CN118848803A - Automatic polishing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application discloses an automatic polishing device, which includes a rotating fixture and a polishing assembly. The rotating fixture is used to clamp a workpiece, and the rotating fixture drives the workpiece to rotate; the polishing assembly includes a first rotating driver and a plurality of polishing components, and the polishing components are used to polish the cylindrical surface of the workpiece. The first rotating driver drives the polishing components to rotate so that the corresponding polishing components face the cylindrical surface of the workpiece. The rotating fixture drives the workpiece to rotate, and the first rotating driver drives a specific polishing component to face the cylindrical surface of the workpiece, and the specific polishing component contacts the cylindrical surface of the workpiece for polishing, thereby realizing a single polishing process; the first rotating driver drives other polishing components to face the cylindrical surface of the workpiece, and other polishing components contact the cylindrical surface of the workpiece for polishing, thereby realizing other polishing processes; the composite polishing process combining multiple polishing processes can improve the polishing quality and meet the technical requirements of the cylindrical surface of the optical element.

Description

Automatic polishing device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the technical field of polishing, and in particular to an automatic polishing device.

Background Art

In the field of low-light-level night vision, fiber-optic image transmission components, as important components, have very high quality requirements. In this field of application, in addition to polishing the image input and output ends of the fiber-optic image transmission components, the cylindrical surface of the fiber-optic components also needs to be polished, in order to better ensure the sealing quality of glass and metal in the subsequent production of image intensifiers. At present, CMP, or "mechanical chemical polishing", is often used in the fields of optical lenses, semiconductor devices, etc. CMP optical cold processing equipment is mostly for global flattening of flat and spherical products, and cannot perform high-precision surface polishing on the cylindrical surface of optical components.

There are devices for polishing cylindrical surfaces in other technical fields, but only a single polishing process can be performed. Since fiber optic imaging products are used in the field of low-light-level night vision, strict quality requirements are imposed on the product surface. Generally, the roughness Ra value is required to be below 0.012, which is equivalent to level 14. In addition, scratches, processing lines and other defects are not allowed on the surface, and a single polishing process is difficult to meet the above technical requirements.

Summary of the invention

The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present application proposes an automatic polishing device that can automatically switch different polishing components to achieve a composite polishing process combining multiple polishing processes.

According to the automatic polishing device of the first aspect embodiment of the present application, the automatic polishing device includes a rotating fixture and a polishing assembly, wherein the rotating fixture is used to clamp the workpiece, and the rotating fixture drives the workpiece to rotate; the polishing assembly includes a first rotating drive and a plurality of polishing components, and the polishing components are used to polish the cylindrical surface of the workpiece, and the first rotating drive drives the polishing components to rotate so that the corresponding polishing components face the cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

According to the automatic polishing device of the embodiment of the present application, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved: the rotating fixture drives the workpiece to rotate, the first rotating driver drives a specific polishing component toward the cylindrical surface of the workpiece, and the specific polishing component contacts the cylindrical surface of the workpiece for polishing, thereby realizing a single polishing process; the first rotating driver drives other polishing components toward the cylindrical surface of the workpiece, and other polishing components contact the cylindrical surface of the workpiece for polishing, thereby realizing other polishing processes; the composite polishing process combining multiple polishing processes can improve the polishing quality and meet the technical requirements of the cylindrical surface of optical elements.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the polishing assembly includes a polishing base, which is connected to the first rotational drive, and the polishing base is provided with a plurality of mounting structures, each of the mounting structures is used to mount each of the polishing components, and the first rotational drive is used to drive the polishing base to rotate.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the mounting structure includes a polishing surface, and the polishing component is arranged on the polishing surface so that the polishing component fits against the cylindrical surface of the workpiece and forms surface contact.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the automatic polishing device includes an opening and closing drive assembly, and several polishing assemblies are connected to the opening and closing drive assembly. The opening and closing drive assembly is used to drive each polishing assembly to perform opening and closing movements along the radial direction of the workpiece, so that the polishing part of each polishing assembly clamps the cylindrical surface of the workpiece, or detaches from the cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the opening and closing drive assembly includes an opening and closing drive and a plurality of first connecting components, each of the first connecting components is slidably connected to the opening and closing drive, each of the first connecting components is used to connect each of the polishing components, and the opening and closing drive drives each of the first connecting components to slide in the opposite direction to enable each polishing component to perform an opening and closing movement.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the automatic polishing device includes a reciprocating drive assembly, which is connected to the opening and closing drive assembly, and is used to drive the opening and closing drive assembly to reciprocate along the axial direction of the workpiece so that the polishing component can reciprocate axially on the cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the reciprocating drive assembly includes a second rotary driver, a turntable and a swinging component, the turntable is connected to the second rotary driver, the swinging component is eccentrically connected to the turntable, the second rotary driver drives the turntable to rotate so as to swing the swinging component, and the swinging component is used to connect the opening and closing drive assembly and drive the opening and closing drive assembly to reciprocate along the axial direction of the workpiece.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the turntable is provided with a slide groove, the swing component is rotatably connected to a positioning block, and the positioning block slides in the slide groove to adjust the eccentric distance of the swing component.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the automatic polishing device includes a supporting component, the turntable and the second rotating driver are connected to the supporting component, the opening and closing driving component is connected to the second connecting component, the swinging component is rotatably connected to the second connecting component, and a guide component is arranged between the supporting component and the second connecting component to guide the reciprocating movement of the second connecting component.

According to some embodiments of the present application, the automatic polishing device includes a position sensor, which is used to detect the moving position of the second connecting component and control the second rotation drive to start or stop.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the technical solution disclosed in the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments disclosed in the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution disclosed in the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution disclosed in the present application.

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic polishing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a side view of the automatic polishing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a polishing assembly in an automatic polishing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an opening and closing drive assembly in the automatic polishing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a reciprocating drive assembly in the automatic polishing device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

Rotating fixture 101; workpiece 102;

Polishing assembly 200; first rotary driver 201; polishing component 202; polishing base 203;

Opening and closing driving assembly 300; opening and closing driver 301; first connecting component 302;

Reciprocating drive assembly 400; second rotary drive 401; turntable 402; swing component 403; slide slot 404;

Support component 501; second connecting component 502; guide rail 503; slider 504; position sensor 505.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientation, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

In the description of this application, "several" means more than one, "more" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

In the description of the present application, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , an embodiment of the present application provides an automatic polishing device, which includes a rotating fixture 101 and a polishing assembly 200 . A workpiece 102 polished by the automatic polishing device includes an optical element having a cylindrical surface.

The rotating fixture 101 drives the workpiece 102 to rotate, and the polishing assembly 200 includes a plurality of polishing parts 202. A specific polishing part 202 rotates toward the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, and then the specific polishing part 202 polishes the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 by contacting the workpiece 102, thereby realizing a single polishing process; after the single polishing process is completed, other polishing parts 202 rotate toward the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, and then other polishing parts 202 polish the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 by contacting the workpiece 102, thereby realizing other polishing processes; the composite polishing process combining multiple polishing processes can improve the polishing quality and meet the polishing technical requirements of optical elements.

In some examples, the rotating fixture 101 clamps the workpiece 102, and the rotating fixture 101 can drive the workpiece 102 to rotate, providing a movement basis for the workpiece 102 during the polishing process. It is understandable that when the rotating fixture 101 clamps the workpiece 102, the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 needs to be exposed to the outside, so that the polishing component 202 can contact the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3 , the polishing assembly 200 includes a first rotary driver 201 and a plurality of polishing components 202 . The polishing components 202 have a certain surface roughness. When the polishing components 202 contact the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 , the friction between the two is increased, thereby ensuring the polishing process of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 .

The first rotary driver 201 drives the polishing component 202 to rotate, so that the specific polishing component 202 is in a working position facing the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, so that the specific polishing component 202 contacts the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, thereby performing a corresponding polishing process.

In some examples, the polishing assembly 200 includes a polishing base 203 , and the polishing base 203 is connected to a first rotation driver 201 , and the first rotation driver 201 can drive the polishing base 203 to rotate.

Meanwhile, the polishing base 203 is provided with a plurality of mounting structures, and the polishing component 202 is arranged on the mounting structures, so that the polishing base 203 and the polishing component 202 form a whole. When the first rotary driver 201 drives the polishing base 203 to rotate, the polishing component 202 rotates together, ensuring that the specific polishing component 202 rotates to the working position. Among them, the first rotary driver 201 includes a rotary cylinder, and the polishing base 203 is mounted on the rotary cylinder by fasteners.

It is understandable that when the first rotary driver 201 drives the polishing base 203 to rotate, all the polishing parts 202 rotate, and the polishing part 202 currently in the working position immediately leaves the working position, while the other polishing parts 202 gradually rotate to the working position, thereby completing the switching of different polishing parts 202.

Specifically, the polishing base 203 is provided with two mounting structures and two polishing parts 202 are mounted thereon, and the two mounting structures are respectively located at opposite sides of the polishing base 203. Therefore, when the two polishing parts 202 are switched with each other, the first rotation driver 201 drives the polishing base 203 to rotate 180°.

In addition, one polishing part 202 uses a harder polyurethane polishing die for the rough polishing process; the other polishing part 202 uses a softer polyurethane polishing die for the fine polishing process. The automatic polishing device includes two polishing processes, namely, rough polishing and fine polishing, and the switching between rough polishing and fine polishing is achieved by quickly replacing the polishing part 202. The composite polishing process combining rough polishing and fine polishing can significantly trim the polishing surface texture, thereby improving the processing quality.

The switching of the two polishing parts 202 is controlled by a time relay, and the rough polishing time and the fine polishing time are set in the time relay, so as to automatically complete the review polishing process of the workpiece 102.

In some examples, the mounting structure includes a polishing profile, and the polishing profile is set according to the shape of the workpiece 102. Since the portion to be polished of the workpiece 102 is a cylindrical surface, the mounting structure is formed as an arc surface.

The polishing part 202 is bonded to the cylindrical surface in an adhesive manner, so that the polishing part 202 adapts to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102. Therefore, when the polishing part 202 contacts the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, the polishing part 202 forms a surface contact with the workpiece 102, thereby avoiding the situation that the service life of the polishing part 202 is insufficient and the processing efficiency is insufficient due to line contact or point contact, and also preventing the situation that the surface quality after polishing is poor.

It is worth noting that the radius of the arc surface of the mounting structure combined with the thickness of the polishing component 202 is approximately equal to the radius of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, ensuring that the polishing component 202 can be tightly combined with the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 to form surface contact.

As shown in FIG. 4 , in some examples, the automatic polishing device includes an opening and closing driving assembly 300 , which is used to drive a plurality of polishing assemblies 200 to contact the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 in a clamping manner to improve polishing efficiency and accuracy.

Among them, a plurality of polishing assemblies 200 are connected to an opening and closing driving assembly 300, and the opening and closing driving assembly 300 drives each polishing assembly 200 to perform opening and closing motion along the radial direction of the workpiece 102. During the opening and closing motion, when each polishing assembly 200 approaches each other, the polishing parts 202 of each polishing assembly 200 gradually clamp the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, thereby performing the corresponding polishing process; when each polishing assembly 200 moves away from each other, the polishing parts 202 of each polishing assembly 200 gradually separate from the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, which is convenient for replacing the polishing parts 202 and also convenient for replacing the workpiece 102.

It can be understood that the opening and closing movement output by the opening and closing driving assembly 300 needs to be along the radial direction of the workpiece 102. When the workpiece 102 is clamped in the rotating fixture 101 in a vertical state, the opening and closing movement is performed along the horizontal direction.

Furthermore, the opening and closing driving assembly 300 can realize precise control of the polishing pressure, that is, provide appropriate clamping force, which helps to improve the surface polishing texture and reduce the consumption of the polishing component 202 while ensuring the polishing efficiency.

In some examples, the opening and closing drive assembly 300 includes an opening and closing drive 301 and a plurality of first connecting components 302, each first connecting component 302 is slidably connected to the opening and closing drive 301, and the opening and closing drive 301 is used to drive each first connecting component 302 to slide closer to each other or away from each other.

Further, the number of the first connecting parts 302 is equal to the number of the polishing assemblies 200, and each first connecting part 302 is connected to one polishing assembly 200. Specifically, if the automatic polishing device includes two polishing assemblies 200, two first connecting parts 302 are provided accordingly. When the opening and closing drive 301 drives the two first connecting parts 302 to move closer to or farther from each other, the two polishing assemblies 200 also move closer to or farther from each other under the drive of the first connecting parts 302. It can be understood that during the opening and closing movement of the two first connecting parts 302 moving closer to or farther from each other, the sliding directions of the two first connecting parts 302 are always opposite.

As shown in FIG. 5 , in some examples, the automatic polishing device includes a reciprocating drive assembly 400 , and the reciprocating drive assembly 400 is used to connect the opening and closing drive assembly 300 and the polishing assembly 200 to form a whole.

The reciprocating drive assembly 400 drives the opening and closing drive assembly 300 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the workpiece 102, thereby driving the polishing assembly 200 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the workpiece 102. Each polishing component 202 reciprocates axially on the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, thereby reducing the polishing surface texture while taking into account the polishing efficiency and increasing the polishing range.

Specifically, the opening and closing driver 301 includes a cylinder, and when the workpiece 102 is clamped in the rotating fixture 101 in a vertical state, the reciprocating movement is performed along the vertical direction.

In some examples, the reciprocating drive assembly 400 includes a second rotary driver 401, a rotating disk 402, and a swinging component 403, wherein the second rotary driver 401 is connected to the rotating disk 402, thereby driving the rotating disk 402 to rotate. At the same time, the swinging component 403 is eccentrically connected to the rotating disk, and the swinging component 403 is used to connect the opening and closing drive assembly 300, and the swinging component 403 is formed into a rod-shaped structure. When the rotating disk 402 rotates, the swinging component 403 swings, thereby transmitting the driving force to the opening and closing drive assembly 300, so that the whole formed by the opening and closing drive assembly 300 and the polishing assembly 200 reciprocates.

Specifically, the second rotation driver 401 includes a DC motor. To ensure the connection between the second rotation driver 401 and the turntable 402 , a coupling is connected between the second rotation driver 401 and the turntable 402 .

In some examples, different workpieces 102 have different lengths and different polishing precision requirements. For different workpieces 102, the reciprocating movement stroke of the whole formed by the opening and closing driving assembly 300 and the polishing assembly 200 needs to be adaptively adjusted.

The rotating disk 402 is provided with a slide groove 404, which extends linearly along the diameter of the rotating disk 402. Meanwhile, the swing component 403 is provided with a positioning block, which is rotatably connected to the swing component 403 and embedded in the slide groove 404. The positioning block can slide in the slide groove 404, thereby adjusting the eccentric distance of the swing component 403. It can be understood that as the eccentric distance changes, the swing amplitude of the swing component 403 also changes, thereby adjusting the above-mentioned reciprocating movement stroke.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in some examples, the automatic polishing device includes a support component 501, which carries the reciprocating drive assembly 400, the opening and closing drive assembly 300 and the polishing assembly 200, and is fixed to the polishing equipment connecting rod (not shown in the figure) through a connecting rod.

The turntable 402 and the second rotary driver 401 are connected to the support component 501, and the opening and closing driving assembly 300 is connected to the second connecting component 502, and the swinging component 403 is rotatably connected to the second connecting component 502. The swinging component 403 drives the second connecting component 502 to reciprocate, thereby driving the whole formed by the opening and closing driving assembly 300 and the polishing assembly 200 to reciprocate.

Furthermore, in order to regulate the reciprocating motion direction, a guide assembly is provided between the support component 501 and the second connecting component 502. The guide assembly includes a guide rail 503 and a slider 504. The guide rail 503 is provided on the support component 501 and extends along the axial direction of the workpiece 102. Meanwhile, the slider 504 is provided on the second connecting component 502 and is slidably connected to the guide rail 503. Since the slider 504 needs to slide along the guide rail 503, the swing component 403 drives the second connecting component 502 to reciprocate along the direction of the guide rail 503.

As shown in FIG1 , in some examples, the automatic polishing device includes a position sensor 505, which is used to detect the movement position of the second connecting member 502, that is, indirectly detect the movement position of the whole formed by the opening and closing drive assembly 300 and the polishing assembly 200. When it is detected that the second connecting member 502 reaches the movement limit position, the position sensor 505 controls the second rotation driver 401 to stop working; when it is detected that the second connecting member 502 does not reach the movement limit position, the position sensor 505 controls the second rotation driver 401 to continue working. Specifically, the position sensor 505 includes a proximity switch.

In the actual implementation process, the polishing base 203 and the polishing part 202 of appropriate size are selected according to the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102. The polishing part 202 generally selects a polyurethane material polishing mold within 2mm. The bonding glue of the polishing part 202 uses the common all-purpose glue on the market, but the bonding strength should be guaranteed to prevent it from falling off during use. After the bonding of the polishing part 202 is completed, the polishing base 203 is installed on the first rotating driver 201 through fasteners. During installation, the installation angle needs to be adjusted so that during the clamping process of the opening and closing driver 301, the symmetrically distributed polishing parts 202 are close to and clamp the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102. At the same time, check the stroke of the reciprocating movement output by the reciprocating drive assembly 400 to ensure that each position of the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 can contact the polishing part 202. When the stroke does not match, adjust the swing amplitude by adjusting the eccentric distance of the swing part 403 at the slide groove 404. The rotation speed of the second rotary driver 401 is controlled to adjust the output reciprocating speed. The reciprocating speed of the polishing component 202 also determines the quality of the polishing surface. An appropriate reciprocating speed can reduce the texture of the polishing surface and improve the polishing efficiency.

After the preparation work is completed, the workpiece 102 is mounted and fixed on the rotating fixture 101, and the first rough polishing time and the second fine polishing time are set respectively through the time relay. The polishing process is started, and the opening and closing driver 301 drives the polishing components 200 to approach each other, so that the polishing component 202 used for rough polishing clamps the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102, and the rotating fixture 101 drives the polishing product to rotate rapidly, and the polishing liquid is sprayed at the contact position between the workpiece 102 and the polishing component 202. The second rotating driver 401 drives the polishing component 202 to achieve uniform reciprocating movement through the swing component 403, so as to continuously perform CMP polishing on the entire cylindrical surface to be processed. When the time for the first rough polishing is reached, the surface pitting of the workpiece 102 is basically removed, and the rough polishing effect is achieved. At this time, the opening and closing driver 301 is reset, and the first rotating driver 201 rotates 180°, thereby switching the polishing component 202. The polishing component 202 used for fine polishing performs a second fine polishing on the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 in the same process. The second fine polishing is mainly to precisely polish the lines, scratches and other defects on the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 102 to achieve better polishing quality. When the time for the second fine polishing is reached, the opening and closing driver 301 is reset, and the first rotating driver 201 rotates 180° again to reset. At this time, the composite polishing process combining rough polishing and fine polishing is completed, and the workpiece 102 is taken out.

In some selectable embodiments, the function/operation mentioned in the block diagram may not occur in the order mentioned in the operation diagram. For example, depending on the function/operation involved, the two boxes shown in succession can actually be executed substantially simultaneously or the boxes can sometimes be executed in reverse order. In addition, the embodiment presented and described in the flow chart of the application is provided by way of example, for the purpose of providing a more comprehensive understanding of technology. The disclosed method is not limited to the operation and logic flow presented herein. Selectable embodiments are expected, wherein the order of various operations is changed and the sub-operation of a part described as a larger operation is performed independently.

The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic polishing apparatus, comprising:

The rotary clamp is used for clamping a workpiece and driving the workpiece to rotate;

The polishing assembly comprises a first rotary driver and a plurality of polishing components, wherein the polishing components are used for polishing the cylindrical surface of a workpiece, and the first rotary driver drives the polishing components to rotate so as to enable the corresponding polishing components to face the cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

2. The automated polishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the polishing assembly comprises a polishing base coupled to the first rotary drive, the polishing base being provided with a plurality of mounting structures, each mounting structure for mounting each polishing member, the first rotary drive for driving the polishing base in rotation.

3. The automated polishing apparatus of claim 2, wherein the mounting structure comprises a polishing profile, and the polishing member is disposed on the polishing profile such that the polishing member conforms to a cylindrical surface of the workpiece and forms a surface contact.

4. The automatic polishing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the automatic polishing apparatus comprises an opening and closing driving assembly, a plurality of polishing assemblies are connected to the opening and closing driving assembly, and the opening and closing driving assembly is used for driving each polishing assembly to perform opening and closing movement along the radial direction of a workpiece so that the polishing component of each polishing assembly clamps the cylindrical surface of the workpiece or breaks away from the cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

5. The automated polishing apparatus of claim 4, wherein the opening and closing drive assembly comprises an opening and closing drive and a plurality of first connecting members, each first connecting member slidably coupled to the opening and closing drive, each first connecting member adapted to connect each polishing assembly, the opening and closing drive driving each first connecting member to slide in a reverse direction to cause each polishing assembly to perform an opening and closing motion.

6. The automated polishing apparatus of claim 4, comprising a reciprocating drive assembly coupled to the opening and closing drive assembly, the reciprocating drive assembly configured to drive the opening and closing drive assembly to reciprocate along an axial direction of the workpiece to axially reciprocate the polishing member on a cylindrical surface of the workpiece.

7. The automated polishing apparatus of claim 6, wherein the reciprocating drive assembly comprises a second rotary drive, a turntable coupled to the second rotary drive, and a swinging member eccentrically coupled to the turntable, the second rotary drive driving the turntable to rotate to swing the swinging member, the swinging member being configured to couple to the opening-closing drive assembly and to reciprocate the opening-closing drive assembly along an axial direction of the workpiece.

8. The automatic polishing apparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein the turntable is provided with a chute, and the swinging member is rotatably coupled with a positioning block that slides in the chute to adjust an eccentric distance of the swinging member.

9. The automatic polishing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the automatic polishing apparatus comprises a supporting member to which the turntable and the second rotary drive are connected, the opening and closing drive assembly is connected to a second connecting member, the swinging member is rotatably connected to the second connecting member, and a guide assembly is provided between the supporting member and the second connecting member to guide the second connecting member to reciprocate.

10. The automated polishing apparatus of claim 9, comprising a position sensor for detecting a position of movement of the second connection member and controlling the second rotary drive to start or stop.