the energy consumption, the smaller the relative density of the gas-liquid mixture in the liquid discharge pipe 8, the smaller the pressure of the gas-liquid mixture carried at the bottom of the liquid discharge pipe 8, and the smaller the risk of pipeline leakage and rupture, otherwise, the smaller the flow of the gas, the smaller the power of the pneumatic pump station 3, the smaller the energy consumption, the larger the relative density of the gas-liquid mixture in the liquid discharge pipe 8, and the larger the pressure of the gas-liquid mixture carried at the bottom of the liquid discharge pipe 8, and the larger the risk of pipeline leakage and rupture.
The combined action of the A limiting valve 18 and the B limiting valve 19 is beneficial to realizing the safety of pipelines, the liquid discharging efficiency and the balance of the power consumption of the pneumatic pump station 3.
Further optimizing the embodiment, the side wall of the air pressure bin 14 of the annular side safety liquid discharging system of the underground air storage is provided with a limiting device, and the limiting device is used for limiting the bottommost position of the piston 13 in the air chamber 12.
When the A limiting valve 18 fails and is blocked, the pressure of the air pressure bin 14 is increased, and the piston 13 can be prevented from being continuously moved downwards by adding the limiting device, so that the pressure bin is broken and damaged.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear are used in the embodiments of the present invention) are merely for explaining the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, and the like between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicators are changed accordingly.
Furthermore, the description of "first," "second," etc. in this disclosure is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.