CN118912716B - A pressure pulse downhole phase change heat generator and its working method - Google Patents
A pressure pulse downhole phase change heat generator and its working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN118912716B CN118912716B CN202411285224.1A CN202411285224A CN118912716B CN 118912716 B CN118912716 B CN 118912716B CN 202411285224 A CN202411285224 A CN 202411285224A CN 118912716 B CN118912716 B CN 118912716B
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035485 pulse pressure Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRCHKSNAZZFGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane Chemical compound CC(F)(Cl)Cl FRCHKSNAZZFGCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATEBGNALLCMSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)CCl ATEBGNALLCMSGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/20—Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluid; using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T2010/50—Component parts, details or accessories
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of geothermal phase change exploitation of deep wells such as geology, petroleum and the like, in particular to a pressure pulse type underground phase change heat exchanger and a working method thereof, wherein the heat exchanger comprises an upper hemispherical shell, a cylindrical shell and a lower hemispherical shell which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and three layers of sleeves, counterweights, inverted T-shaped pistons, pressure pulse flow restrictors, double-layer spiral baffle plates and flow direction converters are arranged in the heat exchanger; the three-layer sleeve is vertically arranged at the axis of the upper hemispherical shell in a penetrating way, the outer layer of the three-layer sleeve is an annular layer for injecting phase change media, the middle layer is filled with heat preservation materials, and the inner layer is a hollow runner for expansion conveying after phase change media phase change. The heat exchanger has no other energy consumption original parts, takes the pulse pressure of the phase-change medium as the main driving force of the heat-carrying phase-change medium after the heat exchange is completed, provides power through the process that the phase-change medium absorbs heat in the heat exchanger to generate phase-change free expansion, pumps and discharges low-temperature geothermal water while the heat-carrying phase-change medium returns to the ground, and realizes efficient exploitation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geothermal phase change exploitation of deep wells such as geology, petroleum and the like, in particular to a pressure pulse type underground phase change heat exchanger and a working method thereof.
Background
Along with the development of the exploration and development technology, the exploitation depth of the oil and gas well is increased continuously, the water content of the oil and gas field is higher at the end of crude oil exploitation, and the deep geothermal resource exploitation and the oil and heat co-exploitation process of the deep well and the ultra deep well are also increasingly focused by industries. The exploitation technology of deep well and ultra-deep well oil layer geothermal heat has more difficult points, including the effective recharging problem under the high temperature and high pressure condition, the heat transfer fluid along-path dissipation problem, the effective water lifting mode under the absolute depth, and the like.
Aiming at the problem of geothermal resource exploitation of deep wells and ultra-deep wells, researchers in industry enterprises and scientific research institutions give treatment to various solving measures, such as a method (CN 109931036A) for geothermal and oil and gas co-exploitation in oil or gas exploitation, a method (CN 114922594A) for casing well cementation after well completion of a production well, perforation fracturing of a well section with high low temperature of an oil and gas reservoir to a rock stratum, filling heat conducting filler into cracks to form a heat conducting belt, and realizing a collection process of convective heat transfer through a conveying pipe in the casing and a gravity heat pipe heat exchanger, such as high-efficiency extraction equipment (CN 114876414A) for deep geothermal exploitation wells, wherein the extraction barrel is arranged into a double-layer vacuum pipe, heat loss is reduced, water with high bottom temperature is extracted to a wellhead, and the temperature is reduced to be below 10 ℃, such as a method (CN 114922594A) for deep crack type geothermal seal and separate exploitation of multiple underground aquifers is arranged as target layers, and when a certain layer is selected as exploitation layer, the problem that the deep intervals are not easy to pump water and back into groups in the geothermal exploitation process is solved.
The geothermal exploitation process of deep wells and ultra-deep well oil layers is complex, the current geothermal exploitation process of the deep wells is researched in the modes of fracturing, extraction, layered exploitation and the like, but the trend of a seam net, seam net gaps and the expansion distance formed by hydraulic fracturing are different, so that filler can be accumulated in certain cracks with larger drop and even the seam net is plugged, the depth of the deep wells is larger, the way of exploiting geothermal by lifting water can cause larger heat dissipation along the way in the process of up-flowing geothermal water, the temperature of the ground is reduced more, and energy waste is caused, and the method is a main factor of low actual exploitation efficiency and large exploitation cost investment of geothermal resources.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of large heat loss, low efficiency and the like in geothermal exploitation of deep wells and ultra-deep wells, the invention provides a pressure pulse type underground phase-change heat exchanger and a working method thereof, no other energy consumption original parts are used, pulse pressure of a phase-change medium is used as main driving force of a heat-carrying phase-change medium after heat exchange is completed, the phase-change medium absorbs heat in the heat exchanger to generate phase-change free expansion, power is provided through the process of heat-carrying phase-change medium, and low-temperature geothermal water is pumped and discharged while the heat-carrying phase-change medium returns to the ground, so that efficient exploitation is realized. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a pressure pulse type underground phase change heat exchanger comprises an upper hemispherical shell, a cylindrical shell and a lower hemispherical shell which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein three layers of sleeves, counterweights, inverted T-shaped pistons, a pressure pulse current limiter, a double-layer spiral baffle plate and a flow direction converter are arranged in the upper hemispherical shell, the cylindrical shell and the lower hemispherical shell;
The three-layer sleeve is vertically arranged at the axis of the upper hemispherical shell in a penetrating way, the outer layer of the three-layer sleeve is an annular layer for injecting phase change media, the middle layer is filled with heat preservation materials, and the inner layer is a hollow runner for expansion conveying after phase change media phase change;
The balance weight is positioned at the upper part of the cylindrical shell, a phase-change medium bypass channel for phase-change medium to flow downwards is arranged at the left side of the balance weight, a middle cavity is arranged in the middle of the balance weight, a low-temperature geothermal water outlet is arranged at the right side of the balance weight, the phase-change medium bypass channel is communicated with the outer layer of the three-layer sleeve pipe through an annular layer, the middle cavity is communicated with the hollow flow channel of the three-layer sleeve pipe, the T-shaped piston can be arranged in the middle cavity in a vertically movable manner, and the pressure pulse restrictor is arranged in the phase-change medium bypass channel to control the on-off of the phase-change medium bypass channel;
The upper end of the double-layer spiral baffle plate is provided with an upper cover plate, the lower end of the double-layer spiral baffle plate is provided with a lower cover plate, the upper cover plate is provided with reversing flow channels, a plurality of geothermal water annular flow channel layers and phase change medium annular flow channel layers which are distributed at intervals are arranged in the double-layer spiral baffle plate, the most central phase change medium annular flow channel layer is a central flow channel, each geothermal water annular flow channel layer is sequentially communicated through a corresponding reversing flow channel, each phase change medium annular flow channel layer is sequentially communicated through a corresponding reversing flow channel, the outermost phase change medium annular flow channel layer is communicated with a phase change medium bypass flow channel, the central flow channel is used for conveying phase change medium after phase change and is communicated with a middle cavity, annular pistons are arranged in the most inner geothermal water annular flow channel layer, and the annular pistons are connected with T-shaped pistons to move up and down;
The lower extreme of lower hemisphere shell is equipped with geothermal water import, flow direction converter installs in lower hemisphere shell, flow direction converter includes lower extreme import, upper end overflow export, lower extreme overflow import and upper end export, lower extreme import intercommunication geothermal water import, upper end overflow export and lower extreme overflow import all communicate the shell cavity of lower hemisphere shell, upper end overflow export's position is higher than lower extreme overflow import position, upper end export communicates the geothermal water annular runner layer of inlayer through lower apron.
According to the pressure pulse type downhole phase change heat exchanger, the pressure pulse restrictor divides a phase change medium bypass channel into an upper phase change medium bypass channel and a lower phase change medium bypass channel, the front end of the upper phase change medium bypass channel is communicated with annular layers of three layers of casings, and the rear end of the lower phase change medium bypass channel is communicated with the outermost phase change medium annular flow channel layer;
The pressure pulse current limiter comprises a conical plug, a spring II, a base and a side wall, wherein an inverted conical cavity is arranged above the plug, the inverted conical cavity is communicated with the rear end of an upper phase-change medium bypass channel, the spring II is arranged on the base, the top of the spring II is connected with the plug to drive the plug to move up and down, and flow channels are arranged on the outer side of the plug and the outer side of the side wall and are used for communicating the upper phase-change medium bypass channel and the lower phase-change medium bypass channel.
Above-mentioned pressure pulse formula phase transition heat exchanger in pit, three-layer sleeve pipe lower extreme is equipped with stop collar and reducing piston, and the external diameter of stop collar matches with the counter weight, internal diameter matches with the reducing piston in order to slide, reducing piston outer fringe cover is equipped with spring I, spring I upper end contact stop collar's lower extreme, three-layer sleeve pipe's hollow runner is through the center of stop collar, the center intercommunication extension intercommunication middle part cavity of reducing piston.
The pressure pulse type underground phase change heat exchanger is characterized in that an upper intersection channel is arranged in the upper cover plate so that the phase change medium and the geothermal energy are respectively arranged at the reversing of the upper end of the double-layer spiral baffle plate, and a lower intersection channel is arranged in the lower cover plate so that the phase change medium and the geothermal energy are respectively arranged at the reversing of the lower end of the double-layer spiral baffle plate.
The pressure pulse type underground phase change heat exchanger comprises the upper intersection channel, the lower intersection channel and the lower intersection channel, wherein the upper intersection channel comprises a phase change medium diversion channel, a geothermal water diversion channel and a low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel, the phase change medium diversion channel is communicated with a middle cavity where the T-shaped piston is located and used for enabling phase change medium which has undergone phase change to circulate, the phase change medium diversion channel is used for phase change medium diversion circulation which does not undergo phase change of a phase change medium annular channel layer, and the geothermal water diversion channel is used for diversion circulation of geothermal water of each geothermal water annular channel layer. The low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel is communicated with the geothermal water reversing channel, and the low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel is upwards communicated with the low-temperature geothermal water outlet.
The pressure pulse type underground phase-change heat exchanger has the advantages that the boiling point of the phase-change medium is lower than the exploitation temperature of a geothermal layer, and the material of the phase-change medium can be any one or more of R141b (dichloro-fluoroethane), R142b (chloro-difluoroethane), R134a (tetrafluoroethane) or R600a (isobutane).
The invention also relates to a working method of the pressure pulse type underground phase change heat exchanger, which comprises the following steps:
S1) injecting phase change media into an annular layer of the three layers of sleeve pipes, enabling the phase change media to enter an annular flow passage layer of the outmost phase change media of the double-layer spiral baffle plate through a phase change media bypass flow passage and flow in the annular flow passage layer of the phase change media from outside to inside layer by layer, and realizing pulse on-off of the bypass flow passage of the phase change media through reciprocating and circulating movement of a pressure pulse restrictor according to the injection pressure of the phase change media in the process;
S2) when the height of the geothermal water in the cavity of the lower hemispherical shell is larger than the height of the overflow inlet at the lower end of the flow direction converter, the geothermal water enters the geothermal water annular flow channel layer at the outermost layer of the double-layer spiral baffle plate from the overflow inlet at the lower end through the flow channel in the lower cover plate;
S3) after that, geothermal water flows through the geothermal water annular flow passage layer from outside to inside in a gradual manner, during the period, the geothermal water temperature is reduced, the phase change medium temperature rises to become gas phase enrichment above the double-layer spiral baffle plate, the gas phase change medium enters the middle cavity through the innermost phase change medium annular flow passage layer to be accumulated, the gas phase change medium continuously accumulated pressure rises to push the T-shaped piston to ascend, when the T-shaped piston ascends to the phase change medium ascending passage, the gas phase change medium flows into the hollow flow passage of the three-layer sleeve through the phase change medium ascending passage, then the pressure of the gas phase change medium is reduced, the T-shaped piston descends to be communicated with the ascending passage, and then the gas phase change medium is accumulated again at the center cavity to enable the T-shaped piston to ascend again, so that the cycle is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that based on the principle of providing power for medium phase change caused by phase change medium phase change and geothermal fluid convection heat transfer, the exploitation of geothermal resources of deep wells and ultra-deep wells is assisted, the phase change medium and geothermal water are subjected to convection heat exchange in the double-layer spiral baffle plate, the gas phase pressure generated by phase change expansion of the phase change medium after heat exchange is used as driving force, and the gas phase pressure can be used for a pressure pulse restrictor to judge whether the threshold pressure of the phase change medium needs to be continuously injected or not. In the working process of the heat exchanger, the power required to be provided is only the pressure for flowing in the phase change medium, the additional supply of the phase change medium backflow driving force and the geothermal water inflow and outflow driving power is not required, the energy consumption is small, and the complex energy conversion is not required. The three-layer sleeve has a heat preservation function, and heat loss of the phase change medium in the ascending process after phase change can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention (black arrows are phase change medium, white arrows are geothermal water);
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a T-piston installation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pressure pulse restrictor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a flow channel of an upper cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a geothermal water commutating flow path according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a phase change medium reversing flow channel and a phase change medium flow guide channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a lower cover plate and a flow direction converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a double-layer helical baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a three-layer sleeve, 2 is an upper hemispherical shell, 5 is a spring I, 6 is a limit sleeve, 7 is a counterweight, 8 is a reducing piston, 9 is a T-shaped piston, 10 is a pressure pulse restrictor, 11 is an upper junction channel, 12 is a lower junction channel, 13 is a lower hemispherical shell, 14 is a geothermal water inlet, 15 is a low-temperature geothermal water outlet, 16 is an upper cover plate, 17 is a cylindrical shell, 18 is a double-layer spiral baffle plate, 19 is a flow direction converter, 20 is a lower cover plate,
41 Is an upper phase-change medium bypass passage, 42 is a lower phase-change medium bypass passage, 43 is a phase-change medium upstream passage,
91 Is an annular piston, 92 is a central cavity, 93 is an interface, 94 is a spring II,
101 Is an inverted cone cavity, 102 is a plug, 103 is a spring II, 104 is a base, 105 is a cylinder wall,
111 Is a phase change medium diversion channel, 112 is a geothermal water diversion channel, 113 is a phase change medium diversion channel, 114 is a low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel,
181 Is the outmost geothermal water annular flow passage, 182 is the outmost phase change medium annular flow passage, 183 is the outmost geothermal water annular flow passage, 184 is the outmost phase change medium annular flow passage, 185 is the central flow passage,
191 An end inlet, 192 an upper overflow outlet, 193 a lower overflow inlet, 194 an upper outlet,
201 Is a first boss, 202 is a second boss, and 203 is a third boss.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is provided by way of example only, and is provided by way of further explanation of the application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless defined otherwise, all technical terms used have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It is noted that the terminology used is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application.
The embodiment is a pressure pulse type downhole phase-change heat exchanger, as shown in fig. 1, comprising an upper hemispherical shell 2, a cylindrical shell 17 and a lower hemispherical shell 13 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom to form a container shell of the phase-change heat exchanger. The container shell is internally provided with a vertical three-layer sleeve 1, a counterweight 7, an inverted T-shaped piston 9, a pressure pulse restrictor 10, a double-layer spiral baffle 18 and a flow direction converter 19.
The axis of the upper hemispherical shell 2 is provided with a through hole for installing the three-layer sleeve 1, the outer layer of the three-layer sleeve 1 is of an annular structure for injecting phase change media, the middle layer is filled with heat preservation materials, and the central layer is a hollow runner for expansion conveying after phase change media phase change.
The counterweight 7 is arranged on the upper part of the cylindrical shell 17 and can be connected with the upper hemispherical shell 2 by a flange or threads, a plurality of cavities or flow channels are arranged on the counterweight 7, for example, a middle cavity is used for upward circulation of a phase change medium and mounting of a T-shaped piston 9, a bypass channel is arranged on the left side, a pressure pulse restrictor 10 is arranged on the left side, and a geothermal water discharge channel is arranged on the right side. The counterweight 7 can be provided as an integral structure by turning, milling and drilling, and can be provided as a split structure for convenience in later maintenance by threaded connection.
The lower part of the three-layer sleeve 1 is sequentially provided with a limiting sleeve 6 and a reducing piston 8, the outer diameter of the limiting sleeve 6 is matched with the counterweight 7, the inner diameter of the limiting sleeve is matched with the reducing piston 8, the outer edge of the reducing piston 8 is sleeved with a spring I5, the upper end of the spring I5 is contacted with the lower end of the limiting sleeve 6, and in particular, a spring seat can be arranged at the upper end of the T-shaped piston 9 to support the reducing piston 8 and the spring I5. When the T-shaped piston 9 moves up and down, the spring I5 simultaneously enables the reducing piston 8 to slide in the limiting sleeve 6. The hollow runner of the three-layer sleeve 1 is communicated with the center of the limiting sleeve 6 and the center of the reducing piston 8 and extends to the T-shaped piston 9. The spring I5, the T-shaped piston 9 and the reducing piston 8 are made of high-temperature resistant, pressure resistant and corrosion resistant materials.
Specifically, a bypass flow passage is formed on the left side of the counterweight 7 and is provided with a pressure pulse restrictor 10, as shown in fig. 2, the bypass flow passage is divided into an upper phase-change medium bypass flow passage 41 and a lower phase-change medium bypass flow passage 42 by the pressure pulse restrictor 10, and the lower phase-change medium bypass flow passage 42 is communicated with an outermost phase-change medium annular flow passage 182. As shown in fig. 3, the pressure pulse restrictor 10 mainly includes a tapered plug 102, a spring II103, a base 104 and a side wall 105, where an inverted tapered cavity 101 is located above the plug 102 and is in communication with the upper phase-change medium bypass channel 41, the spring II103 is mounted on the base 104, and the top of the spring II103 is connected to the plug 102 to move up and down. The outside of the plug 102 and the outside of the side wall 105 are provided with flow channels for communicating the upper phase-change medium bypass channel 41 and the lower phase-change medium bypass channel 42, when the liquid in the inverted conical cavity 101 is more, the plug 102 is pressed and is larger than the supporting force of the spring II103, the flow channels are enlarged by moving downwards, otherwise, the flow channels are reduced by moving upwards the plug 102, so that the plug 102 reciprocates to cooperate with the T-shaped piston 9, and the function of pressure pulse is realized.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, a T-shaped piston 9 is installed in the middle cavity below the counterweight 7, and an annular piston 91 is installed below the T-shaped piston 9. The annular piston 91 is matched with the annular flow passage 183 of the innermost geothermal water, and can be driven by the T-shaped piston 9 to move up and down to suck geothermal water. The annular piston 91 may be made of high-temperature-resistant rubber. The central cavity communicates with the phase change medium up-flow channel 43 of the phase change medium through an interface 93.
An upper cover plate 16 is connected below the cavity in a threaded manner and is used for being matched with a double-layer spiral baffle plate 18, and an upper intersection channel 11 is arranged in the upper cover plate 16, so that the phase change medium and the geothermal water are respectively reversed at the upper end of the double-layer spiral baffle plate 18. Likewise, a lower cover plate 20 is screwed below the double-layer spiral baffle 18, and a lower intersection channel 12 is arranged in the lower cover plate 20, so that the phase change medium and geothermal water are reversed at the lower end of the double-layer spiral baffle 18. Referring to fig. 4 and 8, a central runner 185 of the double-layer spiral baffle 18 is communicated with a middle cavity below the counterweight 7 for phase change medium circulation, an innermost geothermal water annular runner 183 is arranged on an adjacent outer layer of the central runner 185, an innermost phase change medium annular runner 184 is arranged outwards, and geothermal water annular runners 183 and the phase change medium annular runner 184 are distributed at intervals, so that heat exchange between the phase change medium and geothermal water can be realized, and an outermost phase change medium annular runner 182 of the double-layer spiral baffle 18 is arranged on the outermost layer for phase change medium inflow.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the upper junction channel 11 of the upper cover plate 16 includes a phase-change medium diversion channel 111, a phase-change medium diversion channel 113, a geothermal water diversion channel 112 and a low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel 114, wherein the phase-change medium diversion channel 111 is communicated with a middle cavity where the T-shaped piston 9 is located for circulating a phase-change medium which has undergone phase change, the phase-change medium diversion channel 113 is used for reversing circulation of phase-change medium which has not undergone phase change in each layer, and the geothermal water diversion channel 112 is used for reversing circulation of geothermal water in each layer. The low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel 114 is communicated with the geothermal water diversion channel 112, the upper port of the annular flow channel 183 of the innermost geothermal water is communicated with the low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel 114, and the low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel 114 is communicated with the low-temperature geothermal water outlet 15 upwards.
As shown in fig. 7, the lower cover plate 20 is integrally in a three-layer boss structure, the lower intersection channel 12 is arranged below, the first boss 201 is connected with the outermost side of the double-layer spiral baffle 18, the third boss 203 is connected with the central runner 185, the innermost geothermal water annular runner 183 and the innermost phase-change medium annular runner 184, and the second boss 202 is connected with other annular runners of the double-layer spiral baffle 18. The first boss 201 and the second boss 202 are correspondingly provided with a geothermal water reversing flow passage and a phase change medium reversing flow passage, and the lower intersection passage 12 is communicated with the outermost geothermal water annular flow passage 181.
The inside main part of lower hemispherical shell 13 is hollow structure, is equipped with flow direction converter 19 in its axis position, avoids geothermal water frequent high pressure to strike and damages double-deck helical baffle 18 and lower intersection passageway 12, flow direction converter 19 includes lower extreme import 191, upper end overflow export 192, lower extreme overflow import 193 and upper end export 194, lower extreme import 191 intercommunication geothermal water import 14, upper end overflow export 192 and lower extreme overflow import 193 all communicate the shell cavity of lower hemispherical shell 13, the position of upper end overflow export 192 is higher than lower extreme overflow import 193 position, upper end export 192 communicates outermost geothermal water annular runner layer 181 through lower apron 20. As shown in fig. 7, geothermal water flows upward from the lower inlet 191 of the flow direction converter 19, flows into the lower half spherical shell 13 at the upper overflow outlet 192 of the flow direction converter 19, flows upward from there to the lower junction channel 12 through the upper outlet 194 when the geothermal water level in the lower half spherical shell 13 reaches the lower overflow inlet 193, and enters the outermost geothermal water annular flow path 181.
The temperature of the phase change medium is selected according to the depth of the deep well and the ultra-deep well and the water temperature of the geothermal layer, and the boiling point of the phase change medium is lower than the exploitation temperature of the geothermal layer. The material of the phase change medium may be R141b dichloromonofluoroethane, R142b chlorodifluoroethane, R134a tetrafluoroethane, R600a isobutane, etc. When the phase change medium injection device is used, phase change medium slowly flows down along the outer tube of the three-layer sleeve 1, flows into the inverted cone-shaped cavity 101 through the upper phase change medium bypass flow channel 41 and is enriched in the inverted cone-shaped cavity, when the injection pressure of the phase change medium is larger than the supporting force of the spring II103, the spring II103 is compressed, the plug 102 descends, the inverted cone-shaped cavity 101 is communicated with the lower phase change medium bypass flow channel 42, the spring II103 is restored to the original length along with the reduction of the pressure of the plug 102, and the plug 102 plugs the inverted cone-shaped cavity 101 and the lower phase change medium bypass flow channel 42, so that the pulse effect is achieved in a circulating mode. Phase change medium flows into the lower phase change medium bypass flow channel 42 through the upper cover plate 16 into the outermost phase change medium annular flow channel 182.
While the plug 102 descends, air in the double-layer spiral baffle 18 pushes the T-shaped piston 9 to ascend, the T-shaped piston 9 drives the annular piston 91 to ascend, so that the air of the lower hemispherical shell 13 is sucked, geothermal water in a well enters the flow direction converter 19 through the geothermal water inlet 14, and flows into the lower hemispherical shell 13 at outlets on two sides of the flow direction converter 19 and is enriched. When the phase change medium is continuously injected, the plug 102 reciprocates for a plurality of times, so that the pumping process of geothermal water is realized. When the height of the geothermal water is greater than the height of the water inlet to the converter 19, the geothermal water enters the innermost geothermal water loop 183 through the lower joint path 12.
In the double-layer spiral baffle 18, the annular flow channel layers of the phase change medium and the annular flow channel layers of the geothermal water are arranged at intervals, the heat exchange process of the phase change medium and the geothermal water occurs in each layer of flow channels, the boiling point of the phase change medium is lower than the temperature of the geothermal water, the phase change medium is changed into the gas phase with smaller density after being heated, the phase change medium can be rapidly enriched into the upper space of the flow channels, in order to avoid the occurrence of 'air bolts' blocking the flow channels, the linear phase change medium flow guide channel 111 is arranged at the top of the flow channel of each layer of phase change medium and is directly communicated with a central cavity at the T-shaped piston 9, so that the gas phase change medium gathers at the central cavity, when the pressure of the gas phase change medium is higher than the gravity of the T-shaped piston 9 and the pressure of the spring I5, the gas phase change medium can push the T-shaped piston 9 to ascend, when the T-shaped piston 9 ascends to the interface 93, the gas phase change medium enters the phase change medium ascending channel 43 through the interface 93, and then flows into the hollow flow channel of the three-layer sleeve 1 through the center of the reducing piston 8, when the gravity of the T-shaped piston 9 and the pressure of the spring I5 are higher than the pressure, the gas phase change medium gathers again, and the phase change medium gathers at the central cavity is closed again at the central position after the T-shaped piston 9.
In this embodiment, to ensure that the phase change medium and geothermal water have a sufficient chance of convective heat exchange, the double-layer spiral baffle 18 is 10 layers, and includes five phase change medium flow channel layers and five geothermal water flow channel layers, each of which can perform convective heat exchange with geothermal water layers on two sides of the phase change medium flow channel layer, so that the phase change medium is in a gas phase before flowing into the innermost phase change medium annular flow channel 184. In the up-down pumping process of the T-shaped piston 9, geothermal water flows from the outermost geothermal water annular runner 181 to the innermost geothermal water annular runner 183 through the guide runners of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate, and finally flows out through the low-temperature geothermal water guide runner 114 and the low-temperature geothermal water outlet 15, so that the whole down-hole phase change medium phase change heat exchange, free expansion, reciprocating motion and geothermal water extraction processes are realized.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and it should be noted that variations or modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present application, which would also be considered to be within the scope of the application.
Claims (7)
1. The pressure pulse type underground phase change heat exchanger is characterized by comprising an upper hemispherical shell (2), a cylindrical shell (17) and a lower hemispherical shell (13) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein a three-layer sleeve (1), a counterweight (7), an inverted T-shaped piston (9), a pressure pulse current limiter (10), a double-layer spiral baffle plate (18) and a flow direction converter (19) are arranged in the upper hemispherical shell;
The three-layer sleeve (1) vertically penetrates through the axis of the upper hemispherical shell (2), the outer layer of the three-layer sleeve (1) is an annular layer for injecting phase change media, the middle layer is filled with heat preservation materials, and the inner layer is a hollow runner for expansion conveying after phase change media phase change;
The balance weight (7) is positioned at the upper part of the cylindrical shell (17), a phase-change medium bypass channel for phase-change medium to flow downwards is arranged at the left side of the balance weight (7), a middle cavity is arranged in the middle of the balance weight, a low-temperature geothermal water outlet (15) is arranged at the right side of the balance weight, the phase-change medium bypass channel is communicated with an annular space layer of the three-layer sleeve (1), the middle cavity is communicated with a hollow runner of the three-layer sleeve (1), the T-shaped piston (9) can be arranged in the middle cavity in a vertically movable way, and the pressure pulse restrictor (10) is arranged in the phase-change medium bypass channel to control the on-off of the phase-change medium bypass channel;
The upper end of the double-layer spiral baffle plate (18) is provided with an upper cover plate (16), the lower end of the double-layer spiral baffle plate is provided with a lower cover plate (20), the upper cover plate (16) is provided with reversing flow channels, a plurality of geothermal water annular flow channel layers and phase change medium annular flow channel layers which are distributed at intervals are arranged in the double-layer spiral baffle plate (18), the central phase change medium annular flow channel layer is a central flow channel (185), each geothermal water annular flow channel layer is sequentially communicated through corresponding reversing flow channels, each phase change medium annular flow channel layer is sequentially communicated through corresponding reversing flow channels, the outermost phase change medium annular flow channel layer (182) is communicated with a phase change medium bypass flow channel, the central flow channel (185) is used for conveying phase change medium after phase change and is communicated with a middle cavity, an annular piston (91) is arranged in the geothermal water annular flow channel layer (183) of the innermost layer, and the annular piston (91) is connected with a T-shaped piston (9) to move up and down;
The lower extreme of lower hemisphere shell (13) is equipped with geothermal water import (14), flow direction converter (19) are installed in lower hemisphere shell (13), flow direction converter (19) are including lower extreme import (191), upper end overflow export (192), lower extreme overflow import (193) and upper end export (194), lower extreme import (191) intercommunication geothermal water import (14), upper end overflow export (192) and lower extreme overflow import (193) all communicate the shell chamber of lower hemisphere shell (13), the position of upper end overflow export (192) is higher than lower extreme overflow import (193) position, upper end export (194) are through lower apron (20) intercommunication inlayer geothermal water annular runner layer.
2. The pressure pulse type downhole phase change heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the pressure pulse restrictor (10) divides a phase change medium bypass channel into an upper phase change medium bypass channel (41) and a lower phase change medium bypass channel (42), the front end of the upper phase change medium bypass channel (41) is communicated with an annular layer of the three-layer sleeve (1), and the rear end of the lower phase change medium bypass channel (42) is communicated with an outermost phase change medium annular flow channel layer;
The pressure pulse current limiter (10) comprises a conical plug (102), a spring II (103), a base (104) and a side wall (105), wherein an inverted conical cavity (101) is arranged above the plug (102), the inverted conical cavity (101) is communicated with the rear end of the upper phase-change medium bypass channel (41), the spring II (103) is arranged on the base (104), the top of the spring II (103) is connected with the plug (102) to drive the plug to move up and down, and flow channels are arranged on the outer side of the plug (102) and the outer side of the side wall (105) and are used for communicating the upper phase-change medium bypass channel (41) and the lower phase-change medium bypass channel (42).
3. The pressure pulse type downhole phase change heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein a limit sleeve (6) and a reducing piston (8) are arranged at the lower end of the three-layer sleeve (1), the outer diameter of the limit sleeve (6) is matched with the counterweight (7), the inner diameter of the limit sleeve is matched with the reducing piston (8) to slide, a spring I (5) is sleeved on the outer edge of the reducing piston (8), the upper end of the spring I (5) is in contact with the lower end of the limit sleeve (6), and a hollow runner of the three-layer sleeve (1) is communicated with a middle cavity through the center of the limit sleeve (6) and the center of the reducing piston (8).
4. The pressure pulse type downhole phase change heat exchanger as claimed in claim 1, wherein an upper intersection passage (11) is arranged in the upper cover plate (16) so that the phase change medium and the geothermal energy are respectively reversed at the upper end of the double-layer spiral baffle plate (18), and a lower intersection passage (12) is arranged in the lower cover plate (20) so that the phase change medium and the geothermal energy are respectively reversed at the lower end of the double-layer spiral baffle plate (18).
5. The pressure pulse type downhole phase change heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein the upper junction channel (11) comprises a phase change medium diversion channel (111), a phase change medium diversion channel (113), a geothermal water diversion channel (112) and a low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel (114), wherein the phase change medium diversion channel (111) is communicated with a middle cavity where the T-shaped piston (9) is arranged for enabling phase change medium to circulate, the phase change medium diversion channel (113) is used for enabling phase change medium which does not change in a phase change medium annular channel layer to circulate, the geothermal water diversion channel (112) is used for enabling each geothermal water annular channel layer to circulate in a reversing manner, the low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel (114) is communicated with the geothermal water diversion channel (112), and the low-temperature geothermal water diversion channel (114) is communicated with the low-temperature geothermal water outlet (15) upwards.
6. The pressure pulse type downhole phase change heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein the boiling point of the phase change medium is lower than the exploitation temperature of the geothermal layer, and the material of the phase change medium is any one or more of R141b, R142b, R134a and R600 a.
7. A method of operating a pressure pulse downhole phase change heat exchanger according to any of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
S1) injecting phase change media into annular layers of the three-layer sleeve (1), enabling the phase change media to enter an annular flow passage layer (182) of the phase change media at the outermost layer of the double-layer spiral baffle plate (18) through a phase change media bypass passage and circulate in the annular flow passage layer of the phase change media from outside to inside layer by layer, and enabling the pressure pulse restrictor (10) to reciprocate according to the injection pressure of the phase change media to realize pulse on-off of the phase change media bypass passage in the process;
S2) when the height of geothermal water in the shell cavity of the lower hemispherical shell (13) is larger than the height of a lower overflow inlet (193) of the flow direction converter (19), geothermal water enters the geothermal water annular flow channel layer (181) of the outermost layer of the double-layer spiral baffle plate (18) from the lower overflow inlet (193) through a flow channel in the lower cover plate (20);
S3) after that, geothermal water flows through the geothermal water annular flow passage layer from outside to inside in a gradual manner, during the period, the geothermal water temperature is reduced, the phase change medium temperature is increased and becomes gas phase enrichment to be above the double-layer spiral baffle plate (18), the geothermal water enters into the middle cavity through the innermost phase change medium annular flow passage layer (184) to be accumulated, the gas phase change medium continuously accumulated pressure is increased to push the T-shaped piston (9) to ascend, when the T-shaped piston (9) ascends to the position of the phase change medium ascending passage (43), the gas phase change medium flows into the hollow flow passage of the three-layer sleeve (1) through the phase change medium ascending passage (43), then the gas phase change medium pressure is reduced, the T-shaped piston (9) descends to be communicated with the ascending passage (43), and then the gas phase change medium is accumulated again at the center cavity to enable the T-shaped piston (9) to ascend again, and the cycle is performed.
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| CN102704903A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-03 | 阜新北鑫星液压有限公司 | Process method and device for extracting underground thick oil by heating with underground heat energy |
| CN104919257A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2015-09-16 | 三管地热公司 | Coaxial borehole heat exchanger and method of producing the same |
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| PT1339937E (en) * | 2000-12-08 | 2013-06-07 | Subsurface Technologies Inc | Improved method for stimulation of liquid flow in a well |
| DE102006051903A1 (en) * | 2005-09-23 | 2008-05-08 | Josef Bachmaier | Coiled heat exchanger for e.g. residential building, has channels following one after other, and feeding equipment such as radial ventilators, pumps or feed membranes, attached and/or integrated in exchanger |
| EP3614069A1 (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-02-26 | ClimaSolutions GmbH | Method and device for generating useful energy from geothermal energy |
| CN214333087U (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-10-01 | 西安联创分布式可再生能源研究院有限公司 | Heat pipe type middle-deep geothermal heat development device with self-circulation function |
| CN113883735A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 万江新能源集团有限公司 | Deep well heat exchange heat pump system utilizing working medium phase change heat absorption |
| CN116697628A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-09-05 | 山东德和地热开发有限公司 | A coaxial casing type downhole countercurrent heat exchange system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102704903A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-10-03 | 阜新北鑫星液压有限公司 | Process method and device for extracting underground thick oil by heating with underground heat energy |
| CN104919257A (en) * | 2012-12-06 | 2015-09-16 | 三管地热公司 | Coaxial borehole heat exchanger and method of producing the same |
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