CN118927463B

CN118927463B - A waste plastic crusher

Info

Publication number: CN118927463B
Application number: CN202411100734.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 方涛
Original assignee: Shexian Sifang Energy Recycling Co ltd
Current assignee: Shexian Sifang Energy Recycling Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-08-12
Filing date: 2024-08-12
Publication date: 2025-03-14
Anticipated expiration: 2044-08-12
Also published as: CN118927463A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of crushers and discloses a waste plastic crusher, which comprises a box body, crushing rollers and a driving structure, wherein two or more crushing rollers are symmetrically arranged in the box body in a rotating way, the driving structure is arranged at two ends of the crushing rollers and drives the crushing rollers to rotate, a cooling cavity and a steam cavity are coaxially arranged in the crushing rollers, the diameter of the cooling cavity is larger than that of the steam cavity, a filter ring which only allows water vapor to pass through is arranged between the cooling cavity and the steam cavity, pure water is introduced into the cooling cavity, a plurality of nozzles which are communicated with the steam cavity are also arranged on the surface of the crushing rollers, and a safety valve is arranged on the nozzles.

Description

Waste plastic pulverizer

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crushers, in particular to a waste plastic crusher.

Background

The plastic crusher is one kind of equipment for plastic recovering and regenerating, and is used mainly in crushing and crushing various waste plastic for subsequent treatment and reuse. With the wide application of plastic products in daily life and industrial production, plastic wastes are also produced in large quantities. In order to realize recycling of resources and reduce environmental pollution, a plastic pulverizer becomes an indispensable important device. The working principle of the plastic grinder is mainly that a motor drives a blade to rotate, so that plastic waste entering the machine is sheared, torn and extruded into small blocks or particles. Depending on the design and use of the shredder, plastic shredders can be classified into various types including shear type shredders, shredder and impact type shredders, etc. Each type of pulverizer has a unique structure and working mode, and is suitable for treating plastic waste materials of different types and shapes. The plastic pulverizer plays a vital role in the plastic recycling process. The plastic waste is crushed into small blocks or particles by the crusher, so that the difficulty and cost of subsequent treatment can be greatly reduced. For example, in the plastic granulation process, the crushed plastic particles are more easily melted and mixed, thereby improving the granulation efficiency and the product quality. In addition, the pulverizer can also be used for pretreatment of plastic waste materials, such as cleaning and dehydration, and provides good raw material conditions for the subsequent regeneration process.

However, in the conventional plastic pulverizer, a large amount of friction is generated between the plastic waste and the fixed blade or other parts inside the machine body due to the high-speed rotation of the blade during the long-time operation. Such friction is not only between the blade and the plastic, but also between mechanical bearings, gears, etc. These frictional forces are converted into thermal energy, causing the temperature inside the machine to rise. And different types of plastics have different thermoplastic reactions after being stressed in the crushing process. For example, some thermoplastics undergo localized melting when subjected to shear and friction forces. This melting process also releases heat, exacerbating the rise in temperature inside the pulverizer. Continued high temperatures subject critical components of the device (such as bearings, blades, and motors) to greater thermal stresses, causing accelerated aging and wear of these components. This not only reduces the service life of the device but also may increase the frequency of maintenance and replacement, thereby increasing the operating costs. At the same time, when the temperature inside the device is too high, the mechanical parts may expand, resulting in a smaller assembly gap and increased friction. This can make the operation of the device more difficult, reduce efficiency, and even cause mechanical failure, further affecting the normal operation of the device. And the plastic will begin to soften or even melt at high temperatures. The plastic melting phenomenon caused by high temperature can lead the size of broken plastic particles to be uneven, even a large number of melting blocks are generated, the quality and the effect of subsequent processing are affected, and the melted plastic can be adhered to the inside of a blade and a machine body to obstruct the normal breaking process. The adhered plastic not only affects the crushing effect, but also increases the cleaning difficulty of equipment and affects the production efficiency. And when the existing plastic pulverizer rotates at a high speed, a large amount of plastic dust can be generated, the dust can fly out from the feed inlet to influence the surrounding environment of equipment under the influence of the centrifugal force of the pulverizing roller, static electricity can be generated in the pulverizing process of plastic materials, the scattering of the plastic dust can be caused, and the plastic dust can be adsorbed in the equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a waste plastic pulverizer, which aims at the defects of the prior art, has the advantages of reducing heat generated by pulverizing plastic by high-speed rotation of a pulverizing roller, reducing dust generated in the process of pulverizing the plastic by equipment and reducing static electricity generated in the process of pulverizing the plastic, and solves the problems that the surface of the traditional plastic pulverizer can accumulate a large amount of heat to influence the service life of the equipment and the pulverizing quality of the plastic, and a large amount of plastic dust can be scattered to influence the surrounding environment because of static electricity generated in the process of pulverizing the plastic and part of the plastic dust is adsorbed in the equipment because of the high-speed rotation of the pulverizing roller in the process of pulverizing the plastic.

The invention provides a waste plastic pulverizer, which comprises a box body, pulverizing rollers and a driving structure, wherein the two or more pulverizing rollers are symmetrically and rotatably arranged in the box body, the driving structure is arranged at two ends of the pulverizing rollers and drives the pulverizing rollers to rotate, a cooling cavity and a steam cavity are coaxially arranged in the pulverizing rollers, the diameter of the cooling cavity is larger than that of the steam cavity, a filter ring which only allows water vapor to pass through is arranged between the cooling cavity and the steam cavity, pure water is introduced into the cooling cavity, a plurality of nozzles communicated with the steam cavity are also arranged on the surface of the pulverizing rollers, and a safety valve is arranged on the nozzles; after the surface of the crushing roller heats, heat is transferred to pure water in the cooling cavity and is evaporated into the steam cavity, and when the pressure in the steam cavity reaches a set value of a safety valve, steam is sprayed into the box body from the spray opening.

Preferably, two ends of the filter ring are fixedly connected with the crushing roller.

Preferably, sealing rings are rotatably arranged on two end faces of the crushing roller, a water injection pipe is arranged on the sealing rings, the water injection pipe is communicated with the cooling cavity, the sealing rings penetrate through the box body, and the sealing rings are rotatably connected with the box body.

Preferably, the distance and diameter between two or more pulverizing rolls are adjusted according to the different pulverizing sizes required for plastics.

Preferably, inclined plates are further arranged on two sides in the box body, a refrigerating plate is fixedly arranged in the inclined plates, and the surface temperature of the inclined plates and the temperature in the box body are reduced when the refrigerating plate works.

Preferably, a feeding hole is formed in the upper portion of the box body, a discharging hole is formed in the lower portion of the box body, and the section shapes of the feeding hole and the discharging hole are inverted trapezoids.

Preferably, the spouts are arranged in an array along the axial direction of the crushing roller.

Preferably, the surface of the crushing roller is toothed or spiral blade-shaped.

Compared with the prior art, the waste plastic pulverizer has the advantages that 1, the waste plastic pulverizer is provided with the following beneficial effects that through the cooperation of the pulverizing roller structure, the filtering ring structure, the cooling cavity structure and the steam cavity structure, compared with the traditional pulverizing roller which pulverizes plastic at a high speed for a long time, the surface temperature of the waste plastic pulverizer can be greatly increased, pure water in the cooling cavity can absorb heat and evaporate after the surface temperature of the pulverizing roller is increased, the pure water has higher specific heat capacity, a large amount of heat can be absorbed, the temperature is increased, the pure water begins to evaporate, water vapor is formed, the evaporation process needs to absorb a large amount of heat, the temperature of the surrounding environment, namely the surface temperature of the pulverizing roller, can be reduced through the endothermic evaporation of the pure water, the surface temperature of the pulverizing roller can be kept in a reasonable range, equipment damage caused by overheating is avoided, the aging and abrasion of equipment parts can be accelerated, the endothermic evaporation of the pure water can be effectively reduced, the service life of the equipment can be prolonged, the temperature of the equipment can be prevented from being influenced, the uniform quality of the pulverized plastic can be prevented from being adhered to the plastic after the plastic is pulverized, the plastic is ensured, or the plastic is stable and the quality of the plastic is ensured to be stably deformed due to the high temperature.

2. This abandonment plastics rubbing crusher, through smashing roller structure, the strain ring structure, cooling chamber structure, steam chamber structure, spout structure, the cooperation of relief valve structure is used, compare traditional technical structure can produce a large amount of plastics dust in smashing the in-process, and plastics crushing in-process still can produce static, and this abandonment plastics rubbing crusher is after smashing the inside steam chamber inside vapor of roller and increase gradually, when steam chamber inside pressure reaches the pressure that the relief valve set for, steam can be through the relief valve blowout from the spout position, and because smashing the roller and be in high-speed rotation, the spun steam can cover whole box inside, steam sprays after the box inside, can increase the vapor content of box inside, thereby improve the humidity of box inside, and the increase of humidity helps further absorbing and conducting heat, reduce the static that plastics produced and the scattering of plastics dust, maintain suitable operational environment and improve rubbing crusher efficiency and rubbing crusher life, simultaneously this kind of structure is the spontaneous regulation that improves humidity through utilizing the heat that produces in the crushing process, not only effectively reduced the temperature of smashing roller and plastics, still use the box to produce heat to adjust the humidity, the system is not required to be adjusted to be in the whole box, the system is not only can be maintained, the system is designed, the system is not is improved.

3. This abandonment plastics rubbing crusher uses through the cooperation of swash plate structure with refrigeration plate structure, compare the unable humidity in the regulation box of traditional technical structure and also can produce a large amount of plastics dust in discharge gate position, and this abandonment plastics rubbing crusher, when the temperature or humidity are too high in the box, refrigeration plate passes through operating mechanism, absorb the heat on swash plate surface fast and transfer away, thereby make the temperature on swash plate surface drop rapidly, this kind of refrigeration plate usually has efficient heat exchange capacity, can show the temperature on reduction swash plate surface in the short time, thereby make the box internal temperature drop rapidly, lower temperature can reduce the friction of equipment and material, thereby improve crushing efficiency, and through effectual temperature control, can lengthen rubbing crusher's life, reduce maintenance cost, and can condense into the drop of water at the swash plate surface after the steam in the box meets the swash plate, and discharge gate discharge from the swash plate, with the steam condensation drop of water and discharge gate, can effectively prevent the excessive accumulation of humidity to equipment and material, simultaneously, when the steam forms a liquid film at the surface at the water, the drop of water drop can form the drop of water drop, the dust can be further polluted at the end at the position of the dust, the dust is caught to the dust, the dust is discharged, the dust is further reduced, the dust is discharged at the end, the end is polluted at the end to the dust, the dust is discharged at the end, the drop is discharged to the dust.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a waste plastic pulverizer in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view showing the structure of the waste plastic pulverizer of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a side view showing the structure of the waste plastic pulverizer of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view showing the structure of the waste plastic pulverizer of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a structure A-A of the waste plastic pulverizer of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a structure B-B of the waste plastic pulverizer of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a partial structure a of the waste plastic pulverizer of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a partial structure B of the waste plastic pulverizer of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view showing a pulverizing roll structure of the waste plastic pulverizer of the present invention.

In the figure, the device comprises a 1-box body, a 2-feed inlet, a 3-discharge outlet, a 4-driving structure, 500-crushing rollers, 501-filter rings, 502-cooling cavities, 503-steam cavities, 510-nozzles, 511-safety valves, 520-sealing rings, 521-water injection pipes, 6-inclined plates and 7-refrigerating plates.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, fig. 8 and fig. 9, a waste plastic pulverizer comprises a case 1, pulverizing rollers 500 and a driving structure 4, wherein two or more pulverizing rollers 500 are symmetrically rotatably installed in the case 1, and a plurality of pulverizing rollers 500 are symmetrically installed to ensure that the pulverizer is uniformly stressed during working, so that unbalanced stress caused by a single pulverizing roller 500 is avoided, vibration and noise of equipment are reduced, and thus, the pulverizing efficiency is improved. Multiple pulverizing rolls 500 can simultaneously process more plastic, improving overall pulverizing capacity and efficiency. The driving structure 4 is arranged at two ends of the crushing roller 500 and drives the crushing roller 500 to rotate, and the driving structure 4 is arranged at two ends of the crushing roller 500 to ensure that the rotation of the crushing roller 500 is more stable and uniform and avoid the inclination and instability caused by single-end driving. The double-end driving can uniformly distribute transmission load, reduce single-point load, improve driving efficiency and prolong equipment life. The surface of the crushing roller 500 is in a tooth shape or a spiral blade shape, and the tooth shape or the spiral blade shape can increase the grabbing and cutting capabilities of plastics, so that the crushing is more thorough and efficient. The helical blades may guide the plastic along the surface of the pulverizing roll 500, reducing the likelihood of clogging and material accumulation, and improving the continuous working capacity of the pulverizer. The plastic to be crushed is arranged between the crushing rollers 500, and is placed between the two crushing rollers 500 rotating at high speed, so that strong mechanical force can be applied to crush the plastic, and the crushing efficiency and effect are improved. The crushing roller 500 is internally and coaxially provided with a cooling cavity 502 and a steam cavity 503, the diameter of the cooling cavity 502 is larger than that of the steam cavity 503, a filter ring 501 which only allows water vapor to pass through is arranged between the cooling cavity 502 and the steam cavity 503, the filter ring 501 is made of porous ceramic or hydrophobic polymer film or hydrophobic microporous filter screen or selectively permeable film, the filter ring 501 only allows water vapor to pass through, pure water in the cooling cavity 502 can be prevented from entering the steam cavity 503, and the purity of the steam is ensured. The design of the filter ring 501 can ensure that the water in the cooling cavity 502 is effectively evaporated, so that the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the cooling effect is better. Pure water is introduced into the cooling chamber 502, and a large amount of heat is generated by friction during the pulverization process. Plastics are heat sensitive materials and excessive temperatures can cause the plastics to soften, melt or produce bad odors and even damage the equipment. Pure water has a high specific heat capacity, can effectively absorb heat on the surface of the pulverizing roller 500, and absorbs a large amount of latent heat through evaporation, so that the temperature of the surface of the pulverizing roller 500 is reduced, and the pulverizing process is ensured to be performed in a proper temperature range. By controlling the temperature of the pulverizing roller 500, it is possible to prevent plastic from being deformed or adhered to the apparatus at a high temperature, ensuring uniformity and stable quality of the pulverized particles. The surface of the crushing roller 500 is also provided with a plurality of nozzles 510 communicated with the steam cavity 503, and steam inside the crushing roller 500 is sprayed out through the nozzles 510, so that the pressure inside the steam cavity 503 can be effectively released, and the humidity inside the box body 1 can be increased by utilizing the steam. The heat can be further absorbed and conducted by increasing the humidity, static electricity and dust scattering generated by plastics are reduced, and the crushing efficiency is improved. The jets 510 allow steam to be ejected and help control the temperature inside the pulverizing roll 500 and prevent the equipment from overheating. The design of the plurality of nozzles 510 ensures that steam can be uniformly distributed inside the whole case 1, and improves the uniformity of the humidity distribution inside the case 1. The spouts 510 are axially arranged along the pulverizing roller 500, and the spouts 510 arranged along the axial array can ensure that steam is uniformly sprayed into each region inside the box 1, thereby improving the uniformity of humidity inside the box 1 and ensuring that the whole pulverizing region has a proper humidity level. The spouts 510 arranged in an array can better utilize the rotational centrifugal force of the pulverizing roller 500 to make the sprayed steam more uniformly and efficiently spread into the whole casing 1. The spout 510 is provided with a safety valve 511, the main function of the safety valve 511 is to prevent the pressure in the steam chamber 503 from being too high, and ensure that the device operates in a safe working range. When the pressure in the steam cavity 503 reaches the value set by the safety valve 511, the safety valve 511 will automatically open to release steam, and after the surface of the crushing roller 500 heats, the pure water in the cooling cavity 502 absorbs heat and evaporates, so that the pure water has higher specific heat capacity and can absorb a large amount of heat, and the temperature rises. and the pure water is allowed to start evaporating to form water vapor. the evaporation process needs to absorb a great amount of latent heat of heat, which greatly reduces the temperature of the surrounding environment, i.e., the surface temperature of the pulverizing roller 500, reduces the temperature of the surface of the pulverizing roller 500 by the endothermic evaporation of pure water, and maintains the temperature within a reasonable range, thereby avoiding the damage to equipment caused by overheating, accelerating the aging and abrasion of equipment parts due to excessive temperature, while the endothermic evaporation of pure water can effectively reduce the temperature, thereby prolonging the service life of the equipment, and preventing the plastic from being locally overheated, avoiding melting by controlling the temperature of the pulverizing roller 500, thereby ensuring the pulverizing quality, avoiding the plastic from being deformed or adhered to the equipment due to high temperature, ensuring the uniformity of the particles after pulverization, and, The quality is stable. When the pressure in the steam cavity 503 inside the crushing roller 500 reaches the pressure set by the safety valve 511, steam is sprayed out from the position of the nozzle 510 through the safety valve 511, and the sprayed steam covers the whole inside of the box 1 because the crushing roller 500 rotates at a high speed, after the steam is sprayed into the box 1, the steam content in the box 1 can be increased, thereby improving the humidity in the box 1, the increase of the humidity is helpful for further absorbing and conducting heat, the static electricity generated by plastics and the scattering of plastic dust are reduced, the proper working environment is maintained, the efficiency of the crusher is improved, the service life of the crusher is prolonged, meanwhile, the structure spontaneously improves the humidity in the box 1, the temperature of the crushing roller 500 and the plastic is effectively reduced by utilizing the heat generated in the crushing process, and the humidity in the box 1 is regulated by utilizing the heat generated by the crushing roller and the heat.

Referring to fig. 6 and 8, the filter ring 501 is fixedly connected to the pulverizing roller 500 at both ends, and the filter ring 501 has a main function of isolating the cooling chamber 502 from the steam chamber 503 but allowing water vapor to pass through. This design ensures that pure water in the cooling chamber 502 does not directly enter the steam chamber 503, but only allows water vapor to pass through, thereby achieving a definite division of cooling and steam generation and avoiding mixing. The filter ring 501 is fixedly connected to the pulverizing roller 500, so that the stability of the overall structure can be improved, loosening or displacement can be prevented when the pulverizing roller 500 rotates at a high speed, and long-term stable working performance can be ensured. The pulverizing roller 500 is rotatably provided with sealing rings 520 on both end surfaces, and the sealing rings 520 are mainly used to prevent pure water or generated water vapor in the cooling chamber 502 from leaking to the external environment, ensuring the sealing performance and working efficiency inside the system. The sealing rings 520 may protect the inner and outer structures of the pulverizing roller 500 from contamination or damage of the external environment, improving durability and service life of the apparatus. The sealing ring 520 is provided with a water injection pipe 521, the water injection pipe 521 is communicated with the cooling cavity 502, and the water injection pipe 521 is connected to the cooling cavity 502, so that pure water can be continuously supplied to the cooling cavity 502, and enough pure water is ensured to absorb heat and evaporate in the cooling cavity 502 all the time in the long-time working process. Pure water in the cooling cavity 502 can be timely supplemented through the water injection pipe 521, and the continuity and the high efficiency of the cooling function are guaranteed, so that the temperature of the crushing roller 500 is effectively controlled, and the equipment damage or the crushing quality problem caused by overheating is avoided. The sealing ring 520 penetrates through the box body 1, the sealing ring 520 is rotationally connected with the box body 1, and when the crushing roller 500 rotates at a high speed, dynamic sealing can be realized through the rotational connection between the sealing ring 520 and the box body 1, so that sealing failure caused by vibration or displacement generated by rotation is avoided. Because the sealing ring 520 is rotationally connected with the crushing roller 500, the rotation of the crushing roller 500 does not affect the stability of the sealing ring 520, and the water injection pipe 521 can be ensured to fill the cooling cavity 502 at a fixed position. When the pulverizing roller 500 rotates at a high speed, the rotation of the pulverizing roller 500 does not affect the seal ring because of the rotational connection between the seal ring and the pulverizing roller 500, so that the water injection pipe 521 can fill the cooling chamber 502 with water at a fixed position. By the design of the water injection pipe 521 at the fixed position, a complex rotary water supply system is avoided, the structure of the equipment is simplified, and the failure rate and the maintenance cost are reduced. The design of the water injection pipe 521 at the fixed position makes the cooling management more efficient, and can control the water quantity in the cooling cavity 502 in real time and accurately, thereby effectively controlling the temperature of the surface of the crushing roller 500 and ensuring the continuity and stability of the crushing process.

Referring to fig. 4 and 2, the distance and diameter between two or more pulverizing rolls 500 are adjusted according to the different pulverizing sizes required for plastics. The variety and pulverizing requirements of plastics are diverse. By adjusting the distance and diameter between the pulverizing rollers 500, different types and sizes of plastics can be accommodated, thereby achieving an optimal pulverizing effect. The size of the plastic particles after crushing can be precisely controlled by adjusting the distance and the diameter between the crushing rollers 500, so that the requirements of different application scenes are met. Different plastic materials have different requirements on crushing force and crushing conditions. By adjusting the parameters of the pulverizing roll 500, the pulverizing efficiency can be optimized, and the productivity of the apparatus can be improved. The crushing requirements of different plastics are met, equipment is prevented from running under unsuitable conditions, abrasion and damage are reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.

Referring to fig. 5, inclined plates 6 are further disposed on two sides in the case 1, a refrigeration plate 7 is fixedly disposed in the inclined plates 6, the surface temperature of the inclined plates 6 and the temperature in the case 1 are reduced when the refrigeration plate 7 works, and the temperature is remarkably increased due to friction and mechanical force in the crushing process. The refrigerating plate 7 in the inclined plate 6 can quickly reduce the temperature in the box body 1 and prevent the equipment from overheating. Plastic materials are easily melted and deformed at high temperature, affecting the crushing quality. The refrigerating plate 7 effectively reduces the temperature in the box body 1 and keeps the plastic in a stable state. In a high temperature environment, water vapor is likely to accumulate in the case 1, and humidity is increased. The temperature of the cooling plate 7 is lowered to condense water vapor on the surface of the sloping plate 6 to form water droplets, which are discharged through the sloping plate 6, thereby preventing excessive humidity from accumulating. The condensed water drops form a liquid film, so that fine plastic dust particles can be captured and adhered, dust pollution is reduced, and working environment is improved. The box 1 top is provided with feed inlet 2, and box 1 below is provided with discharge gate 3, and feed inlet 2 and discharge gate 3 cross-sectional shape all are trapezoidal. The design of the upper feed inlet 2 and the lower discharge outlet 3 utilizes the action of gravity, so that the material can be conveniently fed and discharged, the manual intervention is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. The inverted trapezoid feed inlet 2 and discharge outlet 3 can prevent materials from piling up and blocking in the process of feeding and discharging, and ensure smooth flow of the materials.

The working principle is that in the working process of the waste plastic grinder, plastic to be ground is firstly put in from the feed inlet 2. The plastic falls between the pulverizing rollers 500 rotating at a high speed to be pulverized, and when the plastic enters between the pulverizing rollers 500 rotating at a high speed, the pulverizing rollers 500 apply mechanical force to the plastic to pulverize it. During this process, the plastic may undergo severe friction with the surface of the pulverizing roll 500, and the heat generated by the friction may cause a temperature increase. And plastics are generally heat-sensitive materials, when subjected to mechanical forces, the internal molecular chains will move and deform, and intermolecular friction will be converted into thermal energy. In addition, plastics have poor thermal conductivity, and heat is not easily dissipated, resulting in rapid local temperature rise. After the temperature is increased, firstly, the heat is transferred to the crushing roller 500 to increase the surface temperature, and when the surface temperature of the crushing roller 500 is increased, pure water in a cooling cavity 502 attached to the inside of the crushing roller 500 is heated, the pure water absorbs the heat on the surface of the crushing roller 500 to reduce the surface temperature of the crushing roller 500, pure water is evaporated to form water vapor after absorbing a certain amount of heat and enters the steam cavity 503 through the filter ring 501, when the water vapor in the steam cavity 503 gradually increases, the pressure in the steam cavity 503 gradually increases, when the pressure in the steam cavity 503 reaches the pressure set by the safety valve 511, steam is sprayed out of the nozzle 510 through the safety valve 511, and because the crushing roller 500 rotates at a high speed, strong centrifugal force is generated when the crushing roller 500 rotates at a high speed, the centrifugal force can promote the steam to diffuse outwards from the nozzle 510, and vortex is formed around the crushing roller 500 rotating at a high speed, the vortex can help the steam to diffuse quickly in the inside of the box 1, so that the steam can cover each corner of the box 1, and the humidity in the box 1 is improved. When the temperature or humidity in the tank 1 is too high, the temperature of the surface of the inclined plate 6 can be greatly reduced by starting the refrigeration plate 7 in the inclined plate 6, so that the temperature in the tank 1 is rapidly reduced, and when the steam in the tank 1 encounters the inclined plate 6, the steam is condensed into water drops on the surface of the inclined plate 6 and is discharged from the discharge port 3 along the inclined plate 6.

In the above operation, when the surface temperature of the pulverizing roller 500 increases, pure water in the cooling chamber 502 absorbs heat and evaporates, and the pure water has a high specific heat capacity and can absorb a large amount of heat, resulting in an increase in temperature. And the pure water is allowed to start evaporating to form water vapor. The evaporation process needs to absorb a large amount of latent heat of heat, which can greatly reduce the temperature of the surrounding environment, namely the surface temperature of the crushing roller 500, the temperature of the surface of the crushing roller 500 can be reduced through the endothermic evaporation of pure water, and the temperature is kept in a reasonable range, so that equipment damage caused by overheating is avoided, the ageing and abrasion of equipment parts can be accelerated due to overhigh temperature, the endothermic evaporation of pure water can effectively reduce the temperature, thereby prolonging the service life of the equipment, and the temperature of the crushing roller 500 can be controlled to prevent the plastic from being locally overheated, avoid melting, thereby ensuring the crushing quality, avoiding the plastic from deforming or adhering on the equipment due to high temperature, and ensuring the uniformity and stable quality of crushed particles.

When the pressure in the steam cavity 503 inside the crushing roller 500 reaches the pressure set by the safety valve 511, steam is sprayed out from the position of the nozzle 510 through the safety valve 511, and the sprayed steam covers the whole inside of the box 1 because the crushing roller 500 rotates at a high speed, after the steam is sprayed into the box 1, the steam content in the box 1 can be increased, thereby improving the humidity in the box 1, the increase of the humidity is helpful for further absorbing and conducting heat, the static electricity generated by plastics and the scattering of plastic dust are reduced, the proper working environment is maintained, the efficiency of the crusher is improved, the service life of the crusher is prolonged, meanwhile, the structure spontaneously improves the humidity in the box 1, the temperature of the crushing roller 500 and the plastic is effectively reduced by utilizing the heat generated in the crushing process, and the humidity in the box 1 is regulated by utilizing the heat generated by the crushing roller and the heat.

When the temperature or humidity in the box body 1 is too high, the refrigeration plate 7 rapidly absorbs and transfers heat on the surface of the inclined plate 6 through a working mechanism, so that the temperature on the surface of the inclined plate 6 is rapidly reduced, the refrigeration plate 7 generally has high-efficiency heat exchange capacity, the temperature on the surface of the inclined plate 6 can be obviously reduced in a short time, the temperature in the box body 1 is rapidly reduced, friction between equipment and materials can be reduced at a lower temperature, so that the crushing efficiency is improved, the service life of the crusher can be prolonged through effective temperature control, the maintenance cost is reduced, and steam in the box body 1 can be condensed into water drops on the surface of the inclined plate 6 after encountering the inclined plate 6 and is discharged from the discharge port 3 along the inclined plate 6, so that the steam is condensed into the water drops and discharged, excessive accumulation of the humidity in the box body 1 can be effectively prevented, and adverse effects of the excessive humidity on the equipment and the materials can be avoided. Meanwhile, when the steam condenses into water drops on the surface of the inclined plate 6, a liquid film is formed on the surface of the water drops, and the liquid film can effectively catch and adhere fine plastic dust particles. The water drops adhered with the plastic dust can slide downwards along the inclined plate 6 under the action of gravity and finally are discharged from the discharge hole 3, so that the plastic dust at the position of the discharge hole 3 of the equipment is further reduced, dust pollution is reduced, and the air quality of the working environment is improved.

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A waste plastic pulverizer, comprising a housing (1), a pulverizing roller (500), and a driving structure (4), wherein two or more pulverizing rollers (500) are symmetrically mounted in the housing (1) for rotation, and the driving structure (4) is arranged at both ends of the pulverizing roller (500) and drives the pulverizing roller (500) to rotate, characterized in that a cooling chamber (502) and a steam chamber (503) are coaxially provided in the pulverizing roller (500), the diameter of the cooling chamber (502) is larger than the diameter of the steam chamber (503), and a filter ring (501) that only allows water vapor to pass through is arranged between the cooling chamber (502) and the steam chamber (503), pure water is introduced into the cooling chamber (502), and the pulverizing roller (500) is provided with a filter ring (501) that allows only water vapor to pass through. A plurality of nozzles (510) connected to the steam chamber (503) are also provided on the surface of the crushing roller (500), and a safety valve (511) is provided on the nozzle (510); after the surface of the crushing roller (500) is heated, the heat is transferred to the pure water in the cooling chamber (502) and evaporated into the steam chamber (503); when the pressure in the steam chamber (503) reaches the set value of the safety valve (511), steam is sprayed from the nozzle (510) into the box body (1); inclined plates (6) are also provided on both sides of the box body (1), and a refrigeration plate (7) is fixedly provided in the inclined plate (6); when the refrigeration plate (7) is in operation, the surface temperature of the inclined plate (6) and the temperature in the box body (1) are reduced.

2. A waste plastic pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: both ends of the filter ring (501) are fixedly connected to the pulverizing roller (500).

3. A waste plastic pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: sealing rings (520) are rotatably provided on both end surfaces of the pulverizing roller (500), a water injection pipe (521) is provided on the sealing ring (520), the water injection pipe (521) is connected to the cooling chamber (502), the sealing ring (520) passes through the box body (1), and the sealing ring (520) is rotatably connected to the box body (1).

4. A waste plastic pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance and diameter between two or more pulverizing rollers (500) are adjusted according to the different pulverizing sizes required for the plastics.

5. A waste plastic pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: a feed port (2) is provided above the box body (1), and a discharge port (3) is provided below the box body (1), and the cross-sectional shapes of the feed port (2) and the discharge port (3) are both inverted trapezoidal.

6. A waste plastic pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzles (510) are arranged in an array along the axial direction of the pulverizing roller (500).

7. A waste plastic pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the pulverizing roller (500) is tooth-shaped or spiral blade-shaped.