CN118926501A - Automatic pouring model and automatic pouring method for sizing nozzle of continuous casting machine - Google Patents
Automatic pouring model and automatic pouring method for sizing nozzle of continuous casting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN118926501A CN118926501A CN202411100110.5A CN202411100110A CN118926501A CN 118926501 A CN118926501 A CN 118926501A CN 202411100110 A CN202411100110 A CN 202411100110A CN 118926501 A CN118926501 A CN 118926501A
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- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 127
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000352333 Amegilla alpha Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009851 ferrous metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种连铸机定径水口的自动开浇模型，包括以下步骤：S1)根据定径水口开浇工艺特点，确定开浇的边界参数：起步拉速、平衡拉速以及至平衡有限距离，得到开浇至液位平衡的加速度；S2)确定开浇时间、液面位置与加速度的对应关系，进而得到开浇第n秒的位移增量，直至距离目标液位位移增量为0时，即在到达目标液位时，开浇拉速与浇注钢水量相等，实现浇注液面平衡。本申请提供的自动开浇模型，将定径水口自动开浇抽象为追赶模型，建立相应的追赶二次方程开浇曲线模型，建立时序与液位的对应关系，在有限的时间和空间内，达到液面和拉速的匹配，实现钢水进出量平衡。The present invention provides an automatic pouring model for a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine, comprising the following steps: S1) According to the pouring process characteristics of the sizing nozzle, the boundary parameters of the pouring are determined: the starting pulling speed, the equilibrium pulling speed and the finite distance to equilibrium, and the acceleration from pouring to liquid level equilibrium is obtained; S2) The corresponding relationship between the pouring time, the liquid surface position and the acceleration is determined, and then the displacement increment at the nth second of the pouring is obtained, until the displacement increment from the target liquid level is 0, that is, when the target liquid level is reached, the pouring pulling speed is equal to the amount of molten steel poured, and the pouring liquid level is balanced. The automatic pouring model provided in the present application abstracts the automatic pouring of the sizing nozzle into a catching-up model, establishes a corresponding catching-up quadratic equation pouring curve model, establishes the corresponding relationship between the timing and the liquid level, and achieves the matching of the liquid level and the pulling speed within a limited time and space, and realizes the balance of the molten steel inflow and outflow.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to an automatic casting model and an automatic casting method for a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine.
Background
The pouring of the sizing nozzle is a mode of pouring a tundish of a continuous casting machine, and is characterized in that the molten steel quantity injected into a crystallizer of the continuous casting machine is a variable, and the variable quantity of the molten steel quantity is required to be balanced by the pulling speed, so that the purpose of stable liquid level pouring is achieved.
The two variables of the molten steel quantity injected into the crystallizer when the fixed-diameter water gap is started and the molten steel quantity (pulling speed) pulled out by the starting pouring are not simple and answer superposition, and the automatic control is particularly difficult to realize. When the metering nozzle is manually started, the labor intensity of staff is high, the groove is required to be swung for many times to block molten steel pouring in order to achieve stable liquid level, potential safety hazards of personnel scalding are caused, and the production cost is increased. Although automatic casting is also available, the improper setting of the casting liquid level curve can lead to severe fluctuation of casting liquid level and drawing speed, and the outstanding appearance is that the drawing speed fluctuation is large, the fluctuation period is long, thereby affecting the smooth running of casting, even leading to accidents such as casting interruption. Therefore, how to realize stable and reliable automatic casting of the sizing water gap becomes an important problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the technical problem of providing an automatic casting model of a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which can achieve the matching of casting liquid level and drawing speed, realize the balance of molten steel in and out and ensure stable liquid level.
In view of the above, the application provides an automatic casting mold for a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine, comprising the following steps:
S1) determining casting boundary parameters according to the casting process characteristics of the sizing nozzle: starting pulling speed, balancing pulling speed and balancing a limited distance to obtain acceleration from pouring to liquid level balancing;
S2) determining the corresponding relation among the casting time, the liquid level position and the acceleration, and further obtaining the displacement increment of the nth second of casting, wherein when the displacement increment is 0, the casting liquid level is balanced.
Preferably, taking 160 x 160 small square billets as an example, the diameter of a casting start sliding block is 15-16 mm, the distance between the dummy ingot head and the upper edge of a crystallizer is 600-800 mm, the length of a compact cold charge is 200-230 mm, and the actual seedling emergence time is more than 12s.
Preferably, taking a blank shape of a continuous casting machine as a plate blank or a rectangular blank as an example, wherein the starting pulling speed is 0.2-0.4 mm/min; taking a billet shape of a continuous casting machine as an example, wherein the starting pulling speed is 0.6-0.7 mm/min.
Preferably, the distance to equilibrium is from 100 to 150mm.
Preferably, the equilibrium pull rate is 1.5-2.0 m/min.
Preferably, the equilibrium pull rate is 1.8m/min.
Preferably, the relation of the acceleration from casting to liquid level balance is specifically: v t 2-V0 2＝2aS,V0 = 0.
Preferably, in step S2), the correspondence relationship is: t=v t/a,Sn＝Vt*tn-(V0*tn+1/2atn 2); the displacement increment relation is as follows: deltaS n＝Sn-Sn-1.
The application also provides an automatic casting method of the sizing nozzle of the continuous casting machine, which comprises the following steps:
And (3) automatically casting the sizing water gap by using the automatic casting model.
The application provides an automatic casting model of a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which firstly determines casting boundary parameters according to casting process characteristics of the sizing nozzle, so as to obtain casting acceleration of molten steel from casting to liquid level balance, and further determines corresponding relation of casting liquid level time, liquid level position and acceleration, so as to obtain displacement increment of nth second of casting, and when the displacement increment is 0, the liquid level balance is cast. In order to realize stable and reliable automatic casting of the sizing water gap of the continuous casting machine, the application abstracts the automatic casting process of the sizing water gap into a catch-up model, establishes a corresponding catch-up casting curve model, namely, the corresponding relation between time and liquid level position, achieves the matching of liquid level and pull speed in limited time and space, and realizes the balance of molten steel inlet and outlet. Furthermore, in the process of determining the automatic casting model, the seedling emergence time is considered in the process of determining the automatic casting parameters, and the sufficient seedling emergence time is ensured by combining the actual casting condition of the sizing water gap. The automatic casting model of the sizing nozzle provided by the application can quickly realize the matching of the liquid level and the drawing speed, reduce the fluctuation of the liquid level and the drawing speed, also take account of the seedling emergence time of automatic casting, and ensure the metallurgical requirement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the liquid level variation corresponding to an automatic casting model according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure corresponding to the automatic casting model of the invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the invention are described below in conjunction with the examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are merely intended to illustrate further features and advantages of the invention, and are not limiting of the claims of the invention.
In view of the requirement of stable and reliable automatic pouring of a sizing nozzle in the prior art, the application provides an automatic pouring model of the sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which abstracts automatic pouring of the sizing nozzle into a catch-up model, establishes a corresponding catch-up quadratic equation pouring curve model, establishes a corresponding relation between time sequence and liquid level, achieves matching of the liquid level and pulling speed in limited time and space, and realizes balance of molten steel inlet and outlet; the automatic casting is a metallurgical process in nature, and the metallurgical requirement of casting starting is met, the most important of the casting starting is the seedling emergence time, and important consideration is given to the automatic casting model and the automatic casting model is required to be combined into the model; and the vibration of the secondary cooling water and the crystallizer is completely started by an automatic casting machine, so that the automatic starting without manual intervention is truly realized. Specifically, the embodiment of the application discloses an automatic casting model of a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which comprises the following steps:
S1) determining casting boundary parameters according to the casting process characteristics of the sizing nozzle: starting pulling speed, balancing pulling speed and balancing a limited distance to obtain acceleration from pouring to liquid level balancing;
s2) determining the corresponding relation of the rising time of the casting liquid level, the liquid level position and the acceleration, and further obtaining the displacement increment of the nth second of casting, wherein the casting liquid level is balanced when the displacement increment is 0.
The automatic casting model of the sizing nozzle of the continuous casting machine is an important means for establishing automatic casting, and is characterized in that the liquid level balance and stability are realized within a limited distance, and the matching of the pulling speed and the casting speed is achieved.
Aiming at the characteristic of the metering nozzle casting process, the applicant firstly starts key operation and generalizes the key points of the starting operation; the method is characterized in that the problem of complex casting of the sizing nozzle is simplified, the method is determined as a catch-up process from the start of casting to the balance of the liquid level, a catch-up quadratic equation casting curve model is built according to the process, and the corresponding relation between the time sequence and the liquid level is built.
Firstly, determining casting boundary parameters according to the casting process characteristics of the sizing nozzle: starting pull speed V 0 =0, balanced pull speed V t and balanced limited distance S, in order to ensure balanced transition of pull speed, setting the pull speed to be evenly accelerated in the process from 0 to V t, and setting the acceleration to be a, wherein the acceleration is within the balanced limited distance S, and the formula is satisfied: v t 2-V0 2 = 2aS, wherein S, V 0、Vt is known, whereby the acceleration a is obtained from the start of the pouring to the level balance. The starting acceleration a is related to the blank shape of the continuous casting machine; for example, the equilibrium pull speed V t (i.e. normal pouring speed) of a large-section casting blank such aS a slab, a rectangular blank, etc. is relatively low, and under the condition that the equilibrium distance S is constant, aS known by V t 2-V0 2 =2as, the acceleration a is also smaller; the section of the small square billet is small, the balanced pulling speed V t is higher, and the corresponding starting acceleration a is also higher. The starting acceleration a can be specifically determined according to the shape, the operation habit and the equipment state of the continuous casting blank, and the acceleration a is directly related to the balanced pulling speed V t and the balanced distance S.
In the determined casting parameters, a critical boundary condition is that the matching of the liquid level and the drawing speed is achieved in a limited space (within the effective detection distance of the liquid level of the crystallizer) in a short time, so that the balance of the molten steel inlet and outlet is realized. Thus, under the setting of the matched casting parameters, the starting and accelerating are preferably finished within 7-8 s, more preferably within 8s, namely the catch-up time is preferably 8s, and then the normal casting mode is started. The catch-up time is related to the balanced pull speed V t and the acceleration a; ① Balance pull speed V t and aperture of selected casting slide block (sizing nozzle)Related to the blank section M, the slide blockThe larger the diameter is, the larger the flow rate of molten steel is; the larger the blank section is, the lower the pulling speed is,The balance pulling speed is 1.5-2.0 m/min, and in a specific embodiment, the billet casting balance pulling speed is 1.8m/min; ② Acceleration a is related to S, V 0、Vt, a.alpha.V t/S; the larger the pouring speed is, the larger the acceleration a is, and the larger the effective liquid level detection distance S is, the smaller the acceleration a is. The catch-up time is determined according to the technological parameters of the continuous casting machine and the liquid level detection distance. The effective detection distance S of the liquid level is typically 100 to 150mm, in a specific embodiment s=120 mm.
In the process of determining the parameters, a molten steel filling space is reserved, and the catch-up model is combined with metallurgical requirements. The automatic casting is a metallurgical process and also meets the metallurgical requirement of starting. The most important of the starting is the seedling emergence time, which can be understood as the effective time of complete static cooling of the primary green shell, is an important parameter for ensuring the normal starting, needs to be considered in the automatic starting process scheme, namely the catch-up model is combined with the seedling emergence time, and the related parameters in the catch-up model are determined according to the seedling emergence time. Generally, the larger the cross section of a casting blank, the longer the emergence time (solidification time). Taking a small square billet as an example, the section is smaller, the casting practice of a sizing water gap is combined, the measure of cooling by acceleration is adopted, and relevant parameters are formulated according to the seedling emergence time of more than 10 seconds.
Described by a schematic diagram of FIG. 2, a flow rate of molten steelThe casting pulling speed V t is predicted to be 1.8m/min, and the length of a casting blank corresponding to 10s is 300mm; the space of 350mm is reserved before starting and pulling speed triggering in the crystallizer, so that the requirement of seedling emergence time can be met. To meet this size, the dummy bar head is inserted into the mould 100mm and the cold charge length is 200-230 mm.
Taking 160 x 160 small square billets as an example on the basis of the description of the seedling emergence time, selecting a casting starting slide block as a mold with the diameter of 15-16 mm, enabling a dummy bar head to be 600-800 mm away from an upper opening of a crystallizer, using a compact cold material with the length of 200-230 mm, and enabling the actual seedling emergence time to be more than 12 seconds; specifically, the casting slide block is selected to be 15mm in diameter, the dummy bar head is 700mm away from the upper opening of the crystallizer, and a compact cold material with the length of 230mm is used. In the process, vibration of the secondary cooling water and the crystallizer is completely started by an automatic casting machine, so that automatic starting without manual intervention is truly realized.
Therefore, the emergence time and the model built by the automatic casting method are in parallel connection. To automatically start casting, firstly enough seedling emergence time is needed to ensure that a casting blank is solidified into a blank shell with enough thickness, and secondly, a model is used to quickly realize the matching of the liquid level and the drawing speed, so that the fluctuation of the liquid level and the drawing speed is reduced. The application takes into account the metallurgical requirement (seedling time) of automatic casting, establishes a time sequence-liquid level model of automatic casting, realizes quick automatic casting and effectively controls the fluctuation of liquid level and pull speed.
On the basis, the application further determines the corresponding relation among the casting time, the liquid level position and the acceleration, and further obtains the displacement increment of the nth second of casting, and when the displacement increment is 0, the casting liquid level is balanced. In the process, the corresponding relation is ：t＝Vt/a,Sn＝Vt*tn-(V0*tn+1/2atn 2),Sn, the liquid level height of the nth second is represented, and t n is the corresponding nth second; the displacement increment relation is as follows: deltaS n＝Sn-Sn-1.
The application also provides an automatic casting method of the sizing water gap of the continuous casting machine, which utilizes the model to automatically cast the sizing water gap.
According to the automatic casting model, in the automatic casting of the sizing water gap of the continuous casting machine, parameters such as starting pulling speed, balanced molten steel amount and the like are set according to the technological characteristics of the sizing water gap of the continuous casting machine, and the casting acceleration of molten steel in the automatic casting process can be obtained on the basis.
And (3) monitoring data of the casting time and the liquid level position in the casting process, and sequentially obtaining displacement increment of 1S, 2S and 3S on the basis of the model until the displacement increment of the liquid level is 0 from the target liquid level, namely when the target liquid level S=120 mm is reached, the casting speed reaches the casting speed V t =1.8m/min, and at the moment, the casting liquid level balance is realized, namely the casting operation is finished, and the normal casting mode is started.
The automatic casting model for the sizing gate of the continuous casting machine solves the problems of large fluctuation of the pulling speed, long fluctuation period, unstable liquid level, slow starting process and the like common in automatic casting of the sizing gate in China, and has extremely high starting success rate; according to the above description, the automatic casting model provided by the application is a reliable scheme, can be universally applicable to automatic starting of a sizing nozzle, can determine reasonable technological parameters according to different continuous casting machine types, and has the characteristics of simplicity, high efficiency, high reliability and universal applicability.
In order to further understand the present invention, the following embodiments are used to describe the automatic casting model of the sizing nozzle of the continuous casting machine in detail, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments.
Examples
1) Presetting the aperture of a fixed diameter nozzle and reserving a molten steel filling space
Setting related parameters according to the seedling emergence time of more than 10s by combining the actual casting of the sizing water gap; the casting slide block is selected to be 15mm in diameter, the dummy bar head is 700mm away from the upper opening of the crystallizer, dense cold material with the length of 230mm is used, and the actual seedling emergence time is more than 12 s; vibration of the secondary cooling water and the crystallizer is completely started by an automatic casting machine, so that automatic starting without manual intervention is truly realized;
2) Setting a catch-up target pulling speed V t =1.8m/min=0.03 m/S, starting pulling speed V 0 =0 m/min, and calculating acceleration a= 0.00375m/S 2 according to a catch-up model V t 2-V0 2 =2as, wherein an effective detection distance (catch-up distance) s=120 mm=0.12 m; calculating the target catch-up time t=8s of the acceleration according to the relation t=V t/a of the uniform acceleration and the pull-up speed; calculating the liquid level positions of T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7 and T8 at intervals of 1s from the triggering automatic casting moment T0 by using a corresponding relation Sn＝Vt*tn-(V0*tn+1/2atn 2),△Sn＝Sn-Sn-1, between time and the liquid level position until the 8s liquid level reaches 120mm and the pulling speed reaches 1.8m/min, namely, matching of a casting curve and the actual liquid level is realized, and balancing in and out of molten steel and stabilizing the liquid level are realized in the shortest time;
according to the above parameter settings, table 1 is a time sequence-liquid level correspondence data table based on a catch-up model according to the present invention, and fig. 1 is a corresponding data graph;
TABLE 1 time sequence-liquid level correspondence data table for casting pursuing model
The automatic pouring method for the sizing gate of the continuous casting machine solves the problems of high pulling speed fluctuation, long fluctuation period, unstable liquid level, slow starting process and the like common in automatic casting of the sizing gate in China, and has extremely high starting success rate.
The above description of the embodiments is only for aiding in the understanding of the method of the present invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic casting model for a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which comprises the following steps:
S1) determining casting boundary parameters according to the casting process characteristics of the sizing nozzle: starting pulling speed, balancing pulling speed and balancing a limited distance to obtain acceleration from pouring to liquid level balancing;
S2) determining the corresponding relation among the casting time, the liquid level position and the acceleration, and further obtaining the displacement increment of the nth second of casting, wherein when the displacement increment is 0, the casting liquid level is balanced.
2. The automatic casting model according to claim 1, wherein the time to emergence is > 10s and the time to casting to level balance is 7-8 s.
3. The automatic casting mold according to claim 1, wherein, taking 160 x 160 small square billets as an example, the diameter of the casting slide block is 15-16 mm, the distance between the dummy ingot head and the upper edge of the crystallizer is 600-800 mm, the length of the compact cold charge is 200-230 mm, and the actual seedling emergence time is more than 12s.
4. The automatic casting mold according to claim 1, wherein the starting pull rate is 0.2 to 0.4mm/min, taking a blank shape of a continuous casting machine as a slab or a rectangular blank as an example; taking a billet shape of a continuous casting machine as an example, wherein the starting pulling speed is 0.6-0.7 mm/min.
5. The automated casting mold of claim 1, wherein the finite distance to equilibrium is 100-150 mm.
6. The automatic casting mold according to claim 1, wherein the equilibrium pull rate is 1.5-2.0 m/min.
7. The automated casting model of claim 1, wherein the equilibrium pull rate is 1.8m/min.
8. The automatic casting model according to claim 1, wherein the relation of the acceleration from casting to liquid level balance is specifically: v t 2-V0 2＝2aS,V0 = 0.
9. The automatic casting model according to claim 8, wherein in step S2), the correspondence relationship is: t=v t/a,Sn＝Vt*tn-(V0*tn+1/2atn 2); the displacement increment relation is as follows: deltaS n＝Sn-Sn-1.
10. An automatic casting method for a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine, comprising the following steps:
automatic casting of a metering gate using an automatic casting mold according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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