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CN118879324B - Optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN118879324B
CN118879324B CN202411393194.6A CN202411393194A CN118879324B CN 118879324 B CN118879324 B CN 118879324B CN 202411393194 A CN202411393194 A CN 202411393194A CN 118879324 B CN118879324 B CN 118879324B
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CN118879324A (en
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贺帅
李�赫
管倩
何建丽
郑爽
蔺玉博
马永红
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Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology
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    • G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
    • G01N21/643—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes" non-biological material

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Abstract

本发明适用于发光材料技术领域，一种光学温度传感型近红外荧光粉及其制备方法和应用，其中近红外荧光粉的化学通式为：Gd2.4‑a‑b‑ cLu0.6Ga4‑aAlO12：aCr3+，bNd3+，cYb3+；方法包括以下步骤：（1）称量；（2）得到混合物；（3）得到烧结体；（4）得到粒径为1‑5um荧光粉。有益效果：本发明公开的荧光粉在可见光激发下，产生波长为600‑1100 nm的发射光，均对温度高度敏感，利用掺杂Cr3+，Yb3+，Nd3+热耦合能级的发光强度比值作为温度的函数，可以得到在300 K至500 K宽范围下的高灵敏度的光学温度传感材料。本发明公开的荧光粉制备方法简单、产率高、生产成本低、性质稳定且易于储存，适用范围广，能满足工业化大规模生产需求。

The present invention is applicable to the technical field of luminescent materials, and is an optical temperature sensing near-infrared phosphor and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the chemical general formula of the near-infrared phosphor is: Gd 2.4‑a‑b‑ c Lu 0.6 Ga 4‑a AlO 12 : aCr 3+ , bNd 3+ , cYb 3+ ; the method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing; (2) obtaining a mixture; (3) obtaining a sintered body; (4) obtaining a phosphor with a particle size of 1‑5 um. Beneficial effect: The phosphor disclosed in the present invention generates emission light with a wavelength of 600‑1100 nm under visible light excitation, and is highly sensitive to temperature. By using the luminous intensity ratio of the thermal coupling energy levels of doped Cr 3+ , Yb 3+ , and Nd 3+ as a function of temperature, a highly sensitive optical temperature sensing material can be obtained in a wide range of 300 K to 500 K. The fluorescent powder preparation method disclosed in the present invention is simple, has high yield, low production cost, stable properties and is easy to store, has a wide range of applications, and can meet the needs of industrial large-scale production.

Description

Optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of luminescent materials, in particular to optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Temperature is an important basic physical parameter, and sensing thereof has wide application in industrial and scientific fields. Conventional contact thermometers mainly comprise a liquid thermometer, a thermocouple and the like. The thermometers need to be in physical contact with an object to be measured in the temperature measurement process, have low detection sensitivity, are difficult to meet the current increasingly complex actual measurement requirements, and especially cannot be used for special conditions (such as strong acidity, submicron-level ultra-small area temperature measurement, area gradient temperature measurement, temperature measurement under extreme environments such as strong electromagnetism, inflammability and explosiveness, and the like). To address these new challenges, the development of new non-contact optical thermometry techniques is urgent.
Near infrared materials are one of the current research hotspots, and have been widely used in security monitoring, food detection and medical imaging, in particular. For example, the fluorescent powder disclosed in the patent application No. CN202211319646.7, the preparation method thereof and the luminescent powder disclosed in the luminescent device patent are particularly suitable for near infrared LED (light emitting diode) application, can be applied to the fields of micro-spectrum technology, biomedical and the like, and the fluorescent powder disclosed in the patent application No. CN202311578874.0, the preparation method thereof and the luminescent powder disclosed in the patent application is mainly applied to a near infrared LED light source.
However, no report is made about the application of the fluorescent powder excited by visible light to near infrared emission in the non-contact optical temperature measurement technology.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder, and the preparation method and the application thereof, wherein the optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder generates the emitted light with the wavelength of 600-1100 nm under the excitation of visible light, is highly sensitive to temperature, has the advantages of simple preparation method, high yield, low production cost, stable property, easy storage and wide application range, can meet the requirements of industrial mass production, and is expected to be used for temperature detection in severe and extreme environments such as ultra-small area region temperature measurement, inflammable and explosive, acid-base corrosion and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the technical scheme that the optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder has the chemical formula of Gd 2.4-a-b-cLu0.6Ga4-aAlO12：aCr3+,bNd3+,cYb3+, wherein, b is not less than 0<a and not more than 2.00,0 and not more than 2.00,0 and not more than c is not more than 2.00,0< b+c, the crystal structure is garnet structure, the chemical formula of the garnet structure is A 3B5O12, and the chemical formula of the near infrared fluorescent powder is consistent with the chemical formula of the garnet structure, so that the crystal structure of the near infrared fluorescent powder disclosed by the invention is garnet structure.
Further, the excitation light wavelength range of the near infrared fluorescent powder is 350-1000nm.
Further, the wavelength range of the emitted light of the near infrared fluorescent powder is 600-1100nm.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Accurately weighing a Gd source compound, a Lu source compound, a Ga source compound, an Al source compound, a Cr source compound, a Yb source compound and an Nd source compound according to the element molar ratio of 2.4-a-b-c to 0.6:4-a to 1:a:b, wherein 0<a-2.00,0-2.00,0-2.00 and 0-b+c;
(2) Fully mixing and grinding the weighed raw materials in the step (1) with absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a mixture;
(3) Calcining the mixture in the step (2) for 3-8 hours in a high-temperature environment of 1200-1600 ℃ to obtain a sintered body;
(4) And (3) naturally cooling the sintered body in the step (3), and then grinding the sintered body fully by using a mortar to obtain the fluorescent powder with the particle size of 1-5 um.
Further, the Gd source compound, lu source compound, ga source compound, al source compound, cr source compound, yb source compound and Nd source compound in step (1) are one of their corresponding oxides, halides and nitrates.
Further, the dosage of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the step (2) is 0-100% of the total weight of the raw materials.
Further, the temperature rising rate in the step (3) is 3 ℃ per minute.
Further, the reducing atmosphere in the step (3) is a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen, the volume ratio of the hydrogen to the nitrogen is 5-10:95-90, and the flow rate of the reducing atmosphere is 10-100 mL/min.
The invention further provides a technical scheme that the optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder is applied to temperature indication in the optical field.
Further, the temperature indication ranges from 300K to 500K.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. The fluorescent powder disclosed by the invention generates emitted light with the wavelength of 600-1100 nm under the excitation of visible light, is highly sensitive to temperature, and can obtain the high-sensitivity optical temperature sensing material in the wide range of 300K-500K by using the ratio of the luminous intensity of the thermal coupling energy level doped with Cr 3+,Yb3+,Nd3+ as a function of temperature.
2. The fluorescent powder disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation method, high yield, low production cost, stable property, easiness in storage and wide application range, can meet the requirements of industrial mass production, and is expected to be used for temperature detection in severe and extreme environments such as ultra-small area regional temperature measurement, inflammability, explosiveness, acid-base corrosion and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a near infrared spectrum of a phosphor of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a near infrared spectrum of the phosphor of example 8 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of the phosphor powders of examples 1 to 14 and comparative example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows excitation spectra of the phosphors of examples 1 and 8 and comparative examples 1 and 2 according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 shows the luminescence spectrum of the phosphor prepared in example 1 of the present invention from 300k to 500k at a constant speed under the excitation of 450nm visible light.
FIG. 6 shows the luminescence spectrum of the phosphor prepared in example 8 of the present invention from 300k to 500k at a constant speed under the excitation of 450nm visible light.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the absolute sensitivity and the relative sensitivity of the phosphors prepared in examples 1 to 7, respectively, as a function of temperature.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the absolute sensitivity and the relative sensitivity of the phosphors prepared in examples 8 to 13, respectively, with respect to temperature.
Fig. 9 is a view of a light emission model taken by a visible light camera and a near infrared camera of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It is noted that all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs unless otherwise indicated.
In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "upper" and "lower" are used generally in the directions shown in the drawings or in the vertical, vertical or gravitational directions, and similarly, for convenience of understanding and description, the terms "left" and "right" are used generally in the directions shown in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" are used to refer to the inner and outer sides with respect to the outline of each component itself, but the terms of orientation are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1. 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.1790g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0591g of ytterbium oxide (99.99%) were placed in an agate mortar, and 5ml of absolute ethanol was added to mix and grind for 30 minutes. Transferring the ground mixture into an alumina crucible, putting the alumina crucible into a tube furnace, directly introducing a reducing atmosphere (5%H 2+95%N2) at a flow rate of 10-100 mL/min, starting heating the tube furnace from room temperature to 1200-1600 ℃ at a rate of 3 ℃/min, sintering the mixture at the temperature for 3-8 hours, stopping heating, naturally cooling to room temperature, and finally fully grinding the obtained sintered body into fluorescent powder with a particle size of 1-5 mu m in an agate mortar, wherein the chemical formula of the fluorescent powder is Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,15%Yb3 +. The optical performance test is carried out on the fluorescent powder prepared in the embodiment, the obtained near infrared spectrum is shown in figure 1, and the material of the embodiment has broadband emission at 650-1050nm under the excitation of 450nm visible light.
Example 2 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.1591g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0788g of ytterbium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 20%Yb3+.
Example 3 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.1990g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0394g of ytterbium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 10%Yb3+.
Example 4 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2109g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0276g of ytterbium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 7%Yb3+.
Example 5 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2189g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0197g of ytterbium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 5%Yb3+.
Example 6 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2268g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.01182g of ytterbium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 3%Yb3+.
Example 7 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2348g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0039g of ytterbium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 1%Yb3+.
Example 8 the whole is the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2268g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0101g of neodymium oxide (99.99%) are placed in an agate mortar, the chemical formula of the final phosphor is Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 3%Nd3+, and the optical performance test is performed on the phosphor prepared in this example, and the obtained near infrared spectrum is shown in FIG. 2, and the material of this example has broadband emission at 650-950nm under the excitation of 450nm visible light.
Example 9 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2348g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0034g of neodymium oxide (99.99%) were placed in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 1%Nd3+.
Example 10 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2308g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0067g of neodymium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 2%Nd3+.
Example 11 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2228g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0135g of neodymium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 4%Nd3+.
Example 12 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2189g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0168g of neodymium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 5%Nd3+.
Example 13 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2149g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0202g of neodymium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 6%Nd3+.
Example 14 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2109g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%), 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) and 0.0236g of neodymium oxide (99.99%) were put in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+, 7%Nd3+.
Comparative example 1 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.2388g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%) and 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99% were placed in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12.
Comparative example 2 the whole was the same as in example 1 except that 0.8700g of gadolinium oxide (99.999%), 0.3979g of lutetium oxide (99.999%), 0.7498g of gallium oxide (99.999%), 0.1020g of aluminum oxide (99.99%) and 0.0395g of chromium oxide (99.999%) were placed in an agate mortar, and the chemical formula of the finally prepared phosphor was Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: 1%Cr3+.
Experiment 1:
The optical temperature sensing type near infrared phosphor materials prepared in examples 1 to 14 and comparative example 2 were analyzed by an X-ray diffractometer, and the results are shown in fig. 3. From the graph, when the concentration of Nd 3+ was varied in the range of 0.00-0.07 and the concentration of Yb 3+ was varied in the range of 0.00-0.20, all diffraction peaks of the samples of examples were well indexed to the standard card, no other impurity peaks were observed, indicating that the samples of examples 1-14 were successfully synthesized and were pure phase, and furthermore, standard card 071-0701 corresponded to Gd 3Ga5O12 garnet structure, and the diffraction peaks of examples 1-14 of the present invention were consistent with it, indicating that the crystal structures of the phosphors prepared in examples 1-14 of the present invention were garnet structures.
Experiment 2:
The excitation spectra of the optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder materials prepared in the embodiment 1, the embodiment 8 and the comparative examples 1-2 of the invention are tested under the detection wavelength of 750nm to obtain a graph of fig. 4, and the excitation wave band of the material is positioned in a purple light region, and can be well excited at about 400nm to 450 nm.
Experiment 3:
The optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder materials prepared in the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 8 are respectively placed on a heating table under the excitation of 450nm visible light, the temperature is uniformly increased to 500k from 300k, the spectra are collected by taking a plurality of temperature-changing nodes to obtain the graph 5 and the graph 6, as can be seen from the graph 5, the optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder material prepared in the embodiment 1 changes with the temperature under the excitation of 450nm visible light, the fluorescence intensity changes with the temperature change, and the temperature sensing capability is reflected, as can be seen from the graph 6, the optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder material prepared in the embodiment 8 also changes with the temperature change, and the temperature sensing capability is reflected.
Experiment 4:
Examples 1 to 7 used the emission intensity ratio of Cr 3+ and Yb 3+ ions as the temperature measurement parameters, and the calculation formula was as follows:
The absolute sensitivity (Sa) and the relative sensitivity (Sr) are calculated as follows:
as a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the S a value of all the synthesized phosphors was about 1% in the range of 303 to 483K. When Yb doped to 0.20, the maximum value of Sr occurring at 423K is 0.5%/K.
Examples 8 to 13 use the emission intensity ratio of Cr 3+ and Nd 3+ ions as a temperature measurement parameter
The absolute sensitivity (Sa) and the relative sensitivity (Sr) are calculated as follows:
As shown in fig. 8, S r increases with an increase in temperature, and the maximum value of Gd 2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12: Cr3+, 0.03Nd3+ is obtained at 483K (S r =0.2%/K). Notably, the LIR has high sensitivity in the high temperature range, and can achieve high-precision temperature readout.
Experiment 5:
15g of the optical temperature sensing near infrared fluorescent powder material prepared in example 1 and example 8 and Ba 2SiO4 material are respectively mixed with 480ml of epoxy resin glue, the equal amount of pure epoxy resin glue is respectively poured into a mould, and dried for 12 hours at room temperature and then dried for 2 hours at 180 ℃ to obtain 4 pieces of small Xiong Moxing (a: pure epoxy resin glue; b: ba 2SiO4 and epoxy resin glue mixture; C: example 1 fluorescent powder and epoxy resin glue mixture; d: example 8 fluorescent powder and epoxy resin glue mixture). The four models were photographed under different light sources (as shown in FIG. 9), wherein I is a visible light photograph under natural light, II is a near infrared photograph under natural light, III is a near infrared photograph under natural light +450nm laser, IV is a near infrared photograph under light excitation in the dark, V is a near infrared photograph under 450nm laser excitation in the dark, and VI is a near infrared photograph under 450nm laser + light excitation in the dark.
As can be seen from II, III, IV, V and VI in fig. 9, the bear models prepared in examples 1 and 8 have strong or weak emitted light under the irradiation of the near infrared camera, natural light, lamplight and the excitation of the 450nm laser, which indicates that the sample can be excited under the natural light.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1.一种光学温度传感型近红外荧光粉，其特征在于：所述近红外荧光粉的化学式为：Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+，15%Yb3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,20%Yb3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,10% Yb3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,7%Yb3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1% Cr3+,5%Yb3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,3%Yb3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,1%Yb3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,3%Nd3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,1%Nd3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,2%Nd3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,4%Nd3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,5%Nd3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,6%Nd3+；或Gd2.4Lu0.6Ga4AlO12：1%Cr3+,7%Nd3+；其晶体结构为石榴石结构。1. An optical temperature sensing near-infrared phosphor, characterized in that: the chemical formula of the near-infrared phosphor is: Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 : 1% Cr 3+ , 15% Yb 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 : 1% Cr 3+ , 20% Yb 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 : 1% Cr 3+ , 10% Yb 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 : 1% Cr 3+ , 7% Yb 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 : 1% Cr 3+ , 5% Yb 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 ：1%Cr 3+ ,3%Yb 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 ：1%Cr 3+ ,1%Yb 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 ：1%Cr 3+ ,3%Nd 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 ：1%Cr 3+ ,1%Nd 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 ：1%Cr 3+ ,2%Nd 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 ：1%Cr 3+ ,4%Nd 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 :1%Cr 3+ ,5%Nd 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 :1%Cr 3+ ,6%Nd 3+ ; or Gd 2.4 Lu 0.6 Ga 4 AlO 12 :1%Cr 3+ ,7%Nd 3+ ; its crystal structure is garnet structure. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种光学温度传感型近红外荧光粉，其特征在于：所述近红外荧光粉的激发光波长范围为350-1000nm。2. The optical temperature sensing near-infrared phosphor according to claim 1, characterized in that the excitation light wavelength range of the near-infrared phosphor is 350-1000nm. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种光学温度传感型近红外荧光粉，其特征在于：所述近红外荧光粉的发射光波长范围为600-1100nm。3. The optical temperature sensing near-infrared phosphor according to claim 1, characterized in that the emission wavelength of the near-infrared phosphor is in the range of 600-1100 nm. 4.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的光学温度传感型近红外荧光粉的制备方法，其特征在于：其包括以下步骤：4. A method for preparing the optical temperature sensing near-infrared phosphor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: 方案1：将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.1790g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0591g纯度为99.99%的氧化镱放入玛瑙研钵中，加入5ml无水乙醇混合研磨30分钟；再将研磨后的混合物转移至氧化铝坩埚中，接着将氧化铝坩埚放入管式炉中，再接着以10～100mL/min的流量一直通入5%H2+95%N2的还原气氛，然后管式炉开始加热从室温以3℃/min的速率升至1200-1600℃，并在该温度下烧结混合物3-8小时，之后停止加热自然冷却至室温，最后将所得烧结体在玛瑙研钵中充分研磨成粒径为1-5um的荧光粉粉末；Scheme 1: 0.8700 g of 99.999% pure gadolinium oxide, 0.1790 g of 99.999% pure lutetium oxide, 0.7498 g of 99.999% pure gallium oxide, 0.1020 g of 99.99% pure aluminum oxide, 0.0395 g of 99.999% pure chromium oxide and 0.0591 g of 99.99% pure ytterbium oxide were put into an agate mortar, 5 ml of anhydrous ethanol was added, and the mixture was mixed and ground for 30 minutes; the ground mixture was then transferred to an alumina crucible, and then the alumina crucible was placed in a tube furnace, and then 5% H 2 +95% N 2 was continuously introduced at a flow rate of 10-100 mL/min. 2 reducing atmosphere, then start heating in a tubular furnace from room temperature to 1200-1600°C at a rate of 3°C/min, and sinter the mixture at this temperature for 3-8 hours, then stop heating and cool naturally to room temperature, and finally grind the obtained sintered body in an agate mortar into a phosphor powder with a particle size of 1-5um; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.1591g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0788g纯度为99.99%的氧化镱放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1591 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0788 g of ytterbium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.1990g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0394g纯度为99.99%的氧化镱放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1990 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0394 g of ytterbium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2109g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0276g纯度为99.99%的氧化镱放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2109 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0276 g of ytterbium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2189g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0197g纯度为99.99%的氧化镱放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2189 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0197 g of ytterbium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2268g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.01182g纯度为99.99%的氧化镱放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2268 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.01182 g of ytterbium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2348g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0039g纯度为99.99%的氧化镱放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2348 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0039 g of ytterbium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2268g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0101g纯度为99.99%的氧化钕放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2268 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0101 g of neodymium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2348g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0034g纯度为99.99%的氧化钕放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2348 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0034 g of neodymium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2308g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0067g纯度为99.99%的氧化钕放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2308 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0067 g of neodymium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2228g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0135g纯度为99.99%的氧化钕放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2228 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0135 g of neodymium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2189g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0168g纯度为99.99%的氧化钕放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2189 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0168 g of neodymium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2149g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0202g纯度为99.99%的氧化钕放入玛瑙研钵中；or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2149 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0202 g of neodymium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar; 或者整体内容与方案1相同，不同之处在于，将0.8700g纯度为99.999%的氧化钆、0.2109g纯度为99.999%的氧化镥、0.7498g纯度为99.999%的氧化镓、0.1020g纯度为99.99%的氧化铝、0.0395g纯度为99.999%的氧化铬和0.0236g纯度为99.99%的氧化钕放入玛瑙研钵中。Or the overall content is the same as Scheme 1, except that 0.8700 g of gadolinium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.2109 g of lutetium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.7498 g of gallium oxide with a purity of 99.999%, 0.1020 g of aluminum oxide with a purity of 99.99%, 0.0395 g of chromium oxide with a purity of 99.999% and 0.0236 g of neodymium oxide with a purity of 99.99% are put into an agate mortar. 5.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的光学温度传感型近红外荧光粉的应用，其特征在于：将其应用于光学领域的温度指示中。5. An application of the optical temperature sensing near-infrared phosphor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is applied to temperature indication in the optical field. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种光学温度传感型近红外荧光粉的应用，其特征在于：所述温度指示的范围为300K至500K。6 . The use of an optical temperature sensing near-infrared phosphor according to claim 5 , wherein the temperature indication ranges from 300K to 500K.
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