CN118845142B

CN118845142B - Intramedullary nail lock hole positioning device and intramedullary nail aiming system

Info

Publication number: CN118845142B
Application number: CN202411336971.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许小波; 刘博�; 郑泽华; 谢文懋; 任阳阳
Original assignee: Zhejiang Decans Medical Instrument Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Decans Medical Instrument Co ltd
Priority date: 2024-09-25
Filing date: 2024-09-25
Publication date: 2025-02-28
Anticipated expiration: 2044-09-25
Also published as: CN118845142A

Abstract

The present invention discloses an intramedullary nail lock hole positioning device and an intramedullary nail aiming system. In the present invention, an intramedullary nail lock hole positioning module comprises: a drill sleeve, the drill sleeve has a channel running through it and extending along its length direction; an annular drill, the annular drill is rotatably connected to the drill sleeve and inserted into the channel, and the two ends of the annular drill are located outside the drill sleeve; the annular drill is provided with a through hole, the through hole extends along the length direction of the annular drill and runs through the annular drill. This reduces bone debris residue and reduces surgical risks.

Description

Intramedullary nail lockhole positioning device and intramedullary nail aiming system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to an intramedullary nail lockhole positioning device and an intramedullary nail aiming system.

Background

Intramedullary nail treatment is a common way of fracture internal fixation, especially for long bones of the lower limbs, such as the femur, tibia, etc. During the intramedullary nail installation process, several steps of proximal opening, stem augmentation, intramedullary nail implantation, proximal nail installation, and distal nail installation are typically performed. In the existing operation process, after the aiming arm of the intramedullary nail is installed, three-stage drill bushing is used for guiding, the intramedullary nail is inserted into an operation incision in a blunt mode until reaching the surface of a bone, the third-stage inner core which is the most center is pulled out, a drill bit is inserted into a central channel, locking screw drilling is carried out, the hole and the intramedullary nail which is required to be in a straight line, and finally locking screw installation is carried out. But more bone fragments are generated during the drilling process and remain in the patient, increasing the risk of embolism.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an intramedullary nail lockhole positioning device and an intramedullary nail aiming system, which can reduce bone fragment residues and reduce operation risks.

In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module, including:

A drill sleeve having a passage therethrough extending along a length thereof;

The annular drill is rotatably connected with the drill sleeve and inserted into the channel, two ends of the annular drill are located outside the drill sleeve, the annular drill is provided with a through hole, the through hole extends along the length direction of the annular drill and penetrates through the annular drill, a bearing is arranged between the drill sleeve and the annular drill sleeve, and the drill sleeve and the annular drill are matched to form an integral piece.

Compared with the prior art, the annular drill is matched with the drill sleeve for use by arranging the drill sleeve and the annular drill, and when the annular drill is used for drilling, as the annular drill is provided with the through hole, the contact area between the cutting edge of the drill of the annular drill and the bone surface is smaller in the drilling process, less heat is generated, and the burn to soft tissues in the drilling process is reduced. In addition, the through hole of the annular drill can contain blocky broken bones and bring the blocky broken bones out of the body, the existing drill bit is a solid drill in the process of tapping, the removed bone mass is broken into bone fragments, the bone fragments are left in the body of a patient, the setting of the annular drill is less, the risk of embolism in the operation can be reduced, and the operation is safer. The intramedullary nail lockhole positioning module is matched with the intramedullary nail aiming bracket for use, a multi-stage guide sleeve is not required to be installed, and operation steps are saved for doctors, so that operation time is saved. In use, according to the situation of the hole positions to be drilled, the intramedullary nail lock hole positioning modules with different types can be directly replaced, and the intramedullary nail lock hole positioning modules are used for fine adjustment of the hole positions, so that the times of adjustment by using the aiming bracket can be reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, and the fine adjustment operation of the aiming bracket in the existing operation is relatively complicated. In addition, in the orthopaedics wound operation, most open operation, operation power does not contain waterway circulation system, does not have the cooling function, and through the overall structure that sets up the bearing between annular drill and the drill bushing, the drawback that the friction between annular drill and the drill bushing generates heat can be effectively solved.

In an embodiment, the central axis of the passage is the central axis of the drill sleeve.

In an embodiment, the central axis of the passage is offset from the central axis of the drill sleeve.

In an embodiment, bearings are embedded at two ends of the drill sleeve, and the bearing sleeve is arranged outside the annular drill.

In one embodiment, the annular drill is a stainless steel annular drill, the drill sleeve is a plastic drill sleeve, and the drill sleeve and the annular drill are matched to form a whole;

The outer diameter range of the annular drill is 2 mm-4.5 mm, and the outer diameter range of the drill sleeve is 9 mm-11 mm.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for positioning the locking hole of the intramedullary nail, which comprises:

A plurality of intramedullary nail lockhole positioning modules according to any one of the above, wherein at least two annular drills in the plurality of intramedullary nail lockhole positioning modules have different outer diameters;

a center guide for inserting into or extracting from the through hole of the annular drill; and after the center guide is inserted into the through hole, the annular drill and the center guide can be rotatably arranged.

In one embodiment, the distal end of the center guide is a tip, the outermost tip of the tip coinciding with a side edge of the center guide.

In one embodiment, the angle of the tip portion ranges from 30 DEG to 45 DEG, and the end of the center guide away from the tip portion has a tip indication position.

In one embodiment, the periphery of the center guide begins to be provided with a groove, an embedded part is arranged in the groove, and the embedded part protrudes out of the groove;

The insert is disposed behind the center guide to form an assembly having an outer diameter less than an inner diameter of the annular drill.

In one embodiment, the insert is resilient and is a C-ring, and the center guide is made of nitinol.

In one embodiment, a central axis of a channel of at least one of the drill sleeve in the plurality of intramedullary nail keyhole positioning modules is offset from a central axis of the drill sleeve;

The central axis of the passage of at least one of the drill sleeve in the plurality of intramedullary nail keyhole positioning modules is coaxial with the central axis of the drill sleeve.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide an intramedullary nail targeting system comprising:

the gear lever is provided with a distal end and a proximal end, and the direction from the distal end to the proximal end of the gear lever is the length direction of the gear lever;

An aiming module, the aiming module comprising:

the first sighting piece is connected with the distal end of the gear rod, a first guide groove penetrating through the first sighting piece in the thickness direction is formed in the first sighting piece, the first guide groove is provided with a plurality of first hole sites arranged in the height direction of the first sighting piece, the length direction of the gear rod and the thickness direction of the first sighting piece are perpendicular to each other, and

The second aiming piece is slidably connected with the first aiming piece along the height direction of the first aiming piece, and the first aiming piece is positioned between the gear lever and the second aiming piece; the second sighting piece is provided with a second guide groove penetrating along the thickness direction of the second sighting piece, and the second guide groove is provided with a second hole site;

When the second sighting piece is positioned at the sighting position, the center of the second hole site and the center of any first hole site are positioned on the same horizontal line, and the first sighting piece and the second sighting piece are locked and fixed;

The intramedullary nail keyhole positioning apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, said intramedullary nail keyhole positioning apparatus being adapted to be inserted into or withdrawn from said first hole site and/or said second hole site.

Drawings

One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which the figures of the drawings are not to be taken in a limiting sense, unless otherwise indicated.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module having a central axis of a channel offset from a central axis of a drill sleeve according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the bit of FIG. 3 with the face embodying an annular drill;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a center guide in a second embodiment according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5A;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of B in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an intramedullary nail sight, bone engagement of a patient, and insertion of a center guide into a second hole site in combination with an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of an aiming arm of an intramedullary nail according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a second sight in a sighting position according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a second sight in an initial position according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing a structure in which a second aiming feature of another aiming block is positioned at an initial position according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of a sighting module connecting gear pole in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a center guide according to a second embodiment of the present invention pulled out from a second hole site;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of an intramedullary nail sight, bone engagement of a patient's limb, and insertion of a center guide into a first hole site with an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a center guide according to a second embodiment of the present invention pulled out of a first hole site;

FIG. 17 is a schematic illustration of a pre-drilled hole and a locking pin hole in an intramedullary nail in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of another position of the pre-drilled hole and the locking pin hole in the intramedullary nail in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of yet another placement of pre-drilled holes and locking pin holes in an intramedullary nail in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;

The intramedullary nail comprises 100 parts of an intramedullary nail aiming arm, 1 part of a gear rod, 11 parts of a hole, 2 parts of an aiming module, 700 parts of a handle, 21 parts of a first aiming part, 22 parts of a second aiming part, 210 parts of a first guiding groove, 211 parts of a first hole, 220 parts of a second guiding groove, 221 parts of a second hole, 212 parts of an aiming mark position, 213 parts of an initial mark position, 222 parts of an aiming mark, 30 parts of a locking connecting part, 3 parts of a locking part, 31 parts of a movable rod, 310 parts of an unlocking groove, 32 parts of an elastic part, 33 parts of a limiting part, 214 parts of a limiting groove, 500 parts of an intramedullary nail, 4 parts of an aiming module, 411 parts of a first hole, 421 parts of a second hole, 600 parts of an intramedullary nail locking hole positioning module, 6 parts of a drill bushing, 60 parts of a bearing, 61 parts of a channel, 7 parts of an annular drill, 71 parts of a through hole, 8 parts of a center guide, 81 parts of a tip part, 82 parts of an embedding part, 400 parts of a bone, 410 parts of a pre-drilled hole, 510 parts of a nail locking hole.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that in various embodiments of the present application, numerous technical details have been set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. The claimed application may be practiced without these specific details and with various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.

In the following description, for the purposes of explanation of various disclosed embodiments, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that an embodiment may be practiced without one or more of the specific details. In other instances, well-known devices, structures, and techniques associated with the present application may not be shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

Throughout the specification and claims, unless the context requires otherwise, the word "comprise" and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising" will be understood to be open-ended, meaning of inclusion, i.e. to be interpreted to mean "including, but not limited to.

The following detailed description of various embodiments of the present invention will be provided in connection with the accompanying drawings to provide a clearer understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather are merely illustrative of the true spirit of the invention.

Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and/or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In the following description, for the purposes of clarity of presentation of the structure and manner of operation of the present invention, the description will be made with the aid of directional terms, but such terms as "forward," "rearward," "left," "right," "outward," "inner," "outward," "inward," "upper," "lower," etc. are to be construed as convenience, and are not to be limiting.

Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A first embodiment of the present invention relates to an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 includes a drill sleeve 6 and an annular drill 7, the drill sleeve 6 having a passage 61 extending therethrough and along a length thereof. The annular drill 7 is rotatably connected to the drill bushing 6 and inserted into the passage 61, and both ends of the annular drill 7 are located outside the drill bushing 6, the annular drill 7 being provided with a through hole 71, the through hole 71 extending in the length direction of the annular drill 7 and penetrating the annular drill 7.

Through setting up drill bushing 6 and annular brill 7, let annular brill 7 and drill bushing 6 supporting use together, and when annular brill 7 drills, because annular brill 7 has through-hole 71, in the drilling process, the drill bit blade of annular brill 7 is less with bone face area of contact, produces less heat, reduces the burning to soft tissue in the drilling process. In addition, the through hole 71 of the annular drill 7 can accommodate the massive broken bones and bring the massive broken bones out of the body, the bone fragments removed are broken into bone fragments in the patient in the process of tapping by the solid drill, the risk of embolism in the operation can be reduced by setting fewer bone fragments of the annular drill 7, and the operation is safer. The intramedullary nail lockhole positioning module is matched with the intramedullary nail aiming bracket for use, a multi-stage guide sleeve is not required to be installed, and operation steps are saved for doctors, so that operation time is saved. In use, according to the situation of the hole positions to be drilled, the intramedullary nail lock hole positioning modules with different types can be directly replaced, and the intramedullary nail lock hole positioning modules are used for fine adjustment of the hole positions, so that the times of adjustment by using the aiming bracket can be reduced, the operation efficiency is improved, and the fine adjustment operation of the aiming bracket in the existing operation is relatively complicated.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the central axis of the passage 61 is the central axis of the drill bushing 6.

Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the central axis of the passage 61 is offset from the central axis of the drill bushing 6. When the locking nail hole is pre-drilled, the fine adjustment of the hole position is performed through the annular drill, the adjustment frequency of the aiming bracket is reduced, the operation efficiency is improved through optimizing from the detail, the fine adjustment operation of the aiming bracket in the prior art is relatively complicated, and the position fine adjustment can be realized only by rotating the eccentric annular drill.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, bearings 60 are embedded at both ends of the drill bushing 6, the bearings 60 are sleeved outside the annular drill 7, and the annular drill 7 is rotatably connected with the drill bushing 6 through the bearings 60. One end of the annular drill 7 is used outside the drill bushing 6 for connection to a drive member and the other end of the annular drill 7 is used outside the drill bushing 6 for drilling or reaming. In the orthopaedics wound operation, most open operation, operation power does not contain waterway circulation system, does not have the cooling function, sets up the overall structure of bearing through between annular drill and the drill bushing, can effectively solve the drawback that the friction between annular drill and the drill bushing generates heat.

Further, the annular drill 7 is a stainless steel annular drill, and the drill bushing 6 is a plastic drill bushing.

In addition, the drill bushing 6 cooperates with the annular drill 7 to form a unitary piece. In use, the fitted drill sleeve 6 and annular drill 7 may be co-inserted into the surgical incision as required, up to the bone surface.

In addition, the outer diameter of the annular drill 7 ranges from 2mm to 4.5mm, and the outer diameter of the drill sleeve 6 ranges from 9 mm to 11mm. The outer diameter of the annular drill 7 is designed into a plurality of specifications, such as a diameter of 2 mm-2.5 mm, which are used as specifications for the pre-drilled hole 410, a diameter of 3 mm-3.5 mm, which are used as bottom holes for locking screws of 4.5mm specifications, and a diameter of 4 mm-4.5 mm, which are used as bottom holes for locking screws of 5.0 mm specifications.

A second embodiment of the invention relates to an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning apparatus. Taking an example of an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning apparatus for use in an intramedullary nail sight, the intramedullary nail sight comprises an intramedullary nail sight arm 100 and a handle 700 connected to the intramedullary nail sight arm 100.

As shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10, the intramedullary nail aiming arm 100 includes a gear lever 1 and an aiming block 2. The gear lever 1 is made of stainless steel or carbon fiber materials, the gear lever 1 is formed by a plurality of hole sites 11 which are arranged along the length direction of the gear lever, the gear lever 1 is respectively used correspondingly to intramedullary nails with different length specifications, the gear lever 1 is provided with a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end is connected with a handle 700, and the distal end is connected with the aiming module 2. The direction from the distal end to the proximal end of the gear lever 1 is the length direction of the gear lever 1. The aiming module 2 comprises a first aiming member 21 and a second aiming member 22, wherein the first aiming member 21 is connected with the distal end of the gear lever 1, and a first guide groove 210 penetrating along the thickness direction of the first aiming member 21 is formed on the first aiming member 21. The first guide groove 210 has a plurality of first hole sites 211 aligned in the height direction of the first sight 21. The height direction of the first sight 21, the length direction of the gear lever 1, and the thickness direction of the first sight 21 are perpendicular to each other. The second sight 22 is slidably connected to the first sight 21 in the height direction of the first sight 21, and the first sight 21 is located between the gear lever 1 and the second sight 22. The second aiming block 22 is provided with a second guide groove 220 penetrating in the thickness direction, and the second guide groove 220 is provided with a second hole site 221. The second sight 22 has an initial position and a sight position. When the second sighting piece 22 is positioned at the sighting position, the center of the second hole site 221 and the center of any first hole site 211 are positioned on the same horizontal line, and the first sighting piece 21 and the second sighting piece 22 are locked and fixed.

Since the sighting module 2 is arranged, and the second sighting member 22 is movably connected with the first sighting member 21, the second sighting member 22 can be adjusted in height. That is, after the intramedullary nail aiming arm 100 is installed, the second aiming member 22 is firstly perforated on the affected bone 400 through the second hole 221 to form a pre-judging hole, the first hole 211 is selected to drill the affected bone 400 with the intramedullary nail keyhole positioning device to form the pre-drilled hole 410 according to the pre-judging hole and the locking nail hole at the distal end of the intramedullary nail 500 in the expected upward or downward direction, when the pre-drilled hole 410 is communicated with the screw hole on the intramedullary nail 500, the pre-drilled hole 410 is reamed to form a keyhole, and then the second aiming member 22 is moved to an aiming position, so that the center of the second hole 221 and the center of the first hole 211 forming the keyhole are on the same horizontal line, thereby realizing the fine adjustment of the distal hole in locking the intramedullary nail 500, reducing the number of X-ray perspective in operation, and without adding an additional positioning hole on the affected bone 400 of a patient, reducing the trauma to the patient, and simultaneously reducing the pressure of autonomous fine adjustment of the doctor.

Further, the first guide groove 210 includes a plurality of circular holes, one of which forms one first hole site 211, and the centers of the plurality of circular holes are aligned in the height direction of the first sight 21.

Further, the first guide groove 210 is in a vertical 8 shape. As shown in fig. 11, two adjacent circular holes are connected, and in this embodiment, two circular holes may not be connected.

In addition, as shown in fig. 11, the distance between the centers of the adjacent two first hole sites 211 is in the range of 9mm to 11mm, alternatively, the distance between the centers of the adjacent two first hole sites 211 may be 10mm or the like. Thus, after selecting one first hole site 211 to drill the affected bone 400 inappropriately, selecting another suitable first hole site 211 to drill and ream the affected bone 400, the hole formed can be expanded to the first drilled hole on the affected bone 400 without causing excessive damage to the affected bone 400.

Further, the diameter of the circular hole in the first guide groove 210 ranges from 7mm to 11mm. Alternatively, the distance between the centers of two adjacent first hole sites 211 may be 8mm or 10mm, or the like.

In addition, as shown in fig. 9 and 11, the second hole sites 221 are plural and are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the shift lever 1.

Further, as shown in fig. 9 and 11, the second guide groove 220 includes a plurality of circular holes, one of which forms one second hole 221. The second guide groove 220 is in a horizontal "≡shape.

In addition, as shown in fig. 9,10 and 11, the first sight 21 is provided with an aiming mark position 212 and an initial mark position 213, and one aiming mark position 212 corresponds to the center of one first hole position 211. The aiming mark position 212 and the initial mark position 213 may be scale marks, the second aiming member 22 is provided with an aiming mark 222, the aiming mark 222 may be delta, the aiming mark 222 and the center of the second hole 221 are positioned on the same horizontal line, and the aiming mark 222 is used for pointing to the initial mark position 213 when the second aiming member 22 is positioned at the initial position and pointing to the aiming mark position 212 when the second aiming member 22 moves to the aiming position.

Specifically, taking fig. 11 as an example, the center line of the horizontal "≡" hole is marked by "Δ", the center line of the vertical "8" hole is provided with corresponding graduation marks, that is, three graduation marks, where the graduation mark of the center of the symmetry of the module in which the vertical "8" hole is located is the initial marking position 213, and the graduation mark corresponding to the center line of the two circular holes is the aiming marking position 212. In this embodiment, the symmetry center of the module where the vertical "8" hole is located may be the center of the vertical "8" hole, and in another embodiment, the vertical "8" hole is located on the center of the module where it is located, where the symmetry center of the module where the vertical "8" hole is located and the center of the vertical "8" hole are not on the same horizontal line. Of course, the tick mark used as the initial mark bit 213 may not be at the center of symmetry of the module where the vertical "8" shaped hole is located. The alignment positions of the delta and the three scale marks are three positions supporting immediate locking, and when the delta is aligned with the scale marks on two sides, the positions of the two groups of holes are in a relationship that the center line of the horizontal-infinity-shaped hole and the center line of the vertical-shaped hole are on the same straight line. In use, when the intramedullary nail aiming arm 100 is mounted to a patient's affected limb bone 400, the second aiming feature 22 is initially positioned, i.e., the directional marker 222 is aligned with the initial marker position 213. In use, when the intramedullary nail aiming arm 100 is mounted to a patient's affected limb bone 400, the second aiming feature 22 is initially positioned, i.e., the directional marker 222 is aligned with the initial marker position 213. The method comprises the following steps of firstly drilling an intramedullary nail positioning module matched with a center guide 8 in a transverse 'infinity' shaped hole at the tail end of a second aiming piece 22, wherein the hole is a pre-judging hole, taking X-ray pictures along the sagittal position of a patient limb, checking that a locking nail hole at the far end of the intramedullary nail 500 is in an expected upper or lower direction, secondly selecting a first hole position 211 in the first aiming piece 21, enabling the intramedullary nail positioning module matched with the center guide 8 to pass through the first hole position 211, enabling a drill bit in the intramedullary nail locking hole positioning module 600 to be a ring drill 7 with the diameter of 2.5mm, punching the ring drill 7 on the patient limb bone 400 to form a pre-drilled hole 410, checking that the center guide 8 smoothly passes through a screw hole on the intramedullary nail 500, then removing the ring drill 7 and a drill sleeve 6 which form the pre-drilled hole 410, inserting the ring drill 7 with the large diameter and the drill sleeve 6 to the expected diameter of 4-4.5mm, and completing the installation of a locking screw in the vertical '8' shaped hole, thirdly adjusting the ring drill 7 matched with the center guide 8, and finally installing the ring drill 7 on the far end of the second aiming piece 22 along the first straight line and the second hole, and finally locking the far end of the ring drill hole into the first transverse drilled hole 410 according to the first straight line and the second hole 10.

Further, as shown in fig. 13, the first sight 21 is detachably connected to the shift lever 1. Specifically, the distal end of the gear lever 1 may be provided with a groove in the form of a dovetail groove, and the first aiming member 21 is provided with a dovetail groove protrusion structure, and the protrusion structure may be inserted into the groove and locked by the locking connection member, so as to facilitate the disassembly and connection. It will be appreciated that the detachable connection structure is not limited thereto, as other structures are possible. In other embodiments, the first sighting member 21 may also be fixedly connected to the gear lever 1, and the first sighting member and the gear lever are integrated and not detachable.

As shown in fig. 13, the aiming block 2 further includes a lock 3 for locking or unlocking the first aiming block 21 and the second aiming block 22 in order to quickly adjust the height of the second aiming block 22 and fix the second aiming block 22 with the first aiming block 21. The first aiming member 21 is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves 214 arranged along the height direction of the first aiming member 21, one first hole site 211 corresponds to one limiting groove 214, and the second aiming member 22 is provided with limiting grooves 214 in the corresponding first aiming member 21 area at the initial position. The second aiming block 22 is provided with a chute extending in the height direction thereof. The lock 3 includes a movable lever 31, an elastic member 32, and a stopper 33. The movable rod 31 is slidably disposed in the chute and is at least partially located outside the second sight 22. The movable rod 31 is provided with an unlocking groove 310. The elastic piece 32 is arranged in the chute, and one end of the elastic piece 32 is propped against the bottom of the movable rod 31. The limiting member 33 is disposed on the second aiming member 22, and the limiting member 33 is configured to be inserted into any one of the limiting grooves 214. When the movable rod 31 is pressed to slide to the unlocking position, the limiting piece 33 is aligned to the unlocking groove 310, at this time, the second aiming piece 22 can be moved, the second aiming piece 22 drives the limiting piece 33 to move, the side wall of the first aiming piece pushes the limiting piece 33 to enter the unlocking groove more, and the second aiming piece 22 is unlocked with the first aiming piece 21. When the second aiming member 22 drives the limiting member to move in place, the limiting member 33 aligns to the proper limiting groove 214, the movable rod 31 is released, the movable rod 31 is pushed by the elastic member 32 to slide to the locking position, the limiting member 33 is pushed by the movable rod 31 to be embedded into the limiting groove 214 and located outside the unlocking groove 310 to abut against the side wall of the movable rod 31, and the second aiming member 22 is locked and fixed with the first aiming member 21. Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, the limiting grooves 214 have three limiting grooves, which correspond to the centers of the two second holes 221, respectively, and the symmetry center of the module where the vertical "8" holes are located (the symmetry center of the first aiming device 21). When the second sight 22 is positioned at the initial position and fixed to the first sight 21, the second sight 22 is aligned with the stopper 33 to the stopper groove 214 at the center of symmetry of the first sight 21, and the lever side wall of the movable lever 31 pushes the stopper 33 to be inserted into the stopper groove 214, in which state the second sight 22 is positioned at the initial position and locked to the first sight 21. When unlocking is needed, the movable rod 31 is pressed, the limiting piece 33 is aligned to the unlocking groove 310, the second aiming piece 22 is slightly moved, the limiting piece 33 is pushed into the unlocking groove by the side wall of the first aiming piece, the first aiming piece 21 and the second aiming piece 22 can flexibly move, and the second aiming piece 22 is moved to a position needing to be moved. When the movable rod 31 is released, the elastic member 32 can be a spring or a spring sheet to push the movable rod 31 to enable the limiting member 33 to slide out of the unlocking slot 310, so that the freedom degree of the first aiming member 21 and the second aiming member 22 in the sliding direction is limited, and locking can be realized. The surface of the limiting member 33 which is integrally formed as a ball member or is inserted into the unlocking groove 310 and the limiting groove 214 is a rounded corner surface. By means of the structural design, the first sighting piece 21 and the second sighting piece 22 can be locked, and operation is convenient. In addition, in order to facilitate sliding of the second aiming member 22 relative to the first aiming member 21, a notch is provided at the distal end of the first aiming member 21, and a protrusion block is provided at the proximal end of the second aiming member 22, which is embedded in the notch, and the mating sliding structure of the first aiming member 21 and the second aiming member 22 may be a dovetail groove structure, which is identical to the mating structure of the first aiming member 21 and the gear lever 1. Through movable rod and elastic component cooperation, press the movable rod and realize the unblock, loosen the movable rod and can realize locking, whole regulation simple structure is convenient, reduces operation time.

The locking connection 30 for locking the first sight 21 and the gear lever 1 is substantially identical to the locking part 3 for locking the first sight 21 and the second sight 22, the first sight 21 and the gear lever 1 are locked in only one gear, a limit groove is provided on the gear lever 1, and other movable levers, elastic members and limit members have the same structure as described above and will not be described herein.

In other embodiments, the immediate locking structure between the first and second sight, the first sight and the gear lever may be of other types, or the module in which the movable lever is located may be different from that in the present embodiment.

Further, the aiming module is provided with a plurality of first hole sites in different aiming modules. The plurality of aiming modules are arranged, when the first hole site is locked with the distal hole of the intramedullary nail in operation, if the first hole site on one aiming module cannot correspond to the distal hole of the intramedullary nail, the aiming module of another model can be replaced immediately. The modules are exchanged according to a certain order, and the learning curve is short, so that the operation time is shortened, and the risk of wound infection is reduced.

Further, when the second sight 22 is in the initial position, the distance between the center of the first hole site 211 and the center of the second hole site 221 in each of the sight modules along the height direction of the first sight 21 is the sight pitch. One aiming module has at least two aiming hole distances, and at least two aiming hole distances of at least one aiming module in the plurality of aiming modules are the same. Two adjacent aiming holes of at least one aiming module in the plurality of aiming modules are different in distance. Specifically, two interchangeable aiming modules are taken as an example, as shown in fig. 11, aiming hole distances h1 and h2 in one aiming module 2 are the same and are 4.5 mm, and as shown in fig. 12, aiming hole distances h3 and h4 in the other aiming module 4 are different and are 3mm and 6mm respectively, and in the same aiming module, the first guide grooves 210 are the same in shape and size but are different in position height in the aiming module. in use, the aiming module 2 with the aiming hole distance of 4.5mm can be firstly used, and the operation is carried out according to the following steps that firstly, the aiming module 2 with the aiming hole distance of 4.5mm is installed on the gear lever 1, a transverse infinity-shaped hole at the tail end of the second aiming piece 22 is drilled, the hole is a pre-judging hole, an X-ray film is shot along the sagittal position of a patient limb, and the locking nail hole at the far end of the intramedullary nail 500 is checked in the expected upward or downward direction; secondly, selecting a first hole site 211 in the first aiming component 21, firstly punching a hole on a patient affected limb 400 by using an annular drill 7 with the drill bit of 2.5mm in an intramedullary nail lock hole positioning module 600 and a drill bushing 6 to form a pre-drilled hole 410 through the first hole site 211 in cooperation with a central guide 8, checking whether the central guide 8 passes through a screw hole on the intramedullary nail 500 smoothly, if the hole passes through smoothly, the other aiming module 4 is not required to be replaced, but operates according to the using steps of the aiming module described above, if the hole does not pass through the screw hole on the intramedullary nail 500, at the moment, the aiming module of another model needs to be started, fine adjustment is realized by utilizing the aiming hole distance of the aiming module, a locking connecting piece is pressed, the aiming module with the unlocking aiming hole distance of 4.5mm is quickly connected with the gear lever 1 in the same way, the other aiming module 4 in fig. 12 is locked by the locking connecting piece, a new position relation is formed, at the moment, the aiming module 4 is directly shifted to the second step (the first hole site 411 and the second hole site 421 is used in the smooth passage, the aiming module 4 is the hole in the direction of the first step, the aiming hole is the hole of the pre-drilled hole of which is the hole of 2mm, and the aiming hole is the hole of the expected to be the hole 2mm is the hole-5 mm in the direction of the hole is the hole 500); i.e. directly selecting the appropriate first hole position 411 in the vertical "8" shaped hole of the newly replaced aiming block 4, firstly, punching a patient affected bone 400 through a first hole 211 by using an annular drill 7 with the drill bit of 2.5mm in an intramedullary nail lock hole positioning module 600 and a drill bushing 6 to form a pre-drilled hole 410 in cooperation with a center guide 8, after checking that the center guide 8 smoothly passes through a screw hole on the intramedullary nail 500, withdrawing the annular drill 7 and the drill bushing 6 which form the pre-drilled hole 410, inserting the annular drill 7 with the large diameter and the drill bushing 6 to the expected diameter of 4mm-4.5mm, and finishing the installation of a locking screw in a vertical 8-shaped hole, and thirdly, pressing a locking piece, adjusting the center connecting line of a second hole 421 at the far end and the center of a first hole 411 of the locking nail installed in the second step to be on the same straight line, and finishing the installation of the second locking screw at the far end according to the steps of pre-drilled hole 410, re-reaming and installing the locking screw. In this embodiment, two types of aiming modules are taken as an example, more types of aiming modules can be used, and the appropriate types can be replaced in operation according to the implementation and use requirements, and the above size data can be replaced according to the actual requirements, not limited to the above. How to detect whether the center guide 8 passes through the screw hole of the intramedullary nail 500 in the second step of the above steps is described in detail with reference to the above step 2 probe hole in the method of using the intramedullary nail locking hole positioning module 600 and the center guide 8.

Further, the same two aiming hole distances h1 and h2 in the aiming block 2 as in fig. 11 range from 4.5 mm to 5.5mm, and the adjacent two different aiming hole distances h3 and h4 in the aiming block 4 as in fig. 12 range from 3 to 4mm and from 6 to 7mm, respectively. Alternatively, the two different aiming hole distances h3 and h4 may be a combination of 3mm and 6mm, or a combination of 4mm and 5mm, respectively. Thus, after the first hole site 211 in one aiming module is selected to be unsuitable for drilling the affected bone 400, the hole formed by drilling and reaming the affected bone 400 with the first hole site 211 in another suitable aiming module can be expanded to the first drilled hole in the affected bone 400 without causing excessive damage to the affected bone 400.

As shown in fig. 5 and 8, the intramedullary nail keyhole positioning apparatus includes a plurality of intramedullary nail keyhole positioning modules 600 and a center guide 8 in the above embodiment, at least two annular drills 7 in the plurality of intramedullary nail keyhole positioning modules 600 have different outer diameters, that is, the number of intramedullary nail keyhole positioning apparatuses may be greater than 3, wherein the outer diameters of the two annular drills 7 are the same, the number is greater than 3 or 2, the annular drills 7 are planned as required from the outer diameter dimension, the center guide 8 is used for inserting through or extracting from the through hole 71 of the annular drill 7, and the annular drill 7 and the center guide 8 are rotatably arranged after the center guide 8 is inserted into the through hole 71. Each annular drill 7 is inserted in the drill bushing 6 in a mating manner, wherein the annular drill 7 of small outer diameter cooperates with the drill bushing 6 for forming the pre-drilled hole 410, and the annular drill 7 of large outer diameter cooperates with the drill bushing 6 for reaming. Checking through the center guide 8 whether the pre-drilled hole 410 on the affected limb bone 400 is on the same axis as the locking nail hole 510 on the intramedullary nail 500, the doctor can distinguish through the touch of the head of the center guide 8, can distinguish through the insertion depth, can have a scale ring on the center guide 8, can judge whether the center guide 8 passes through the locking nail hole 510 on the intramedullary nail 500 through the comparison of the insertion depth of the center guide 8 and the length of the annular drill 7.

Specifically, the center guide 8 is made of metal, preferably nickel-titanium alloy, has good wear resistance, and has a diameter of 1.9-2.5mm, which is slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner hole of the annular drill 7 for reaming. In determining whether the pre-drilled hole 410 in the affected limb bone 400 is on the same axis as the locking pin hole 510 in the intramedullary nail 500, the physician can distinguish between metal to metal and metal to cortical bone sensations by the tactile sensation of the head of the center guide 8.

The central axis of the channel 61 of at least one drill sleeve 6 of the plurality of intramedullary nail keyhole positioning modules 600 is offset from the central axis of the drill sleeve 6, and the central axis of the channel 61 of at least one drill sleeve 6 of the plurality of intramedullary nail keyhole positioning modules 600 is coaxial with the central axis of the drill sleeve 6.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the distal end of the center guide 8 is a tip 81, the outermost tip of the tip 81 coincides with the side edge of the center guide 8, and the tip 81 is not provided at the center position. The center guide 8 is used as a hole position "probe", specifically, the pre-drilled hole 410 is made on the affected limb bone 400, the two hole centers of the pre-drilled hole 410 and the lock pin hole 510 on the intramedullary nail 500 inserted into the intramedullary cavity are not at ideal positions, a certain deviation exists, the center guide 8 cannot smoothly penetrate into the lock pin hole 510 on the intramedullary nail 500, at the moment, the center guide 8 can be tried to rotate, the eccentric tip 81 is used for designing and probing the position of the overlapping area of the two holes, after the tip 81 is inserted, the center guide 8 is inserted to the expected depth, the friction feeling between the center guide 8 and the lock pin hole wall on the intramedullary nail 500 can be perceived in the inserting process, then the currently used annular drill 7 is replaced by the eccentric annular drill 7 for reaming, and the placing direction of the eccentric annular drill 7 is judged according to the rotating direction of the center guide 8, so that the drilling deviation correction can be realized through the center guide 8. Preferably, when the deviation between the pre-drilled hole 410 and the two holes of the locking pin hole 510 on the intramedullary nail 500 inserted into the medullary cavity is within 2mm, a certain prying action is achieved by inserting the eccentric tip 81, and the deviation of the drilled hole is corrected by 1-1.5mm with the help of the eccentric annular drill 7. When the locking nail hole is pre-drilled, the fine adjustment of the hole position is performed through the annular drill, the adjustment frequency of the aiming bracket is reduced, the operation efficiency is improved through optimizing from the detail, the fine adjustment operation of the aiming bracket in the prior art is relatively complicated, and the position fine adjustment can be realized only by rotating the eccentric annular drill.

Further, as shown in fig. 6, the angle a of the tip portion 81 ranges from 30 ° to 45 °. Alternatively, the angle a of the tip portion 81 is 35 °,40 °, or 42 °. The end of the center guide 8 remote from the tip portion 81 has a tip indication position so that at least the tip portion 81 can be oriented, such as the tail section of the center guide 8 (the end remote from the tip portion 81) is "D" shaped.

In addition, as shown in fig. 7, the outer circumference of the center guide 8 starts to have a groove, an insert 82 is provided in the groove, and the insert 82 protrudes outside the groove. The insert 82 is disposed behind the center guide 8 to form an assembly having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the annular drill 7.

Further, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the insert 82 is resilient and is a C-ring. Specifically, grooves are designed in the head 1/3 area, the middle area and the tail 1/3 area of the center guide 8, the embedded part 82 is arranged in the grooves, the embedded part 82 has certain elasticity, the outer diameter in a free state is slightly larger than that of the center guide 8, the embedded part 82 can be basically accommodated in the grooves when being extruded and contracted, the outer diameter of the embedded part 82 is slightly smaller than that of the center hole of the annular drill 7 when being tightened, the embedded part is used for helping the center guide 8 and the annular drill 7 to realize better relative rotation, particularly when the straightness of the center guide 8 is lost, the annular drill 7 can still rotate around the center guide 8, the contact area between the center guide 8 and the wall of the through hole 71 of the annular drill 7 is reduced with the help of the embedded part 82, and the friction resistance in the rotation process is reduced. It will be appreciated that the grooves may be provided in other areas of the centre guide 8, the number being 1 or more.

When the intramedullary nail lockhole positioning device is used, taking the first hole position 211 as an example, in the step 1, a pre-drilling hole 410 is drilled, an annular drill 7 with the head diameter of 2.5mm and a drill sleeve 6 penetrate through the first hole position 211 together to drill holes preferentially, the annular drill 7 selects a smaller diameter, and enough bone mass is reserved for subsequent position correction after the position of the pre-drilling hole 410 deviates from an ideal position. Step 2, exploring holes; scenario 1, after the annular drill 7 used in step 1 is pulled out, a central guider 8 is used for exploring holes, and the function of an orthopaedics 'probe' is similar; as shown in fig. 17, 18 and 19, the small circle is shown as a pre-drilled hole 410 which is made by operating on the affected limb bone 400 in the step 1, the large circle on the outer circle is shown as a locking pin hole 510 which is inserted into an intramedullary nail 500 of a marrow cavity, the two hole centers are not at ideal positions in the operation and have certain deviation, as shown in the eccentric situation 1 in fig. 17, the deviation of the two hole centers is smaller than 1-1.25mm, the center guide 8 can be smoothly penetrated, and in this case, the installation of the locking screw can be smoothly completed by using a standard annular drill 7 with a larger diameter (3-3.5 mm or 4-4.5 mm) for reaming; if another scenario 2 appears as shown in fig. 18, step 3 is performed, after the annular drill 7 used in step 1 is pulled out, the hole is probed by using the center guide 8, similar to the effect of an orthopaedics "probe", the small circle is shown as a pre-drilled hole 410 made by the operation of step 1 on the femur, the outer circle is shown as a locking pin hole 510 on an intramedullary nail 500 inserted into a medullary cavity, the hole centers are not at ideal positions in general, a certain deviation exists in the operation, when the eccentric situation 2 as shown in fig. 18 appears, the deviation of the hole centers is larger than 1-1.25mm, the overlapping area of the two holes is smaller than the diameter of the pre-drilled hole 410 and smaller than the outer diameter of the center guide 8, the center guide 8 cannot be used for smoothly penetrating the locking pin hole 510 (large circle) on the intramedullary nail 500, at this time, the center guide 8 can be tried to be rotated, the position of the overlapping area of the two holes is designed by using the tip 81 of the eccentric tip end of the center guide 8, after the tip 81 is probed, the center guide 8 is inserted to the expected depth, the sense of friction between the center guide 8 and the walls of the (large circle) locking holes 510 in the intramedullary nail is perceived during insertion. And 4, reaming, namely selecting an eccentric annular drill 7 when the situation 2 in the step 3 is met, judging the placing direction of the eccentric annular drill 7 according to the rotating direction of the central guide 8 during operation, wherein the tail section of the central guide 8 is in a D shape, so that the judgment of the rotating position of the central guide 8 can be helped, and during reaming, the central guide 8 can be selectively pulled out, namely firstly pulling out the central guide 8, then reaming by using the eccentric annular drill 7, or penetrating the eccentric annular drill 7 through the central guide 8, and then reaming is finished. The dimensions in the above steps may be replaced in more practical need, but are not limited thereto. In addition, the extraction or insertion of the annular drills 7 is used together with the drill bushing 6 associated with each annular drill 7.

Specifically, the intramedullary nail aiming system is used as follows:

step 100, as shown in fig. 8, inserting an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 provided with a center guide 8 into a second hole 221, and controlling the annular drill 7 to punch a predetermined hole on a target object;

step 200, as shown in fig. 14, extracting the center guide 8 inserted in the second hole 221;

Step 300, as shown in fig. 15, inserting an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 provided with a central guide 8 into a suitable first hole site 211, and controlling the annular drill 7 to punch a pre-drilled hole 410 on a target object;

step 400, as shown in fig. 16, extracting the intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 inserted in the first hole site 211 and probing the hole with the center guide 8;

step 500, judging whether to replace other types of aiming modules according to the exploratory situation of the center guide 8;

if necessary, step 600, replacing another model aiming module 4;

Step 700, inserting an intramedullary nail lock hole positioning module 600 provided with a center guide 8 into a first hole position 411 and a second hole position 421 of the newly replaced aiming module, wherein the first hole position 411 is provided with the intramedullary nail lock hole positioning module 600 for reaming;

Step 800, controlling the annular drill 7 of the intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 in the first hole position 411 to ream the pre-drilled hole 410 to form a keyhole;

if not, the aiming module is not replaced;

Step 900, replacing the intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 with the annular drill 7 of other sizes in the first hole site 211;

step 1100, the annular drill 7 of the newly replaced intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 is controlled to ream the pre-drilled hole 410 to form a keyhole.

Step 1200, adjusting the second aiming feature in use to position the center line of the second hole site on the same horizontal line as the center of the first hole site inserted by the intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600, specifically, extracting the intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 from the second hole site during adjusting the second aiming module, so as to move the second aiming module, and specifically, how to move the second aiming mode is described above and not described in detail herein.

Step 1300, inserting an intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 for reaming in the second hole site, and reaming the pre-determined hole. The specific intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module 600 insertion process may be the same as described above and will not be described in detail herein.

In addition, the distal end of the center guide 8 is a tip portion 81, and the outermost tip of the tip portion 81 coincides with the side edge of the center guide 8. Step the center guide 8 is provided with a hole and judges whether other types of aiming modules need to be replaced or not, and the steps are as follows:

controlling the tip 81 of the center guide 8 to detect toward the target;

if the tip 81 of the center guide 8 passes through the locking pin hole 510 of the target object, no other aiming module needs to be replaced;

If the tip 81 of the center guide 8 does not pass through the locking pin hole 510 of the target object;

After rotating the center guide 8 by a preset angle, controlling the tip 81 of the center guide 8 to detect toward the target object again;

if the tip 81 of the rotated center guide 8 passes through the locking pin hole 510 of the target object, the other types of aiming modules are not required to be replaced, the other types of intramedullary pin locking hole positioning modules 600 are replaced for reaming, and the central axis of the channel 61 of the drill sleeve 6 of the intramedullary pin locking hole positioning module 600 is deviated from the central axis of the drill sleeve 6;

if the tip 81 of the rotated center guide 8 does not pass through the locking pin hole 510 of the target object, the other type of aiming module is replaced, and the specific replacing method and the following type are as shown in the above embodiment, and will not be described in detail.

That is, taking the outer diameter of the perforated annular drill 7 as 2.5mm and the outer diameter of the reamed annular drill 7 as 4.5mm as an example, in the first step, the 2.5mm annular drill 7 matched with the center guide 8 (the annular drill 7 is matched with the drill sleeve 6) is inserted into the horizontal '+' shaped hole, so that the annular drill 7 is not easy to scratch and damage soft tissues when penetrating through an operation incision; the method comprises the steps of extracting a center guide 8, connecting operation power to the tail of a 2.5mm annular drill 7, drilling a 2.5mm pre-drilled hole 410 on the cortical bone of a patient limb, shooting an X-ray film once, estimating the distance between a distal hole of an intramedullary nail and the central axis of the annular drill 7, selecting a proper aiming module with a vertical 8-shaped hole according to the estimated distance, defaulting to a aiming module with a 4.5mm hole site, installing the 2.5mm annular drill 7 matched with the center guide 8 in the proper first hole site 211 according to the method of the first step, completing the perforation of the pre-drilled hole 410, extracting the annular drill 7 and a drill sleeve 6, judging the position relation between the pre-drilled hole 410 on the cortical bone 400 of the patient limb and a locking nail hole 510 on the intramedullary nail according to the estimated distance, and the three conditions that the point 81 of the center guide 8 smoothly passes through the intramedullary nail locking nail hole 510 according to the estimated distance, smoothly using the annular drill 7 b (as shown in figure 17), rotating the metal drill 8 b to the metal drill 8 to a certain eccentric angle after the eccentric drill is rotated to a certain angle (as shown in figure 3 c) and rotating the metal drill 8 to the eccentric drill is rotated to a certain angle after the eccentric drill is rotated to a certain angle (as shown in figure 3), next, another standard aiming module 4 needs to be switched for reaming; step five, a ring drill 7 with proper specification is arranged in the position of the first hole 411 under the guiding of the center guider 8 (the ring drill 7 is matched with the drill sleeve 6) to finish reaming, the ring drill 7 can be selectively pulled out during reaming, after finishing reaming, a special tool is used to finish the installation of a first locking screw at the far end of the intramedullary nail, step six, the ring drill 7 and the drill sleeve 6 in the second hole 421 are pulled out to unlock the locking piece 3, the center of a horizontal 'infinity' shaped hole on the second aiming piece and the center of a vertical '8' shaped hole on the first aiming piece are adjusted to be on the same straight line, an arrow is aligned with a certain scale mark, the ring drill 7 with proper specification is arranged in the horizontal 'infinity' shaped hole to finish reaming, and after finishing reaming, a second locking screw at the far end is arranged by the special tool.

In addition, in the fourth step 3, another specification of the aiming block is switched, and the heights of the first holes in different aiming blocks are different, specifically, when the second aiming block 22 is in the initial position, the distance between the center of the first hole 211 and the center of the second hole 221 in each aiming block along the height direction of the first aiming block 21 is the aiming hole pitch. One aiming module has at least two aiming hole distances, and at least two aiming hole distances of at least one aiming module in the plurality of aiming modules are the same. Two adjacent aiming holes of at least one aiming module in the plurality of aiming modules are different in distance. Specifically, two interchangeable aiming modules are taken as an example, as shown in fig. 11, aiming hole distances h1 and h2 in one aiming module 2 are the same and are 4.5 mm, and as shown in fig. 12, aiming hole distances h3 and h4 in the other aiming module 4 are different and are 3mm and 6mm respectively, and in the same aiming module, the first guide grooves 210 are the same in shape and size but are different in position height in the aiming module. In use, the aiming module 2 with the aiming hole distance of 4.5 mm can be used first, and after the exploratory hole is unsuitable, the other aiming module is replaced, and the reaming operation is carried out through the first hole site and the second hole site of the other aiming module, which is similar to the reaming operation after replacing the other aiming module, and is not repeated here.

It is to be noted that this embodiment is a system embodiment corresponding to the first embodiment, and this embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment. The related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and in order to reduce repetition, they are not described here again. Accordingly, the related-art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment.

The third implementation of the invention relates to an intramedullary nail aiming system, which comprises a gear rod, an aiming module and an intramedullary nail lockhole positioning device, wherein the intramedullary nail lockhole positioning device is used for being inserted into or pulled out of a first hole site and/or a second hole site. Specific embodiments have been described above and will not be described in detail herein.

The intramedullary nail lockhole positioning module realized in the embodiment is matched with the center guider when being inserted into the first hole site or the second hole site, and can be arranged according to the requirements in actual use.

While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, it should be understood that aspects of the embodiments can be modified, if necessary, to employ aspects, features and concepts of the various patents, applications and publications to provide yet further embodiments.

These and other changes can be made to the embodiments in light of the above detailed description. In general, in the claims, the terms used should not be construed to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and the claims, but should be construed to include all possible embodiments along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples of carrying out the invention and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail lock hole positioning device, characterized in that it comprises: a plurality of intramedullary nail lock hole positioning modules and a central guide;

Intramedullary nail keyhole positioning module, including:

a drill sleeve having a passage extending therethrough and along its length;

an annular drill, the annular drill is rotatably connected to the drill sleeve and inserted into the channel, and both ends of the annular drill are located outside the drill sleeve; the annular drill is provided with a through hole, and the through hole extends along the length direction of the annular drill and passes through the annular drill; a bearing is provided between the drill sleeve and the annular drill, and the drill sleeve and the annular drill cooperate to form an integral part; at least two annular drills in the plurality of intramedullary nail locking hole positioning modules have different outer diameters;

The center guide is used to be inserted into or pulled out of the through hole of the annular drill; and after the center guide is inserted into and through the through hole, the annular drill and the center guide can be rotatably arranged;

The distal end of the central guide is a tip portion, and the outermost tip of the tip portion coincides with the side edge of the central guide;

The central axis of the channel of at least one of the drill sleeves in the plurality of intramedullary nail locking hole positioning modules deviates from the central axis of the drill sleeve;

The central axis of the channel of at least one drill sleeve in the plurality of intramedullary nail locking hole positioning modules is coaxial with the central axis of the drill sleeve.

2. The intramedullary nail locking hole positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearings are embedded at both ends of the drill sleeve, and the bearing sleeve is arranged outside the annular drill.

3. The intramedullary nail locking hole positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular drill is a stainless steel annular drill; the drill sleeve is a plastic drill sleeve;

The outer diameter of the annular drill is in the range of 2 mm to 4.5 mm; the outer diameter of the drill sleeve is in the range of 9 mm to 11 mm.

4. The intramedullary nail locking hole positioning device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the angle range of the tip portion is 30°-45°; and the end of the center guide away from the tip portion has a tip indication position.

5. The intramedullary nail locking hole positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that a groove is provided on the outer periphery of the central guide, an embedded part is provided in the groove, and the embedded part protrudes out of the groove;

The outer diameter of the assembly formed by the insert being arranged behind the center guide is smaller than the inner diameter of the annular drill.

6. The intramedullary nail locking hole positioning device according to claim 5 is characterized in that the embedded part is elastic and is a C-shaped ring; and the center guide is made of nickel-titanium alloy.

7. An intramedullary nail aiming system, comprising:

A gear lever, the gear lever having a distal end and a proximal end; the direction from the distal end to the proximal end of the gear lever is the length direction of the gear lever;

A targeting module, the targeting module comprising:

a first aiming member, the first aiming member is connected to the distal end of the gear lever, and the first aiming member is provided with a first guide groove penetrating along the thickness direction thereof; the first guide groove has a plurality of first holes arranged along the height direction of the first aiming member; the height direction of the first aiming member, the length direction of the gear lever and the thickness direction of the first aiming member are perpendicular to each other; and

a second aiming member, the second aiming member is slidably connected to the first aiming member along a height direction of the first aiming member, and the first aiming member is located between the gear lever and the second aiming member; a second guide groove is provided on the second aiming member and penetrates along a thickness direction thereof; the second guide groove has a second hole position;

The second aiming member has an initial position and an aiming position; when the second aiming member is in the aiming position, the center of the second hole position and the center of any of the first hole positions are located on the same horizontal line, and the first aiming member and the second aiming member are locked and fixed;

The intramedullary nail locking hole positioning device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the intramedullary nail locking hole positioning device is used to insert or remove the first hole position and/or the second hole position.