CN118836039A - Tunnel emergency escape facility - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel emergency escape facility, which comprises a track base and is characterized in that: the device comprises a track base, a plurality of evenly arranged sliding rails, a limiting rail, a limiting strip and clamping grooves, wherein the sliding rails are arranged on the track base, the limiting rails are arranged in the middle of the upper side of the track base and are alternately arranged on two sides of the track base, the limiting strip is arranged in the limiting rail and is fixed at the center of the lower side of a movable supporting plate, and the clamping grooves are respectively formed in two ends of one side of the movable supporting plate; the track base is provided with a transmission assembly corresponding to the position of each sliding rail, and the transmission assembly is used for moving the movable supporting plates. The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel escape facilities, in particular to a tunnel emergency escape facility capable of rapidly and effectively helping people to safely evacuate under emergency conditions through movement of a movable supporting plate.

Description

Tunnel emergency escape facility

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel escape facilities, in particular to a tunnel emergency escape facility.

Background Art

In recent years, with the rapid development of highway construction in my country, highway tunnels are getting longer and longer, and have become an indispensable "green channel" in people's lives. In tunnel projects, in order to ensure the safety of vehicles and pedestrians, the setting of escape facilities and the formulation of emergency plans must be considered in tunnel construction. Among them, the setting of escape channels is a very important task. In order to meet safety requirements, when designing and constructing tunnels, it is necessary to reasonably determine the number of escape channels based on factors such as terrain, tunnel length, and traffic flow. Usually, an escape channel needs to be set up every 500 meters or so. At the same time, for longer tunnels, the number of escape channels needs to be increased. For example, if a tunnel is more than 5 kilometers long, more than 3 escape channels need to be set up. The setting of tunnel escape channels is an important part of tunnel engineering that cannot be ignored. The number, location, and construction materials of the channels need to meet certain requirements to ensure the safety of pedestrians and vehicles. When designing and constructing tunnels, they must be set up in strict accordance with national standards and relevant regulations, and emergency management measures such as plan drills must be strengthened to ensure the safety of tunnels.

After searching, the prior art, such as a guide rail type tunnel wall rescue escape vehicle with application number CN106869992B, provides a guide rail type tunnel wall rescue escape vehicle, including: a lifting track and an escape vehicle body movable along the lifting track; the escape vehicle body includes: a sliding structure, a frame and a fire-resistant board platform matching the lifting track; the lifting track is provided with a fastening structure for fixing on the tunnel wall; the frame is movably connected to the lifting track through the sliding structure; the fire-resistant board platform is placed on the frame and is pivotally connected to the frame through a pivot shaft; a flip-up smoke hood is provided on the fire-resistant platform.

The overhead double-tube tunnel construction escape device with application number CN104088661B provides an overhead double-tube tunnel construction escape device, which relates to a device for providing escape for workers when a tunnel collapses. It is mainly designed to solve the problem that workers have no way to escape after a tunnel collapse. It includes two groups of supports, both groups of supports have rollers on their tops, escape steel pipes are placed on the rollers of the two groups of supports, the escape steel pipes are provided with fixed sleeves, the fixed sleeves are connected to the two groups of supports by bolts, and both ends of the escape steel pipes have traction hooks; both groups of gantry brackets have rollers on their tops, the protection steel pipes are placed on the rollers of the two groups of gantry brackets, the protection steel pipes are located directly above the escape steel pipes, the protection steel pipes also have fixed sleeves, the fixed sleeves are also connected and fixed to the two groups of gantry frames by bolts, and both ends of the protection steel pipes also have traction hooks; it also includes two traction brackets and two winches, and both traction brackets have rollers in the middle and top. The advantage is that when a landslide occurs, workers can evacuate safely from the escape steel pipe.

The above two designs do not take into account the possibility of partial collapse or power outage in an emergency when achieving escape. If there is a problem at any point in the entire track, the entire track may be unusable. Some wounded people and supplies require equipment that can provide assistance in transportation, so a tunnel emergency escape facility is provided.

Summary of the invention

The invention provides a tunnel emergency escape facility, which can quickly and effectively help people to evacuate safely in an emergency by moving a mobile supporting plate.

A tunnel emergency escape facility, comprising a track base, characterized in that: a plurality of evenly arranged slide rails are arranged on the track base, a limit track is arranged in the middle of the upper side of the track base, the slide rails are alternately arranged on both sides of the track base, a limit strip is arranged in the limit track, the limit strip is fixed at the lower center of a movable support plate, and a card slot is respectively arranged at both ends of one side of the movable support plate;

The rail base is provided with a transmission component at a position corresponding to each of the slide rails, and the transmission component is used for moving the movable pallet;

The transmission assembly includes symmetrically arranged bearing seats, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of one end of the track base, and the bearing seats are respectively connected to the two ends of the rotating roller with bearings, and the middle of the rotating roller is fixedly connected to the sprocket. A support seat is fixed to one side of the other end of the slide rail, and the support seat is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft. One end of the rotating shaft is fixed to another sprocket, and the two sprockets are driven by a chain;

The sprocket is arranged inside the slide rail, the chain is fixedly connected to a clamping block, and the clamping block is used to clamp a corresponding clamping groove on one side of the movable support plate to enable the movable support plate to move;

A plurality of light sensors are arranged on the rail base, and each of the light sensors is arranged at an entry end of the slide rail corresponding to the traveling direction of the movable pallet.

As a further limitation of the present technical solution, another sprocket fixes the output shaft of the motor, the motor fixes the motor bracket, and the motor bracket fixes the lower side of the track base.

As a further limitation of the present technical solution, a connecting support plate is also provided on the rail base.

As a further limitation of the technical solution, another limiting strip is fixed to the lower side of the connecting support plate, and the limiting strip is arranged in the limiting track.

As a further limitation of the present technical solution, the movable pallet is also connected to the connecting pallet through a connecting assembly, another limiting bar is fixed to the lower side of the connecting pallet, the limiting bar is arranged in the limiting track, the connecting assembly includes a fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixed to the middle of the other side of the movable pallet, a fixing block is fixed to the middle of the upper side of the connecting pallet, the fixing block is fixedly connected to a side of the limiting bar, a group of openings on the circular arc wall are arranged evenly around the fixed sleeve, a top shaft is arranged in the center of the fixed sleeve, and the top shaft is fixed The fixing block is fixed, and the fixing plate fixes the electric push rod. The telescopic rod of the electric push rod passes through the fixing plate and is fixedly connected to the center of the cross rod. The cross rod is cross-shaped, and the center of the cross rod is fixedly connected to a spring. The spring passes through the center hole of the fixing ring, and the arc-shaped wall surface of the fixing ring is fixed with one end of one side of a group of L-shaped rods evenly arranged in a circle, and the outer end of each of the other sides is respectively fixedly connected to the fixing plate, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top rod, and the other end of the top rod is fixedly connected to the top block, and the top block can resist the outer end of the top shaft.

As a further limitation of the present technical solution, one end of one side of each L-shaped rod is hinged to one end of a swing rod a, and the other end of one side of each L-shaped rod is respectively hinged to the corner of the V-shaped connecting rod, the other end of each swing rod a and one end of each V-shaped connecting rod are respectively hinged to the two ends of the ear block, each of the ear blocks is respectively fixedly connected to one end of the connecting block, and the other end of each connecting block is respectively fixedly connected to the stop block, the connecting block and the stop block are arranged in the fixed sleeve, the connecting block and the stop block correspond to the opening on the fixed sleeve, the stop block can be stuck in the opening, the other end of the V-shaped connecting rod is respectively hinged to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of each of the connecting rods is respectively hinged to the end of the cross rod.

As a further limitation of the present technical solution, the limiting track is a V-shaped groove, and the limiting bar is a triangular bar.

As a further limitation of the technical solution, the upper surfaces of the connecting support plate and the movable support plate are both provided with a rubber layer for anti-slip.

As a further limitation of the present technical solution, a controller is further provided, and the controller can communicate with the light sensor via a communication module, and the controller can control the motor.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

The motor drives the chain to drive the card block into the card slot, so that the card block drives the mobile pallet to move quickly, realize the rapid transfer of people and objects, and improve the escape efficiency;

The limit design of V-shaped groove and triangular bar ensures the stability of the mobile pallet during movement; the automatic control of the mobile pallet is realized through the cooperation of light sensor and controller;

The telescopic rod of the electric push rod of the connecting assembly extends to drive the cross-shaped rod to move, the cross-shaped rod drives the connecting rod to swing, the connecting rod drives the V-shaped rod to swing, the V-shaped rod drives the ear block to move, the ear block drives the swing rod a to swing, the ear block drives the connecting block and the resist block to move, the resist block is stuck in the opening on the fixed sleeve, the spring moves with the cross-shaped rod, the spring drives the top rod and the top block to move, the top block presses the top shaft tightly, the spring undergoes elastic deformation in this process, realizes the moderate contact between the top block and the top shaft, realizes the connection between the connecting pallet and the mobile pallet, increases the carrying capacity of the facility, and meets the escape needs of more people and objects;

A rubber layer is provided on the surface of the support plate to improve safety during escape and prevent slipping;

The slide rails are alternately arranged on both sides of the track base. The alternately arranged slide rails can more evenly distribute the load on the moving pallet and reduce the structural stress concentration caused by uneven load.

When the power supply at a certain location is damaged, it will not affect the propulsion at other locations. In extreme cases, if the propulsion device on one side is completely damaged, propulsion can still be achieved by the other side, and the damaged location can be pushed manually.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG2 is a second schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG4 is a second schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG5 is a third schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG6 is a fourth schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a fifth schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1, track base, 101, card block, 102, light sensor, 2, slide rail, 3, connecting support plate, 31, fixed block, 4, movable support plate, 41, card slot, 42, limit strip, 43, fixed plate, 5, limit track, 6, motor bracket, 7, motor, 8, sprocket, 9, support seat, 91, rotating shaft, 10, chain, 11, rotating roller, 12, bearing seat, 13, fixed sleeve, 13a, swing rod, 14, V-shaped connecting rod, 15, connecting rod, 16, L-shaped rod, 17, cross rod, 19, electric push rod, 20, spring, 21, fixing ring, 22, push rod, 221, push block, 23, connecting block, 24, stop block, 25, ear block, 26, top shaft.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

Embodiment 1: A tunnel emergency escape facility, comprising a track base 1, characterized in that: a plurality of evenly arranged slide rails 2 are arranged on the track base 1, a limiting track 5 is arranged in the middle of the upper side of the track base 1, the slide rails 2 are alternately arranged on both sides of the track base 1, a limiting strip 42 is arranged in the limiting track 5, the limiting strip 42 is fixed to the lower center of the movable support plate 4, and the two ends of one side of the movable support plate 4 are respectively provided with a card slot 41;

The rail base 1 is provided with a transmission component at a position corresponding to each of the slide rails 2, and the transmission component is used for moving the movable pallet 4;

The transmission assembly includes a symmetrically arranged bearing seat 12, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of one end of the track base 1, and the bearing seats 12 are respectively connected to the two ends of the rotating roller 11 with bearings, and the middle of the rotating roller 11 is fixedly connected to the sprocket 8, and a support seat 9 is fixed to one side of the other end of the slide rail 2, and the support seat 9 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 91, and one end of the rotating shaft 91 is fixed to another sprocket 8, and the two sprockets 8 are chain-driven by a chain 10;

The sprocket 8 is arranged inside the slide rail 2, and the chain 10 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 101, and the clamping block 101 is used to clamp the clamping slot 41 corresponding to one side of the movable support plate 4 to move the movable support plate 4;

A plurality of light sensors 102 are disposed on the rail base 1 , and each of the light sensors 102 is disposed at an entry end of the slide rail 2 corresponding to the travel direction of the movable pallet 4 .

In this embodiment, the slide rails 2 are alternately arranged on both sides of the track base 1. The alternately arranged slide rails can more evenly distribute the load on the mobile pallet 4 and reduce the structural stress concentration caused by uneven load. When the mobile pallet 4 moves on the track, the design of the alternate slide rails on both sides helps to reduce the tilt or offset of the movement of the pallet, thereby improving the stability of the overall structure and increasing the flexibility of movement. By alternately arranging the slide rails on both sides, a longer moving distance can be achieved in a limited space, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the escape facility. In an emergency, the alternately arranged slide rails help to achieve rapid and continuous transportation of personnel or items, thereby improving the overall efficiency of escape. When the power supply at a certain position is damaged, it does not affect the boosting at other positions. In extreme cases, if the boosting device on one side is completely damaged, the other side can still be used to achieve boosting, and the damaged position can be pushed manually.

The limit track 5 guides the limit bar 42, and the motor 7 can realize the rotation of the block 101 through the chain 10 and the sprocket 8, and through the fit between the block 101 and the slot 41, the movable pallet 4 is driven to move. When the movable pallet 4 moves to the next slide rail 2 and the movable pallet 4 covers the optical fiber sensor 102, the controller controls the motor 7 at the corresponding position to start. Under the drive of the motor 7, the sprocket 8 and the chain 10 rotate to drive the block 101 to rotate, so that the block 101 is inserted into the corresponding slot 41 and continues to drive the movable pallet 4 to move.

The other sprocket 8 fixes the output shaft of the motor 7 , the motor 7 fixes the motor bracket 6 , and the motor bracket 6 fixes the lower side of the track base 1 .

The limiting track 5 is a V-shaped groove, and the limiting bar 42 is a triangular bar.

A controller is also provided, and the controller can communicate with the light sensor 102 via a communication module, and the controller can control the motor 7 .

In this embodiment, the mobile support plate 4 is used to support people and objects, and emergency escape is achieved through the rapid movement of the mobile support plate 4.

In this embodiment, each of the motors 7 is independently provided, and the power supply is independently provided.

When an emergency occurs in the tunnel, the operator or the automation system activates the emergency escape facility through the controller. After receiving the start signal, the controller will start the relevant equipment, and several light sensors 102 arranged on the track base 1 will start working. First, people can push the movable pallet 4 forward. As the movable pallet 4 moves forward, the light sensor 102 first detects no light and then senses the light. When sensing the light, the motor 7 there executes the set program, and the transmission components corresponding to each slide rail 2 position are ready. The transmission components include bearing seats 12, rotating rollers 11, sprockets 8 and chains 10. The motor 7 at the escape position is fixed to the lower side of the track base 1 through the motor bracket 6. After the motor 7 is started, the sprocket 8 is driven to rotate through the chain 10. The block 101 on the chain 10 clamps the slot 41 on one side of the movable pallet 4 to ensure that the movable pallet 4 can move along As the slide rail 2 moves, the card block 101 provides assistance for the moving pallet 4 to move forward. When it moves to the next slide rail 2, the moving pallet 4 continues to move forward under the action of inertia. When the light sensor 102 at the next slide rail 2 is blocked by the moving pallet 4 and cannot detect light, and then senses light again, the controller sends a signal, the motor 7 drives the sprocket 8, and the card block 101 pushes the moving pallet 4 to move quickly along the slide rail 2 through the chain 10, driving the people or objects on the moving pallet 4 to move quickly with the moving pallet 4, and so on, to achieve alternating assistance to the left and right sides for the moving pallet 4, so as to push the people or objects on the moving pallet 4 to move along the slide rail 2 to the safe area. The limit rail 5 and the limit bar 42 ensure that the moving pallet 4 remains stable during the movement to prevent it from deviating from the track, and the moving pallet 4 quickly transfers the people or objects to the safe area or exit of the tunnel.

In this embodiment, the distance between the slide rails on both sides and the middle limiting track, the depth of the limiting track, etc. should be designed for applicability according to the size and weight of the moving pallet to be pushed, the friction force, etc., to ensure that it can be pushed without deflection or flipping.

Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, the same parts as Embodiment 1 are not described in detail. The difference from Embodiment 1 is that a connecting support plate 3 is further provided on the rail base 1.

The movable pallet 4 is also connected to the connecting pallet 3 through a connecting assembly, and another limiting strip 42 is fixed to the lower side of the connecting pallet 3, and the limiting strip 42 is arranged in the limiting track 5. The connecting assembly includes a fixing plate 43, and the fixing plate 43 is fixed to the middle of the other side of the movable pallet 4. A fixing block 31 is fixed to the middle of the upper side of the connecting pallet 3, and the fixing block 31 is fixed to a side of the limiting strip 42. A group of openings of the fixing sleeve 13 are evenly arranged on the circumference of the arc wall, and a top shaft 26 is arranged in the center of the fixing sleeve 13. The fixing plate 4 The electric push rod 19 is fixed, and the telescopic rod of the electric push rod 19 passes through the fixing plate 43 and is fixedly connected to the center of the cross-shaped rod 17. The cross-shaped rod 17 is cross-shaped, and the center of the cross-shaped rod 17 is fixedly connected to the spring 20, and the spring 20 passes through the center hole of the fixing ring 21. The arc-shaped wall surface of the fixing ring 21 is fixed with one end of one side of a group of L-shaped rods 16 evenly arranged in a circumference, and the other outer end of each 211 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 43 respectively, and the other end of the spring 20 is fixedly connected to the ejector rod 22, and the other end of the ejector rod 22 is fixedly connected to the ejector block 221, and the ejector block 221 can resist the outer end of the ejector shaft 26.

One end of one side of each L-shaped rod 16 is hinged to one end of the swing rod 13a, and the other end of one side of each L-shaped rod 16 is respectively hinged to the corner of the V-shaped connecting rod 14, the other end of each swing rod 13a and one end of each V-shaped connecting rod 14 are respectively hinged to the two ends of the ear block 25, each of the ear blocks 25 is respectively fixedly connected to one end of the connecting block 23, and the other end of each connecting block 23 is respectively fixedly connected to the stop block 24, the connecting block 23 and the stop block 24 are arranged in the fixed sleeve 13, the connecting block 23 and the stop block 24 correspond to the opening on the fixed sleeve 13, and the stop block 24 can be stuck in the opening, the other end of the V-shaped connecting rod 14 is respectively hinged to one end of the connecting rod 15, and the other end of each connecting rod 15 is respectively hinged to the end of the cross rod 17.

The upper surfaces of the connecting support plate 3 and the movable support plate 4 are both provided with a rubber layer for anti-slip.

In this embodiment, the connecting tray 3 and the movable tray 4 are connected together through a connecting assembly, which can carry more people and objects and facilitate emergency escape. During the forward movement, forces are applied in four directions without deflection.

Similar to the first embodiment, when an emergency occurs, the emergency escape facility is started, and the emergency escape facility is activated by the controller, including the mobile pallet 4 and the connecting assembly connecting the pallet 3. The electric push rod 19 on the fixed plate 43 is ready to push the connecting pallet 3 to connect with the mobile pallet 4. The telescopic rod of the electric push rod 19 extends to drive the cross rod 17 to move, the cross rod 17 drives the connecting rod 15 to swing, the connecting rod 15 drives the V-shaped rod 14 to swing, the V-shaped rod 14 drives the ear block 25 to move, the ear block 25 drives the swing rod 13a to swing, and the ear block 25 drives the connecting block 23 and The stop block 24 moves and is inserted into the opening on the fixed sleeve 13. The spring 20 moves along with the cross rod 17. The spring 20 drives the top rod 22 and the top block 221 to move. The top block 221 presses against the top shaft 26. The spring 20 undergoes elastic deformation in this process to achieve moderate contact between the top block 221 and the top shaft 26, thereby achieving the connection between the connecting pallet 3 and the movable pallet 4. The rubber layer on the upper surface of the connecting pallet 3 and the movable pallet 4 increases friction to prevent people or objects from sliding during movement. The movement of the connecting pallet 3 and the movable pallet 4 is the same as that in Example 1 and will not be repeated.

Embodiment 2 improves the carrying capacity and adaptability of the tunnel emergency escape facility by adding connecting components and connecting support plates 3, so that more people and objects can be more effectively helped to evacuate safely in an emergency.

Embodiment 3: This embodiment is a further elaboration of Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, a connecting support plate 3 is further provided on the rail base 1 .

Another limiting strip 42 is fixed to the lower side of the connecting support plate 3 , and the limiting strip 42 is arranged in the limiting track 5 .

In this embodiment, only a connecting pallet 3 is provided, and there may be several connecting pallets 3, but the connecting assembly in the second embodiment is not provided, and one side of the movable pallet 4 can contact one side of the connecting pallet 3 and push the connecting pallet 3 to move, and the contact surface between the connecting pallet 3 and the movable pallet 4 can be designed with a ball bearing, a ball bearing or a surface coated with an oil layer to achieve a smooth treatment, so that the movable pallet 4 can smoothly push the connecting pallet 3 to move, and during the movement, the movable pallet 4 and the connecting pallet 3 are connected in a row and move forward under the push of the movable pallet 4, and when the connecting pallet 3 and the movable pallet 4 move along the corresponding slide rail 2, the next one in the moving process is blocked by the first connecting pallet 3, and the light sensor 102 cannot sense the light, and when the light sensor 102 senses the light, it means that the movable pallet 4 at the rear end has left, and at this time the controller controls the motor 7 to work and continue to perform the pushing work.

The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A tunnel emergency escape facility, comprising a track base (1), characterized in that: a plurality of evenly arranged slide rails (2) are arranged on the track base (1), a limit track (5) is arranged in the middle of the upper side of the track base (1), the slide rails (2) are alternately arranged on both sides of the track base (1), a limit strip (42) is arranged in the limit track (5), the limit strip (42) is fixed at the lower center of a movable support plate (4), and a card slot (41) is respectively arranged at both ends of one side of the movable support plate (4); The rail base (1) is provided with a transmission component at a position corresponding to each of the slide rails (2), and the transmission component is used for moving the movable pallet (4); The transmission component comprises a symmetrically arranged bearing seat (12), wherein the bearing seat (12) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of one end of the track base (1), and the bearing seat (12) is respectively connected to the two ends of the rotating roller (11) by bearings, and the middle part of the rotating roller (11) is fixedly connected to a sprocket (8), and a support seat (9) is fixed to one side of the other end of the slide rail (2), and the support seat (9) is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft (91), and one end of the rotating shaft (91) is fixed to another sprocket (8), and the two sprockets (8) are chain-driven through a chain (10); The sprocket (8) is arranged inside the slide rail (2), the chain (10) is fixedly connected to a clamping block (101), and the clamping block (101) is used to clamp a corresponding clamping groove (41) on one side of the movable support plate (4) to move the movable support plate (4); A plurality of light sensors (102) are arranged on the track base (1), and each of the light sensors (102) is arranged at an entry end of the slide rail (2) corresponding to the travel direction of the movable pallet (4). 2. A tunnel emergency escape facility according to claim 1, characterized in that: the other sprocket (8) fixes the output shaft of the motor (7), the motor (7) fixes the motor bracket (6), and the motor bracket (6) fixes the lower side of the track base (1). 3. A tunnel emergency escape facility according to claim 2, characterized in that: a connecting support plate (3) is also provided on the track base (1). 4. A tunnel emergency escape facility according to claim 3, characterized in that: another limiting strip (42) is fixed to the lower side of the connecting support plate (3), and the limiting strip (42) is arranged in the limiting track (5). 5. A tunnel emergency escape facility according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mobile support plate (4) is connected to the connecting support plate (3) through a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly includes a fixing plate (43), the fixing plate (43) is fixed to the middle of the other side of the mobile support plate (4), a fixing block (31) is fixed to the middle of the upper side of the connecting support plate (3), the fixing block (31) is fixedly connected to a side of the limit strip (42) and a fixing sleeve (13) with a group of openings evenly arranged on the circumference is provided on the arc wall surface, a top shaft (26) is provided in the center of the fixing sleeve (13), the top shaft (26) fixes the fixing block (31), and the fixing plate (43) fixes the electric push rod (19) The telescopic rod of the electric push rod (19) passes through the fixing plate (43) and is fixedly connected to the center of the cross-shaped rod (17); the cross-shaped rod (17) is cross-shaped; the center of the cross-shaped rod (17) is fixedly connected to a spring (20); the spring (20) passes through the center hole of the fixing ring (21); the arc-shaped wall surface of the fixing ring (21) is fixed with one end of one side of a group of L-shaped rods (16) evenly arranged in a circumference; the other outer end of each (211) is respectively fixedly connected to the fixing plate (43); the other end of the spring (20) is fixedly connected to the top rod (22); the other end of the top rod (22) is fixedly connected to the top block (221); the top block (221) can resist the outer end of the top shaft (26). 6. A tunnel emergency escape facility according to claim 5, characterized in that: one end of one side of each of the L-shaped rods (16) is hinged to one end of the swing rod (13a), the other end of one side of each of the L-shaped rods (16) is respectively hinged to the corner of the V-shaped connecting rod (14), the other end of each of the swing rods (13a) and one end of each of the V-shaped connecting rods (14) are respectively hinged to the two ends of the ear block (25), each of the ear blocks (25) is respectively fixedly connected to one end of the connecting block (23), and each The other end of the connecting block (23) is respectively fixedly connected to the stop block (24); the connecting block (23) and the stop block (24) are arranged in the fixed sleeve (13); the connecting block (23) and the stop block (24) correspond to the opening on the fixed sleeve (13); the stop block (24) can be inserted into the opening; the other end of the V-shaped connecting rod (14) is respectively hinged to one end of the connecting rod (15); and the other end of each connecting rod (15) is respectively hinged to the end of the cross rod (17). 7. A tunnel emergency escape facility according to claim 3, characterized in that: the limiting track (5) is a V-shaped groove, and the limiting bar (42) is a triangular bar. 8. A tunnel emergency escape facility according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper surfaces of the connecting support plate (3) and the movable support plate (4) are both provided with a rubber layer for anti-slip. 9. A tunnel emergency escape facility according to claim 3, characterized in that: a controller is also provided, the controller can communicate with the light sensor (102) through a communication module, and the controller can control the motor (7).