CN118856111A - A special steel pipe, local surfacing equipment and surfacing process - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a special steel pipe, local surfacing equipment and surfacing technology, and relates to the technical field of steel pipe structures, wherein the main technical scheme is a special steel pipe, the special steel pipe comprises a pipe body, the pipe body comprises an inner contact part and an outer contact part, a surfacing layer is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner contact part, the central angle of the surfacing layer is 90-150 degrees, and the thickness of the surfacing layer is 0.5-5mm. The application has the advantages of improving the durability of the special steel pipe and reducing the economic loss caused by frequent replacement of the heat exchange pipeline.

Description

A special steel pipe, local surfacing equipment and surfacing process

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of steel pipe structures, and in particular to a special steel pipe, local cladding equipment and cladding process.

Background Art

Large steel mills often use super-large heat exchangers to cool high-temperature flue gas (the flue gas temperature is about 2000 degrees Celsius). The flue gas temperature is high, the smoke concentration is large, and it contains more impurities. The super-large heat exchanger uses a heat exchange pipe to introduce cooling water. The heat exchange pipe is composed of multiple special steel pipes arranged in a circle. Cooling water is introduced into each special steel pipe. The side of the special steel pipe facing the axis of the heat exchange pipe exchanges heat with the high-temperature flue gas to achieve cooling.

The special steel pipe includes an inner contact part and an outer contact part, wherein the surface of the inner contact part is in direct contact with the high-temperature flue gas, and the outer contact part is in contact with the external air.

Due to the temperature difference causing metal fatigue of special steel pipes and the oxidation and impact corrosion of high-temperature flue gas, the surface of the inner contact part of the special steel pipe is easily thinned. Therefore, after a period of time, the heat exchange pipe needs to be replaced. Replacement requires maintenance and shutdown, and the cost of replacement and shutdown is huge.

Summary of the invention

In order to improve the durability of special steel pipes and reduce the economic losses caused by frequent replacement of heat exchange pipes, the present application provides a special steel pipe, local surfacing equipment and surfacing process.

The present application provides a special steel pipe, which adopts the following technical solution:

A special steel pipe comprises a pipe body, wherein the pipe body comprises an inner contact portion and an outer contact portion, the outer peripheral surface of the inner contact portion is provided with a surfacing layer, the central angle of the surfacing layer is 90-150 degrees, and the thickness of the surfacing layer is 0.5-5 mm.

By adopting the above technical solution, a surfacing layer is provided to strengthen the thickness of the surface of the inner contact portion, thereby extending the time for the inner contact portion to be thinned to a limit thickness, thereby reducing the replacement frequency and lowering economic losses.

And by setting the position and angle of the cladding layer, the cladding layer can be effectively utilized to reduce unnecessary waste.

Optionally, the surface of the surfacing layer is concavely formed with a plurality of grooves, the length direction of the grooves is the axial direction of the tube body, and the grooves are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the surfacing layer.

By adopting the above technical solution and providing the grooves, the contact area between the surface of the cladding layer and the smoke is increased, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

Optionally, a first special-shaped fin, a second special-shaped fin, a plurality of first shunt blocks and a plurality of second shunt blocks are fixed on the surface of the surfacing layer, the first special-shaped fin and the second special-shaped fin are both inclined and wavy, the first shunt block and the second shunt block are located between the first special-shaped fin and the second special-shaped fin, each first shunt block and each second shunt block are arranged in an interlaced manner along the axial direction of the tube body, and adjacent first shunt blocks and second shunt blocks are arranged in a staggered manner in a vertical direction along the axial direction of the tube body, the first shunt block is located at the inner bend of the first special-shaped fin The first special-shaped fin and the second special-shaped fin both have a straight section and a curved section, and the gap between the first diverter block and the straight section of the first special-shaped fin is set as a first secondary flow channel, and the gap between the first diverter block and the curved section of the first special-shaped fin is set as a first return flow channel, and the gap between the first diverter block and the straight section of the second special-shaped fin is set as a first main flow channel, and the gap between the second diverter block and the straight section of the first special-shaped fin is set as a first secondary flow channel. The second main channel is set as the second secondary channel, the gap between the second diverter block and the straight section of the second special-shaped fin is set as the second secondary channel, and the gap between the second diverter block and the curved section of the second special-shaped fin is set as the second return channel; the inlet end of the first return channel is connected with the outlet end of the first secondary channel, the outlet end of the first return channel is connected with the outlet end of the first main channel, and the angle between the smoke direction in the first return channel and the smoke direction in the first main channel is an obtuse angle; the outlet end of the first main channel is simultaneously connected with the inlet ends of the second main channel and the second secondary channel, and the smoke direction of the first main channel is consistent with the smoke direction of the second secondary channel, the inlet end of the second return channel is connected with the outlet end of the second secondary channel, the outlet end of the second return channel is connected with the outlet end of the second main channel, the angle between the smoke direction in the second return channel and the smoke direction in the second main channel is an obtuse angle, the outlet end of the second main channel is simultaneously connected with the inlet ends of the next first main channel and the first secondary channel, and the smoke direction of the second main channel is consistent with the smoke direction of the next first secondary channel.

By adopting the above technical solution and providing the first special-shaped fin and the second special-shaped fin, the contact area with the flue gas can be increased, thereby greatly improving the cooling efficiency.

Secondly, by setting the specific shapes and positions of the first special-shaped fin, the second special-shaped fin, the multiple first diverter blocks and the multiple second diverter blocks, the first main flow channel, the first secondary flow channel, the first reflow channel, the second main flow channel, the second secondary flow channel and the second reflow channel are defined, so that the flue gas forms two streams, and the flue gas passing through the first reflow channel will collide with the flue gas in the first main flow channel. In this way, the flow time of the overall flue gas will be greatly reduced, thereby extending the heat exchange time to improve the cooling effect, and when the flue gas collide, the impact kinetic energy of the flue gas is reduced, thereby reducing the impact corrosion of the weld overlay layer, thereby greatly improving the durability of the weld overlay layer.

Moreover, since the smoke direction of the second main flow channel is consistent with the smoke direction of the first secondary flow channel, the smoke after being offset can flow into the next second main flow channel, so that the smoke maintains a certain kinetic energy and smoothness of movement, thereby reducing the impact corrosion of the smoke on the inner walls of the first special-shaped fin and the second special-shaped fin, thereby improving durability.

Optionally, the first shunt block and the second shunt block are both provided with a plane and an arc surface, the plane of the first shunt block is parallel to the straight line segment of the second special-shaped fin, the arc surface of the first shunt block faces the curved segment of the first special-shaped fin, the plane of the second shunt block is parallel to the straight line segment of the first special-shaped fin, and the arc surface of the second shunt block faces the curved segment of the second special-shaped fin; the first shunt block and the second shunt block both include a base, a first block and a second block, the base is fixed to the surface of the surfacing layer, the first block has the plane, the second block has the arc surface, the first block and the second block are both slidably connected to the base, and the first block faces the second block. A protective cover is also provided at one end of the two blocks, and the protective cover is sleeved on the second block. A compression spring is provided between the first block and the second block, and the elastic force of the compression spring is used to force the first block and the second block to slide away from each other; the surface of the base is protruded with a plurality of first limiting protrusions and a plurality of second limiting protrusions, wherein the first limiting protrusions are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the first block, and the first limiting protrusions are used to prevent the first block from sliding, and the protruding height of each first limiting protrusion gradually increases along the direction away from the second block; the second limiting protrusions are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the second block, and the second limiting protrusions are used to prevent the second block from sliding, and the protruding height of each second limiting protrusion gradually increases along the direction away from the first block.

When the flue gas scours and corrodes the plane and the curved segment, the curved segment becomes thinner and the first block becomes shorter, which causes the diameter size of the diverter channel and the return channel to increase, and the amount and flow rate of the refluxed flue gas are affected, and the hedging effect is reduced. By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the flue gas will not only impact and corrode the plane and the curved segment, but also the first limiting protrusion and the second limiting protrusion. Since the heights of the first limiting protrusion and the second limiting protrusion are different, the limiting protrusion with a smaller height will be impacted and corroded, so that the limiting protrusion loses its blocking effect. The first block and the second block will slide under the elastic force of the compression spring to abut against the limiting protrusion that has not been impacted and corroded. At this time, the first block and the second block move away from each other, the first block moves toward the straight section, and the second block moves toward the curved segment, so that the diameter size of the diverter channel and the return channel remains in a relatively stable state, thereby ensuring the amount and flow rate of the refluxed flue gas, and further ensuring the stability of the hedging effect.

Optionally, a slide groove is provided on the upper surface of the base, and the first block and the second block are both provided with a spring, a protrusion is fixed at one end of the spring, the protrusion is slidably connected to the slide groove, the protrusion is provided with a first rubber pad, and the first rubber pad abuts against the bottom of the slide groove; the first block and the second block are both provided with a guide surface.

By adopting the above technical solution and providing the first rubber pad, when the first block slides due to the impact of smoke, the first rubber pad and the bottom of the slide groove move relative to each other to generate friction and heat, so as to buffer and reduce the impact force of the smoke, thereby reducing damage to the first block.

By setting the guide surface and the spring, when the limiting protrusion is not completely impact-corroded and a small part is left, the guide surface abuts against the small part of the limiting protrusion, and guides the first block or the second block to move upward to avoid the limiting protrusion, so that the sliding of the first block or the second block is smoother.

Optionally, it also includes a buffer and shock absorbing component, the inner contact part and the outer contact part are separately arranged, the inner contact part and the outer contact part are both semicircular, the outer circumferential surface of the inner contact part is provided with a plurality of inclined fins arranged at intervals, the inclination direction of the inclined fins is inclined toward the direction of smoke movement, the buffer and shock absorbing components are provided with two, and the two buffer and shock absorbing components are respectively arranged at two gaps between the inner contact part and the outer contact part; the buffer and shock absorbing component includes a first offset piece, a second offset piece, a tension spring, a prestressed bolt and a force transmission strip, the first offset piece, the second offset piece and the force transmission strip are all parallel to the axial direction of the tube body, the upper side of the first offset piece is welded to the side surface of the inner contact part, there is a gap between the lower side of the first offset piece and the side surface of the outer contact part, and the second offset piece Relative to the first offset piece, the second offset piece is arranged close to the axis of the tube body, the lower side of the second offset piece is welded to the side of the outer contact part, and a gap is provided between the upper side of the second offset piece and the side of the inner contact part; the edges of the sides of the outer contact part and the inner contact part close to the axis of the tube body are provided with a first chamfer, and the upper and lower sides of the force transmission strip are provided with a second chamfer, the second chamfer is covered with a second rubber pad, and the second rubber pad is fitted with the first chamfer; the tension spring is arranged to extend radially along the tube body, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the force transmission strip, and the other end of the tension spring is rotatably connected to the prestressed bolt, and the prestressed bolt is threadedly connected to the second offset piece; the side of the force transmission strip facing away from the second offset piece is protruded with strip-shaped helical teeth, and the inclination direction of the helical teeth is the flow direction of the cooling medium.

By adopting the above technical solution, when the smoke flows, the impact force of the smoke is converted into pressure that forces the inner contact part to move downward through the inclined fins. When the inner contact part moves downward, the first chamfer and the second chamfer are coordinated to force the force transmission strip to move toward the axial direction of the tube body. During this period, the tension spring is stretched and the second rubber pad slides relative to the first chamfer, thereby buffering and consuming the impact force of the smoke, thereby reducing the impact corrosion of the smoke impact force on the surfacing layer.

Furthermore, by providing the bevel teeth, the impact force of the cooling water in the tube body will be converted into a pressure forcing the force transmission strip to move away from the axis of the tube body. This pressure forces the second rubber pad to fit more closely with the first chamfer, thereby improving the sealing performance and assisting in buffering the impact force of the smoke.

The local cladding equipment provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

A local cladding device comprises a frame, an electric welder, a welding gun, a wire feeding mechanism, a feeding head, a clamping mechanism, an oscillator, a cross adjustment mechanism, a mounting seat, a rotating beam and an angle adjustment mechanism, wherein the frame is provided with a track, a traveling vehicle is provided on the track, the electric welder and the wire feeding mechanism are located on the traveling vehicle, the feeding head and the welding gun are both installed on the swinging end of the oscillator, the main body of the oscillator is installed on the mounting seat, the mounting seat is connected to the traveling vehicle through a cross adjustment mechanism, and the cross adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the horizontal and height positions of the oscillator; the rotating beam is parallel to the track, the rotating beam is located below the welding gun, the rotating beam is rotatably connected to the frame, the clamping mechanism is used to eccentrically fix a pipe body to the rotating beam, and the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the rotation angle of the rotating beam.

By adopting the above technical solution, the pipe body is fixed on the rotating beam by a clamping mechanism to reduce the surfacing deformation of the pipe body, and then the welding gun is located directly above the position of the pipe body to be surfacing through the cross adjustment mechanism and the angle adjustment mechanism, and the distance between the two is adjusted, and then the surfacing begins. The oscillator drives the welding gun and the feed head to reciprocate for a short distance to evenly surfacing a certain width of the surfacing layer, and the traveling car drives the welding gun and the feed head to move axially to complete the first surfacing layer.

After the first weld overlay layer is completed, the traveler returns to the starting position, and then through the cross adjustment mechanism and the angle adjustment mechanism, the welding gun is located directly above the position of the second weld overlay layer to be welded on the pipe body to complete the second weld overlay layer. The weld overlay is completed in sequence to complete multiple weld overlay layers to meet the width requirements of the weld overlay layer.

In this way, by setting the specific structure of the local cladding equipment, not only local cladding can be achieved, but also step-by-step cladding can be achieved to improve the forming quality of the cladding layer and effectively control the penetration depth.

Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes multiple groups of clamps and two pressure plates, the two pressure plates are respectively used to press the two ends of the tube body against the surface of the rotating beam, and the pressure plates are fixed to the rotating beam by bolts; each group of clamps is arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating beam, a group of clamps includes two clamps, the two clamps are symmetrically arranged, the clamps are fixed to the rotating beam by bolts, and the two clamps are used to apply force from both radial sides of the tube body to clamp the tube body.

By adopting the above technical solution, the high-temperature welding deformation of the pipe body can be reduced.

Optionally, the cross adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal adjustment arm, a slide, a first screw rod, and a second screw rod, wherein one end of the horizontal adjustment arm is fixedly connected to the traveling vehicle, the first screw rod is parallel to and rotationally connected to the horizontal adjustment arm, the slide is slidingly connected to the horizontal adjustment arm along the length direction of the horizontal adjustment arm, and the first screw rod is threadedly connected to the slide; the mounting seat is vertically slidingly connected to the slide, the second screw rod is vertically arranged, the second screw rod is rotationally connected to the slide, and the second screw rod is threadedly connected to the mounting seat.

A surfacing process provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

A cladding process, during the first welding commissioning, the welding parameters of pipes of various specifications, as well as the swing width and swing speed of an oscillator are commissioned through a PLC control box; after the commissioning is completed, the pipe body is fixed on a rotating beam by a clamping mechanism, and then the welding gun is positioned directly above the position of the pipe body to be clad by a cross adjustment mechanism and an angle adjustment mechanism, and the vertical spacing between the welding gun and the pipe body is adjusted; when cladding begins, the oscillator drives the welding gun and the feed head to move back and forth for a short distance, and the traveling vehicle moves along a track at the same time, so as to uniformly clad the first cladding layer, during which the cladding position is observed through an observation plate, and the position of the welding gun and the pipe body is finely adjusted by a cross adjustment mechanism to ensure the straightness of the welding; after the first cladding layer is completed, the traveling vehicle returns to the starting position, and then the cross adjustment mechanism and the angle adjustment mechanism are used to position the welding gun directly above the position of the second cladding layer of the pipe body to be clad, and the above process is repeated to complete the second cladding layer; cladding is performed in sequence to complete multiple cladding layers.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

By setting a surfacing layer to strengthen the thickness of the surface of the inner contact part, the time for the inner contact part to be thinned to the limit thickness is extended, thereby reducing the replacement frequency and reducing economic losses;

By setting the specific shapes and positions of the first special-shaped fin, the second special-shaped fin, the plurality of first flow diverter blocks and the plurality of second flow diverter blocks, the first main flow channel, the first secondary flow channel, the second main flow channel, the second secondary flow channel and the second return flow channel are defined, so that the flue gas forms two flows, and the flue gas passing through the first return flow channel will counteract the flue gas in the first main flow channel, so that the flow time of the overall flue gas will be greatly slowed down, thereby extending the heat exchange time to improve the cooling effect, and when the flue gas counteracts, the impact kinetic energy of the flue gas is reduced, thereby reducing the impact corrosion of the cladding layer, thereby greatly improving the durability of the cladding layer;

By setting the specific structure of the local cladding equipment, not only local cladding can be achieved, but also step-by-step cladding can be achieved to improve the forming quality of the cladding layer and effectively control the penetration depth.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a cross-sectional view of a special steel pipe according to Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a local cladding device of Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a local cladding device according to Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the local cladding equipment of Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of the local cladding equipment of Example 1. FIG.

FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of a special steel pipe according to Example 2. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a top view of the special steel pipe of Example 3. FIG.

FIG8 is a partial schematic diagram of the special steel pipe of Example 3.

FIG. 9 is a partial schematic diagram of the special steel pipe of Example 4. FIG.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the A-A direction in Fig. 9 .

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the first diverter block of Example 5. FIG.

FIG. 12 is a partial enlarged view of point B in FIG. 11 .

FIG13 is a cross-sectional view of a special steel pipe of Example 6. FIG.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a weld overlay layer of Example 6. FIG.

FIG. 15 is a partial enlarged view of point C in FIG. 13 .

Figure 16 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the force transmission strip of Example 6.

Description of the accompanying drawings: 1, frame; 2, cross adjustment mechanism; 3, first special-shaped fin; 5, second special-shaped fin; 6, first shunt block; 7, second shunt block; 8, buffer shock absorption assembly; 10, tube body; 100, inner contact portion; 200, outer contact portion; 201, first chamfer; 101, cladding layer; 102, groove; 103, inclined fin; 11, track; 111, traveling vehicle; 112, electric welding machine; 113, wire feeding mechanism; 114, welding gun; 115, feeding head; 12, rotating beam; 121, rotating seat; 123, angle adjustment mechanism; 124, clamping plate; 125, pressing plate; 13, observation plate; 131, abutment rod; 21, horizontal adjustment arm; 22, sliding seat; 23, first screw rod; 24, second screw rod; 25 , mounting seat; 26, oscillator; 31, straight section; 32, curved section; 33, first main flow channel; 34, first secondary flow channel; 35, first return flow channel; 51, second main flow channel; 52, second secondary flow channel; 53, second return flow channel; 61, plane; 62, arc surface; 71, first block; 711, protective cover; 712, protrusion; 713, compression spring; 714, spring; 715, first rubber pad; 716, guide surface; 72, second block; 73, base; 731, slide groove; 74, first limiting protrusion; 75, second limiting protrusion; 81, first offset piece; 82, second offset piece; 83, force transmission strip; 831, second chamfer; 832, second rubber pad; 84, tension spring; 85, oblique teeth; 86, prestressed bolt.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 1-16.

Example

Example 1 discloses a special steel pipe. Referring to FIG. 1 , the special steel pipe includes a pipe body 10 . The pipe body 10 includes an inner contact portion 100 and an outer contact portion 200 , wherein the inner contact portion 100 is a portion of the pipe body 10 that directly contacts with flue gas.

The outer peripheral surface of the inner contact part 100 is provided with a surfacing layer 101 , the central angle of the surfacing layer 101 is 90-150°, the thickness of the surfacing layer 101 is 0.5-5 mm, and the arc length direction of the surfacing layer 101 is set as the width direction of the surfacing layer 101 .

By providing the overlay layer 101 , the thickness of the surface of the inner contact portion 100 is enhanced, so as to extend the time for the inner contact portion 100 to be thinned to a limit thickness, thereby reducing the replacement frequency and lowering the economic loss.

Furthermore, by setting the position and angle of the cladding layer 101 , the cladding layer 101 can be effectively utilized to reduce unnecessary waste.

Example 1 also discloses a local cladding equipment for processing the above-mentioned cladding layer 101. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the local cladding equipment includes a frame 1, an electric welder 112, a welding gun 114, a wire feeding mechanism 113, a feeding head 115, a clamping mechanism, an oscillator 26, a cross adjustment mechanism 2, a mounting seat 25, a rotating beam 12 and an angle adjustment mechanism 123.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the rotating beam 12 is horizontally arranged, and the two ends of the rotating beam 12 are connected to the frame 1 for relative rotation through a rotating seat 121. The cross-section of the rotating beam 12 is square, and the angle adjustment mechanism 123 is used to adjust the rotation angle of the rotating beam 12. The angle adjustment mechanism 123 can be a worm gear reducer, and the worm gear reducer can be automatically or manually controlled.

The tube body 10 is parallel to the rotating beam 12 . The tube body 10 is mounted on the surface of the rotating beam 12 through a clamping mechanism. The tube body 10 and the rotating beam 12 are not coaxial, that is, the tube body 10 and the rotating beam 12 are eccentrically fixed.

The clamping mechanism includes multiple groups of clamping plates 124 and two pressure plates 125. The two pressure plates 125 are respectively used to press the two ends of the tube body 10 on the surface of the rotating beam 12. The pressure plates 125 are fixed to the rotating beam 12 by bolts. The pressure plates 125 are used to reduce the end deformation and vibration of the tube body 10 during the surfacing process.

Each group of clamps 124 is arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating beam 12. A group of clamps 124 includes two clamps 124. The two clamps 124 are symmetrically arranged with the tube body 10 as the center. The clamps 124 are fixed to the rotating beam 12 by bolts. The two clamps 124 are used to apply force from both radial sides of the tube body 10 to clamp the tube body 10, so as to reduce the radial deviation of the rotating beam 12, while also avoiding local surfacing.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, a track 11 is provided on the frame 1. The track 11 is parallel to the rotating beam 12 and is higher than the rotating beam 12. A trolley 111 is provided on the track 11. The trolley 111 can move along the length direction of the track 11. It can be mechanically driven or manually pushed. The electric welder 112 and the wire feeding mechanism 113 are located on the trolley 111. The wire feeding mechanism 113 is used to deliver the welding wire. At the same time, a PLC control box (not shown in the figure) is also provided on the trolley 111 to control the operating parameters of the trolley 111, the wire feeding mechanism 113 and the oscillator 26.

The cross adjustment mechanism 2 includes a horizontal adjustment arm 21, a slide 22, a first screw rod 23 and a second screw rod 24, wherein the horizontal adjustment arm 21 is arranged horizontally and vertically with the rotating beam 12, one end of the horizontal adjustment arm 21 is fixedly connected to the traveling vehicle 111, the first screw rod 23 is arranged parallel to the horizontal adjustment arm 21, and the first screw rod 23 is rotatably connected to the horizontal adjustment arm 21.

The slide 22 is slidably connected to the horizontal adjustment arm 21 along the length direction of the horizontal adjustment arm 21 , and the first screw rod 23 is threadedly connected to the slide 22 , that is, the horizontal position of the slide 22 can be adjusted by rotating the first screw rod 23 .

The mounting seat 25 is vertically slidably connected to the slide 22, the second screw rod 24 is vertically arranged, the second screw rod 24 is rotatably connected to the slide 22, and the second screw rod 24 is threadedly connected to the mounting seat 25, that is, by rotating the second screw rod 24, the vertical height of the mounting seat 25 can be adjusted. In this way, combined with the first screw rod 23, the horizontal position and height position of the mounting seat 25 can be adjusted.

The main body of the oscillator 26 is mounted on the mounting seat 25 , and the feed head 115 and the welding gun 114 are both mounted on the swing end of the oscillator 26 , and the welding gun 114 and the feed head 115 are located directly above the pipe body 10 .

Moreover, in order to observe the surfacing welding situation in real time, as shown in FIG2 , the local surfacing welding equipment also includes an observation plate 13, which is slidably arranged with the frame 1, and the sliding direction of the observation plate 13 is parallel to the length direction of the track 11. An abutment rod 131 is provided on one side of the observation plate 13, and the abutment rod 131 abuts against one side of the horizontal adjustment arm 21. The observation plate 13 is used to reduce the strong light during the surfacing welding process.

This embodiment also discloses a cladding process based on the above-mentioned local cladding equipment: firstly, the welding parameters of the tube body 10, the swing width and the swing speed of the oscillator 26 are adjusted through the PLC control box.

After debugging is completed, the pipe body 10 is fixed to the rotating beam 12 by a clamping mechanism to reduce the surfacing deformation of the pipe body 10 .

Through the cross adjustment mechanism 2 and the angle adjustment mechanism 123, the angle adjustment mechanism 123 is used to rotate the position of the pipe body 10 to be welded to an upward state, and the cross adjustment mechanism 2 adjusts the welding gun 114 to be located directly above the position of the pipe body 10 to be welded, and adjusts the distance between the two.

When the surfacing welding starts, the oscillator 26 drives the welding gun 114 and the feed head 115 to move back and forth for a short distance (the feed head 115 is used to guide the welding wire of the wire feeding mechanism 113) to evenly surfacing a certain width of the surfacing layer 101, and the traveling vehicle 111 drives the welding gun 114 and the feed head 115 to move axially to complete the first surfacing layer 101. During this period, the surfacing position is observed through the observation plate 13, and the cross adjustment mechanism 2 is used to fine-tune the position of the welding gun 114 and the tube body 10 to ensure the straightness of the welding.

After the first weld overlay layer 101 is completed, the carriage 111 returns to the starting position, and then passes through the cross adjustment mechanism 2 and the angle adjustment mechanism 123. The angle adjustment mechanism 123 is used to rotate the position of the pipe body 10 to be welded to an upward state (the weld overlay position is located on one side of the first weld overlay layer 101). The cross adjustment mechanism 2 adjusts the welding gun 114 to be located directly above the position of the pipe body 10 to be welded, and adjusts the distance between the two. Then the carriage 111 moves and performs weld overlay to complete the second weld overlay layer 101. Repeat the above steps to complete multiple weld overlay layers 101 in sequence to meet the width requirement of the weld overlay layer 101.

After the surfacing is completed, the clamping mechanism is released and the pipe body 10 is removed.

In this way, by setting the specific structure and specific process of the local cladding equipment, not only local cladding can be achieved, but also step-by-step cladding can be achieved to improve the forming quality of the cladding layer 101 and effectively control the penetration depth.

Example

The difference between the special steel pipe of Example 2 and Example 1 is that, as shown in Figure 6, the surface of the surfacing layer 101 is concavely formed with multiple grooves 102, the length direction of the groove 102 is the axial direction of the pipe body 10, and the grooves 102 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the surfacing layer 101.

The grooves 102 are provided to increase the contact area between the surface of the cladding layer 101 and the flue gas, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

The forming of the groove 102 can also be achieved by the local cladding equipment of Example 1, and the forming method is that between the previous cladding layer 101 and the next cladding layer 101, the rotation angle of the rotating beam 12 is slightly larger, so that the width gap between the next cladding layer 101 and the previous cladding layer 101 is increased, and the overlapping part between the two is reduced. The thin edge of the cladding layer 101 is used to form a depression, thereby forming the groove 102.

Example

The difference between the special steel pipe of Example 3 and Example 1 is that, as shown in Figures 7 and 8 (the arrows in the figures indicate the direction of flue gas flow), a first special-shaped fin 3, a second special-shaped fin 5, a plurality of first diverter blocks 6 and a plurality of second diverter blocks 7 are fixed on the surface of the cladding layer 101, and the first special-shaped fin 3, the second special-shaped fin 5, the plurality of first diverter blocks 6 and the plurality of second diverter blocks 7 are all made of the same material as the tube body 10, and the first special-shaped fin 3, the second special-shaped fin 5, the plurality of first diverter blocks 6 and the plurality of second diverter blocks 7 can be fixed by welding.

The first special-shaped fin 3 and the second special-shaped fin 5 are both inclined and wavy. The first diverter block 6 and the second diverter block 7 are located between the first special-shaped fin 3 and the second special-shaped fin 5. The first diverter blocks 6 and the second diverter blocks 7 are arranged in an alternating manner along the axial direction of the tube body 10, and the adjacent first diverter blocks 6 and the second diverter blocks 7 are arranged in an offset manner in the vertical direction along the axial direction of the tube body 10. The first diverter block 6 is located at the inner bend arc of the first special-shaped fin 3, and the second diverter block 7 is located at the inner bend arc of the second special-shaped fin 5.

Since the first special-shaped fin 3 and the second special-shaped fin 5 have a large contact area with the flue gas, the heat of the flue gas can be absorbed and transferred to the cladding layer 101 and the tube body 10, thereby greatly improving the cooling efficiency.

The first special-shaped fin 3 and the second special-shaped fin 5 both have a straight section 31 and a curved section 32, the first diverter block 6 and the second diverter block 7 are both provided with a plane 61 and an arc surface 62, the plane 61 of the first diverter block 6 is parallel to the straight section 31 of the second special-shaped fin 5, the arc surface 62 of the first diverter block 6 faces the curved section 32 of the first special-shaped fin 3, the plane 61 of the second diverter block 7 is parallel to the straight section 31 of the first special-shaped fin 3, and the arc surface 62 of the second diverter block 7 faces the curved section 32 of the second special-shaped fin 5.

The gap between the first diverter block 6 and the straight section 31 of the first special-shaped fin 3 is set as the first secondary flow channel 34, the gap between the first diverter block 6 and the curved section 32 of the first special-shaped fin 3 is set as the first return flow channel 35, the gap between the first diverter block 6 and the straight section 31 of the second special-shaped fin 5 is set as the first main flow channel 33, the gap between the second diverter block 7 and the straight section 31 of the first special-shaped fin 3 is set as the second main flow channel 51, the gap between the second diverter block 7 and the straight section 31 of the second special-shaped fin 5 is set as the second secondary flow channel 52, and the gap between the second diverter block 7 and the curved section 32 of the second special-shaped fin 5 is set as the second return flow channel 53.

The inlet end of the first reflow channel 35 is connected to the outlet end of the first secondary flow channel 34, and the outlet end of the first reflow channel 35 is connected to the outlet end of the first main flow channel 33. The angle between the smoke direction in the first reflow channel 35 and the smoke direction in the first main flow channel 33 is an obtuse angle.

The outlet end of the first main channel 33 is connected with the inlet end of the second main channel 51 and the second secondary channel 52 at the same time, and the smoke direction of the first main channel 33 is consistent with the smoke direction of the second secondary channel 52, the inlet end of the second return channel 53 is connected with the outlet end of the second secondary channel 52, and the outlet end of the second return channel 53 is connected with the outlet end of the second main channel 51, and the angle between the smoke direction in the second return channel 53 and the smoke direction in the second main channel 51 is an obtuse angle.

The outlet end of the second main flow channel 51 is connected to the inlet ends of the next first main flow channel 33 and the first secondary flow channel 34 at the same time, and the smoke direction of the second main flow channel 51 is consistent with the smoke direction of the next first secondary flow channel 34 .

The first special-shaped fin 3, the second special-shaped fin 5, the first flow blocks 6 and the second flow blocks 7 are set in specific shapes and positions to define the first main channel 33, the first secondary channel 34, the first return channel 35, the second main channel 51, the second secondary channel 52 and the second return channel 53. During the flow of flue gas on the surface of the tube body 10, the flue gas will be separated by the first flow block 6 to form two flows, and the two flows enter the first main channel 33 and the first secondary channel 34 respectively. The flue gas in the first secondary channel 34 changes direction through the first return channel 35, so that the flue gas passing through the first return channel 35 will collide with the flue gas in the first main channel 33. In this way, the flow time of the whole flue gas will be greatly slowed down, thereby extending the heat exchange time to improve the cooling effect. When the flue gas is collided, the impact kinetic energy of the flue gas is reduced, thereby reducing the impact corrosion of the cladding layer 101, thereby greatly improving the durability of the cladding layer 101.

The flue gas after the offset is again separated by the second diversion block 7 into two diversions, which enter the second main channel 51 and the second secondary channel 52 respectively. The flue gas in the second secondary channel 52 changes direction through the second return channel 53, so that the flue gas passing through the second return channel 53 will offset the flue gas in the second main channel 51, and the flue gas after the offset enters the next first main channel 33 and the first secondary channel 34 again, that is, the flowing flue gas is continuously diverted and offset, which greatly prolongs the heat exchange time and reduces the impact kinetic energy of the flue gas, thereby greatly improving the durability of the weld overlay layer 101.

Moreover, since the smoke direction of the second main flow channel 51 is consistent with the smoke direction of the first secondary flow channel 34, the smoke after being offset can flow into the next second main flow channel 51, so that the smoke maintains a certain kinetic energy and smoothness of movement, thereby reducing the impact corrosion of the smoke on the inner walls of the first special-shaped fin 3 and the second special-shaped fin 5, thereby improving durability.

Example

The difference between Example 4 and Example 3 lies in that, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the first diverter block 6 and the second diverter block 7 both include a base 73, a first block 71 and a second block 72, the base 73 is welded and fixed to the surface of the surfacing layer 101, the plane 61 is located on the first block 71, the arc surface 62 is located on the second block 72, the first block 71 and the second block 72 are both slidably connected to the base 73, specifically, a slide groove 731 is provided on the surface of the base 73, the first block 71 and the second block 72 are both fixed with a protrusion 712, and the protrusion 712 is slidably connected to the slide groove 731, and preferably, the cross-sections of the slide groove 731 and the protrusion 712 are both T-shaped to reduce the occurrence of detachment.

A protective cover 711 is also fixed to one end of the first block 71 facing the second block 72. The protective cover 711 is sleeved on the second block 72 to reduce the intrusion of smoke between the first block 71 and the second block 72. A compression spring 713 is provided between the first block 71 and the second block 72. The elastic force of the compression spring 713 is used to force the first block 71 and the second block 72 to slide away from each other.

The surface of the base 73 is protruded with a plurality of first limiting protrusions 74 and a plurality of second limiting protrusions 75. The first limiting protrusions 74 are located on one side of the plane 61. The first limiting protrusions 74 are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the first block 71. The first limiting protrusions 74 are used to prevent the first block 71 from sliding. The protruding height of each first limiting protrusion 74 gradually increases in the direction away from the second block 72.

The second limiting protrusions 75 are located on one side of the arc surface 62 , and are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the second block 72 . The second limiting protrusions 75 are used to prevent the second block 72 from sliding, and the protruding height of each second limiting protrusion 75 gradually increases in the direction away from the first block 71 .

When the flue gas scours and corrodes the plane 61 and the curved segment 32, the curved segment 32 becomes thinner and the first block 71 becomes shorter, thereby increasing the diameter of the branch channel and the return channel, affecting the amount and flow rate of the return flue gas, and reducing the impact effect. Through the above technical solution, when the flue gas impacts and corrodes the plane 61 and the curved segment 32, it will also impact and corrode the first limiting protrusion 74 and the second limiting protrusion 75. Since the heights of the first limiting protrusion 74 and the second limiting protrusion 75 are different, the limiting protrusion with a smaller height will be The impact corrosion causes the limiting protrusion to lose its blocking effect, and the first block 71 and the second block 72 will slide under the elastic force of the compression spring 713 to abut against the limiting protrusion that has not been impact-corroded. At this time, the first block 71 and the second block 72 move apart, and the first block 71 moves toward the straight section 31, and the second block 72 moves toward the curved section 32, so that the diameter size of the branch channel and the return channel remains in a relatively stable state, thereby ensuring the amount and flow rate of the reflux flue gas, and further ensuring the stability of the impact effect.

Example

The difference between Example 5 and Example 4 lies in that, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, the first block 71 and the second block 72 are both provided with a spring 714, and the other end of the spring 714 is fixedly connected to the protrusion 712, that is, the first block 71 and the second block 72 are indirectly connected to the protrusion 712 through the spring 714, respectively, so that the first block 71 and the second block 72 have vertical elastic displacement capabilities.

The protrusion 712 is provided with a first rubber pad 715 , and the first rubber pad 715 abuts against the bottom of the sliding groove 731 .

The first block 71 and the second block 72 are both provided with a guide surface 716 .

When the first block 71 slides due to the impact of smoke, the first rubber pad 715 and the bottom of the slide groove 731 move relative to each other to generate heat through friction, so as to buffer and reduce the impact force of the smoke, thereby reducing damage to the first block 71 .

When the limiting protrusion is not completely impact-corroded and a small part is left, under the action of the compression spring 713, the guide surface 716 of the first block 71 or the second block 72 abuts against the small part of the limiting protrusion, and the guide surface 716 will guide the first block 71 or the second block 72 to move upward to avoid the limiting protrusion, so that the sliding of the first block 71 or the second block 72 is smoother.

Example

The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that, as shown in Figures 13 and 14, the inner contact portion 100 and the outer contact portion 200 are separately arranged, both of which are semicircular arc-shaped, and there is a gap between the inner contact portion 100 and the outer contact portion 200.

The outer peripheral surface of the inner contact portion 100 is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart inclined fins 103 , and the inclined direction of the inclined fins 103 is inclined toward the moving direction of the smoke.

As shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 15 , the special steel pipe further includes a buffer shock absorbing component 8 , and two buffer shock absorbing components 8 are provided. The two buffer shock absorbing components 8 are respectively provided at two gaps between the inner contact portion 100 and the outer contact portion 200 .

As shown in Figure 15, the buffer shock absorbing assembly 8 includes a first offset piece 81, a second offset piece 82, a tension spring 84, a prestressed bolt 86 and a force transmission strip 83. The first offset piece 81, the second offset piece 82 and the force transmission strip 83 are all parallel to the axial direction of the tube body 10. The upper side of the first offset piece 81 is welded to the side of the inner contact part 100, and there is a gap between the lower side of the first offset piece 81 and the side of the outer contact part 200. The second offset piece 82 is arranged close to the axis of the tube body 10 relative to the first offset piece 81, and the lower side of the second offset piece 82 is welded to the side of the outer contact part 200. There is a gap between the upper side of the second offset piece 82 and the side of the inner contact part 100.

The edges of the sides of the outer contact portion 200 and the inner contact portion 100 close to the axis of the tube body 10 are both provided with a first chamfer 201, and the upper and lower sides of the force transmission strip 83 are both provided with a second chamfer 831, and the second chamfer 831 is covered and fixed with a second rubber pad 832, and the second rubber pad 832 is in contact with the first chamfer 201.

The tension spring 84 is radially extended along the tube body 10, one end of the tension spring 84 is fixedly connected to the force transmission strip 83, and the other end of the tension spring 84 is rotatably connected to the prestressed bolt 86, and the prestressed bolt 86 is threadedly connected to the second offset piece 82. By rotating the prestressed bolt 86, the elastic force of the tension spring 84 can be adjusted to force the force transmission strip 83 to fit more closely with the first chamfer 201.

As shown in FIG. 16 , the side surface of the force transmission strip 83 facing away from the second offset strip 82 is protrudingly configured with strip-shaped oblique teeth 85 , and the inclination direction of the oblique teeth 85 is the flow direction of the cooling medium.

When the smoke flows, the impact force of the smoke is converted into pressure forcing the inner contact part 100 to move downward through the inclined fins 103. When the inner contact part 100 moves downward, the first chamfer 201 and the second chamfer 831 cooperate to force the force transmission strip 83 to move toward the axial direction of the tube body 10. During this period, the tension spring 84 is stretched and the second rubber pad 832 slides relative to the first chamfer 201, thereby buffering and consuming the impact force of the smoke, thereby reducing the impact corrosion of the smoke impact force on the surfacing layer 101.

Furthermore, by providing the bevel teeth 85, the impact force of the cooling water in the tube body 10 will be converted into a pressure forcing the force transmission strip 83 to move away from the axis of the tube body 10. This pressure forces the second rubber pad 832 to fit more closely with the first chamfer 201, thereby improving the sealing performance and assisting in buffering the impact force of the smoke.

The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A special steel pipe, characterized in that: it comprises a pipe body (10), the pipe body (10) comprises an inner contact portion (100) and an outer contact portion (200), the outer peripheral surface of the inner contact portion (100) is provided with a surfacing layer (101), the central angle of the surfacing layer (101) is 90-150°, and the thickness of the surfacing layer (101) is 0.5-5 mm; the surface of the surfacing layer (101) is fixed with a first special-shaped fin (3), a second special-shaped fin (5), a plurality of first diverter blocks (6) and a plurality of second diverter blocks (7), the first special-shaped fin (3) and the second special-shaped fin (5) are both inclined and wavy, the first diverter block (6) and the second diverter block (7) are located between the first special-shaped fin (3) and the second special-shaped fin (5), and each first diverter block (6) and each second diverter block (7) The first shunt block (6) and the second shunt block (7) are arranged in a staggered manner along the axial direction of the tube body (10), and the adjacent first shunt block (6) and the second shunt block (7) are arranged in a staggered manner along the axial direction vertical to the tube body (10), the first shunt block (6) is located at the inner bend of the first special-shaped fin (3), and the second shunt block (7) is located at the inner bend of the second special-shaped fin (5); the first special-shaped fin (3) and the second special-shaped fin (5) both have a straight section (31) and a curved section (32), the gap between the first shunt block (6) and the straight section (31) of the first special-shaped fin (3) is set as a first secondary flow channel (34), the gap between the first shunt block (6) and the curved section (32) of the first special-shaped fin (3) is set as a first return flow channel (35), and the first shunt block (6) and the second special-shaped fin (3) are connected to each other. The gap between the straight sections (31) of the fins (5) is set as the first main channel (33), the gap between the second diverter block (7) and the straight section (31) of the first special-shaped fin (3) is set as the second main channel (51), the gap between the second diverter block (7) and the straight section (31) of the second special-shaped fin (5) is set as the second secondary channel (52), and the gap between the second diverter block (7) and the curved section (32) of the second special-shaped fin (5) is set as the second return channel (53); the inlet end of the first return channel (35) is connected to the outlet end of the first secondary channel (34), the outlet end of the first return channel (35) is connected to the outlet end of the first main channel (33), and the direction of smoke in the first return channel (35) is different from the direction of smoke in the first main channel (33). The angle is an obtuse angle; the outlet end of the first main channel (33) is simultaneously connected to the inlet ends of the second main channel (51) and the second secondary channel (52), and the smoke direction of the first main channel (33) is consistent with the smoke direction of the second secondary channel (52); the inlet end of the second return channel (53) is connected to the outlet end of the second secondary channel (52), and the outlet end of the second return channel (53) is connected to the outlet end of the second main channel (51); the angle between the smoke direction in the second return channel (53) and the smoke direction in the second main channel (51) is an obtuse angle; the outlet end of the second main channel (51) is simultaneously connected to the inlet ends of the next first main channel (33) and the first secondary channel (34), and the smoke direction of the second main channel (51) is consistent with the smoke direction of the next first secondary channel (34). 2. The special steel pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the surface of the surfacing layer (101) is concavely formed with a plurality of grooves (102), the length direction of the grooves (102) is the axial direction of the tube body (10), and the grooves (102) are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the surfacing layer (101). 3. The special steel pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first diverter block (6) and the second diverter block (7) are both provided with a plane (61) and an arc surface (62), the plane (61) of the first diverter block (6) is parallel to the straight line segment (31) of the second special-shaped fin (5), the arc surface (62) of the first diverter block (6) faces the curved arc segment (32) of the first special-shaped fin (3), and the plane (61) of the second diverter block (7) is parallel to the straight line segment (31) of the first special-shaped fin (3). , the arc surface (62) of the second shunt block (7) faces the curved arc section (32) of the second special-shaped fin (5); the first shunt block (6) and the second shunt block (7) both comprise a base (73), a first block (71) and a second block (72); the base (73) is fixed to the surface of the cladding layer (101); the first block (71) has the plane (61); the second block (72) has the arc surface (62); the first block (71) and the second block (72) are both connected to the base ( 73) sliding connection, one end of the first block (71) facing the second block (72) is also provided with a protective sleeve (711), the protective sleeve (711) is sleeved on the second block (72), a compression spring (713) is provided between the first block (71) and the second block (72), the elastic force of the compression spring (713) is used to force the first block (71) and the second block (72) to slide away from each other; the surface of the base (73) is protruded with a plurality of first limiting protrusions (74) and a plurality of second limiting protrusions (75), wherein each first limiting protrusion (74) is provided with a plurality of second limiting protrusions (75), wherein each first limiting protrusion (74) is provided with a plurality of first ... A limiting protrusion (74) is arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the first block (71), the first limiting protrusion (74) is used to prevent the first block (71) from sliding, and the protruding height of each first limiting protrusion (74) gradually increases along the direction away from the second block (72); each second limiting protrusion (75) is arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the second block (72), the second limiting protrusion (75) is used to prevent the second block (72) from sliding, and the protruding height of each second limiting protrusion (75) gradually increases along the direction away from the first block (71). 4. The special steel pipe according to claim 3 is characterized in that: a slide groove (731) is provided on the upper surface of the base (73), the first block (71) and the second block (72) are both provided with a spring (714), a protrusion (712) is fixed at one end of the spring (714), the protrusion (712) is slidably connected to the slide groove (731), the protrusion (712) is provided with a first rubber pad (715), and the first rubber pad (715) abuts against the bottom of the slide groove (731); the first block (71) and the second block (72) are both provided with a guide surface (716). 5. The special steel pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: it also includes a buffer shock absorbing component (8), the inner contact part (100) and the outer contact part (200) are separately arranged, the inner contact part (100) and the outer contact part (200) are both semicircular arc-shaped, the outer circumferential surface of the inner contact part (100) is provided with a plurality of spaced inclined fins (103), the inclined direction of the inclined fins (103) is inclined toward the direction of smoke movement, the buffer shock absorbing components (8) are provided in two, and the two buffer shock absorbing components (8) are respectively arranged on the inner contact part (100) and the outer contact part (200). The buffer shock absorbing assembly (8) comprises a first offset piece (81), a second offset piece (82), a tension spring (84), a prestressed bolt (86) and a force transmission strip (83), wherein the first offset piece (81), the second offset piece (82) and the force transmission strip (83) are all parallel to the axial direction of the tube body (10), the upper side of the first offset piece (81) is welded to the side surface of the inner contact part (100), a gap is formed between the lower side of the first offset piece (81) and the side surface of the outer contact part (200), and the second offset piece (82) is welded to the side surface of the inner contact part (100). The positioning piece (82) is arranged relative to the first offset piece (81) near the axis of the tube body (10); the lower side of the second offset piece (82) is welded to the side of the outer contact part (200); a gap is provided between the upper side of the second offset piece (82) and the side of the inner contact part (100); the edges of the sides of the outer contact part (200) and the inner contact part (100) near the axis of the tube body (10) are provided with a first chamfer (201); the upper side and the lower side of the force transmission strip (83) are provided with a second chamfer (831); the second chamfer (831) is covered with a second rubber The first chamfer (201) is fitted with a rubber pad (832); the tension spring (84) is arranged to extend radially along the tube body (10); one end of the tension spring (84) is fixedly connected to the force transmission strip (83); the other end of the tension spring (84) is rotatably connected to the prestressed bolt (86); the prestressed bolt (86) is threadedly connected to the second offset piece (82); the side of the force transmission strip (83) facing away from the second offset piece (82) is protruded with strip-shaped oblique teeth (85); the inclination direction of the oblique teeth (85) is the flow direction of the cooling medium. 6. A local cladding equipment, which is used for processing the special steel pipe according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a frame (1), a PLC control box, an electric welder (112), a welding gun (114), a wire feeding mechanism (113), a feeding head (115), a clamping mechanism, an oscillator (26), an observation plate (13), a cross adjustment mechanism (2), a mounting seat (25), a rotating beam (12) and an angle adjustment mechanism (123), the frame (1) is provided with a track (11), the track (11) is provided with a traveling vehicle (111), the electric welder (112) and the wire feeding mechanism (113) are located on the traveling vehicle (111), the feeding head (115) and the welding gun (114) are both installed on the oscillating portion of the oscillator (26). The movable end is a main body of the oscillator (26) mounted on a mounting seat (25), the mounting seat (25) is connected to the traveling vehicle (111) via a cross adjustment mechanism (2), the cross adjustment mechanism (2) is used to adjust the horizontal and height positions of the oscillator (26); the rotating beam (12) is parallel to the track (11), the rotating beam (12) is located below the welding gun (114), the rotating beam (12) is rotatably connected to the frame (1), the clamping mechanism is used to eccentrically fix the tube body (10) to the rotating beam (12), and the angle adjustment mechanism (123) is used to adjust the rotation angle of the rotating beam (12); the observation plate (13) is slidably arranged with the frame (1), and the sliding direction of the observation plate (13) is parallel to the length direction of the track (11). 7. The local cladding equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the clamping mechanism includes multiple groups of clamping plates (124) and two pressure plates (125), the two pressure plates (125) are respectively used to press the two ends of the tube body (10) on the surface of the rotating beam (12), and the pressure plate (125) is fixed to the rotating beam (12) by bolts; each group of clamping plates (124) is arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the rotating beam (12), a group of clamping plates (124) includes two clamping plates (124), the two clamping plates (124) are symmetrically arranged, the clamping plates (124) are fixed to the rotating beam (12) by bolts, and the two clamping plates (124) are used to apply force from both radial sides of the tube body (10) to clamp the tube body (10). 8. The local cladding equipment according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the cross adjustment mechanism (2) includes a horizontal adjustment arm (21), a slide (22), a first screw rod (23), and a second screw rod (24), wherein one end of the horizontal adjustment arm (21) is fixedly connected to the traveling vehicle (111), the first screw rod (23) is parallel to and rotationally connected to the horizontal adjustment arm (21), the slide (22) is slidingly connected to the horizontal adjustment arm (21) along the length direction of the horizontal adjustment arm (21), and the first screw rod (23) is threadedly connected to the slide (22); the mounting seat (25) is vertically slidingly connected to the slide (22), the second screw rod (24) is vertically arranged, the second screw rod (24) is rotationally connected to the slide (22), and the second screw rod (24) is threadedly connected to the mounting seat (25). 9. A cladding process for local cladding equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a. During the first welding commissioning, the welding parameters of the pipes of various specifications, as well as the swing width and swing speed of the oscillator (26) are commissioned through the PLC control box; b. After the commissioning is completed, the pipe (10) is fixed to the rotating beam (12) by a clamping mechanism; c. Through a cross adjustment mechanism (2) and an angle adjustment mechanism (123), the welding gun (114) is located directly above the position to be clad on the pipe (10), and the vertical spacing between the welding gun (114) and the pipe (10) is adjusted; d. When cladding begins, the oscillator (26) drives the welding gun (114) and the feeding head (115) to reciprocate for a short distance, and the traveling vehicle (111) moves along The track (11) moves to uniformly build up the first build-up welding layer (101). During this process, the build-up welding position is observed through the observation plate (13), and the position of the welding gun (114) and the pipe body (10) is finely adjusted using the cross adjustment mechanism (2) to ensure the straightness of the welding; e. After the first build-up welding layer (101) is completed, the traveling vehicle (111) returns to the starting position, and then the cross adjustment mechanism (2) and the angle adjustment mechanism (123) are used to make the welding gun (114) located directly above the position of the second build-up welding layer (101) to be built up on the pipe body (10), and the above process is repeated to complete the second build-up welding layer (101); f. The build-up welding is performed in sequence to complete multiple build-up welding layers (101); g. After the welding is completed, the clamping of the clamping mechanism is released and the pipe body (10) is removed.